case studies pertaining environmental legislation like the chipko movement, bhopal gas tragedy, narmada valley project, ecofeminism , delhi air pollution

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6. Ganga river pollution
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From Deity To Dirty

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➢ Ganga is the sixth most polluted river in the world.
➢ Toxicity of Ganga has risen 3000 times over the
safe limit as manifested by WHO.
➢ 1 billion litre’s of untreated sewage is dumped
everyday in Ganges.
➢ The river has its path across 101 different cities and
villages, most of the villages rely on Ganga for their
daily drinking water requirement.
➢ The river provides water to 40% of the total
population in India, largest than any other river.
As Statistics
Say:-

8. ❑ The increase in population density ,various human
activities such as washing clothes and bathing of
animals.
❑ Establishment of a large number of industries on the
bank of river Ganga like distilleries , slaughterhouses,
textile mills etc contribute to the pollution of Ganga
river.
❑ Bathing of people in ganga river to clean themselves
from their past sins is also the main cause for pollution.
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9. ❑ This widespread pollution of Ganga river leds to major health problems
such as cholera hepatitis and diarrhea.
❑ Some fishes muscles tended to accumulate high level of mercury. The
levels of mercury is perched to 84%
❑ Fishes in ganga river are becoming extinct .The Ganga’s dolphins has a
population of only 2000 and now it is an endangered species.
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10. Effects
• Mercury levels of Ganges perched to 84%
• Depletion of surrounding wildlife
• Effects on mankind
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11. Consequences
• Ganga action plan 1986
• National river Ganga basin authority:- formed under central
government of India 20th Feb 2004 section 3 act 1986
• Measures undertaken by supreme court
• Namami Gange:- integrated Ganga development project.
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12. Change makers
• Late swami Nigamanand Saraswati:- fasted to death in the effort to
save illegal mining during June 2011.
• His disciple swami Shivanand had taken from thereupon and finally
Uttarakhand government banned illegal mining.
• Dr G.D. Agarwal , along with support from other social activists ,
called for a National River Ganga Basin Authority meeting and urged
the authorities to utilise the 26 billion sanctioned "for creating
sewer networks, sewage treatment plants, sewage pumping
stations, electric crematoria, community toilets and development of
river fronts".
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14. SARDAR SAROVAR DAM
-A case study
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15. -The dam is situated on River Narmada.
-It is spread over 3 states:
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh.
-Although the project aims at providing irrigation water, drinking water and
electricity, the environmental impacts of the project have raised some challenging
questions.
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16. -A total of 1,44,731 ha of land is submerged by the dam, out of which 56,547 ha is
forest land.
-A total of 573 villages are submerged by Narmada dam.
-Submergence area is very rich in wildlife.
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17. -Due to devastation of the forest under the project, there is a massive loss of these
wildlife species :
Tigers, Panthers, Bears, Wolves, Pangolins, Hyenas, Jackals, Flying squirrels,
Antelopes, Black bucks, Chinkaras, etc.
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18. • Institute of Urban Affairs,New Delhi says,the project would
lead to displacement of more than one million people.
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19. Tribal people fighting for rehabilitation.
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21. • The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was
a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union
Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya
Pradesh. It was considered to be the world's worst industrial disaster.
• Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and
other chemicals.
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22. In the early morning hours of December 3, 1984, a poisonous grey cloud (forty tons of toxic gases) from
Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL's) pesticide plant at Bhopal spread throughout the city. Water carrying
catalytic material had entered Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) storage tank . What followed was a nightmare.
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23. EFFECTS
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29. ⬜ Chipko movement:Hugging the trees-book by Thomas Weber.
⬜ Delhi pollution: "Ambient (outdoor) air pollution database, by
country and city". WHO. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
⬜ Narmada valley project: Perspectives of evs by Anubha
kaushik,CP kaushik
⬜ Ganga river pollution: Perspectives of evs by Anubha
kaushik,CP kaushik
⬜ Bhopal gas tragedy:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disaster

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