La Sperimentazione White Spaces in Piemonte Applicazioni per Reti Veicolari

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Giornata di studio sui White Spaces, che si è tenuta lunedì 24 ottobre 2011, 9.30 - 17.00 – Sala Agorà, Incubatore d’Imprese Innovative del Politecnico di Torino (I3P).

Technology

La Sperimentazione White Spaces
in Piemonte
Applicazioni per Reti Veicolari

Claudio Casetti
Dipartimento di Elettronica
Politecnico di Torino

Goals

¤  ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) environment

¤  Design a roadside downloading application for vehicles
with prefetching of content

¤  Exploit long-range UHF coverage for signalling traffic
(vehicle position, content requests)

¤  Exploit short-range, high-bandwidth 5GHz links for content
downloading

Starting Point

¤  VICSUM project
¤  funded by Regione Piemonte in 2007-09
¤  partners: Politecnico di Torino, CSP, CRF

¤  The VICSUM legacy
¤  Hand-on expertise in VANETs
¤  Designing mobile applications
¤  Living testbeds (Villa Gualino)
¤  The “VICSUM cars”

Network Architecture

¤  Infrastructure
¤  Central Controller (CC)
¤  Roadside Units (RSU)
¤  Long-Range Unit (LRU)
¤  Vehicle On-Board Units (OBU)

RSU1 RSU2

Network Architecture

¤  Control Plane
¤  Common channel shared by CC (though LRU) and Vehicle
OBUs
(700 MHz)
¤  High-bit rate communication on point-to-point link between
CC and RSU

¤  User Plane
¤  RSU to vehicles OBU communication (5 GHz)

The LFT Protocol

¤  We designed and implemented a communication
protocol called Locate-Fetch-Transfer (LFT)

¤  LFT operates among RSUs, CC and OBUs

¤  LFT incorporates control and user plane

LFT Protocol Overview (1)
¤  Vehicle notifies to CC over
700 MHz link:
¤  own position
¤  content requests

¤  CC fetches requested content
and dispatches it to
the nearest RSU
RSU1 RSU2
¤  Vehicle associates to RSU and
downloads as much as
possible

LFT Protocol Overview (2)
¤  When moving out of RSU
coverage, the download stops

¤  RSU reports the outcome of
the download

¤  If incomplete, the CC
schedules the download to
continue at the next RSU
RSU1 RSU2

¤  Remaining file is dispatched
to the next RSU

The Test

¤  The OBU requests the download of a 200-MB file

¤  The download is completed over several “contacts”
with RSUs

¤  We measured
¤  the number of contacts to complete the transfer
¤  the coverage time
¤  the achieved throughput

The Test

¤  Preliminary tests at Villa Gualino (Torino)
¤  Signalling traffic on a 2.4-GHz (802.11b) channel
¤  Data channel on a 5-GHz (802.11a) channel

¤  Final tests in Val di Viù

Results
20 km/h 40 km/h
25 25
vehicle request and vehicle configuration vehicle request and vehicle configuration
vehicle configuration vehicle configuration
20 20

Throughput [Mbps]
Throughput [Mbps]

15 15

10 10

5 5

0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Time [s] Time [s]

Comparison with simple transfer
Our protocol: 7 contacts needed to transfer content
Access Point AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2 AP2
# of downloaded chunks
from the CC 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 18494
# of downloaded chunks 32850 30430 24750 18686 12650 28950 18494
Coverage time [s] 39 32 41 48 33 31 20
Throughput [Mb/s] 8.33 9.4 5.97 3.85 3.79 9.23 9.14

Simple transfer: 10 contacts needed to transfer content
Access Point AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2
# of downloaded chunks
from the CC 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 17379
# of downloaded chunks 17890 22887 26080 21261 29190 19903 32574 27438 26555 17379
Coverage time [s] 38 40 48 46 35 36 40 38 39 21
Throughput [Mb/s] 3.68 3.77 5.37 3.75 6.41 3.45 7.81 5.8 5.39 4.52

Conclusions

¤  LFT is not a Cognitive Radio application but could work
with any CR system

¤  Sustained throughput comparable to ADSL speeds to
mobile users

¤  Use of today’s technology

¤  Future work: lots of optimization to do!

