PHYSICAL EDUCATION 11 - PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
LESSON1
At the end of this lesson student will be able to . . .
○ Distinguishes aerobic from muscle-and bone-strengthening activities
○ Explains how to optimize the energy systems for safe and improved performance
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 11 - PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
LESSON1
At the end of this lesson student will be able to . . .
○ Distinguishes aerobic from muscle-and bone-strengthening activities
○ Explains how to optimize the energy systems for safe and improved performance
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest.
Before the industrial revolution, fitness was defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue. However, with automation and changes in lifestyles physical fitness is now considered a measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypo kinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.
Gymnastics
- History and Nature of Gymnatics
- Equipments for Gymnastics
- Costumes for Gymnastics
- Basic Skills in Gymnastics
- Stretching and Conditioning in Gymnastics
- Safety Rules in Gymnastics
Includes the Natural resources of the country, outdoor recreation (land, water & air), nature of mountaineering, trail class, classification, top mountains visited in the country.
An overview of current and past examples of poor student athlete behavior and coach\'s salaries. Includes commerical, socio-cultural, and ethical implications, as well as recommendations to the sports, entertainment, and event industries.
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest.
Before the industrial revolution, fitness was defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue. However, with automation and changes in lifestyles physical fitness is now considered a measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypo kinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.
Gymnastics
- History and Nature of Gymnatics
- Equipments for Gymnastics
- Costumes for Gymnastics
- Basic Skills in Gymnastics
- Stretching and Conditioning in Gymnastics
- Safety Rules in Gymnastics
Includes the Natural resources of the country, outdoor recreation (land, water & air), nature of mountaineering, trail class, classification, top mountains visited in the country.
An overview of current and past examples of poor student athlete behavior and coach\'s salaries. Includes commerical, socio-cultural, and ethical implications, as well as recommendations to the sports, entertainment, and event industries.
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Physical Activity Interventions
Chapter 6
Why use intervention strategies?
Intervention strategies based on a sound theoretical framework
offer the greatest potential for
altering physical activity behavior
Interventions may not directly change behavior, but they can modify one or more PA determinants (which can, in turn, increase PA)
2
PA Intervention Approaches
Change knowledge and attitudes about benefits of and opportunities for PA
Informational Approaches
Teaches behavioral management skills needed for adoption and maintenance
Behavioral Approaches
Creating social environments to facilitate and enhance behavior change
Social Approaches
Change structure of physical and organizational environment to provide safe, attractive and convenient places for PA
Environmental and policy approaches
Behavioral Approaches
Teach BEHAVIORAL SKILLS to adopt and adhere to an exercise regimen
Techniques taught through some form of counseling intervention
Behavioral Skills
Recognize/manage situations that can sabotage progress
Recognize cues and opportunities for PA
Develop strategies to maintain PA levels
Develop strategies to prevent relapse
Behavioral Interventions
5
Behavioral Technique: The Exercise Contract
Assess current level of fitness
Create SMART Goal
Detail actions to achieve goal
Action Planning
Determine fitness level: Fitness assessment
Quantify exercise goal:
Write SMART goal, short term goals
Action Plan:
Use FITT Principle; implementation intentions
Track Progress: Self-Monitoring & Self reinforcement.
Relapse Prevention: Avoiding abstinence violation effect
Why is setting a goal so important?
Motivational Tool
A clear target
Feedback
↑self-efficacy
Roadmap
Step by step guidance
Clarifies expectations
Provider-Client understanding
Potential benefits and risks of goal setting
Consider your approach…
Benefits
Enhances focus and concentration
Risks
Goal setting might create a ceiling on performance
Boosts self-confidence
Helps prevent or manage stress
Creates a positive mental attitude
Increase intrinsic motivation to excel
Improve the quality of practice by making training more challenging
Enhance playing skill, techniques, and strategies
Improve overall performance
Fixation on goals may encourage shortcuts or drastic measures to get there
E.g. Client with weight loss goals fasts for 2 days before evaluation day
Goals can take the fun out of fitness
If this is true, you need to re-evaluate program
Stay away from “no pain no gain” principle
Every moment of exercising does not have to include monitoring, evaluation of whether or not goals are getting met, etc.
