1) A new converter topology for closed loop speed control of a switched reluctance motor is proposed, consisting of half-bridge IGBT modules and SCRs.
2) The proposed converter topology aims to improve upon the conventional asymmetric bridge converter by enhancing utilization of switching devices.
3) Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink validate the operation of the proposed converter topology in both open loop and closed loop configurations for driving a switched reluctance motor.
Performance Analysis of Current Controlled Three Phase Switched Reluctance Motoridescitation
Switched Reluctance Motor is an old member of Electrical Machines Family.It’s
simple structures and ruggedness and inexpensive manufacturing capability make it more
attractive for industrial application. However these merits are overshadowed by inherent
high torque ripple, acoustic noise and difficulty to control. In proposed converter, the
hysteresis
current control technique is applied
for analysis of three phase 6/4
Switched Reluctance motor. Using this technique ,torque, current, and flux linkage speed
curves of SRM are obtained at no load and load condition by MATLAB /SIMULINK.
Index Terms—
This document describes a double-rotor switched reluctance machine (DRSRM) that could be used as a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. A DRSRM contains two rotors and one stator within a single machine housing. The two rotors can be independently operated and controlled, allowing the machine to output power and torque from two independent drive shafts. This integrated design is potentially more compact, lower cost, and enables two mechanical outputs suitable for hybrid electric transmissions. The document outlines the configuration, design, simulation, optimization, and testing of a DRSRM prototype.
This paper presents the review of design variables optimization and control strategies of a Linear Switched Reluctance Actuator (LSRA). The introduction of various type of linear electromagnetic actuators (LEA) are compared and the advantages of LSRA over other LEA are discussed together with the type of actuator configurations and topologies. The SRA provides an overall efficiency similar to induction actuator of the similar rating, subsequently the friction and windage losses are comparable but force density is better. LSRA has the advantage of low cost, simple construction and high reliability compare to the actuator with permanent magnet. However, LSRA also has some obvious defects which will influence the performance of the actuator such as ripples and acoustic noise which are caused by the highly nonlinear characteristics of the actuator. By researching the design variables of the actuator, the influences of those design variables are introduced and the detail comparisons are analyzed in this paper. In addition, this paper also reviews on the control strategies in order to overcome the weaknesses of LSRA.
special electrical motor(switched reluctance motor)Srihari Datta
Switched reluctance motors have several advantages over traditional motors, including a simple and robust structure without windings or permanent magnets on the rotor. Torque is produced through the tendency of the rotor poles to align with excited stator poles. The motor has a doubly salient pole structure and nonlinear magnetic characteristics, which can cause torque ripple problems. The motor consists of concentrated stator coils and no coils or magnets on the rotor. Multiple stator/rotor pole combinations are possible. Torque is produced by controlling the timing of current pulses in the stator phases using power electronics. The motor can operate over a wide speed range at high efficiency using various control strategies to regulate the current pulses.
Different type s of power converters fed relutanceSambit Dash
This document presents a comparison of six converter types for a 3-phase 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM). It summarizes the operation and simulation results of R-dump, C-dump, C-dump with freewheeling transistor, asymmetric, series, and parallel converters. The asymmetric bridge converter is identified as best for high speeds due to its fast current fall and rise times. Motor parameters and conclusions are also provided in less than 3 sentences.
Design of Switched Reluctance Motor for Three Wheeler Electric Vehicleidescitation
Switched Reluctance M achines (SRM ) offer
attractive attributes for automotive applications. Low cost, high
reliability, and competitive weight and efficiency combine to
make the switched reluctance (SR) motor drive a strong
candidate for application in future electric vehicle (EV)
propulsion systems. This paper proposes a methodology to
determine separately the peak and continuous power ratings
of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) for electric propulsion
of an electric vehicle (EV).same machine have to deliver peak
and continuous power for different road load condition of
vehicle. Then gives switched reluctance design guidelines for
battery operated electric vehicles. Finally, it presents the
design and simulation of a switched reluctance motor power
train.
This document discusses variable switch reluctance motors (VSRM). It describes the basic components and operation of a VSRM, including how torque is produced through energizing winding pairs in a precise sequence. The document also compares VSRMs to other motor types and discusses their advantages like low material cost and ability to be precisely programmed to match different loads. Control of VSRMs requires switching winding excitation on and off using techniques like advanced DSP control schemes. Both advantages and shortcomings of VSRMs are examined.
This paper presents a design and development of 8/6 switched reluctance motor for small electric vehicle using analytical method. The absent of permanent magnet, inherent fault tolerance capabilities, simple and robust construction make this motor become more attractive for small electric vehicle application such as electric scooter and go-kart. The switched reluctance motor is modelled using analytical formula in designing process. Later, the designed model is analyzed using ANSYS RMxprt software. In order to achieve 5kW power rating and to match with the design requirement, the switched reluctance motor model has been analyzed using RMxprt tools for the preliminary parameters design process. This tools is able to predict the output performance of motor in term of speed, flux linkage characteristic, output torque and efficiency.
Performance Analysis of Current Controlled Three Phase Switched Reluctance Motoridescitation
Switched Reluctance Motor is an old member of Electrical Machines Family.It’s
simple structures and ruggedness and inexpensive manufacturing capability make it more
attractive for industrial application. However these merits are overshadowed by inherent
high torque ripple, acoustic noise and difficulty to control. In proposed converter, the
hysteresis
current control technique is applied
for analysis of three phase 6/4
Switched Reluctance motor. Using this technique ,torque, current, and flux linkage speed
curves of SRM are obtained at no load and load condition by MATLAB /SIMULINK.
Index Terms—
This document describes a double-rotor switched reluctance machine (DRSRM) that could be used as a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. A DRSRM contains two rotors and one stator within a single machine housing. The two rotors can be independently operated and controlled, allowing the machine to output power and torque from two independent drive shafts. This integrated design is potentially more compact, lower cost, and enables two mechanical outputs suitable for hybrid electric transmissions. The document outlines the configuration, design, simulation, optimization, and testing of a DRSRM prototype.
This paper presents the review of design variables optimization and control strategies of a Linear Switched Reluctance Actuator (LSRA). The introduction of various type of linear electromagnetic actuators (LEA) are compared and the advantages of LSRA over other LEA are discussed together with the type of actuator configurations and topologies. The SRA provides an overall efficiency similar to induction actuator of the similar rating, subsequently the friction and windage losses are comparable but force density is better. LSRA has the advantage of low cost, simple construction and high reliability compare to the actuator with permanent magnet. However, LSRA also has some obvious defects which will influence the performance of the actuator such as ripples and acoustic noise which are caused by the highly nonlinear characteristics of the actuator. By researching the design variables of the actuator, the influences of those design variables are introduced and the detail comparisons are analyzed in this paper. In addition, this paper also reviews on the control strategies in order to overcome the weaknesses of LSRA.
special electrical motor(switched reluctance motor)Srihari Datta
Switched reluctance motors have several advantages over traditional motors, including a simple and robust structure without windings or permanent magnets on the rotor. Torque is produced through the tendency of the rotor poles to align with excited stator poles. The motor has a doubly salient pole structure and nonlinear magnetic characteristics, which can cause torque ripple problems. The motor consists of concentrated stator coils and no coils or magnets on the rotor. Multiple stator/rotor pole combinations are possible. Torque is produced by controlling the timing of current pulses in the stator phases using power electronics. The motor can operate over a wide speed range at high efficiency using various control strategies to regulate the current pulses.
Different type s of power converters fed relutanceSambit Dash
This document presents a comparison of six converter types for a 3-phase 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM). It summarizes the operation and simulation results of R-dump, C-dump, C-dump with freewheeling transistor, asymmetric, series, and parallel converters. The asymmetric bridge converter is identified as best for high speeds due to its fast current fall and rise times. Motor parameters and conclusions are also provided in less than 3 sentences.
Design of Switched Reluctance Motor for Three Wheeler Electric Vehicleidescitation
Switched Reluctance M achines (SRM ) offer
attractive attributes for automotive applications. Low cost, high
reliability, and competitive weight and efficiency combine to
make the switched reluctance (SR) motor drive a strong
candidate for application in future electric vehicle (EV)
propulsion systems. This paper proposes a methodology to
determine separately the peak and continuous power ratings
of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) for electric propulsion
of an electric vehicle (EV).same machine have to deliver peak
and continuous power for different road load condition of
vehicle. Then gives switched reluctance design guidelines for
battery operated electric vehicles. Finally, it presents the
design and simulation of a switched reluctance motor power
train.
