This presentation tells about how business markets should be segmented.
Based on Chapter 7 Kotler
Marketing Management : A South Asian Perspective 14th Edition (English) 14th Edition
Webster and Wind Model B2B Buying behaviour
Introduction: Webster and Wind (1972) developed a general model for organizational buying behaviour.
According to webster (1965), to understand Organizational Buying Behavior(OBB), it is necessary to examine both organizational and individual decision making, since, as emphasized by Webster and wind (1972), individual behaviour is the base of all organizational buying behaviour.
Environmental: For example, in a recessionary(COVID) economic condition, industrial firms minimize the number of items purchased. The environmental factors influence the buying decisions of individual organizations.
Organisational: These variables particularly influence the composition and functioning of the buying centre, and also, the degree of centralization or decentralization in the purchasing function in the buying organization.
Buying Centre and organisational Variable: A buying centre also called the decision-making unit, brings together "all those members of an organization who become involved in the buying process for a particular product or service“. OBB is influenced by the organizational variables, the environmental variables and the individual variables. The output of the group decision-making process of the buying centre includes solutions to the buying problems of the organization and also the satisfaction of personal goals of individual members of the buying centre.
Individual: Ultimately its individuals making the decision of buying or not or from where so characteristics of individuals, education, experience, values, income affects the buying behaviour
End: strengths of the model, developed in 1972, are that it is comprehensive, generally applicable, analytical and that it identifies many key variables, which could be considered while developing marketing strategies by industrial marketers. However, the model is weak in explaining the specific influence of the key variables.
These variables particularly influence the composition and functioning of the buying Centre and also the degree of centralization or decentralization in the purchasing function of the buying organization. The functioning of the buying Centre is influenced by the organizational variables
Identifying Market Segments and Targets
Effective Targeting Requires
Four levels of Micromarketing
What is a Market Segment?
Flexible Marketing Offerings
Preference Segments
Segmenting Consumer Markets
Behavioral Segmentation
The Brand Funnel Illustrates Variations in the Buyer-Readiness Stage
Loyalty Status
Segmenting for Business Markets
Steps in Segmentation Process
Effective Segmentation Criteria
How does marketing affects customer value ?Sameer Mathur
"How does marketing affects customer value ?" Helps to capture Value creation, value chain, core business process etc.
MARKETING MANAGEMENT: A SOUTH ASIAN PERSPECTIVE BY-PHILIP KOTLER
(14 EDITION)__ CHAPTER 2[DEVELOPING MARKETING STRATEGIES AND PLANS]
DISCLAIMER
These slides were created by AJEET KUMAR, as part of an internship done under the guidance of Prof. Sameer Mathur (www.IIMInternship.com)
Presentation By: AJEET KUMAR
What is market opportunity analysis?
How to identify unmet and/or under-served customer needs?
How to identify the most attractive customers?
How to assess your competitive advantage?
How to assess your resource needs?
How to assess the market readiness of technology?
How to craft an opportunity story?
How to assess the market opportunity’s attractiveness?
Webster and Wind Model B2B Buying behaviour
Introduction: Webster and Wind (1972) developed a general model for organizational buying behaviour.
According to webster (1965), to understand Organizational Buying Behavior(OBB), it is necessary to examine both organizational and individual decision making, since, as emphasized by Webster and wind (1972), individual behaviour is the base of all organizational buying behaviour.
Environmental: For example, in a recessionary(COVID) economic condition, industrial firms minimize the number of items purchased. The environmental factors influence the buying decisions of individual organizations.
Organisational: These variables particularly influence the composition and functioning of the buying centre, and also, the degree of centralization or decentralization in the purchasing function in the buying organization.
Buying Centre and organisational Variable: A buying centre also called the decision-making unit, brings together "all those members of an organization who become involved in the buying process for a particular product or service“. OBB is influenced by the organizational variables, the environmental variables and the individual variables. The output of the group decision-making process of the buying centre includes solutions to the buying problems of the organization and also the satisfaction of personal goals of individual members of the buying centre.
Individual: Ultimately its individuals making the decision of buying or not or from where so characteristics of individuals, education, experience, values, income affects the buying behaviour
End: strengths of the model, developed in 1972, are that it is comprehensive, generally applicable, analytical and that it identifies many key variables, which could be considered while developing marketing strategies by industrial marketers. However, the model is weak in explaining the specific influence of the key variables.
These variables particularly influence the composition and functioning of the buying Centre and also the degree of centralization or decentralization in the purchasing function of the buying organization. The functioning of the buying Centre is influenced by the organizational variables
Identifying Market Segments and Targets
Effective Targeting Requires
Four levels of Micromarketing
What is a Market Segment?
Flexible Marketing Offerings
Preference Segments
Segmenting Consumer Markets
Behavioral Segmentation
The Brand Funnel Illustrates Variations in the Buyer-Readiness Stage
Loyalty Status
Segmenting for Business Markets
Steps in Segmentation Process
Effective Segmentation Criteria
How does marketing affects customer value ?Sameer Mathur
"How does marketing affects customer value ?" Helps to capture Value creation, value chain, core business process etc.
MARKETING MANAGEMENT: A SOUTH ASIAN PERSPECTIVE BY-PHILIP KOTLER
(14 EDITION)__ CHAPTER 2[DEVELOPING MARKETING STRATEGIES AND PLANS]
DISCLAIMER
These slides were created by AJEET KUMAR, as part of an internship done under the guidance of Prof. Sameer Mathur (www.IIMInternship.com)
Presentation By: AJEET KUMAR
What is market opportunity analysis?
How to identify unmet and/or under-served customer needs?
How to identify the most attractive customers?
How to assess your competitive advantage?
How to assess your resource needs?
How to assess the market readiness of technology?
How to craft an opportunity story?
