This document provides an overview of career opportunities in chemistry after completing a BSc in Chemistry in India. It discusses options for higher studies such as MScs and PhDs in various fields of chemistry. It also outlines career paths in industries like pharmaceuticals, chemicals, agriculture, oil and gas. The document highlights the growth of the Indian chemical and pharmaceutical industries. It provides statistics on the size and exports of these industries. It also discusses the job roles available in areas like manufacturing, quality control, research and regulatory affairs and the skills required for these roles. In conclusion, it emphasizes the strong potential for employment and education in chemistry-related fields in India over the next 15 years.
The presentation is prepared for lecture for the M. Sc Chemistry students studying under University of Madras (MER3A: Unit III). It is dealing with Aromaticity and Organic Photochemistry
Presented at the International Conference on Luminescence - Wroclaw, Poland (July 13 - 18, 2014)
Publication Reference: Brian M. Walsh, Hyung R. Lee, Norman P. Barnes, "Mid Infrared lasers for remote sensing applications," J. Lumin., 169, 400-405 (2016).
Chemistry it is the study of matter. Also, It is an important part of our understanding of the universe. Let us talk about a career in Chemistry.
Today, people can pursue and build upon the past knowledge of famous scientists through the B.Sc. in Chemistry. Therefore, it attracts people from all backgrounds. It has a wide range of scope in terms of jobs.
Know more : https://www.cheggindia.com/career-guidance/what-to-do-after-graduation-and-career-in-chemistry/#h-career-opportunities-for-graduates
The presentation is prepared for lecture for the M. Sc Chemistry students studying under University of Madras (MER3A: Unit III). It is dealing with Aromaticity and Organic Photochemistry
Presented at the International Conference on Luminescence - Wroclaw, Poland (July 13 - 18, 2014)
Publication Reference: Brian M. Walsh, Hyung R. Lee, Norman P. Barnes, "Mid Infrared lasers for remote sensing applications," J. Lumin., 169, 400-405 (2016).
Chemistry it is the study of matter. Also, It is an important part of our understanding of the universe. Let us talk about a career in Chemistry.
Today, people can pursue and build upon the past knowledge of famous scientists through the B.Sc. in Chemistry. Therefore, it attracts people from all backgrounds. It has a wide range of scope in terms of jobs.
Know more : https://www.cheggindia.com/career-guidance/what-to-do-after-graduation-and-career-in-chemistry/#h-career-opportunities-for-graduates
Non-heme oxygen carrier proteins, Hemocyanin, Copper containing metalloprotein, Active site of deoxyhemocyanin and oxyhemocyanin, Oxidative addition of dioxygen, peroxide bridging, antiferromagnetic, Hemerythrin, Active site structure of deoxyhemerythrin and oxyhemerythrin, Comparison between hemoglobin, hemerythrin and hemocyanin
Longifolene is common naturally occurring, oily liquid hydrocarbon found in the high boiling fraction of certain pine resins.
Juvabione is a terpene- derived-keto-ester that has been isolated from plant sources.
Morphine is a major component of opium,it is isolated from poppy straw of the opium poppy.
Much evidence suggest that there are three distinct phases of copper in copper-containing enzymes, i. e., blue Cu (II), nonblue Cu (II), and diamagnetic Cu (II) -Cn (II) pair. The relation between the chemical state and biological function of the copper is discussed (Adilakshmi et al., 2002). Likewise, X-ray crystallographic analyses of the iron-encompassing electron carrier proteins, iron-sulfur proteins, reveal that there are three principal types of Fe-S clusters, namely, 1 Fe, 2 Fe-2S, and 4 Fe-4 S per center. Some of these clusters are typically involved in various enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, nitrogenase systems, hydrogenase, mitochondrial electron transport systems and so forth. In oxygenases too, iron and copper are the much key cofactors; most of dioxy genases as well as some of monooxy genases contain either iron or copper(Mei et al.,1997).Cooper is an important and essential nutrient to be added to the diet(Sreeremya,2018).
My introduction to electron correlation is based on multideterminant methods. I introduce the electron-electron cusp condition, configuration interaction, complete active space self consistent field (CASSCF), and just a little information about perturbation theories. These slides were part of a workshop I organized in 2014 at the University of Pittsburgh and for a guest lecture in a Chemical Engineering course at Pitt.
In this video i have explained nuclear models. There are three types of nuclear models 1. liquid drop model
2. shell model
3.collective model
I explained liquid drop model in simple way.
