By this ppt gain the knowledge about breast cancer to prevent the breast cancer rate of elder women and menopausal women

1. BREAST CANCER
PRESENTATION BY:
NAVEENKUMAR.R
3RD YEAR ,BSC NURSING,SVCN

2. DEFINITION
Breast cancer is a condition in which uncontrolled
over growth of breast cells.
Breast cancer is most cases occurred as malignant
tumors.

3. INCIDENCE
Breast cancer is second leading causes of death in developing
countries.
Its most of the cases occurred in americans and africans
Breast cancer mostly present in womens,but some cases recorded in
males breast cancer.
In india, most cases occurred in delhi, Mumbai,
Thiruvananthapuram,Chennai, erode, bangalore and Hyderabad.

4. CAUSES AND RISK FACTOR
• Family history of breast cancer
• Exposure of ionizing radiation
• Previous history of breast cancer
• History of colon and endometrial cancer
• Chronic alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Early menarche
• Late menopause

5. CAUSES AND RISK FACTOR
• obesity
• Have a no children
• Increased age
• Gender- females
• Chemical in the environment
• Race- Asian, American, African.
• Cancer-mouth, larynx, bladder,kidney
• Breast implants
• Induced abortion

6. TYPES OF BREAST CANCER
• Ductal carcinoma in situ
• Lobular carcinoma in situ
• Invasive(or infiltrating) lobular carcinoma
• Invasive( or infiltrating) ductal carcinoma
instead,inflammatory breast cancer
triple negative breast cancer
paget disease of the nipple
angiosarcoma

7. DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU
• Its considered as non invasive or pre invasive cancer
• Cancer present at lined the ducts have changed to look
like cancer cells.

8. LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU
• Cancers cells grows in the lobules of the milk producing
glands of the breast
• Its does not grows through the wall of the lobules.

9. INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA
• ILC starts in the milk producing gland(lobules).
• Its can spread to other parts also as metastasis.
• It detect by mammogram only.

10. INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA
• IDC starts in a milk producing duct of the breast and
breaks through the wall of the ducts
• Then grows into the fatty tissues of the breast.
• Its also can spread also to other body organ as
metastasize.

11. TYPES OF IDC
• INSTEAD,INFLAMMATORY BREAST CANCER :
makes the skin on the breast look red and feel warm.
Its caused by cancer cells blocking lymph vessels in the skin.
Its does not caused by infection and inflammation.
Breast may become larger, firmer and itchy.

12. • TRIPLE- NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER :
this cancer occurs whose cells lack of estrogen and
progesterone receptors.
Its occur in younger women(African and American)
It can spread quickly to other organ and also rapid grow.

13. • PAGET DISEASE OF THE NIPPLE:
Its starts in the breast ducts and spreads to the skin of the nipple.
And also spread areola appears crusted,scaly,redness and may bleeding or
oozing.

14. • ANGIOSARCOMA:
this cancer starts in cells that line blood vessels or lymph vessels.

15. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
• Painless mass in the breast in upper outer quadrant.
• Breast may palpable.
• Bloody discharge from nipple.
• Dimpling of the skin over the lesion
• Retraction of nipple
• Peau d’ orange(orange peel)
• Hard stony mass present
• Change in symmetry
• Edema,ulceration, thickening of skin.
• Warm,hot,pinkish may present
• Hypercalcemia may occurs metastas to bone.

16. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• History collection – previous and family history of cancer.
• Physical examination – detect mass, enlargement, lump.
• Breast self examination.
• Mammography – detect mass and location.
• Needle or surgical biopsy – detect cell type
• Ultrasonography – detect location and severity
• Bone scan and CT scan – detect tumor location
• Hormonal receptors assay – identify tumor as hormonal dependent.

17. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• CHEMOTHERAPHY:
cyclophosphamode , doxorubicin ,methotrexate and prednosone
HORMONE DEPENDENT CANCER:
antiestrogen drug – tamoxifen(nolvadex)
antiprogestin drug – mifepristone
RADIATION THERAPHY:
given before and after surgery

18. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
• LUMPECTOMY- remove axillary lymph nodes
• PARTIAL AND SEGEMENTAL MASTECTOMY- remove breast tissues and some lymph
nodes.
• SIMPLE AND TOTAL MASTECTOMY- remove all breast tissues.
• SUBCUTANEOUS MASTECTOMY- remove all breast tissues without skin and nipples.
• MOIDIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY – lymph node, chest muscle and pectroralis minor
muscle are removed.
• RADICAL MASTECTOMY- lymph nodes , minor and major breast tissues are removed.

19. PREVENTION
Long term follow up
Early diagnosis
Annual mammogram check up
Monthly breast self examination

20. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
• Acute pain r/t tissues trauma
• Anxiety and fear r/t disease and treatment
• Deficit knowledge r/t surgical procedure
Risk for ineffective breathing pattern r/t pain.