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1. La Sperimentazione White Spaces in Piemonte Applicazioni per Reti Veicolari Claudio Casetti Dipartimento di Elettronica Politecnico di Torino

2. Goals ¤  ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) environment ¤  Design a roadside downloading application for vehicles with prefetching of content ¤  Exploit long-range UHF coverage for signalling traffic (vehicle position, content requests) ¤  Exploit short-range, high-bandwidth 5GHz links for content downloading

3. Starting Point ¤  VICSUM project ¤  funded by Regione Piemonte in 2007-09 ¤  partners: Politecnico di Torino, CSP, CRF ¤  The VICSUM legacy ¤  Hand-on expertise in VANETs ¤  Designing mobile applications ¤  Living testbeds (Villa Gualino) ¤  The “VICSUM cars”

4. Network Architecture ¤  Infrastructure ¤  Central Controller (CC) ¤  Roadside Units (RSU) ¤  Long-Range Unit (LRU) ¤  Vehicle On-Board Units (OBU) RSU1 RSU2

5. Network Architecture ¤  Control Plane ¤  Common channel shared by CC (though LRU) and Vehicle OBUs (700 MHz) ¤  High-bit rate communication on point-to-point link between CC and RSU ¤  User Plane ¤  RSU to vehicles OBU communication (5 GHz)

6. The LFT Protocol ¤  We designed and implemented a communication protocol called Locate-Fetch-Transfer (LFT) ¤  LFT operates among RSUs, CC and OBUs ¤  LFT incorporates control and user plane

7. LFT Protocol Overview (1) ¤  Vehicle notifies to CC over 700 MHz link: ¤  own position ¤  content requests ¤  CC fetches requested content and dispatches it to the nearest RSU RSU1 RSU2 ¤  Vehicle associates to RSU and downloads as much as possible

8. LFT Protocol Overview (2) ¤  When moving out of RSU coverage, the download stops ¤  RSU reports the outcome of the download ¤  If incomplete, the CC schedules the download to continue at the next RSU RSU1 RSU2 ¤  Remaining file is dispatched to the next RSU

9. The Test ¤  The OBU requests the download of a 200-MB file ¤  The download is completed over several “contacts” with RSUs ¤  We measured ¤  the number of contacts to complete the transfer ¤  the coverage time ¤  the achieved throughput

10. The Test ¤  Preliminary tests at Villa Gualino (Torino) ¤  Signalling traffic on a 2.4-GHz (802.11b) channel ¤  Data channel on a 5-GHz (802.11a) channel ¤  Final tests in Val di Viù

11. Val di Viù Testbed

12. Results 20 km/h 40 km/h 25 25 vehicle request and vehicle configuration vehicle request and vehicle configuration vehicle configuration vehicle configuration 20 20 Throughput [Mbps] Throughput [Mbps] 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Time [s] Time [s]

13. Comparison with simple transfer Our protocol: 7 contacts needed to transfer content Access Point AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2 AP2 # of downloaded chunks from the CC 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 18494 # of downloaded chunks 32850 30430 24750 18686 12650 28950 18494 Coverage time [s] 39 32 41 48 33 31 20 Throughput [Mb/s] 8.33 9.4 5.97 3.85 3.79 9.23 9.14 Simple transfer: 10 contacts needed to transfer content Access Point AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2 AP2 AP1 AP1 AP2 # of downloaded chunks from the CC 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 35000 17379 # of downloaded chunks 17890 22887 26080 21261 29190 19903 32574 27438 26555 17379 Coverage time [s] 38 40 48 46 35 36 40 38 39 21 Throughput [Mb/s] 3.68 3.77 5.37 3.75 6.41 3.45 7.81 5.8 5.39 4.52

14. Conclusions ¤  LFT is not a Cognitive Radio application but could work with any CR system ¤  Sustained throughput comparable to ADSL speeds to mobile users ¤  Use of today’s technology ¤  Future work: lots of optimization to do!

La Sperimentazione White Spaces in Piemonte Applicazioni per Reti Veicolari

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