The document defines different types of shots, angles, and camera movements that can be used when filming. It provides descriptions of common shots like wide shots, close-ups, and point-of-view shots. It also explains different camera angles like high angles and low angles and how they can influence the audience's perspective. Additionally, it covers various camera movements like panning, tilting, tracking, and abrupt cuts and how they are used to transition between scenes or reveal new information.

1. Shot:
The distance between the camera and the subject.
Angle:
The level at which the camera is held relative to
the subject.
Movement:
Whether the camera is static or in motion during a
shot.

2. • Gives an overview of
the scene and allows
the audience to see
where things are
occurring.
• Often used at the start
of a scene to ‘establish’
where characters are in
relation to each other,
setting and props.
• Difficult to show details.

3. • Usually shows the
upper-half of a person’s
body.
• Good for conversations.
• It allows you to fit one
or two people into the
shot.
• Can still see the setting
of the scene in the
background.

4. • Focusses on a specific
thing, such as an actor’s
face or an object.
• It is very good for
drawing the audience’s
attention to important
things.
• Used sparingly and
deliberately.

5. • Focusses in a lot of
detail on a specific
detail of a person or
object, such as a
person’s eye or a word
written on a piece of
paper.
• Provides even greater
emphasis.
• Be careful of focus and
that it isn’t too jarring.

6. • The camera is at the
eye-level of the actor, or
is aimed straight at the
object.
• This is a standard shot.
Most of your shots will
be this.

7. • The camera is above the
eye-level of the actor, or
looks down at the
object.
• This can make the
person etc. seem
smaller, weaker, less
intimidating, scared,
sadder or less
threatening.

8. • The camera is below
the eye-level of the
actor, or looks up at the
object.
• This can make the
person etc. seem bigger,
more powerful,
confident, threatening
or overwhelming.

9. • The camera is held at an
obviously slanted angle.
• Conveys uncertainty,
chaos or madness.
• Used deliberately, it can
be very effective. If
overused, it looks
amateurish.
• It takes practise to get
the right angle.

10. • The shot is taken as if it
is from the point of
view of a specific
character (i.e. as if we
are looking through
their eyes).
• Need to establish
whose perspective you
are looking from,
usually through a
proceeding close-up
shot.

11. • One actor’s face is shown,
while the back of the
other actor’s head is
visible in the foreground
in frame.
• Very useful for dialogue
scenes, but takes
planning and may require
separate recording of
audio/dialogue.
• Be aware of the 180o rule
if switching between two
actors.

12. • The camera is in a fixed
position and does not
move.
• Usually the camera will be
attached to a tripod in
order to keep it steady.
This is a standard shot.
• If the camera is held in
your hand, small
movements will be
unavoidable.

13. • Smooth camera
movements.
• Panning is where you
turn the camera
horizontally.
• Tilting is where you turn
the camera vertically.
• Both can be used to
shift focus, bring new
things into a scene or to
reveal information.

14. • A smooth shot where
the camera moves as
steadily as possible.
• Slows down pacing,
looks professional.
• Can be achieved by using a
chair with wheels and
holding the camera as still
as possible while moving
along a flat surface.

15. • The camera moves,
usually in order to follow
a character, with small
shuddering movements.
• The trick is to try and hold
the camera as still as
possible while moving.
• Don’t shake your hand!
Natural hand tremors are
often enough – larger
movements result in a
loss of focus.

16. • Abrupt transition where
the camera doesn’t move
between shots.
• Makes it appear a
person/thing has moved
instantly from one place
to another or has
suddenly appeared.
• In films it is avoided
unless you deliberately
want a particularly jarring
effect.