Cambrian
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Millions of years ago, the Earth was much different than today due to terrible storms, volcanic eruptions, and meteor impacts shaping the planet. The earliest evidence of life on Earth comes from stromatolites dating back over 3 billion years ago. By around 570 million years ago, the Ediacaran fauna represented some of the earliest complex multicellular organisms. During the Cambrian explosion around 540 million years ago, there was an enormous diversification of life as many new forms of organisms began to appear in the fossil record, though some became extinct. Many bizarre animals lived in the seas during this time period, representing early ancestors of modern animal phyla.
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The geologic time scale is a system used to describe Earth's history by dividing it into units of time based on changes in lifeforms and rock layers. It begins over 4.6 billion years ago with the formation of Earth and extends to the present. Major divisions include eons like the Precambrian and Phanerozoic, eras like the Paleozoic and Cenozoic, and periods like the Jurassic and Quaternary. Life began as single-celled organisms and evolved over billions of years to include complex plants and animals, with major extinction events periodically wiping out many species. The current geologic period is the Quaternary, which began over 2 million years ago and includes the evolution
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The document summarizes major periods in geologic time from the Precambrian era to present day. It describes how trilobites and other early life evolved and adapted to changing environments over millions of years. Major events included the formation of Pangaea during the Paleozoic era and mass extinctions at the boundaries of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras. During the Mesozoic, dinosaurs and early mammals appeared while flowering plants evolved in the Cretaceous period. The Cenozoic era saw continued evolution of mammals, mountain building, and the emergence of humans.
What sparked the cambrian explosion 2016
- Recent discoveries from reef formations in Namibia and other sites suggest that a small increase in oxygen levels, rather than a large spike, may have crossed an ecological threshold that enabled the emergence of predators and triggered the Cambrian explosion of animal diversity. This predatory relationship likely set off an evolutionary arms race, leading to the rapid emergence of complex body types and behaviors seen in later periods. While oxygen was still important, it may not have needed to rise to modern levels to support this evolutionary burst.
Historical Geology Study Guide
Scientists study the Earth's history by examining rocks and dating them. The geological time scale divides Earth's lifetime into eras based on layers of rock and fossils. Relative dating involves placing rocks in proper sequence, while radiometric dating uses radioactive decay to determine ages. The oldest fossils date to around 3.8 billion years ago. Major periods include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Mass extinctions occurred, like at the end of the Permian, possibly due to asteroid impact. Humans have significantly impacted geology through pollution, deforestation, and species extinction.
A brief history of life.pdf.
This document provides an overview of the evolution of life on Earth from its earliest beginnings billions of years ago to the emergence of modern humans. It describes how simple organic compounds formed in the atmosphere and oceans of early Earth and eventually combined to form the first primitive cell. These single-celled organisms were the earliest life forms and evolved into more complex multicellular organisms over billions of years. Major evolutionary transitions included the emergence of photosynthesis, eukaryotic cells, sexual reproduction, and eventually the first vertebrates, land plants, dinosaurs, mammals, and the human species. Fossils provide evidence of how life has changed and diversified over the long history of the planet.
Prehistoric creatures by VK9
The document provides information about 12 different prehistoric creatures that lived in different eras from 460 million years ago to 65 million years ago. It describes each creature's type, size, diet, predators, and time period. Some of the creatures discussed include the giant mosasaur, a large marine reptile that was one of the top predators in the late Cretaceous seas, the giant orthocone, a jet-propelled cephalopod mollusk that was the largest animal on Earth 460 million years ago, and Hesperornis, a flightless bird that used its teeth to catch fish rather than wings.
EVOLUTION CLASS 12
About 2 billion years ago, the first single-celled organisms capable of releasing oxygen appeared on Earth. Over time, these single-celled life forms evolved into multicellular plants and algae. By 500 million years ago, invertebrates had formed and jawless fish had evolved around 350 million years ago. Seaweeds and some plants also existed around 320 million years ago. A fish called lobefins discovered in South Africa in 1938 was thought to be able to live on land and water, and was an ancestor of modern frogs and salamanders.
Geological time scale- Haeden to Recent
The document provides an overview of the geological time scale, which divides Earth's history into eons, eras, periods, and epochs based on fossil evidence. The Paleozoic era saw the evolution of early life, including fish, amphibians, and reptiles. It ended with the largest mass extinction, the Permian-Triassic extinction. The Mesozoic era that followed was dominated by reptiles such as dinosaurs. It included the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods and ended with the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction.
Trials and Tribulations Chapter 5 - Cambrian period
CAMBRIAN IS THE FIRST PERIOD OF PALEOZOIC ERA OF PHANEROZOIC EON . MARKING A NEW BEGINING IN THE HISTORY OF LIFE - BACTERIA ALGAE FUNGI WERE FLOURISHING -APART FROM THE SEA THEY WERE ENCRUSTING THE LAND ALSO MAINLY NEAR THE SHORES fIRST TIME ANIMALS LOOKING LIKE MODERN PHYLA WERE SEEN AND ALL SEAS WERE FULL OF NEW SPECIES MANY SO BEAUTIFUL AND COLOURFUL IT WAS ATREAT TO BEHOLD .
SRJ-earthday-mass extinction.pptx
The document discusses 5 major mass extinctions that have occurred in Earth's history. Mass extinctions refer to the extinction of a large number of species within a short period of time across the globe. The biggest mass extinction was the Permian-Triassic extinction about 252 million years ago, which killed off around 95% of all species. Causes of mass extinctions included climate change, asteroid impacts, volcanic eruptions, and changes in sea levels. The 6th mass extinction is currently underway due to human activity such as pollution, habitat destruction, and overexploitation of resources. Up to 50% of all species may go extinct by 2100 if human impacts are not addressed.