This document discusses variable switch reluctance motors (VSRM). It describes the basic components and operation of a VSRM, including how torque is produced through energizing winding pairs in a precise sequence. The document also compares VSRMs to other motor types and discusses their advantages like low material cost and ability to be precisely programmed to match different loads. Control of VSRMs requires switching winding excitation on and off using techniques like advanced DSP control schemes. Both advantages and shortcomings of VSRMs are examined.
This paper presents a design and development of 8/6 switched reluctance motor for small electric vehicle using analytical method. The absent of permanent magnet, inherent fault tolerance capabilities, simple and robust construction make this motor become more attractive for small electric vehicle application such as electric scooter and go-kart. The switched reluctance motor is modelled using analytical formula in designing process. Later, the designed model is analyzed using ANSYS RMxprt software. In order to achieve 5kW power rating and to match with the design requirement, the switched reluctance motor model has been analyzed using RMxprt tools for the preliminary parameters design process. This tools is able to predict the output performance of motor in term of speed, flux linkage characteristic, output torque and efficiency.
This document analyzes linear switched reluctance motors (LSRM). It begins by describing conventional switched reluctance motors (SRM) and their working principles. It then discusses the construction, working, and advantages of LSRM compared to SRM. Key differences between SRM and LSRM are that LSRM provide linear motion rather than rotational motion and have higher efficiency and power density. The document also covers applications of SRM and concludes by listing topics to be covered in a future review.
This document discusses different types of driver circuits used in switched reluctance motors (SRM). It describes five main types: 1) two power semiconductor switching devices and two diodes per phase, 2) (n+1) power semiconductor switching devices and (n+1) diodes, 3) phase winding using bifilar wires, 4) split-link circuit used with even number of phases, and 5) C-dump circuit. Each type is then explained in more detail regarding its operation and advantages/disadvantages. References used to research SRM driver circuits are also provided.
1) The document discusses models for permanent magnet motor drives, specifically the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and brushless DC motor (BDCM).
2) It explains that the PMSM has a sinusoidal back EMF and requires sinusoidal currents, while the BDCM has a trapezoidal back EMF and requires rectangular currents.
3) The paper argues that a d-q axis model is suitable for modeling the PMSM, while an ABC phase variable model should be used for the BDCM due to its non-sinusoidal inductances.
The document discusses vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). It begins by describing the dynamic model of a PMSM, including assumptions made about the rotor flux. It then derives the stator equations in the rotor reference frame to model the PMSM similarly to an induction motor. Vector control of the PMSM is then derived from its dynamic model to decouple the torque and flux channels by controlling the stator currents in the d-q reference frame. This allows controlling the PMSM similarly to a separately excited DC motor.
Mathematical Modelling of an 3 Phase Induction Motor Using MATLAB/Simulink IJMER
Mechanical energy is needed in the daily life use as well as in the industry. Induction motors
play a very important role in both worlds, because of low cost, reliable operation, robust operation and low
maintenance. To derive the mathematical model of a 3 phase Induction motor, the theory of reference
frames has been effectively used as an efficient approach. Dynamic models (mathematical models) are
employed in to better understand the behaviour of induction motor in both transient and steady state. The
dynamic modelling sets all the mechanical equations for the inertia, torque and speed versus time. It also
models all the differential voltage, currents and flux linkages between the stationary stator as well as the
moving rotor. This paper presents a step by step Matlab/Simulink implementation of an induction machine
using dq0 axis transformations of the stator and rotor variables in the arbitrary reference frame [1].
This document summarizes the modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in Simulink. It describes how a PMSM is modeled in the rotor synchronous reference frame using Park equations. It discusses how the electromagnetic torque produced by the motor depends on the quadrature stator current. It also describes how the speed is controlled by controlling the electromagnetic torque through regulating the quadrature current. Finally, it presents the simulation results for the currents, torque, and speed of the modeled PMSM motor.
In recent years, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) are increasing
applied in several areas such as generation, traction, automobiles, robotics and aerospace
technology. Basically PMSG topology has been beneficial for slow speed and variable speed
operation and steady state output power produced in operation. PMSG is a part of
synchronous machine family, so its construction features almost equivalent to synchronous
machine.
With respect of designing a PMSG, the permanent magnetic pole lies on the rotor and
armature winding are in the inner part of stator that is electrically connected to the load.
Armature winding consists of the set of three conductors which has phase difference 1200
apart to each other and providing a uniform force or torque on the generator’s rotor. To
operate PMGS, it is connected to wind turbine through a shaft without gear box and rotate at
slow speed. This uniform torque produced by the resultant magnetic flux which induces
current in the armature winding. The stator magnetic field combined spatially with rotor
magnetic flux and rotates as the same speed of the rotor. So the two magnetic fields
synchronously rotate in PGSM to maintain the relative motion of rotor and stator.
Thus the permanent magnets rotates at constant speed without any DC excitation system,
which means it has not required any slip rings and contact brushes to make it more reliability
or efficient.
This paper is intended to study and compare the operation of two methods for estimating the position/ speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under sliding mode control. The first method is a model reference adaptive system (MRAS). The second method based on sliding mode observer (SMO). The stability condition of Sliding Mode Observer was verified using the Lyapunov method to make sure that the observer is stable in converging to the sliding mode plane. In this paper the performances of the proposed two algorithms are analyzed using SIMULINK/MATLAB. The simulations results are presented to verify the proposed sensorless control algorithms and can resolve the problem of load disturbance effects by simulations which verify that the two closed-loop control system is robust with respect to torque disturbance rejection.
Design of a wind power generation system using a permanent magnet synchronous...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents a wind power system using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM). The whole system consists of a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous machine, a three phase diode rectifier, a boost converter, a transformer-less step down circuit, an H-bridge inverter and a T-LCL filter. The 3-phase AC output from the PMSM is sent to the 3-phase diode rectifier for conversion to DC and a boost regulator is used to step-up this DC voltage to the desired level. This step-upped DC voltage is then converted into AC output by the H-Bridge inverter. The switching technique of the proposed inverter consists of a combination of Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and a square wave along with grid synchronization conditions. As the suggested method is entirely transformer-less, it significantly reduces Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) to less than 0.1% and minimizes its size. The T-LCL Immittance Converter not only reduces the harmonics of the inverter output but also provides a nearly constant output current thereby stabilizing the system. The system setup and the simulation results were obtained using the PSIM software. Keywords: Wind Turbine, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, Boost Converter, Step- down Circuit, T-LCL Immittance Converter, Inverter
Design, Modeling and Analysis of Linear Switched Reluctance Motor for Ground ...IOSR Journals
The document summarizes the design, modeling, and analysis of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) suitable for ground transit applications. LSRMs can generate linear motion without additional mechanical components, eliminating issues like backlash and elasticity in traditional belt or spindle drives. The paper presents the design and mathematical modeling of an LSRM, including its operating principle, longitudinal and transverse flux path configurations, inductance profile derivation based on machine dimensions, and applications in material handling and transport systems.
This ppt shows the modelling and simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor by using torque control method.
And this is the most advanced and soffestigated method to control the pmsm motors.
Design, Modelling& Simulation of Double Sided Linear Segmented Switched Reluc...IOSR Journals
This document presents the design, modeling, and simulation of a double-sided linear segmented switched reluctance motor (LSSRM). The LSSRM is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show current, inductance, torque, and speed characteristics. A 6/4 LSSRM is designed and compared to a conventional SRM and segmented SRM (SSRM) of the same power rating. The LSSRM design uses concentric windings instead of full pitch windings, reducing copper usage and weight. Simulation results validate the LSSRM model and control strategy. The LSSRM provides higher torque than SRM and SSRM for the same frame size due to increased aligned inductance.
Stator flux oriented vector control of wind driven self excited induction gen...Alexander Decker
This document discusses stator flux oriented vector control of a wind-driven self-excited induction generator connected to the grid through a cycloconverter. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed to simulate the system. Key points:
1. A stator flux oriented control scheme is used to regulate the voltage and frequency of the self-excited induction generator.
2. A cycloconverter is used to interface the generator output to the grid, which helps eliminate harmonics but results in lower output voltage. This is compensated using a step-up transformer.