How to assess the market opportunity’s attractiveness?
What makes up a marketing intelligence systemSameer Mathur
What makes up a marketing intelligence system
CHAPTER-3, SCANNING THE MARKETING ENVIRONMENT, FORECASTING DEMAND, AND CONDUCTING MARKETING RESEARCH.
KOTLER MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Chapter 1 DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURYNishant Agrawal
DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURY
WHAT IS MARKETED?
DEMAND STATES
Core MARKETING CONCEPTS
MARKETING CONCEPTS
Company orientation
Towards marketplace
COMPANY ORIENTATION
Holistic Marketing Concept
Understand four Ps (Marketing Mix)
MARKETING TASKS
Setting Product Strategy
What is a Product?
Components of the Market Offering
Durability and Tangibility
Use
Consumer Goods Classification
The Product Hierarchy (using life insurance example)
Product Systems and Mixes
Product Line Analysis
Packaging , labeling warranties
Packaging Objectives
Functions of Labels
Analyzing Business Markets
What is Organizational Buying?
Top Business Marketing Challenges
Characteristics of Business Markets
Buying Situation
Participants in Business Buying ProcessThe Buying Center
Supplier SearchForms of Electronic Marketplaces
Methods for Researching Customer Value
Establishing Corporate Trust and Credibility
Factors Affecting Buyer-Supplier Relationships
What is Opportunism?
What makes up a marketing intelligence systemSameer Mathur
What makes up a marketing intelligence system
CHAPTER-3, SCANNING THE MARKETING ENVIRONMENT, FORECASTING DEMAND, AND CONDUCTING MARKETING RESEARCH.
KOTLER MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Chapter 1 DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURYNishant Agrawal
DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURY
WHAT IS MARKETED?
DEMAND STATES
Core MARKETING CONCEPTS
MARKETING CONCEPTS
Company orientation
Towards marketplace
COMPANY ORIENTATION
Holistic Marketing Concept
Understand four Ps (Marketing Mix)
MARKETING TASKS
Setting Product Strategy
What is a Product?
Components of the Market Offering
Durability and Tangibility
Use
Consumer Goods Classification
The Product Hierarchy (using life insurance example)
Product Systems and Mixes
Product Line Analysis
Packaging , labeling warranties
Packaging Objectives
Functions of Labels
Analyzing Business Markets
What is Organizational Buying?
Top Business Marketing Challenges
Characteristics of Business Markets
Buying Situation
Participants in Business Buying ProcessThe Buying Center
Supplier SearchForms of Electronic Marketplaces
Methods for Researching Customer Value
Establishing Corporate Trust and Credibility
Factors Affecting Buyer-Supplier Relationships
What is Opportunism?
How should a company choose the most attractive target markets?Sameer Mathur
Based on Chapter 7 Kotler
Marketing Management : A South Asian Perspective 14th Edition (English) 14th Edition
How should a company choose the most attractive target markets?
Business marketers rely on segmentation for marketing efficiency and effectiveness. This presentation explains how to segment business markets, the key segmentation variables, how segmentation aids prospecting efforts, how to create personas, and how clean data makes segmentation easier.
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Dynamic Web Designing involves creating interactive and adaptable web pages that respond to user input and change dynamically, enhancing user experience with real-time data, animations, and personalized content tailored to individual preferences.
In today's digital world, customers are just a click away. "Grow Your Business Online: Introduction to Digital Marketing" dives into the exciting world of digital marketing, equipping you with the tools and strategies to reach new audiences, expand your reach, and ultimately grow your business.
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In today's digital landscape, understanding the customer's journey and delivering personalized experiences are paramount. This masterclass delves into the art of consumer journey mapping, a powerful technique that visualizes the entire customer experience across touchpoints. Attendees will learn how to create detailed journey maps, identify pain points, and uncover opportunities for optimization. The presentation also explores personalization strategies that leverage data and technology to tailor content, products, and experiences to individual customers. From real-time personalization to predictive analytics, attendees will gain insights into cutting-edge approaches that drive engagement and loyalty.
Key Takeaways:
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We explore how B2B marketers can impress the board by measuring their PR and marketing campaigns successfully, and explore 5 metrics that will get you promoted, and 3 that will get your fired.
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It's another new era of digital and marketers are faced with making big bets on their digital strategy. If you are looking at modernizing your tech stack to support your digital evolution, there are a few can't miss (often overlooked) areas that should be part of every conversation. We'll cover setting your vision, avoiding siloes, adding a democratized approach to data strategy, localization, creating critical governance requirements and more. Attendees will walk away with actions they can take into initiatives they are running today and consider for the future.
2. Importance in B2B(business to
business firms)
• It is common for a B2B firm to have
substantial investment costs and will often
need to implement labour-intensive
promotional strategies.
• Example- Aluminium industry
3. • Personal selling is
commonly used in
business markets.
• Some complex or
expensive products may
have a sales lead-time of
several years, which
means a team of sales
people may easily invest
100s of hours in gaining
a sale.
4. Business markets can be segmented
on the basis of these five variables:
Demographic Operating
Purchasing
Approaches
Situational
Factors
Personal
characteristics
5.
6. Approach to business segmentation
1st Stage : Identify Macro segment
2nd Stage : Identify Micro segment
7. Example
• The first variable considered is a business description, which broadly splits
the potential market into food service, manufacturing, and supermarkets.
food service was then further split by business description
(restaurant/café or pizza outlet) and then by operating practice (whether
or not they are a franchised operation).
• Manufacturers are further defined by whether they use pizza sauce as a
key ingredient (say for frozen pizza) or may use this style of sauce in other
products (frozen or microwavable pasta for example). And finally
supermarkets were further defined by whether or not they already sell a
private label pizza sauce through their stores.