I am going to lose weight.
I will lose 10 pounds by December so that I can fit in my cocktail dress.
10
Potential failures in goal setting
Goals should be challenging, yet realis ...
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2. OBJECTIVES:
Identify career opportunities in physical
education, exercise science, and sport.
Self-assess strengths, interests, goals, and
career preferences.
Identify leadership skills for professionals in
the field of physical education, exercise science,
and sport.
List professional organizations in physical
education, exercise science, and sport.
4. School and non-school settings:
Coach training helps in evolving as a leader.
Coaching community provides a high level of support for
every challenge as a future coach.
Coaching is a great way to make a living for it’s a
business which can start without a large overhead.
1. PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND
COACHING CAREERS
5. 2. FITNESS & HEALTH RELATED CAREER
Cardiac Rehabilitation, Sports Nutrition, Corporate Fitness, etc.
If you're interested in the physical well-being of yourself and
others, you may consider an education in health and fitness.
Degree and certification programs are available in fields such
as nutrition, athletic training, physical therapy or fitness.
Careers as nutritionists, fitness trainers, personal trainers,
aerobics instructors or coaches.
6. 3. PERSONAL TRAINER- SPORT
MANAGEMENT CAREERS
Athletic Administration, Sport
Retailing, Resort Sport
Management, etc.
Do it For Love, Not Money
Many people dream about
being a personal trainer
because they think it will make
them rich and famous.
However, becoming a
successful personal trainer
takes a lot of time and effort
and one has to be prepared to
work very hard to make a name
for himself.
7. 4. Sport Media careers
Journalism, Photography, Writing, Art, Broadcasting
5. Sport-Related careers
Law, Research, Consulting, Officiating, Entrepreneur,
etc.
OTHER CAREERS:
9. CHOOSING A CAREER
Choosing the right career can be difficult, but having a
defined career direction will help in getting a job.
The following concepts will serve as a guide in choosing
career...
Select a “career pathway” as opposed to a specific job;
there are many jobs to pursue within a given career area.
A career choice can be changed.
A career does not have to be a lifelong commitment.
Evaluate your career satisfaction periodically.
Know your strengths, interests, goals, and preferences
before making a decision.
10. THINGS TO CONSIDER IN CHOOSING CAREERS..
1. Consider your dream career.
There is an old saying that if you’re trying to choose a
career, one should think about what you would do if
you didn’t have to work.
If you had a million dollars and you could do anything,
what would you do? Your answer to that question,
while maybe not literally the best career choice for you,
may give you insight into what you should do.
Ex. If you want to be a music star, consider going
into audio engineering or music composition. These
careers are easier to pursue and you will be much more
likely to succeed and provide for yourself in the future.
11. 2. Consider your hobbies.
It is very easy to turn your hobbies or something you
love doing into a future career.
Many hobbies correspond to real world needs and
positions.
Consider what you like to do and how that might fit
into a career.
Ex. If you like drawing or art, consider becoming a
graphic designer.
If you like sports, consider going into
teaching and getting certified as a coach.
12. 3. Consider what you enjoy or enjoyed in school.
Academic subjects translate well into future careers
but may require more schooling than other types of
careers.
Your favorite class in high school could very well
launch you into your future career but you have to be
willing to work for it.
Ex. if you loved chemistry, you could look forward
to a future career as a lab technician or a pharmacist.
13. CAREER DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
Reflect on your thoughts in these categories before making a
decision...
1. SELF-ASSESSMENT OF STRENGTHS AND ABILITIES
Consider what skills you excel in.
If you are particularly good at certain skills, such as fixing
things or making things, this can provide you with a great
future career.
Schooling may or may not be necessary, but skilled labor is
often in demand and you will find it fairly easy to find work.
Ex. carpentry, auto repair, construction, and electrical work all
benefit from people who are good at fixing things or working
with their hands. These also tend to be stable, well-paying
jobs.
14. 2. PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL GOALS
Consider your interpersonal skills.
If your skills lie more in helping and communicating with
other people, there are jobs for you as well.
People who communicate and interact with others well
can easily get careers as social workers or in marketing and
similar business positions.
