Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth that can spread to other parts of the body. The document discusses the main types of cancer like melanoma, leukemia, lymphoma, sarcoma, and carcinoma. Melanoma forms in skin cells and is linked to UV exposure. Leukemia affects blood and bone marrow cells. Lymphoma impacts the lymphatic system. Sarcoma originates in soft tissues. Carcinoma commonly forms in breast tissue. The rarest cancers and pancreatic cancer, which has a low survival rate, are also mentioned. Cancer is staged from 1 to 4 based on the size and spread of the tumor.

1. CANCER
A DEADLY DISEASE

2. TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED
• WHAT IS CANCER?
• TYPES OF CANCER
• RAREST TYPE OF CANCER
• MOST DEADLY CANCER
• STAGES OF CANCER
• DISTRIBUTION OF CANCER IN INDIA

3. WHAT IS CANCER ?
• A disease caused by an uncontrolled
division of abnormal cells in a part of
the body which invade nearby tissues.
• Old cells don’t die & instead grow out of
control, form ABNORMAL cells
• Forms mass of tissues called TUMOUR

4. TYPES OF CANCER
• Melanoma
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Sarcoma
• Carcinoma

5. MELANOMA
Serious type of SKIN CANCER
• Form when pigment producing cells,
MELANOCYTES – Mutate &
become cancerous.
• UV exposure is main risk factor.
Avoiding sunburn is an effective way
to reduce the risk of skin cancer.

6. SYMPTOMS OF
MELANOMA
• Darkening of skin or lumps.
• Bigger mole diameter
• A skin sore that fails to heal.
• A red lump that bleeds or appears
ulcerated or crusty.

7. LEUKEMIA
BLOOD or BONE MARROW CANCER
LEUKA = White EMIA = Blood
• Abnormal increase of immature WBCs
called BLASTS .
• Hinders body’s ability to fight against
infection.

8. SYMPTOMS OF
LEUKEMIA
• Pain in bones and joints.
• Loss of appetite
• Bleeding
• Frequent infections
• RED SPOTS on skin

9. LYMPHOMA
• Affects LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
• Infection originates in fighting
cells of immune system.
• WBCs grows out of control.

11. SYMPTOMS OF
LYMPHOMA
• Swollen lymph nodes in neck and
underarms.
• Drenching night sweats.
• Generalised itching.
• Abdominal pain or swelling.
• Vomiting sensation.
• Anorexia

12. SARCOMA
Soft tissue Tumour
• Sarcoma= Fleshy growth
• Malignant tumours are found in soft
tissue.
• Spread to other parts of body.
• Develop in tissues like fat, muscle, nerve,
fibrous tissue, blood vessels.

13. SYMPTOMS OF
SARCOMA
HARD TO SPOT
• 1ST Sign is Painless lump, as lump
gets bigger it might press against
nerves or muscles and leads to
difficulty in BREATHING.

14. CARCINOMA
Most common BREAST CANCER
• Form in cells that make up the skin
or tissue lining organs , such as
lungs or kidney.
• Breast cancer cells spread to lungs
and cause Secondary breast cancer.

15. RAREST TYPE OF CANCER
• ADENOACANTHOMA
• ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA
• AGGRESSIVE NK-CELL LEUKEMIA
• ANGIOSARCOMA
• ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

16. PANCREATIC CANCER
THE MOST DEADLY CANCER
• Progresses rapidly
• No method of early detection
• 1 YEAR survival rate – 25%
• 5 YEAR survival rate – 6%

18. STAGES OF CANCER
1- 4 STAGES
• 1 STAGE – Cancer is relatively small & contained within the organ it
begins.
• 2 STAGE – Tumour larger than STAGE 1, don’t spread to
surrounding tissues.
• 3 STAGE – Cancer is larger, started to spread into surrounding
tissues.
• 4 STAGE - Spread from another body organ too called
SECONDARY or METASTATIC CANCER.