This document provides instructions for designing and implementing a network with Packet Tracer, including: defining the network needs with servers, workstations, switches, and routers; connecting local area networks with routers and wide area network links; configuring IP addresses, subnets, and static routes; and testing connectivity between devices. The network will connect headquarters and a branch office across two locations.

1. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A
NETWORK WITH PACKET
TRACER
IT: Network: Cisco 1
Fall 2013

2. Last few weeks, we…
¨ … looked at subnetting IPv4 network addresses.
¨ … designed a subnetting structure based on the
number of networks only.
¤ Not terribly efficient
¨ … designed a subnetting structure based on the
number of hosts on each network.
¤ VLSM

3. Let’s put it all together
¨ Build a network – what do we need?
¤ Server(s)?
¤ Workstation(s)?
¤ What else?
¨ Suppose we have 2 locations
¤ HQ here in Green Bay
¤ Branch office in Omaha
¨ Let’s sketch it out…

4. My list
¨ Workstations and Servers “in an appropriate number”
¨ Switch for each physical LAN
¤ If need more than one switch on a LAN that’s fine
¨ Tie our networks together
¤ Routers – one per network?
n Assuming router has two interfaces
¤ Cables
n Ethernet – straight-through and cross-over
n WAN/Serial for between routers

5. Look at Lab from last week
¨ How many routers?
¨ How tie routers together?
¨ What “makes” a LAN?
¨ How connect router
to LAN?
LAN B
800 Hosts
LAN C
2,000 Hosts
LAN A
6,000 Hosts
LAN D
1,000 Hosts
WAN A-B WAN A-C WAN A-D

6. WAN Links
¨ Plain Old Telephone System (POTS)
=up to 56 Kbps
¨ T1=1.544 Mbps
¨ T3=44.736 Mbps (21 T1’s)
¨ ADSL = 16−784 Kbps up; 1−9 Mbps down
¨ Cable modem = 512Kbps − 54Mbps
HQ
Branch Office
WAN link

7. Connect to WAN
¨ Old School − Dial-up to POTS è Modem

8. Connect to WAN Links
¨ DTE (our router) needs to connect to WAN
¨ DCE is “modem-like” device that does the connect
¨ A CSU/DSU is the DCE for connection to T1

9. DTE/DCE Cable
¨ Used in lab / testing environment to simulate a WAN
link
¨ Sort of a “cross-over” for WAN.
¨ One side needs to take role of providing clock signal
¤ Typically done by CSU/DSU
¨ Side with the DCE end sets clock
¤ ONLY done by the side with the DCE!

10. OK… Let’s implement one…
¨ Need to create LANs
¤ Switch for each LAN
¨ Need to implement
Workstations and Servers
¤ For simulation, one WS and one Server per LAN is enough
¨ Need to connect LANs
¤ Routers – one for each LAN
n Used to connect LAN to Serial WAN

11. Packet Tracer – Build a LAN
¨ Add Switch
¨ Add Workstation
¨ Add Server
¨ Connect them
Straight-Through Cross-Over

12. Connect LAN nodes
¨ Workstation to Switch è Straight-through Copper
¤ FastEthernet
¨ Server to Switch è Straight-through Copper
¤ FastEthernet
¨ Router to Switch èStraight-through Copper
¤ FastEthernet 0/0 or FastEthernet 0/1

13. Packet Tracer: Inter-Connect LANs
¨ Add Router
¨ Add Router Interfaces (most likely needed)
¤ POWER OFF Router
Power
Empty Slot
2-Serial Port
Module

14. PT – Inter-Connect LANs continues
¨ Router to Router è Serial DCE cable
¤ DCE = Data Communication Equipment
n Controls the comm. line (like a Modem of old)
¤ DTE = Data Terminal Equipment
n Actual end-node device (like a PC)
¨ On router, use Serial 0/0/0, Serial 0/0/1,
Serial 0/1/0, or Serial 0/1/1
¨ DCE provides clock signal on WAN link
¤ One router on each Serial line must provide clock
Serial DCE

15. Configure Devices: IP Design
¨ IP network ID: 172.16.0.0 /16
Subnet
Name
Needed
Size
Allocated
Size
Address
Mask
Dec
Mask
Assignable
Range
LAN
A
800
1022
172.16.0.0
/22
255.255.252.0
172.16.0.1
–
172.16.3.254
LAN
B
200
254
172.16.4.0
/24
255.255.255.0
172.16.4.1
–
172.16.4.254
WAN
2
2
172.16.5.0
/30
255.255.255.252
172.16.5.1
–
172.16.5.2

16. Configure Devices in PT
¨ Workstations and Servers
¤ Statically assign “Appropriate” addresses for that
subnet
¤ Click the Object - Desktop - IP Config

17. Config Routers in PT
¨ Connection to LAN should be First valid host in that
subnet
¨ Connection to other Router should be valid for that
subnet (only two choices)

18. PT Router Config
¨ Click Object - Config - interface
¨ FastEthernet 0/0
IP Config
Activate it

19. PT Router Serial Config
¨ Click Object - Config - interface
¨ Serial 0/0/0
IP Config
Activate it
Set clock rate
on DCE side of
connection

20. Static Routes on the Router
¨ By default, routers only know about the networks
they are directly connected to.
¤ Need to “learn” about non-connected networks.

21. PT- Static Routes
¨ One solution is create a static route to non-
connected networks.
¨ Click Object - Config - Static (under Routing)
Remote Network
Or 0.0.0.0 for default
Netmask of remote net
Or 0.0.0.0 for default
Router that is “closer”
to the destination net

22. Save PT Router Config
¨ Cisco Routers get configuration from
startup-config file at boot time
¨ Need to save our settings to that file in NVRAM
¨ Click Object - Settings

23. Test it
¨ From simulated Workstation, start pinging your default
gateway and work progressively further away
¤ Click Object - Desktop - Command prompt
1
2
3
4
5

24. Summary
¨ We’ve looked at IP addressing
¤ Address; Subnet Mask; Gateway
¨ We’ve looked at Full Octet Subnetting
¨ We’ve looked at Partial Octet Subnetting
¨ We’ve designed a subnetting scheme with a fixed
length subnet mask
¨ We’ve designed a subnetting scheme with a variable
length subnet mask (VLSM)
¨ We’ve talked about applying our plan (assigning
addresses)
¨ Now we are ready to do it (Yay)!