Ex. If you’re more the type to take care of others,
consider nursing or work as an administrative assistant or
office manager.
15. 3. WORK AND LIFESTYLE PREFERENCES.
Consider Your Current State.
Figuring out what you should do with your life may
sometimes require you to get to know yourself better.
If you want a career that will really make you happy,
you have to have a very good understanding of what
you want and what you enjoy.
For some people, this means taking some time off to
decide what’s important to them.
16. 4. CAREER REQUIREMENTS.
If restrictions do not bar you from
pursuing more schooling, you may want
to consider this option.
Not everybody excels in school or
needs a traditional college education,
but most career paths have
associated training which you can
do and will help to advance more
quickly.
Technical colleges, for example, may be
a good option for those who would
prefer not to pursue a traditional
education.
17. PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION
TIMETABLE
A 4-year timeline focusing on these 10 categories is
suggested for individuals concerned with preparing for
a professional career.
Academic
Career goals
Campus activities
Professional activities
Volunteer activities
Related work
Practicum
Career planning
Networking
Certifications
Application
For Employment
For Graduate School
19. RESPONSIBILITIES OF A FITNESS OR EXERCISE
SPECIALIST
Helping people become healthier and more physically
active
As certified personal trainers/instructors/coaches,
they design and implement personalized exercise &
fitness plans for individuals for improvement of overall
fitness levels and physical conditioning
Perform battery of tests to measure clients’ aerobic
capacity, strength, flexibility & mobility
Offer a personalized exercise regimen that will help
clients improve their physical fitness levels
20. OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE FOR SOMEONE
PURSUING A THERAPY-RELATED CAREER
Job options directly related
includes the following:
Art therapist
Dance movement
psychotherapist
Ergonomist
Health promotion specialist
Occupational therapist
Sports therapist
Jobs where the degree would
be useful includes the
following:
Advice worker
Care manager
Medical sales representative
Play therapist
Primary care graduate mental
health worker
Social worker
Special educational needs
teacher
Teaching assistant
21. FITNESS AND EXERCISE RELATED CAREERS
1. Preventive programs
Specialists work with healthy adults
to increase their level of fitness.
Corporate fitness centers, commercial
fitness centers, and community
agencies (YMCA/YWCA)
2. Rehabilitative programs
Specialists work with individuals who
exhibit the effects of coronary heart
disease focusing on attaining a
functional state of living and an
enhanced quality of life.
Most often found in hospitals,
medical clinics or community
agencies affiliated with corporate
fitness centers.
22. COMPREHENSIVE WELLNESS
PROGRAM COMPONENTS
Fitness development
and maintenance
Educational efforts
Health promotion
Lifestyle
modification
Recreational sport
opportunities
23. PROGRAM ASPECTS
Medical screening
Fitness and lifestyle
assessment
Goal setting
Supervised group
programs
Educational classes
Motivation and
reinforcement
Why should these
aspects be included?
How could you
implement each of these
aspects?
24. MEDICAL SCREENING
Minimize cardiac risk while
allowing the individual to
achieve the maximum benefit
from physical activity;
Identify medical problems that
should be used to modify the
activity program; and
Identify functional
impairments that the activity
program will address.
25. FITNESS & LIFESTYLE ASSESSMENT
Planning a well-rounded
physical fitness program for
an individual requires
information regarding the
client’s living habits.
The lifestyle assessment
provides useful information
concerning the individual’s
risk factor profile.
These factors can be used to
pinpoint patterns and habits
that need modifications and
to assess the likelihood of
the client’s adherence to the
exercise program.
26. GOAL SETTING
Goal setting is a
technique that can be
defined as strategic
approach to behavioral
change, creating an
opportunity to assess
individual needs and
develop an
individualized plan of
action in an attempt to
achieve a desired
outcome.
Set goals that are realistic when
initiating an exercise program
27. SUPERVISED GROUP PROGRAMS
A Personal Trainer,
or ‘PT’, usually works on
a one-to-one basis with
individuals, but
sometimes small groups.
Personal Trainers work
with their clients to plan
personal training
programs to help them
achieve their desired
health and fitness goals.
28. EDUCATIONAL CLASSES
Personal Trainers always
keep up-to-date with the
latest information from
the fitness industry on
exercise trends, nutrition
etc., trying to use a
holistic approach to
health where possible.
