2. SKIN CANCER
• Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer.
• Skin cancers are either non-melanoma or melanoma.
• A persistent skin lesion that does not heal is highly sus
picious for malignancy and should be examined by a h
ealth care provider.
• Early detection and treatment can often lead to a highl
y favourable prognosis.
• The visibility of the skin lesions increases the likelihood
of early detection and diagnosis
3. TYPES OF SKIN C
ANCER
• Basal cell
• squamous
• melanoma
The main difference
between
melanomas and
other skin
cancers is that
melanoma can
metastasize
(spread) to
distant body sites
including the
lungs, liver or
brain.
4. Risk Factors for Skin Cancer
• Damage in the ozone layer
• Fair-skinned and fair-haired people due to insufficient skin pig
mentation
• Prolonged exposure to sun light.
• Exposure to chemical pollutants(arsenic, nitrates, coal, tar and
pitch, oils and paraffins)
• History of x-ray therapy for acne or benign lesions
• Scars from severe burns
• Chronic skin irritations immunosuppression
• Genetic factors
5.
6. BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
• BCC is the most common type of skin cancer.
• It generally appears on sun-exposed areas of
the body and is more prevalent in regions
where the population is subjected to intense
and extensive exposure to the sun.
• The incidence is proportional to the age of the
patient and the total amount of sun exposure,
and it is inversely proportional to the amount
of melanin in the skin.
7.
8. Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin most often occurs on sun-expo
sed skin, such as your scalp, the backs of your hands, your ears or y
our lips. But it can occur anywhere on your body, including inside yo
ur mouth, the bottoms of your feet and on your genitals.
Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in
clude:
•A firm, red nodule
•A flat sore with a scaly crust
•A new sore or raised area on an old scar or ulcer
•A rough, scaly patch on your lip that may evolve to an open sore
•A red sore or rough patch inside your mouth
•A red, raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on your gen
itals
9. Melanoma
•Melanoma can develop in any area of your body. It can even form on
your eyes and internal organs. The upper back is a common site in men
; legs are a common site in women. This is the most serious type of ski
n cancer because it can spread to other areas of your body.
•Signs and symptoms of melanoma include:
•A brown-pigmented patch or bump.
•A mole that changes in color, size or that bleeds.
•Thinking of the ABCDE rule tells you what signs to watch for:
•Asymmetry: irregular shape.
•Border: blurry or irregularly shaped edges.
•Color: mole with more than one color
•Diameter: larger than a pencil eraser (6 mm).Evolution: enlarging, cha
nging in shape, color, or size. (This is the most important sign.)