3. Simulation results under load and fault conditions like sudden load and short circuit are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in regulating
Induction Motor Tests Using MATLAB/SimulinkGirish Gupta
This project describes MATLAB/Simulink implementation of three induction motor tests, namely DC, No-Load, and Blocked-Rotor tests which are performed to identify equivalent circuit parameters of an Induction Machine. These simulation models are developed to support and enhance electric machinery education at the undergraduate level.
BLDC motor is the permanent magnet synchronous motor designed to have a trapezoidal back emf. Due to rugged construction, less control complexity, higher power density, variable speed over a wide range and flexibility to select the rotor construction suitable for particular application, it is being viewed as an alternative for conventional a.c. motors right from residential to commercial & aerospace systems. Rotation of BLDC motor is achieved by energizing the stator phases in a sequence, which depends on the rotor position. Hall sensors are used to detect the exact position of the rotor. This paper presents design of BLDC motor drive. For the purpose of demonstration, the popularly used loads are considered for industrial application, electric traction system.
Hardware implememtation of open end winding based multi levelsuvarnadasan
This document describes a project to implement an open-end winding based multilevel inverter. The project aims to drive a three-phase induction motor using two dual 2-level inverters. By opening the neutral point of the stator windings and feeding both sides with separate inverters, 3-level inversion is achieved. The basic circuit uses two 2-level inverters to generate pole voltages that result in stepped phase voltages to drive the motor. This provides improved power quality over conventional 2-level inverters.
This document discusses D.C. motors. It begins by explaining that D.C. motors are advantageous for special applications that require converting alternating current to direct current, as D.C. motors have superior speed/torque characteristics compared to A.C. motors. It then discusses the three types of D.C. motors - series-wound, shunt-wound, and compound-wound - and their characteristics, applications, and speed control methods. The document also covers topics such as back EMF, torque, speed regulation, and testing of D.C. motors.
This document summarizes research on techniques to minimize torque ripple in switched reluctance motors (SRM). It discusses that torque ripple is inherent in SRM due to their doubly salient structure. It reviews two main approaches: 1) Improving the magnetic design of the motor and 2) Using sophisticated electronic control techniques like indirect torque control methods using torque sharing functions or direct torque control. Indirect methods involve converting torque references to current references using look-up tables, while direct methods estimate torque directly from stored profiles. The document surveys literature on different torque sharing functions and controllers like hysteresis control and sliding mode control that can be used to optimize control parameters and minimize torque ripple.
Iaetsd a decisive fuzzy controlled single switch basedIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes a proposed fuzzy logic controller for a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive system. It presents a new single-switch converter topology for SRM drives that aims to improve performance with a simple design. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed converter fed SRM drive has faster response and settling times under closed-loop control compared to open-loop operation, and further improvement when using a fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic controller design and simulation results validating its ability to enhance the dynamic performance of the SRM drive are discussed.
This document analyzes linear switched reluctance motors (LSRM). It begins by describing conventional switched reluctance motors (SRM) and their working principles. It then discusses the construction, working, and advantages of LSRM compared to SRM. Key differences between SRM and LSRM are that LSRM provide linear motion rather than rotational motion and have higher efficiency and power density. The document also covers applications of SRM and concludes by listing topics to be covered in a future review.
This document discusses different types of driver circuits used in switched reluctance motors (SRM). It describes five main types: 1) two power semiconductor switching devices and two diodes per phase, 2) (n+1) power semiconductor switching devices and (n+1) diodes, 3) phase winding using bifilar wires, 4) split-link circuit used with even number of phases, and 5) C-dump circuit. Each type is then explained in more detail regarding its operation and advantages/disadvantages. References used to research SRM driver circuits are also provided.
1) The document discusses models for permanent magnet motor drives, specifically the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and brushless DC motor (BDCM).
2) It explains that the PMSM has a sinusoidal back EMF and requires sinusoidal currents, while the BDCM has a trapezoidal back EMF and requires rectangular currents.
3) The paper argues that a d-q axis model is suitable for modeling the PMSM, while an ABC phase variable model should be used for the BDCM due to its non-sinusoidal inductances.
The document discusses vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). It begins by describing the dynamic model of a PMSM, including assumptions made about the rotor flux. It then derives the stator equations in the rotor reference frame to model the PMSM similarly to an induction motor. Vector control of the PMSM is then derived from its dynamic model to decouple the torque and flux channels by controlling the stator currents in the d-q reference frame. This allows controlling the PMSM similarly to a separately excited DC motor.
Mathematical Modelling of an 3 Phase Induction Motor Using MATLAB/Simulink IJMER
Mechanical energy is needed in the daily life use as well as in the industry. Induction motors
play a very important role in both worlds, because of low cost, reliable operation, robust operation and low
maintenance. To derive the mathematical model of a 3 phase Induction motor, the theory of reference
frames has been effectively used as an efficient approach. Dynamic models (mathematical models) are
employed in to better understand the behaviour of induction motor in both transient and steady state. The
dynamic modelling sets all the mechanical equations for the inertia, torque and speed versus time. It also
models all the differential voltage, currents and flux linkages between the stationary stator as well as the
moving rotor. This paper presents a step by step Matlab/Simulink implementation of an induction machine
using dq0 axis transformations of the stator and rotor variables in the arbitrary reference frame [1].
This document summarizes the modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in Simulink. It describes how a PMSM is modeled in the rotor synchronous reference frame using Park equations. It discusses how the electromagnetic torque produced by the motor depends on the quadrature stator current. It also describes how the speed is controlled by controlling the electromagnetic torque through regulating the quadrature current. Finally, it presents the simulation results for the currents, torque, and speed of the modeled PMSM motor.
In recent years, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) are increasing
applied in several areas such as generation, traction, automobiles, robotics and aerospace
technology. Basically PMSG topology has been beneficial for slow speed and variable speed
operation and steady state output power produced in operation. PMSG is a part of
synchronous machine family, so its construction features almost equivalent to synchronous
machine.
With respect of designing a PMSG, the permanent magnetic pole lies on the rotor and
armature winding are in the inner part of stator that is electrically connected to the load.
Armature winding consists of the set of three conductors which has phase difference 1200
apart to each other and providing a uniform force or torque on the generator’s rotor. To
operate PMGS, it is connected to wind turbine through a shaft without gear box and rotate at
slow speed. This uniform torque produced by the resultant magnetic flux which induces
current in the armature winding. The stator magnetic field combined spatially with rotor
magnetic flux and rotates as the same speed of the rotor. So the two magnetic fields
synchronously rotate in PGSM to maintain the relative motion of rotor and stator.
Thus the permanent magnets rotates at constant speed without any DC excitation system,
which means it has not required any slip rings and contact brushes to make it more reliability
or efficient.
This paper is intended to study and compare the operation of two methods for estimating the position/ speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under sliding mode control. The first method is a model reference adaptive system (MRAS). The second method based on sliding mode observer (SMO). The stability condition of Sliding Mode Observer was verified using the Lyapunov method to make sure that the observer is stable in converging to the sliding mode plane. In this paper the performances of the proposed two algorithms are analyzed using SIMULINK/MATLAB. The simulations results are presented to verify the proposed sensorless control algorithms and can resolve the problem of load disturbance effects by simulations which verify that the two closed-loop control system is robust with respect to torque disturbance rejection.
Design of a wind power generation system using a permanent magnet synchronous...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents a wind power system using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM). The whole system consists of a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous machine, a three phase diode rectifier, a boost converter, a transformer-less step down circuit, an H-bridge inverter and a T-LCL filter. The 3-phase AC output from the PMSM is sent to the 3-phase diode rectifier for conversion to DC and a boost regulator is used to step-up this DC voltage to the desired level. This step-upped DC voltage is then converted into AC output by the H-Bridge inverter. The switching technique of the proposed inverter consists of a combination of Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and a square wave along with grid synchronization conditions. As the suggested method is entirely transformer-less, it significantly reduces Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) to less than 0.1% and minimizes its size. The T-LCL Immittance Converter not only reduces the harmonics of the inverter output but also provides a nearly constant output current thereby stabilizing the system. The system setup and the simulation results were obtained using the PSIM software. Keywords: Wind Turbine, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, Boost Converter, Step- down Circuit, T-LCL Immittance Converter, Inverter
Design, Modeling and Analysis of Linear Switched Reluctance Motor for Ground ...IOSR Journals
The document summarizes the design, modeling, and analysis of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) suitable for ground transit applications. LSRMs can generate linear motion without additional mechanical components, eliminating issues like backlash and elasticity in traditional belt or spindle drives. The paper presents the design and mathematical modeling of an LSRM, including its operating principle, longitudinal and transverse flux path configurations, inductance profile derivation based on machine dimensions, and applications in material handling and transport systems.