Non-heme oxygen carrier proteins, Hemocyanin, Copper containing metalloprotein, Active site of deoxyhemocyanin and oxyhemocyanin, Oxidative addition of dioxygen, peroxide bridging, antiferromagnetic, Hemerythrin, Active site structure of deoxyhemerythrin and oxyhemerythrin, Comparison between hemoglobin, hemerythrin and hemocyanin
Longifolene is common naturally occurring, oily liquid hydrocarbon found in the high boiling fraction of certain pine resins.
Juvabione is a terpene- derived-keto-ester that has been isolated from plant sources.
Morphine is a major component of opium,it is isolated from poppy straw of the opium poppy.
Much evidence suggest that there are three distinct phases of copper in copper-containing enzymes, i. e., blue Cu (II), nonblue Cu (II), and diamagnetic Cu (II) -Cn (II) pair. The relation between the chemical state and biological function of the copper is discussed (Adilakshmi et al., 2002). Likewise, X-ray crystallographic analyses of the iron-encompassing electron carrier proteins, iron-sulfur proteins, reveal that there are three principal types of Fe-S clusters, namely, 1 Fe, 2 Fe-2S, and 4 Fe-4 S per center. Some of these clusters are typically involved in various enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, nitrogenase systems, hydrogenase, mitochondrial electron transport systems and so forth. In oxygenases too, iron and copper are the much key cofactors; most of dioxy genases as well as some of monooxy genases contain either iron or copper(Mei et al.,1997).Cooper is an important and essential nutrient to be added to the diet(Sreeremya,2018).
My introduction to electron correlation is based on multideterminant methods. I introduce the electron-electron cusp condition, configuration interaction, complete active space self consistent field (CASSCF), and just a little information about perturbation theories. These slides were part of a workshop I organized in 2014 at the University of Pittsburgh and for a guest lecture in a Chemical Engineering course at Pitt.
In this video i have explained nuclear models. There are three types of nuclear models 1. liquid drop model
2. shell model
3.collective model
I explained liquid drop model in simple way.
Indian Pharmaceutical Export Market - Top Export Destinations for Indian Phar...Irish Pereira
By Mr. Irish Pereira. The report present snapshot of Indian Pharmaceutical industry in both domestic as well as export market. It is collation of facts pertaining to Indian pharma exports and explore key emerging trends pertaining to pharma export market. It describes key players of Indian pharma market and their export orientation as in their target export destinations, their focus therapies etc.
Fact sheet:
1) Indian Pharma Market size 2015
2) Indian pharmaceutical market segments by value
3)Patented (Innovator) Vs Generics Scenario
4)Growth drivers of Indian pharmaceutical industry
5) Indian Pharmaceutical sector – SWOT Analysis
6)PHARMEXCIL – Facilitating agency for Indian Pharma Exports
7) Indian Pharmaceutical Exports (USD bn)
8)Formulations share in Total Pharma Exports (2014-15)
9) Top 25 destination countries of India’s pharmaceutical exports during 2013-14 (INR mn)
10) Major Indian Pharma Companies (By Revenue-USD mn)
11) Pharma players and their export destinations
Sun Pharma,Dr. Reddy’s Lab,
CIPLA, Lupin, Aurobindo, Cadila Healthcare, Torrent Pharma, Wockhardt,
12) Emerging trends in Indian Pharma Market
Introduction Indian Pharmaceutical market, SWOT analysis, PEST Analysis, Timeline analysis of Sun Pharma, Glaxo Smith Kline, Mankind, CIPLA and Zydus Cadila.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
2. Chemistry is that physical science which
includes the study of a range of matters
such as atoms, crystals, molecules and
many other collections of matters
whether they are in isolation or in
combination.
2
4. Some of the higher study options after B.Sc
Chemistry are
-M.Sc. Chemistry
-M.Sc.Analytical Chemistry
-M.Sc. Drug Chemistry
-M.Sc. Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
-M.Sc. Physical &Materials Chemistry
- M.Sc. By Research
-Master of BusinessAdministration (MBA)
- Ph.D in Chemistry
Scope for Higher Studies after
B.Sc Chemistry
4
5. Analytical Chemist
Biomedical Chemist
Production Officer Quality Controller
Associate Industrial Research Scientist
Lab Chemist
Materials Technologist
Production Chemist
Chemical Engineering
R&D Director
Research & Development Manager
Safety Health And Environment Specialist
Teacher 5
6. The employment areas for the B.Sc
Chemistry graduates include
pharmaceutical industries, chemical
manufacturers, Forensic Science
Department, plastic industries,
agrochemical industries, etc. Apart from
these, they are also recruited in other fields
such as oil, gas and power sectors and
even in defence services.
6
7. TOPPh.D. Institutes in India.
National Chemical Laboratory , Pune
IISER, Pune
IISER, Bhopal
National Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad.
Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore
IIT , Bombay
IIT , Chennai
IIT, Kanpur
Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai.
Research Institutes affiliated to University.
7
8. Government Jobs in Chemistry
• UPSC www.upsconline .nic.in
• MPSC www.mpsconline .gov.in
• Forensic recruitment , Lecturer for gov Colleges
for NET & Non NET candidates.
• ONGC www.ongcindia.com form are
continuethrough our the year.
• NTPC www. Ntpccareers.net Various post in
NTPC.
• Geoscientist post for Chemistry and Lecturer post.
8
9. SCOPE, Other Than Traditional :-
• Scientist, Science communicator
• Substantiality Manager.
• Fragrance Chemist.
• Favourist & innovation Director
• Application Chemist
• Organic Skincare & Cosmetic Range
• Substantiality Consultant
• Environmental Chemist.
9
10. Indian ChemicalIndustry
1
Indian Chemical Industry plays a major role in the overall
development of India
Contributes significantly to India’s economy under
manufacturing sector
It accounts for approximately 7% of India’sGDP.
Output value in the year 2012-13 was 782,949crores
Indian chemical Industry is 6thin the world and 3rdinAsia
India’s exports of chemicals (excluding pharma) was 32.02
US$billion in 2013, and imports US$46.01
Chemical industry growth rate of over 8-11% p.a.and
expected to reach $290billion by 2017
11. Chemicalindustries- Category
1
The chemical industries broadly categorised;
Basic inorganic & Organic chemicals
Specialty chemicals & fine chemicals
Petrochemicals & plastics,
Pesticides & Agrochemicals,
Fertilizers
Dyes & pigments
Paints & varnishes,
Soaps, perfumes & toiletries and
Pharmaceuticals and others
12. IndianPharmaceutical industry- overview.
1
Indian pharmaceutical industry is growing fast as
like IT industry.
Manufactures Quality Medicines at affordable cost.
Significant growth is from 1990’s
Market size is about 2 lakhscrore
It is 3rdlargest in the world by volume (10%) and13th
largest (~ 3%) inthe world in term of value.
Growing at around 15-20% (6-8% in global).
Expected grow and reach US$100 billion by2025.
13. Indian Pharmaceutical industry
1
More than 90% of drugs used in India are
produced in India
The industry is quite fragmented and comprises of
nearly 10,500 companies and majority of them in
the small sector.
Around 300-400 are organized companies
categorized as medium & large
Direct employment is 5lacs and total
employment could be over 20lacs
Mostly located in Maharashtra, Gujarat,
Telungana , AP, HP, Tamil nadu.
14. * AmongfastestgrowingIndustries:The IPI(Indian
Pharmaceutical Industry) revenue is expected to
expand at a CAGRof 17.8 % during 2008-16 andreach
USD36 billion
* Rapidgrowinghealthcare sector:By 2015, the
healthcare sector is expected to reach USD100 billion
from the current USD65billion.
* GrowingGenericMarket:The generic market is
expected to grow to USD26.1 Billion by 2016 from
current USD11.3 billion in 2011; India genericsMarket
has immense potential for growth
th
7
15. Export Indian PharmaIndustry
15
India competing with developed countries
due to lower manufacturing cost with better
Quality.
India import was huge and higher than the
export until late 1980s,
Since 1990 export starts growing ,now
export is 5 times higher thanimport.
Export is 50% of the total turnover.
Exported to >200 countries for both
developed and developing countries.
Around 25% of export is toUSA.
20% of the total volume of global generics
ie 1 in 5of Generic * is from India.
*Genericmedicines, andto low-cost versions of newly-developed medicines
16. Highlightsof Indian Pharma Industry
02/25/16 16
In 2001, CIPLAwas in limelight, offered an AIDSdrug to for
the price of $300 against $12,000 inUS.
India manufactures 30% of the world requirement ofAnti-
HIVdrugs
key contributor to the WHOPrequalification Programme
(PQP) 65-70%
AIDS,Tuberculosis, Malaria, Reproductive Health, and etc...
2012, NATCOgot approval to sell kidney-cancer drug
Nexavar at 3% of market price under compulsorylicense.
CostRs.8500against Rs.2.8 lakh
17. Advantageof Indian Pharma Industries
02/25/16 17
Global consumption of :The USaccounts for 40-45%, EUis about 20-
24% and Japan15%; balance is rest of world
So target market is US,EU& BRICS.
India is the highest USDMFapproved country outside theUS
India accounts for 30.3 per cent (2,911) of 9619 Drug Master Files
(DMFs) filed with USA,which is the highest outside of USA.
