The carbon cycle describes the exchange of carbon between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth. Carbon is cycled through the Earth's systems through processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition. It exists in different forms in each reservoir, including as CO2 in the atmosphere, organic matter in soils, and carbonate minerals in rocks and oceans. Disruptions to the carbon cycle can lead to climate change issues.

1. PRESENTED BY PRANZLY

2. Carbon cycle is a biogeochemical in which carbon is
exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere,
hydrosphere and atmosphere of earth.
In earth’s atmosphere , CO2 is only 0.32%.
The process of photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition
move carbon through carbon cycle partly as CO2.
 Carbon is the backbone of life on Earth.

3. As an organic compounds(sugar, starch )in living and dead
organisms in the biosphere.
As the gas CO2 (main reservoir), methane in atmosphere,
Carbon mono-oxide (CO2> CH4>CO)
As organic matter in the soil.
In the lithosphere as fossil fuel and sedimentary
rocks(largest reservoir) such as limestone(including chalk)
and dolomite
In the ocean as dissolved hydrocarbon and as calcium
carbonate(main reservoir) in the shells of marine
creatures(eg-corals)

4. Climate change
Temperature, T
Ocean carbon,
Ocean mixed layer, Cm
(total ocean, 𝐶𝑀)
Atmosphere
carbon , Ca
Land carbon
Total vegetation and
soil , Ct
Radiative
forcing

6. 1. THE ATMOSPHERE: The carbon present in the atmosphere
of earth in the form of CO2.
2. THE TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE: Carbon incorporated in
the surface of the earth, by the living beings
3. OCEANIC CARBON CYCLE: the creatures living in the
oceans reserves a certain amount of carbon, and also the
inorganic carbon dissolved in the waters and the carbon
present at the surface of the oceans.

7. 4. GEOSPHERE: The excessive carbon is trapped deep
within the earth’s crust in the form of various sediments
of minerals and fossil fuels. Sediments of limestone had
stored a vast amount of carbon in them.
5. also trapped in the inner parts of the planet earth. The
mantle and core of the earth have a grave quantity of
carbon present in there, carbon from the lower mantle
often leaks into the atmosphere by the volcanic activities.

8. 1. SLOW CARBON CYCLE
'Through a series of chemical reactions and tectonic
activity, carbon takes between 100-200 million years to
move between rocks, soil, ocean, and atmosphere in the
slow carbon cycle.
 On average, 1013 to 1014 grams (10–100 million metric
tons) of carbon move through the slow carbon cycle every
year.
In comparison, human emissions of carbon to the
atmosphere are on the order of 1015 grams, whereas the
fast carbon cycle moves 1016 to 1017 grams of carbon per
year
.

9. 2. FAST CARBON CYCLE
Plants and phytoplankton are the main components of
the fast carbon cycle.
Phytoplankton (microscopic organisms in the ocean)
and plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by
absorbing it into their cells.
Using energy from the Sun, both plants and plankton
combine carbon dioxide (CO2) and water to form sugar
(CH2O) and oxygen. The chemical reaction looks like
this:
CO2 + H2O + energy = CH2O + O2

10. Carbohydrates (mostly cellulose 15-16%,
hemicellulose 10-30%, sugar and starch 1-2%).
Nitrogen containing proteins and amino acids- 1-
5%
Lignin 5-30%
Pectin- 1%
Waxes and pigments – 1%
Others(fats,oils organic acid,hydrocarbons)- 5-
20%

11. Photosynthesis
Decomposition
Combustion
Respiration

12. MINERALISATION
 Conversion of organic
carbon into inorganic
carbon forms under the
action of microorganisms.
 Ex- carbohydrates are
converted to CO2
IMMOBILISATION
 Conversion of organic
carbon into inorganic
carbon.
 Reverse process of
mineralization
 Ex- by photosynthesis
(CO2 is converted to
carbohydrates.)
ASSIMILLATION
When microorganism uses carbon
compounds for themselves for the
formation of their cell wall,
peptidoglycans, cell membrane)

13.  Even though CO is found in small traces within the atmosphere, it
plays an important role in balancing the energy and traps the long-
wave radiations from the sun.
 Therefore, it acts like a blanket over the planet.
 If the carbon cycle is disturbed it'll end in serious consequences
like climatic changes and heating .
 2 CO2 + H2O + energy → CH2O + O2 CH2O + O2 → CO2 + H2O
 2 Carbon is an integral component of every life form on earth.
From proteins and lipids to even our DNA. Furthermore, all known
life on earth is predicated on carbon.
 Hence, the carbon cycle, alongside the organic process and
oxygen cycle, plays an important role within the existence of life
on earth.

14.  .