This ppt shows the modelling and simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor by using torque control method.
And this is the most advanced and soffestigated method to control the pmsm motors.
Design, Modelling& Simulation of Double Sided Linear Segmented Switched Reluc...IOSR Journals
This document presents the design, modeling, and simulation of a double-sided linear segmented switched reluctance motor (LSSRM). The LSSRM is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show current, inductance, torque, and speed characteristics. A 6/4 LSSRM is designed and compared to a conventional SRM and segmented SRM (SSRM) of the same power rating. The LSSRM design uses concentric windings instead of full pitch windings, reducing copper usage and weight. Simulation results validate the LSSRM model and control strategy. The LSSRM provides higher torque than SRM and SSRM for the same frame size due to increased aligned inductance.
Stator flux oriented vector control of wind driven self excited induction gen...Alexander Decker
This document discusses stator flux oriented vector control of a wind-driven self-excited induction generator connected to the grid through a cycloconverter. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed to simulate the system. Key points:
1. A stator flux oriented control scheme is used to regulate the voltage and frequency of the self-excited induction generator.
2. A cycloconverter is used to interface the generator output to the grid, which helps eliminate harmonics but results in lower output voltage. This is compensated using a step-up transformer.
3. Simulation results under load and fault conditions like sudden load and short circuit are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in regulating
Induction Motor Tests Using MATLAB/SimulinkGirish Gupta
This project describes MATLAB/Simulink implementation of three induction motor tests, namely DC, No-Load, and Blocked-Rotor tests which are performed to identify equivalent circuit parameters of an Induction Machine. These simulation models are developed to support and enhance electric machinery education at the undergraduate level.
BLDC motor is the permanent magnet synchronous motor designed to have a trapezoidal back emf. Due to rugged construction, less control complexity, higher power density, variable speed over a wide range and flexibility to select the rotor construction suitable for particular application, it is being viewed as an alternative for conventional a.c. motors right from residential to commercial & aerospace systems. Rotation of BLDC motor is achieved by energizing the stator phases in a sequence, which depends on the rotor position. Hall sensors are used to detect the exact position of the rotor. This paper presents design of BLDC motor drive. For the purpose of demonstration, the popularly used loads are considered for industrial application, electric traction system.
Hardware implememtation of open end winding based multi levelsuvarnadasan
This document describes a project to implement an open-end winding based multilevel inverter. The project aims to drive a three-phase induction motor using two dual 2-level inverters. By opening the neutral point of the stator windings and feeding both sides with separate inverters, 3-level inversion is achieved. The basic circuit uses two 2-level inverters to generate pole voltages that result in stepped phase voltages to drive the motor. This provides improved power quality over conventional 2-level inverters.
This document discusses D.C. motors. It begins by explaining that D.C. motors are advantageous for special applications that require converting alternating current to direct current, as D.C. motors have superior speed/torque characteristics compared to A.C. motors. It then discusses the three types of D.C. motors - series-wound, shunt-wound, and compound-wound - and their characteristics, applications, and speed control methods. The document also covers topics such as back EMF, torque, speed regulation, and testing of D.C. motors.
This document summarizes research on techniques to minimize torque ripple in switched reluctance motors (SRM). It discusses that torque ripple is inherent in SRM due to their doubly salient structure. It reviews two main approaches: 1) Improving the magnetic design of the motor and 2) Using sophisticated electronic control techniques like indirect torque control methods using torque sharing functions or direct torque control. Indirect methods involve converting torque references to current references using look-up tables, while direct methods estimate torque directly from stored profiles. The document surveys literature on different torque sharing functions and controllers like hysteresis control and sliding mode control that can be used to optimize control parameters and minimize torque ripple.
Iaetsd a decisive fuzzy controlled single switch basedIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes a proposed fuzzy logic controller for a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive system. It presents a new single-switch converter topology for SRM drives that aims to improve performance with a simple design. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed converter fed SRM drive has faster response and settling times under closed-loop control compared to open-loop operation, and further improvement when using a fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic controller design and simulation results validating its ability to enhance the dynamic performance of the SRM drive are discussed.
Power Converter Configurations for Switched Reluctance Motors: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of different power converter configurations that can be used for switched reluctance motors. It begins with an introduction to switched reluctance motors and their drive system components. It then classifies power converter topologies as either hard switched or soft switched. The main part of the document describes and compares four types of bridge converter configurations: asymmetric half bridge, shared switch, shared phase winding, and full bridge converters. It provides circuit diagrams and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration. The purpose is to provide an overview of options for the power electronics component of switched reluctance motor drives.
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION OF A 3-PHASE 4- SWITCH INVERTER FED BLDC MOTORvanmukil
This document provides an overview of brushless DC motors. It discusses their construction, operation, and applications. Key points include:
- BLDC motors have electronic commutation rather than mechanical brushes. They provide linear torque-speed characteristics like brushed DC motors.
- They consist of a radially magnetized permanent magnet rotor and phase windings on the stator. Electronic controllers and position sensors enable synchronized commutation.
- BLDC motors are widely used in applications like computers, appliances, electric vehicles due to their reliability, efficiency and power density compared to brushed DC motors.
- The document reviews BLDC motor components, control methods, torque production principles and common configurations like three-phase
A Novel High Performance H-Bridge Converter Topology for 8/6 pole SRM DriveIJMER
Despite of the fact that obviously less complex, the SRM drives are these days more expensive
than their formal AC drive systems. This is, all things considered brought about by the absence of an
optimal power electronic converter for SRM drives, which would be accessible as a single module.
Various endeavors were hence made lately to create novel power electronic converter structures for SRM
drives, in light of the usage of a Four-phased voltage source inverter (VSI), it is promptly accessible as a
single module. This paper takes after this line of thought and presents a novel power switching device for
SRM drive, which is totally focused around the use of standard inverter legs, have their own particular
favorable circumstances and weakness. The determination of a converter, in the majority of the cases,
relies on the application & consistency. To encourage the choice a relative comparative analysis is
intended in this paper. An arrangement of SRM formal converter topologies with a definite evaluation of
proposed topology fed four phased 8/6 SRM drive worked as open circuit & closed circuit controlling
scheme is executed in Matlab/Simulink software package and the relating results are introduced.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new switched capacitance power converter for a 6/4 switched reluctance motor drive. The proposed converter aims to reduce torque ripple and allow constant speed to be achieved more quickly with reduced power loss compared to an asymmetric converter. The operating principles and design of the proposed converter are described. Simulation results using MATLAB Simulink show that the proposed converter produces less torque oscillation and maintains a constant speed of 4500 RPM, making it suitable for low and medium speed applications.
This document discusses a space vector modulation technique for controlling a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. It presents a current control method for a 6/4 (6 stator poles, 4 rotor poles) SRM fed by a three-phase asymmetric converter. The converter applies positive voltage during conduction to drive current into the windings, and negative voltage during freewheeling to return energy to the DC source. Simulation results show waveforms for SRM parameters, speed, and current control. The asymmetric converter is concluded to be most suitable for SRM drives.
Development of a low cost sensored control for high speed axial flux permanen...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes the development of a low-cost sensored control system for a high-speed axial flux permanent magnet electric machine. Key points:
1) A digital signal processor controller using Hall sensors provides accurate commutation of the three-phase windings to run the machine as a motor at speeds up to 50,000 RPM.
2) Computer simulations of the machine model and control system were performed and matched well with experimental tests, validating the machine's behavior under this control approach.
3) The sensored control provides a baseline for further research toward developing a more advanced sensorless control system for high-power, high-speed axial flux permanent magnet machines.
The document summarizes a study on improving the performance of a two-leg inverter fed brushless DC motor (BLDCM) drive. Key points:
1) A two-leg inverter fed BLDCM drive is proposed that uses only four switches and two current sensors, compared to a conventional three-leg inverter that uses six switches and three current sensors. This reduces switching losses and cost.
2) A MATLAB/Simulink model of the proposed two-leg inverter fed BLDCM drive with two DC input sources is developed.
