This document summarizes the classification, nomenclature, and displacement diagrams of cams and followers. It describes radial and cylindrical cams based on the direction of follower motion relative to the cam axis. Followers are classified by the contact surface and motion, including knife edge, roller, flat, and spherical types, and reciprocating vs. rotating motion. Nomenclature for key cam and follower components is also defined, such as the cam profile, base circle, pitch curve, and pressure angle. Examples of cam configurations and calculations of maximum velocity and acceleration are provided.

1. • Classification of
cams.
• Classification of
followers.
• Nomenclature.
• Displacement
diagram of a
follower.
Presentation prepared by :
Kunj Thummar

2. • A Cam is a
rotating element
which transfers its
rotary motion into
reciprocating
motion or
oscillating motion
to another
element known as
Follower .

4. • In radial cam
the follower
reciprocates
or oscillates
in a direction
perpendicular
to the cam
axis.

5. In cylindrical cam the
follower reciprocates
or oscillates in the
direction parallel to
the cam axis .

6. A) According to the surface in contact :
- Knife edge follower
- Roller follower
- Flat faced follower
- Spherical follower
B) According to the motion of the follower :
- Reciprocating follower
- Rotating follower
C) According to the path of the motion of follower :
- Radial follower
- Offset follower

7. Knife edge follower :
When contacting end of
the follower has a sharp
knife edge, it is called
as a knife edge follower.
Roller follower :
When the connecting end
of the follower is a roller,
it is known as a roller
follower.

8. Flat faced follower :
When the contacting
surface of the follower is
perfectly flat, it is known
as flat faced follower.
Spherical follower :
When the contacting
surface of the follower is
un spherical shape, it is
known as a spherical
follower.

9. Reciprocating follower :
When the follower
reciprocates in guides as the
cams rotates uniformly, it is
known as reciprocating
follower .
Oscillating follower :
When the uniform rotary
motion of the cam is
converted into the
predetermined oscillatory
motion of the follower, it is
known as oscillating follower .

10. Radial follower :
When the motion of the
follower is along the axis
passing through the cam
axis, it is known as a radial
follower .
Off – set follower :
When the motion of the
follower is along an axis
away from the axis of cam
center, it is known as a off-
set follower .

11. NOMENCLATURE

12. Cam profile :
It is the outer surface
of the disc cam.
Base circle :
It is the shortest
radius from the cam
center to any part of
the cam profile.
Pitch curve :
It is the path
generated by the
trace point as the
follower is rotated by
a stationary cam.

13. Prime circle :
It is the smallest circle from
the cam center through the
pitch curve.
Pressure angle :
It is the angle between the
direction of follower and
perpendicular to pitch
circle.
Pitch point :
It corresponds the point of
maximum pressure angle.

14. Pitch circle :
It is the circle drawn from
the cam center and
passes through the pitch
point.
Stroke :
It is the greatest diameter
or angle to which the
follower moves or rotates.

15. • Follower type = Knife edged, in-line; lift = 50mm;
base circle radius = 50mm; out stroke with SHM,
for 600 cam rotation; dwell for 450 cam rotation;
return stroke with SHM, for 900 cam rotation;
dwell for the remaining period. Determine max.
velocity and acceleration during out stroke and
return stroke if the cam rotates at 1000 rpm in
clockwise direction.

16. Stroke length = 50mm
Rise period = 60° ( SHM )
Dwell period = 45°
Fall period = 90° ( SHM )

17. • Follower type = roller follower, in-line; lift =
25mm; base circle radius = 20mm; roller radius =
5mm; out stroke with UARM, for 1200 cam
rotation; dwell for 600 cam rotation; return stroke
with UARM, for 900 cam rotation; dwell for the
remaining period. Determine max. velocity and
acceleration during out stroke and return stroke if
the cam rotates at 1200 rpm in clockwise
direction.

18. • Stroke length = 265mm
Rise period = 120° ( UAM )
Dwell period = 60°
Fall period = 90° ( URM )

19. 1) THEORY OF MACHINES
R.S. Khurmi & J.K. Gupta
S. Chand publication
2015 edition
2) KINEMATICS OF MACHINES
F. Sayad
Techmax publication
2015 edition
3) www.google.com (images)
data as on 18-7-2016