584 manufacturing sites approved by USFDAand next is Italy (<200)
Several Indian Pharmaceutical companies set up plants in abroad
Fast growth in R&Dactivities.
18. SS The effects in new product patent
SS Price control in the drugs
SS Reformation in the regulatory
SS Developments in the infrastructure
SS Quality Management concept
SS Conforming the global standards
The other challenges include:
* Decline in the production
* Reducer in Drug Approvals
* Stringent regulations
02/25/16 11
19. GrowthPotential: Opportunity
19
Indian Pharma industry posses several strengths;
Innovation and process design- to copy cat generic.
Strong R&Dcapability,
Qualified personnel
Abundant skilled man power
Around 270 large R& Dbased pharma companies in
India.
Past track is capable of producing better quality drugs
with lower manufacturing cost.
Knowledgeable and Skilled man power (Research,
analytical, regulatory, clinical and IT)
20. Research& Development:
20
Indian Pharma companies spent huge amount for R&D.
Dr.Reddy’s, SunPharma, Gleanmark are investing in
discovery research
Several companies involved in process development and
contract research.
US$300bn worth of Patent drugs expiries by 2017.
Global R&Dcost is estimated as USD65bn
Contract Research
24. 8 – 12 years
Drug Discovery is becoming more time and cost consuming…
Drug discovery process :
02/25/16 24
25. Clinicalstudy:
02/25/16 25
Aclinical trial is a tool for testing a drug,
medical device, or technique for safety
and efficacy.
Global clinical trial market is ~USD 60bn.
Money involved for new drug min is USD
600-mn 2bn out of this 150-200mn spent
for clinical trials
India will make it with 50-60% of cost
and faster.
The advantages are, technical resources
(physician, nurses, and other technical
personals), having developed IT
infrastructure, protection on IPRrelated
issues and etc.
26. JobOpportunities
26
Pharma is knowledge based industry
Special skills are required to work
Offers excellent salary ,benefits & scope for growth.
Jobopportunities for Chemistry / pharmacy
graduates / pharmaceutical Technology/ Doctors
Government & private sector
27. JobOpportunities
Government& Public sector:
State & Central Govt
Public sector
National Labs
Drug testing
Research & Development
NIPER,CSIR, CDRL
27
28. JobOpportunities in PharmaIndustry
02/25/16 28
Functions/Aactivities :
Marketing & Sales –Technical
Manufacturing/production
Environment management
Research & Development
Quality control & Quality assurance
Regulatory Affairs & IPR
Clinical trials
Testing laboratories- private
29. Manufacturing/production:
29
Knowledge & Skill required:
Process Chemistry
Technology transfer
Chemical reaction
Handling of Chemicals
Unit operations
Reaction, distillation,
filtration, drying, blending
Formulation, etc
30. Research&
Development
30
Knowledge & Skill required:
Synthesis- all kind of organic
reaction
Process chemistry
Thermo chemistry
Kinetics
Structure elucidation
Patent search
New analytical techniques
Simple & easy test methods
31. QualityAssurance& Regulatory
02/25/16 31
Quality Assurance & Regulatory functions
Pharma industries governed by stringent Rules&
regulations
Drugs & Cosmetic Act
Quality system
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)
Documents for each activities
Rules & Regulations as per exporting countries
Regulatory Inspection and approvals
36. Chromatography
36
Extensively used technique is
Chromatography for testing
of purity and impurity in
complex molecule;
TLC
Gas Chromatography
HPLC
Gel permeation
Ion chromatography
37. T
esting
37
Drugs are tested for :
Purity
Impurities
Structure confirmation –IR,UV
Specific rotation
Loss on drying/ water
Residue of Ignition(inorganic)
Dissolution
Drug release
Stability
39. Preparedness
39
Over 15 years, employment potential couldrange
between 8-9 million jobs.
Education & training
Instrumentation course
Diploma in pharmaceutical course
Personal development
Interview skill
40. Reference:
40
Annual report 2014-15 & Chemicals & petrochemicals statistics AT AGLANCE:
2014 govt of india, ministry of chemicals &fertilizers
INDIANCHEMICALINDUSTRY:Five year plan –2012-2017
The pharmaceutical industry and Global health facts and Figures 2014: IFPMA
India Pharma summit 2014-15 position paper; dept of pharmaceuticals, govt of
india
India Chem 2014 :Spurting the growth of Indian Chemical Industry: FICCI
ABrief report of Indian pharmaceutical industry InIndia- ASA Associates
India PharmaInc.Gearing up for the next level of growth PWC
Fromvisionto decisionPharma 2020- PWC
Profile of pharmaceutical industry- Chapter –iv
Wikipedia