3) Simulation results show the proposed drive has reduced torque ripple, lower voltage stress, lower current total harmonic distortion, and faster dynamic performance
This document discusses different types of converters that can be used in switched reluctance motors (SRMs) to reduce torque ripple. It begins by outlining the requirements of SRM converters, including allowing phase overlap control and modulating phase voltage. It then describes six converter types - dump converters (R-dump and C-dump), asymmetric, bifilar, auxiliary, and high demagnetization converters. For each type, it provides a circuit diagram and overview of how it dissipates energy during phase commutation. It also models and simulates the performance of SRM drives using the different converter types in MATLAB. The document concludes that asymmetric converters are well-suited for high-speed SRM drives due to their fast current
Theory and Analysis of Three Phase Induction Motor using Written Pole TechnologyIOSRJEEE
Three phase induction motors are employed in almost all the industries because of its simple construction and easy operation. Efficiency of the induction motor is affected by its fixed losses and variable losses which mainly depend on the input supply voltage and load current respectively. An attempt is made to minimize the iron losses by using the permanent magnet ferrite. A new Three Phase Induction Motor Using Written Pole Technology is proposed in this paper whose stator consists of two three phase windings accommodated in the same core and rotor is used as squirrel cage rotor with ferrite material on its periphery. Shaft loads are categorized as low, medium and high, Stator coils are energized through a controller based on the load demand. When compared to conventional induction motor, the motor efficiency and power factor are improved. Another approach of this machine is that the ferrite layer on the rotor periphery will reduce the motor losses which results in improving the motor efficiency. In this motor, one windings (main winding) is designed for the 238 volt ac voltage while the second winding (exciter winding) is designed for 8 volt ac voltage. Experimental result ensures the considerable increase in the efficiency and power factor.
Power electronic converter in wind turbine.1.SonuKumarBairwa
1) Large wind turbines greater than 1 MW often use slip-ring induction generators with rotor converters to control slip and reduce costs.
2) Using rotor converters allows for reduced generator and converter ratings while still providing variable speed control.
3) A common configuration is a slip-ring induction generator with a diode rectifier and thyristor inverter on the rotor side for slip power recovery.
Application and Performance of Switched Reluctance motor and Induction Motor ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of four electric motors - induction motor, switched reluctance motor, axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor, and radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor - for use in a variable speed washing machine application. It derives the torque equations for each motor type and compares their torque per unit volume. The switched reluctance motor is found to have better performance and efficiency compared to the commonly used single phase induction motor for domestic applications. The document also discusses the advantages, disadvantages and applications of switched reluctance motors.
This paper presents a novel converter configuration with fewer for switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. The proposed novel converter insists for less number of switches compared to conventional asymmetrical type of converter configuration for switched reluctance motor. Switch count reduction in converter reduces the losses, volume of heat sink, and number of gate drive circuits and thereby the performance of the system. Closed loop speed control of switched reluctance motor fed from proposed novel converter topology was presented in this paper. Performance of closed loop operation is compared to open loop system. Further the proposed converter for SRMT is evaluated with loaded condition and comparative analysis of no-load and loaded SRM is presented. The model presented is developed and the results are analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Closed loop performance of proposed novel converter fed switched reluctance motor drive is verified at fixed speed and variable speed conditions.
Switched Reluctance Motors For Electric Vehicle Applications Introduction.pdfsdfghj21
This document provides an introduction to using switched reluctance motors for electric vehicle applications. It discusses the benefits of SRM such as robust structure, high thermal capability, and reliability. However, SRMs also suffer from acoustic noise and torque ripples. The document outlines the objectives of developing mathematical models for SRM control, determining optimal control parameters, evaluating inverter and controller types, and developing a MATLAB/Simulink model for SRM control in electric vehicles.
The document discusses switched reluctance motors (SRMs). It provides information on the working principle, elementary operation, inductance profiles, configurations, selection of phases, converter configurations, control, sensorless operation, and applications of SRMs. Key points include that SRMs operate based on variable reluctance torque, power is transmitted through stator windings rather than the rotor, and proper control of current timing and magnitude can produce smooth torque from discrete pulses. SRMs are applicable where size and power-to-weight ratio are critical factors.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a solid-state transformer (S2T) using a single phase matrix converter (SPMC). The S2T aims to address limitations of conventional transformers such as size, weight, environmental issues. The proposed S2T design uses two SPMCs - one operating at 1 kHz to generate high frequency current on the primary side, and the other at 50 Hz to produce low frequency voltage on the secondary side. A switching algorithm is presented to address commutation problems when using inductive loads. The S2T design and switching control are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Results show the S2T design can help minimize size and losses while achieving optimal efficiency compared to conventional approaches
The document summarizes the design, modeling, and analysis of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) for ground transit applications. Key points:
1) LSRMs can directly generate linear motion without gears/belts, eliminating issues like backlash and providing higher speeds compared to rotational motors.
2) Two main LSRM configurations exist - longitudinal and transverse flux paths. A longitudinal design is presented using an active stator and passive translator.
3) LSRM operation relies on variations in inductance as the translator moves relative to excited stator phases. Mathematical models are developed to calculate the inductance profile and generate propulsion forces.
4) An energy analysis is performed using Faraday's
Numerous studies had been made to improve the switched reluctance motor operation depend on the modification of the machine design, proposing the converter designs and/or applying a suitable control method. This paper introduces the field orientation control method for that motor using a simple and very efficient DC-DC converter topology. This control method is presented by two techniques; first technique is the advance of the turn-on switching angle and the other technique is the retard/delay of the turn-off switching angle. Instantaneous and average motor characteristics are obtained using Matlab/Simulink software package. Comparison between the simulation results presented using two converter types. A precise speed and torque control are obtained. The average total torque per current is maximized.
Closed Loop Speed Control of a BLDC Motor Drive Using Adaptive Fuzzy Tuned PI...IJERA Editor
Brushless DC Motors are widely used for many industrial applications because of their high efficiency, high
torque and low volume. This paper proposed an improved Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller to control the speed of
BLDC motor. This paper provides an overview of different tuning methods of PID Controller applied to control
the speed of the transfer function model of the BLDC motor drive and then to the mathematical model of the
BLDC motor drive. It is difficult to tune the parameters and get satisfied control characteristics by using normal
conventional PI controller. The experimental results verify that Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller has better control
performance than the conventional PI controller. The modeling, control and simulation of the BLDC motor have
been done using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Also, the dynamic characteristics of the BLDC motor (i.e.
speed and torque) as well as currents and voltages of the inverter components are observed by using the
developed model.
This document provides a technical review of secure banking using RSA and AES encryption methodologies. It discusses how RSA and AES are commonly used encryption standards for secure data transmission between ATMs and bank servers. The document first provides background on ATM security measures and risks of attacks. It then reviews related work analyzing encryption techniques. The document proposes using a one-time password in addition to a PIN for ATM authentication. It concludes that implementing encryption standards like RSA and AES can make transactions more secure and build trust in online banking.
This document analyzes the performance of various modulation schemes for achieving energy efficient communication over fading channels in wireless sensor networks. It finds that for long transmission distances, low-order modulations like BPSK are optimal due to their lower SNR requirements. However, as transmission distance decreases, higher-order modulations like 16-QAM and 64-QAM become more optimal since they can transmit more bits per symbol, outweighing their higher SNR needs. Simulations show lifetime extensions up to 550% are possible in short-range networks by using higher-order modulations instead of just BPSK. The optimal modulation depends on transmission distance and balancing the energy used by electronic components versus power amplifiers.
This document provides a review of mobility management techniques in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It discusses three modes of communication in VANETs: vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and hybrid vehicle (HV) communication. For each communication mode, different mobility management schemes are required due to their unique characteristics. The document also discusses mobility management challenges in VANETs and outlines some open research issues in improving mobility management for seamless communication in these dynamic networks.
This document provides a review of different techniques for segmenting brain MRI images to detect tumors. It compares the K-means and Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithms. K-means is an exclusive clustering algorithm that groups data points into distinct clusters, while Fuzzy C-means is an overlapping clustering algorithm that allows data points to belong to multiple clusters. The document finds that Fuzzy C-means requires more time for brain tumor detection compared to other methods like hierarchical clustering or K-means. It also reviews related work applying these clustering algorithms to segment brain MRI images.