PTs regularly attend
professional
development workshops
to keep themselves
informed.
29. MOTIVATION & REINFORCEMENT
Sticking with the habit is
even tougher as work and
other commitments.
Reinforcement or
otherwise known as a
reward system, might
help you get to the point
where exercise is just a
normal part of everyday
activity.
31. SPORTS AGENT
manage business matters and negotiate contracts for
athletes
provide general business advice
act as a liaison between client and sports
teams/companies looking for endorsees
32. OPPORTUNITIES FOR SPORTS AGENT
NOTE: There are no standard education requirements
for becoming a sports agent, but many universities and
private institutes offer programs in sports management.
Programs are accredited by the Commission on Sport
Management Accreditation (www.cosmaweb.org).
Bachelor's degree programs in sports management
generally cover business topics, such as finance,
management and public relations, as well as media-
related topics.
33. SPORTS CLOTHING DESIGNER
emotion of sport, insights from different great athletes
someone who loves to study fashion trends,
sketch designs, select materials, and have a part in all
the production aspects of their designs.
contributes to the creation of millions, if not billions
of pieces of clothing and accessories for sports teams
and sport companies
A degree in an art-related field is a vital qualification
for a career in in sportswear design.
34. SPORTS INSTRUCTORS
develop the ability, technique and performance of
professional or amateur sports people
teach either individuals/teams how to improve the
skills they need to succeed in their chosen sport, and
instruct on the specifics of technique and strategy
supervise and facilitate training sessions
plan individual programs for each player
liaise with sports science support staff
35. Continuation..
oversee competitions or games
analyze team or individual client's performance
work with managers to select team members for
particular matches or competitions
may work for sporting clubs and recreation centers
instructing the public
may work for specific professional teams with high-
level athletes
36. SPORTS LAWYER
represent a wide variety of clients who need legal advice
and representation that usually requires knowledge of
several areas of law
represent clients such as:
a) amateur and professional players
b) coaches, referees and officials
c) leagues
d) governing bodies of the sports industry
e) athletics administrators
f) educational institutions and sports facility owners and operators
g) sports broadcasters
h) sports equipment manufacturers
i) sports medicine care providers
j) businesses that sponsor athletic events or athletes
k) concessionaires who serve food and drink to fans at games
37. SPORTS MEDICINE PHYSICIAN
work with athletes and sports teams at all levels to
help heal athletic injuries
specialized in either surgical or non-surgical
procedures
In order to become sports medicine physicians,
candidates must complete medical school, earn a
license, and earn board certification in sports
medicine.
38. SPORT NUTRITIONIST
work in a fitness center or facility for professional
athletes
work with teams during preseason, throughout the
season of the sport, and in the off season to keep the
clients’ bodies in optimal health
Usually, this professional dietician works for athletic
teams and is employed by the university or sports
organization.
If not working for an organized sport, a sports
nutritionist may work in a fitness center, wellness
facility, rehabilitation center, or doctor’s office.
39. SPORTS PROMOTER
skilled individuals who are able to fill entertainment
venues and able to market different events effectively
specializes specifically in sports entertainment
Promoters of all types usually take a commission for
the promotion of an event.
Many promoters run their own company or under
another promotion company.
40. SPORTS PSYCHOLOGIST
trained to use
psychological skills to
help athletes excel in
their sports careers
specialized discipline
that draws upon
psychology as well as
other disciplines such as
biomechanics,
physiology, kinesiology,
and medicine to help
athletes maintain
optimal performance and
adjustment
41. SPORTS REPORTER/JOURNALIST
works depend on which
type of media they are
going to be working
with, whether it is
newspaper, magazine,
TV, radio, or the growing
realm of online media
may work as a media
coordinator, announcer,
or communications
representative for an
athletic association or
sports team
42. WEIGHT-CONTROL COUNSELOR
A weight-loss counselor helps
individuals track, achieve and
maintain weight loss
by monitoring exercise
creating sensible diet plans
providing support for clients.
NOTE: To be a weight-loss counselor,
you need to have certain education
and training to make it possible for
you to help your clients live a
healthier lifestyle.