Origin of Men
The document summarizes the evolution of men from early sea creatures through different periods. In the Triassic period, therapsids and early dinosaurs evolved. The Jurassic period saw the rise of large sauropods and theropods. During the Cretaceous, dinosaurs diversified with raptors, tyrannosaurs, and feathered dinosaurs. Eventually, simple apes evolved into humans, as proposed by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. One of the oldest known human bones is Lucy, an Australopithecus afarensis fossil from 3.2 million years ago.
Evolutionary history of vertebrates
Vertebrates originated around 525 million years ago during the Cambrian Explosion. The first vertebrates were jawless fish that relied on filter feeding, followed by armored fish with paired fins, cartilaginous fish like sharks, and then bony fish. Amphibians were the first to live on land during the Carboniferous period, retaining aquatic eggs and larvae. Reptiles then arose and were better adapted to land, with hard-shelled eggs, scaly skin, and powerful legs that allowed greater mobility away from water. Birds evolved from reptiles in the early Jurassic by developing adaptations like feathers and hollow bones that enabled flight. The last class, mammals, also evolved from reptiles
Origin and evolution of reptiles
The document summarizes the evolution and history of reptiles. It states that reptiles arose from amphibians around 350 million years ago during the Carboniferous period. The earliest reptiles were small insect-eating lizards. Reptiles then diversified and became the dominant land vertebrates by the Permian period. During the Mesozoic era, various reptile groups flourished, especially dinosaurs which appeared in a wide variety of forms. However, most dinosaurs went extinct around 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period, likely due to an asteroid impact that caused climate change. Despite this mass extinction, modern reptile orders like turtles, lizards, snakes and crocodiles survived
Evolution of FROG
Approximately 360 million years ago, the first amphibians left the sea and were successful on land due to a lack of predators. Triadobatrachus, dating back 250 million years, was an early frog-like amphibian found in Madagascar that retained primitive characteristics like a short tail and 14 vertebrae compared to modern frogs' 4-9 vertebrae. While frogs evolved adaptations over 300 million years ago and remain widespread today, they are among the most threatened creatures due to factors like pollution, global warming, and disease, with amphibians at risk of being the first major group of vertebrates to go extinct.
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Cambrian
- 2. THE EARTH DIDN'T LOOK AS TODAY
- 3. TERRIBLE STORMS, VOLCANIC EXPLOSSIONS, METEOR IMPACTS HURT EARTH
- 4. After millions years of volcanic eruptions
- 5. While the lava was changing the earth's face
- 6. ... and huge steam clouds was covering the sky
- 7. ON THE OCEAN FLOOR
- 10. STROMATOLITES ARE THE FIRST FOSSIL THAT AGE Stromatolites are commonly thought to have been formed by cementation of sedimentary grains by microorganisms, especially cyanobacteria (formerly known as blue-green algae) Shark Bay (Australia)
- 11. 570 MILLIONS YEARS AGO
- 12. The Ediacaran fauna are ancient lifeforms, of the Ediacaran Period, that represent the earliest known complex multicellular organisms.
- 13. Trilobite precursor Coral precursor Jellyfish precursor
- 14. But, a rough ice age fell on Earth
- 15. Many millions years after, life was coming back to born
- 16. 540 MILLIONS YEARS AGO
- 17. EARTH HAS OTHER CONTINENT GRUPS
- 18. AND VERY STRANGE ANIMALS LIVED IN THE SEA
- 19. THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION DESCRIBES THE MAJOR DIVERSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS. IT IS A CHALlENGE TO EVOLUTION
- 20. DURING THE CAMBRIAN A LOT OF LIFE MODELS WAS TRYING, BUT SOME OFF THEM VANISH OF THE FACE EARTH
- 21. ANOMALOCARIS: ARTHROPODA. IT WAS A GIGANTIC CREATURE, NEARBY 2 METER. THE BIGGEST PREDATOR BY THE AGE
- 22. HALLUCIGENIA. ONICOPHORAN? ITS NAME IS AS ITS BODY, A HALLUCINATION
- 23. OPABINIA. IT LIVED ON TOP OF THE SOFT SEDIMENT ON THE SEABED
- 24. PIKAIA. CHORDATE. PERHAPS IT IS THE OLDEST KNOWN ANCESTOR OF MODERN VERTEBRATES, INCLUDED THE HUMANS
- 25. MARELLA. ARTHROPODA IT FED ON ORGANIC PARTICLES AND IT WAS CAPABLE OF WALKING AND SWIMMING
- 26. WIWAXIA: MOLLUSK OR ANELID ?
- 27. PERSPICARIS WAS A STRENGE BIVALVED ARTHROPOD
- 28. AYSHEAIA ONICOPHORA. VELVET WARM IT LIVED WITHIN SPONGE COLONIES AND MAY HAVE PROTECTED ITSELF FROM PREDATORS
- 29. HAPLOPHRENTIS. MOLLUSK? THEY ARE ENIGMATIC ANIMALS WITH SMALL CONICAL SHELLS. THEY ARE CARNIVORES
- 30. POLYCHAETEWORM BRANCHIOCHARIS OLENELLUS CRINOIDEUS BURGESSIA NECTORASIS DYCTIOPHICUS BRACHIOPODOS VUAXIA PIRANIA
- 32. 500 MILLIONS YEARS AGO
- 33. THE LIFE WENT OUT THE WATER FOR CONQUER EARTH
- 34. TO BE CONTINUED ...