1) The document simulates and compares the performance of AODV and DSDV routing protocols in a mobile ad hoc network under three conditions: when users are fixed, when users move towards the base station, and when users move away from the base station.
2) The results show that both protocols have higher packet delivery and lower packet loss when users are either fixed or moving towards the base station, since signal strength is better in those scenarios. Performance degrades when users move away from the base station due to weaker signals.
3) AODV generally has better performance than DSDV, with higher throughput and packet delivery rates observed across the different user mobility conditions.
This document describes the design and implementation of 4-bit QPSK and 256-bit QAM modulation techniques using MATLAB. It compares the two techniques based on SNR, BER, and efficiency. The key steps of implementing each technique in MATLAB are outlined, including generating random bits, modulation, adding noise, and measuring BER. Simulation results show scatter plots and eye diagrams of the modulated signals. A table compares the results, showing that 256-bit QAM provides better performance than 4-bit QPSK. The document concludes that QAM modulation is more effective for digital transmission systems.
The document proposes a hybrid technique using Anisotropic Scale Invariant Feature Transform (A-SIFT) and Robust Ensemble Support Vector Machine (RESVM) to accurately identify faces in images. A-SIFT improves upon traditional SIFT by applying anisotropic scaling to extract richer directional keypoints. Keypoints are processed with RESVM and hypothesis testing to increase accuracy above 95% by repeatedly reprocessing images until the threshold is met. The technique was tested on similar and different facial images and achieved better results than SIFT in retrieval time and reduced keypoints.
This document studies the effects of dielectric superstrate thickness on microstrip patch antenna parameters. Three types of probes-fed patch antennas (rectangular, circular, and square) were designed to operate at 2.4 GHz using Arlondiclad 880 substrate. The antennas were tested with and without an Arlondiclad 880 superstrate of varying thicknesses. It was found that adding a superstrate slightly degraded performance by lowering the resonant frequency and increasing return loss and VSWR, while decreasing bandwidth and gain. Specifically, increasing the superstrate thickness or dielectric constant resulted in greater changes to the antenna parameters.
This document describes a wireless environment monitoring system that utilizes soil energy as a sustainable power source for wireless sensors. The system uses a microbial fuel cell to generate electricity from the microbial activity in soil. Two microbial fuel cells were created using different soil types and various additives to produce different current and voltage outputs. An electronic circuit was designed on a printed circuit board with components like a microcontroller and ZigBee transceiver. Sensors for temperature and humidity were connected to the circuit to monitor the environment wirelessly. The system provides a low-cost way to power remote sensors without needing battery replacement and avoids the high costs of wiring a power source.
1) The document proposes a model for a frequency tunable inverted-F antenna that uses ferrite material.
2) The resonant frequency of the antenna can be significantly shifted from 2.41GHz to 3.15GHz, a 31% shift, by increasing the static magnetic field placed on the ferrite material.
3) Altering the permeability of the ferrite allows tuning of the antenna's resonant frequency without changing the physical dimensions, providing flexibility to operate over a wide frequency range.
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a speech enhancement method using stationary wavelet transform. The method first classifies speech into voiced, unvoiced, and silence regions based on short-time energy. It then applies different thresholding techniques to the wavelet coefficients of each region - modified hard thresholding for voiced speech, semi-soft thresholding for unvoiced speech, and setting coefficients to zero for silence. Experimental results using speech from the TIMIT database corrupted with white Gaussian noise at various SNR levels show improved performance over other popular denoising methods.
This document reviews the design of an energy-optimized wireless sensor node that encrypts data for transmission. It discusses how sensing schemes that group nodes into clusters and transmit aggregated data can reduce energy consumption compared to individual node transmissions. The proposed node design calculates the minimum transmission power needed based on received signal strength and uses a periodic sleep/wake cycle to optimize energy when not sensing or transmitting. It aims to encrypt data at both the node and network level to further optimize energy usage for wireless communication.
This document discusses group consumption modes. It analyzes factors that impact group consumption, including external environmental factors like technological developments enabling new forms of online and offline interactions, as well as internal motivational factors at both the group and individual level. The document then proposes that group consumption modes can be divided into four types based on two dimensions: vertical (group relationship intensity) and horizontal (consumption action period). These four types are instrument-oriented, information-oriented, enjoyment-oriented, and relationship-oriented consumption modes. Finally, the document notes that consumption modes are dynamic and can evolve over time.
The document summarizes a study of different microstrip patch antenna configurations with slotted ground planes. Three antenna designs were proposed and their performance evaluated through simulation: a conventional square patch, an elliptical patch, and a star-shaped patch. All antennas were mounted on an FR4 substrate. The effects of adding different slot patterns to the ground plane on resonance frequency, bandwidth, gain and efficiency were analyzed parametrically. Key findings were that reshaping the patch and adding slots increased bandwidth and shifted resonance frequency. The elliptical and star patches in particular performed better than the conventional design. Three antenna configurations were selected for fabrication and measurement based on the simulations: a conventional patch with a slot under the patch, an elliptical patch with slots
1) The document describes a study conducted to improve call drop rates in a GSM network through RF optimization.
2) Drive testing was performed before and after optimization using TEMS software to record network parameters like RxLevel, RxQuality, and events.
3) Analysis found call drops were occurring due to issues like handover failures between sectors, interference from adjacent channels, and overshooting due to antenna tilt.
4) Corrective actions taken included defining neighbors between sectors, adjusting frequencies to reduce interference, and lowering the mechanical tilt of an antenna.
5) Post-optimization drive testing showed improvements in RxLevel, RxQuality, and a reduction in dropped calls.
This document describes the design of an intelligent autonomous wheeled robot that uses RF transmission for communication. The robot has two modes - automatic mode where it can make its own decisions, and user control mode where a user can control it remotely. It is designed using a microcontroller and can perform tasks like object recognition using computer vision and color detection in MATLAB, as well as wall painting using pneumatic systems. The robot's movement is controlled by DC motors and it uses sensors like ultrasonic sensors and gas sensors to navigate autonomously. RF transmission allows communication between the robot and a remote control unit. The overall aim is to develop a low-cost robotic system for industrial applications like material handling.
This document reviews cryptography techniques to secure the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks. It discusses various types of attacks on AODV like impersonation, denial of service, eavesdropping, black hole attacks, wormhole attacks, and Sybil attacks. It then proposes using the RC6 cryptography algorithm to secure AODV by encrypting data packets and detecting and removing malicious nodes launching black hole attacks. Simulation results show that after applying RC6, the packet delivery ratio and throughput of AODV increase while delay decreases, improving the security and performance of the network under attack.
The document describes a proposed modification to the conventional Booth multiplier that aims to increase its speed by applying concepts from Vedic mathematics. Specifically, it utilizes the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam formula to generate all partial products concurrently rather than sequentially. The proposed 8x8 bit multiplier was coded in VHDL, simulated, and found to have a path delay 44.35% lower than a conventional Booth multiplier, demonstrating its potential for higher speed.
This document discusses image deblurring techniques. It begins by introducing image restoration and focusing on image deblurring. It then discusses challenges with image deblurring being an ill-posed problem. It reviews existing approaches to screen image deconvolution including estimating point spread functions and iteratively estimating blur kernels and sharp images. The document also discusses handling spatially variant blur and summarizes the relationship between the proposed method and previous work for different blur types. It proposes using color filters in the aperture to exploit parallax cues for segmentation and blur estimation. Finally, it proposes moving the image sensor circularly during exposure to prevent high frequency attenuation from motion blur.
This document describes modeling an adaptive controller for an aircraft roll control system using PID, fuzzy-PID, and genetic algorithm. It begins by introducing the aircraft roll control system and motivation for developing an adaptive controller to minimize errors from noisy analog sensor signals. It then provides the mathematical model of aircraft roll dynamics and describes modeling the real-time flight control system in MATLAB/Simulink. The document evaluates PID, fuzzy-PID, and PID-GA (genetic algorithm) controllers for aircraft roll control and finds that the PID-GA controller delivers the best performance.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
AI-Powered Food Delivery Transforming App Development in Saudi Arabia.pdfTechgropse Pvt.Ltd.
In this blog post, we'll delve into the intersection of AI and app development in Saudi Arabia, focusing on the food delivery sector. We'll explore how AI is revolutionizing the way Saudi consumers order food, how restaurants manage their operations, and how delivery partners navigate the bustling streets of cities like Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam. Through real-world case studies, we'll showcase how leading Saudi food delivery apps are leveraging AI to redefine convenience, personalization, and efficiency.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
OpenID AuthZEN Interop Read Out - AuthorizationDavid Brossard
During Identiverse 2024 and EIC 2024, members of the OpenID AuthZEN WG got together and demoed their authorization endpoints conforming to the AuthZEN API
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
C011131928
1. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 11, Issue 1 Ver. III (Jan. – Feb. 2016), PP 19-28
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 19 | Page
A Closed Loop Speed Control of a Switched Reluctance Motor
with a New Converter Topology
R.ArulRaj 1
, Raviraj Shinde 2
,R.Selvendiran 3
, R.Uthra4
12
Pg-Student, Dept. Of EEE,SRM University , India
3
assistant Professor, Dept of Mechanical Eng. Mahabarathi Eng.College, India
4
assistant Professor, Dept. Of EEE SRM University, India
Abstract: Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) has become a competitive selection for many applications of
electric machine drive systems recently due to its relative simple construction and its robustness. . This paper
describes the design of new converter, consisting of “half-bridge” IGBT modules and SCRs, for closed loop
control of switched reluctance motor drives are proposed. The proposed converter topology is a variation of the
conventional asymmetric bridge converter for switched reluctance motor drives. However, utilization of switch
modules is enhanced considerably. The requirements of converters for switched reluctance motor drives and the
operation of the proposed new converter are analysed and discussed. In this paper a new converter topology for
speed control of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) is proposed. The topology is verified through MATLAB
simulation.
Keywords: Switched reluctance motor drives, Converter topology.
I. Introduction
The Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drives have recently gained considerable attention among researchers
due to several reasons. Firstly, stator can be easily manufactured as the stator windings are concentrated around
the salient stator poles. Also the salient rotor poles are made up of steel laminations, without conductors or
permanent magnets or cage. Due to this rotor structure, extremely high speed can be obtained as compared to
rotors with magnets or windings. Secondly, the motor is cost-effective in comparison to conventional induction
and synchronous motors, and also it is claimed to have a comparable or even higher efficiency over wide range
of speed. Thirdly, due to unidirectional current requirement, the converter has a minimum number of switching
devices compared to a conventional inverter-fed synchronous or induction motor drive and thereby greatly
simplifying the design of power and control circuit. The other advantages include possible operations in high
temperatures or in intense temperature variations. Also a high starting torque can be achieved without large
inrush currents and the torque produced is independent of current direction. Therefore SRM is promising as an
easy-to-manufacture, low priced, variable speed motor due to its very simple structure with reduced cost and the
mechanical simplicity together with the recent advances in the power electronics components.
Fig.1 shows the cross-section of a small developmental SR motor. It has been realized [1], [3] that the
reluctance motors requires only unipolar or unidirectional currents and this gives rise to the possibility of
operating with only one switching device in series per phase, instead of two in series in each phase leg of an ac
or brushless dc drive.
Fig. 1: Basic Switched Reluctance motor
The torque is proportional to the square of the current, hence the current can be unipolar to produce
unidirectional torque Note that this is quite contrary to the case for ac machines. This unipolar current
requirement has a distinct advantage in that only one power switch is required for control of current in a phase
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DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 20 | Page
winding. Such a feature greatly reduces the number of power switches in the converter and thereby makes the
drive economical. The torque constant is given by the slope of the inductance vs. rotor position characteristic. It
is understood that the inductance of a stator winding is a function of both the rotor position and current, thus
making it nonlinear. Because of its nonlinear nature, a simple equivalent circuit development for this motor is
not possible. Since the torque is proportional to the square of the current, this machine resembles a dc series
motor; hence, it has a good starting torque. Such circuits use fewer semiconductor devices than their ac
counterparts, and they have only one forward voltage drop in series per phase, so that the power losses may, in
principle, be lower than in conventional inverters.
Other factors being equal, both of these factors should permit a reduction in the physical size of the
converter and an increase in its reliability. The SR drive has additional advantages compared with the
conventional adjustable-speed ac or brushless dc drives (including permanent-magnet motor drives). First, shoot
through faults are impossible [3]. This is true for all SR converter circuits because there is always a motor
winding in series with each main power switching device.
Second, there is a greater degree of independence between the phases than is possible in conventional
ac or brushless dc drives. There is very little mutual inductance between machine phase windings in SRM, and
for all practical purposes it is considered to be negligible. Since mutual coupling is absent, each phase is
electrically independent of other phases. This is a feature unique to this machine only. Due to this feature, note
that a short-circuit fault in one phase winding has no effect on other phases. For one thing, it makes possible
operation of other healthy phases of the machine and their operation will not be derated, as the voltage
requirement is the same before and after the fault. Such independence of machine phases has tremendous
consequence in aircraft actuators and generators, actuators used in defense applications, motors used in coolant
pumps in nuclear power plants, and traction and electric vehicles, to mention a few applications. In extreme
contrast to the operation of SRM under short-circuit fault, consider a permanent magnet synchronous motor with
a single-phase, short-circuit fault condition. A fault in one phase (whether in the motor or in the converter)
generally affects only that phase the other phases can continue to operate independently.
For switched reluctance motors the converter is not fixed till now also, the research is going on and
various topologies viz. resonant, bifilar, split dc supply, r-dump, asymmetric bridge converter. In this paper, a
new effective converter topology, which can be regarded as a variation of the asymmetric bridge topology, is
developed. It inherits the advantages of the asymmetric bridge topology. Furthermore, it has higher utilization of
switch devices. Thus, the proposed converter circuit can be designed with more compact configuration, smaller
size and lower cost.
Among those converters, the asymmetric bridge converter is the most popular and best-performed one,
in which each phase branch consists of two discrete switching components and two freewheeling diodes, as
shown in Fig 2. It is efficient for fault-tolerant and independent current control can be accomplished. However,
the high switching component counts and the poor utilization is the main disadvantages of this topology.
In this paper, a new converter topology, which can be regarded as a variation of the asymmetric bridge
topology, is developed. It inherits the advantages of the asymmetric bridge topology. Furthermore, it has higher
utilization of switch devices. Thus, the proposed converter circuit can be designed with more compact
configuration, smaller size and lower cost. Advantages by using asymmetric converter are Ideal for high
performance current and torque control. Allows greater flexibility in controlling machine current. Capable of
Positive, Negative, and zero voltage output. Voltage stress across the switching element is restricted to Vdc . The
followings are the major disadvantages of the asymmetric bridge converter configurations of a switched
reluctance motors. There are high switching losses occur in asymmetric bridge converter. Presence of larger heat
sinks. Asymmetric bridge converter not suitable for high power applications.
The major application of asymmetric bridge converter is in low power levels inverters fed from a
voltage source.
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DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 21 | Page
Fig. 2: Asymmetric bridge converter for three-phase SRM drives
II. Operation Of Srm Drives And Requirements To Converter
The structure of an 8/6 switched reluctance motor is shown in Fig 1. There are no windings or magnets
on the rotor, thus SRM is a doubly salient and singly excited motor. The operation of an SRM drive is according
to the minimum reluctance principle, which means that the rotor tries to align its poles with the position with
minimum reluctance for the magnetic circuit. A position sensor is required to synchronize the stator conduction
sequence by determining the rotor position. Also, the torque of an SRM drive is related to the rotor position and
the inductance or flux linkage. The typical inductance characteristics in a four-phase SRM drive are shown in
Fig
Fig. 3: Inductance characteristics
Another important feature of an SRM drive is that the mutual coupling between phases can be
neglected. It makes the independent current control possible. Meanwhile, the lack of mutual coupling brings
about a problem of dealing with the stored magnetic field energy. An additional path has to be provided for the
magnetic field energy during phase commutation. Otherwise, it will result in excessive voltage across the
windings and hence on the power switches leading to their failure. Neglecting the mutual coupling between
phase windings and regarding all components as ideal ones, the operation of an SRM drive can be described as
Proposed Converter
Proposed Converter Topology
Half-bridge IGBT modules are the popular choice to build asymmetric bridge converters and many
other converters in industrial applications, instead of discrete IGBT modules. Because the diodes for
freewheeling are necessary even there are build-in diodes in the discrete IGBT modules. It makes the circuit less
trustworthy and more complicated. Fig 4 illustrates the phase branch with half-bridge modules for typical SRM
converters. It can be seen that each phase branch needs two half-bridge switch modules. Consequently, a four-
phase SRM drive requires eight half-bridge switch modules. Therefore, the use of half-bridge switch modules in
asymmetric bridge converter brings low utilization and high count of switch devices.
Fig. 4: Phase branch using half-bridge switch modules
To figure out the problem, a new converter for SRM drives is developed in this paper. Fig 5 illustrates
4. A Closed Loop Speed Control Of A Switched Reluctance Motor With A New Converter Topology
DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 22 | Page
the proposed converter circuit for four-phase SRM drives. It can be observed that the proposed converter needs
four half-bridge IGBT modules and four SCRs, in comparative to eight half-bridge IGBT modules in
asymmetric bridge converters. On the other hand, each phase is controlled by different switching devices. It is
helpful to reduce the temperature rise and extend the lifetime of IGBT components.
Fig. 5: Proposed Topology for four-phase SRM drives
According to the principle of operation of SRM drives, the energy conversion process may occur
simultaneously in two adjacent phases, in order to acquire high starting torque and low torque ripple. This mode
of operation may cause a current overlap [1]. In the developed converter, therefore, alternate phases are grouped
together, such as Phase A and Phase C, or Phase B and Phase D, shown in Fig 6.
Operation Of Proposed Converter
As for the developed converter, the operation of each phase includes three modes, which are named as
charging, freewheeling and discharging, respectively. For the sake of simplicity of the illustration, the operation
of two phases in a group is analyzed in the following discussion. Fig 6 and Fig 7 depict the operations of phase
A and Phase C in a group, respectively. The typical gate signals and corresponding current profile are shown in
Fig 6.
(a) Charging mode for phase A
(b) Freewheeling mode for phase A
5. A Closed Loop Speed Control Of A Switched Reluctance Motor With A New Converter Topology
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(c) Discharging mode for phase A
Fig. 6: Operation modes of Phase A
Mode 1: Charging
Referring to Fig 6a, if the switching devices Q1, Q4, and Q5 are turned on, the DC link voltage is then
applied to Phase A and the current rises rapidly in the phase winding. In the same way, seeing Fig 7a, if the
switching devices Q2, Q3, and Q6 are switched on, Phase C is charged through the switches Q2, Q3 and Q6.
(a) Charging mode for phase C
Mode 2: Freewheeling
It can be seen from Fig 6b, if the switch Q1 is turned off and the switches Q4 and Q5 are still on, then
current circulates though the switches Q4, Q5 and forward-biased diode D2. In this mode, there is no energy
transfer between phase winding and DC source.
(b) Freewheeling mode for phase C
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It can be seen from Fig 7b, Phase C freewheels through switches Q2 and Q6 and the diode D4 when the
switch Q3 is turned off and the switches Q2 and Q6 are still on. Similarly remaining phases also performs the
three modes charging, freewheeling and discharging. By this converter we can achieve the three modes of control
i.e single pulse voltage control, the hysteresis current control and the PWM voltage control.
(c) Discharge mode for phase C
Fig. 7: Modes of Operation of C
Mode 3: Discharging
As is shown in Fig 6c, the switches Q1 and Q4 are turned off and the switch Q5 is still turned on in this
mode. Consequently, Phase A discharges to the DC link capacitor, through D2, D3 and Q5. In the same way,
from Fig 7c, Phase C discharges to the DC link capacitor through the switch Q6 and the diodes D1 and D4 if the
switches Q2 and Q3 are switched off and the switch Q6 is still on.
3. Control Methods
From the above analysis and discussion, it can be seen that three conventional control methods for typical
asymmetrical bridge converters of SRM drives can be realized in the proposed converter. They are the single
pulse voltage control, the hysteresis current control and the PWM voltage control. The single-pulse voltage
control includes the charging and discharging modes. The hysteresis current control consists of the charging,
freewheeling and discharging modes. The PWM voltage control is composed of the charging, freewheeling and
discharging modes.
Fig. 8: Typical gate signals and current waveform
Matlab/Simulink Modelling And Simulation Results
In order to verify the proposed converter for SRM drives, the simulation based on
MATLAB/SIMULINK was carried out. Fig 8 shows the developed simulation block diagram in
MATLAB/SIMULINK. Here simulation is carried out in two cases,
7. A Closed Loop Speed Control Of A Switched Reluctance Motor With A New Converter Topology
DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 25 | Page
1) Open Loop model of Proposed Converter.
2) Closed Loop model of Proposed Converter.
Case 1: Open Loop model of Proposed Converter
Fig. 9 Matlab/Simulink Model of Proposed Converter in Open Loop Configuration
Fig.9 shows the Matlab/Simulink Model of Proposed ConverterConverter in Open Loop Configuration
to drive a simple switched reluctance machine.
Fig.10 Armature Currents for four phases of SRM
Fig.10 shows the armature current of SRM drive using proposed converter.
8. A Closed Loop Speed Control Of A Switched Reluctance Motor With A New Converter Topology
DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 26 | Page
Fig.11 SRM Drive Characteristics
Fig.11 shows the characteristics of proposed converter fed SRM drive,we get Armature Current,
Electromagnetic Torque, Speed.
Case 2: Closed Loop model of Proposed Converter
Fig. 12 Matlab/Simulink Model of Proposed Converter in Closed
Loop Configuration
The concept of control from the machine characteristics of inductance vs. rotor position for a fixed
excitation is introduced here. The variables of control such as advance rise and commutation angles are
recognized and their dependence on machine inductance, speed, and the requirement to maximize torque are
discussed.
Fig.12 shows the Matlab/Simulink Model of Proposed Converter in Closed Loop Configuration to
drive a simple switched reluctance machine, to achieve constant speed by using ref speed calculation.
9. A Closed Loop Speed Control Of A Switched Reluctance Motor With A New Converter Topology
DOI: 10.9790/1676-11131928 www.iosrjournals.org 27 | Page
Fig.13 SRM Drive Characteristics
A closed-loop, speed-controlled SRM drive is shown in Fig12. The speed error is processed through a
proportional plus integral (PI) controller and a limiter to yield the torque command, From the torque command,
the current command is obtained using the torque constant, This torque constant is for the linearized inductance
vs. rotor position characteristics for a particular value of current. The current command is added and subtracted
from the hysteresis window, to obtain the that determine the switching of the phase and main switches of any
converter.Fig.13 shows the characteristics of proposed converter fed SRM drive in closed loop operation, we get
Electromagnetic Torque, Speed, Armature Current.
II. Conclusion
In this paper, a new effective converter topology for switched reluctance motor drives with open loop
and closed loop models has been proposed. Compared to the conventional asymmetric bridge converter, the
proposed one using half-bridge switch modules is more compact and has higher utilization of power switches
and lower cost, without degrading in performance. The developed converter has three conventional operating
modes that are charging, freewheeling and discharging modes. Hence, the single pulse voltage control, the
hysteresis current control and the PWM voltage control are implemented in the developed converter. The
simulation in Matlab/Simulink has demonstrated the proposed converter. As a result, this study provides the
valuable converter for SRM drives in industrial applications. The proposed new method arrangement allows the
reduction in circuit components by nearly half and mainly the main performance of the motor drive. The method
can be applied for all the even number of phases of the switched reluctance motor drive. Here we proposed
closed loop operation for getting constant speed of a machine.
References
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Authors Information
Mr.R.Arulraj completed his BE Electronics and instrumentation Eng. in Shri Angalamman
College of Eng. & Technology, Trichy in 2012 and M-Tech Power Electronics and Drives
in SRM UNIVERSITY, Chennai in 2014. His Current research is about Inverters,
Converters, Machines. arulrajmtech@gmail.com
Mr.Raviraj Shinde Completedhis BE Electronics and instrumentation Eng. in Shri
Vaishnav institute of Tech & Science Indore in 2011 and M-Tech Power Electronics and
Drives in SRM UNIVERSITY, Chennai in 2014 .His Current research is about Controllers,
Converters, Machines.Shinde.Raviraj@gmail.com
Mr.R.Selvendiran Completed his BE Mechanical Eng. in Jayaram College of Eng. & Tech,
Trichy in 2013 and ME Thermal Eng. in Saranathan Collge of Eng. Trichy in 2015 .His
Current research is about Machines, Motors, Solar. Selvendiran103@gmail.com