This presentation covered all the important aspects of organizational buying or b2b buying which help the others who are either in business or a student.
This document outlines the five stages of the consumer buying decision process: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase decision. It describes each stage in detail, including how needs are triggered, the major information sources used in the search stage, and how satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a purchase can impact future purchase decisions and recommendations to others. The evaluation stage considers how judgments are made consciously and attributes are assessed based on beliefs. The post-purchase stages examine satisfaction levels, potential actions like repeat purchases or warnings to others, and product usage over time.
This document discusses marketing channels and distribution strategies. It defines marketing channels and discusses their objectives, functions, types including intensive distribution, selective distribution and exclusive distribution. It also covers topics like consumer and business channels, marketing flows, importance of channels, channel design process and attributes of different channel strategies.
This document discusses consumer buying behavior and the factors that influence it. It outlines the consumer buying decision process which includes problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. It also describes types of buying behavior like routine response, limited decision, and impulse buying. Key factors that influence consumer behavior are personal factors, psychological factors, social factors, cultural factors, and groups or family. The stages of the consumer buying process and examples of psychological versus functional motives are also summarized.
Perception involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information. Sensation is the immediate response to stimuli, while perception adds interpretation. Selective perception means we notice some things more than others based on internal factors like motivation and external ones like size and motion. Gestalt principles of perceptual organization include figure/ground, grouping, closure, and good continuation. Perceptual interpretation involves applying stereotypes, judging appearances, using descriptive terms, forming first impressions, and halo effects. Positioning creates an image for a product or service in consumers' minds through communications and benefits rather than attributes. Repositioning may be needed due to competitors, lifestyle changes, or target segments.
The document provides an overview of chapters in a book on consumer behavior, including introductions to consumer behavior, the consumer research process, market segmentation and targeting, consumer motivation, personality and consumer behavior, consumer perception, consumer learning, attitude formation and change, communication processes, factors influencing consumer behavior, opinion leadership, and the consumer decision-making process. It lists the chapter titles and page numbers for each of the 11 chapters covered in the book. The document serves as a table of contents that outlines the topics and structure of the consumer behavior book.
This document discusses organizational buying behavior in business-to-business contexts. It describes the differences between consumer and organizational buying processes. Organizational buying involves multiple people and stages, including problem recognition, specification, supplier search, selection, and review. Key roles in organizational procurement include buyers, users, initiators, gatekeepers, influencers, and deciders. The document outlines factors that influence organizational buying behavior such as product type, risks, and complex buying centers. It also discusses considerations for B2B marketing including long decision times, high risks, flexibility, and technical knowledge.
The document discusses the marketing process and provides details on Nestle Pakistan. It defines marketing and outlines the key steps in the marketing process - situation analysis, marketing strategy, marketing mix decisions, and implementation and control. It then provides an overview of Nestle Pakistan, including its vision, mission, products, competitors, and SWOT analysis. In its analysis, it notes that while Nestle Pakistan's sales are increasing, some areas need strategic improvements to further boost sales. It recommends Nestle increase profitability by being more proactive and expanding its outlets in Pakistan.
This document outlines the five stages of the consumer buying decision process: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase decision. It describes each stage in detail, including how needs are triggered, the major information sources used in the search stage, and how satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a purchase can impact future purchase decisions and recommendations to others. The evaluation stage considers how judgments are made consciously and attributes are assessed based on beliefs. The post-purchase stages examine satisfaction levels, potential actions like repeat purchases or warnings to others, and product usage over time.
This document discusses marketing channels and distribution strategies. It defines marketing channels and discusses their objectives, functions, types including intensive distribution, selective distribution and exclusive distribution. It also covers topics like consumer and business channels, marketing flows, importance of channels, channel design process and attributes of different channel strategies.
This document discusses consumer buying behavior and the factors that influence it. It outlines the consumer buying decision process which includes problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. It also describes types of buying behavior like routine response, limited decision, and impulse buying. Key factors that influence consumer behavior are personal factors, psychological factors, social factors, cultural factors, and groups or family. The stages of the consumer buying process and examples of psychological versus functional motives are also summarized.
Perception involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information. Sensation is the immediate response to stimuli, while perception adds interpretation. Selective perception means we notice some things more than others based on internal factors like motivation and external ones like size and motion. Gestalt principles of perceptual organization include figure/ground, grouping, closure, and good continuation. Perceptual interpretation involves applying stereotypes, judging appearances, using descriptive terms, forming first impressions, and halo effects. Positioning creates an image for a product or service in consumers' minds through communications and benefits rather than attributes. Repositioning may be needed due to competitors, lifestyle changes, or target segments.
The document provides an overview of chapters in a book on consumer behavior, including introductions to consumer behavior, the consumer research process, market segmentation and targeting, consumer motivation, personality and consumer behavior, consumer perception, consumer learning, attitude formation and change, communication processes, factors influencing consumer behavior, opinion leadership, and the consumer decision-making process. It lists the chapter titles and page numbers for each of the 11 chapters covered in the book. The document serves as a table of contents that outlines the topics and structure of the consumer behavior book.
This document discusses organizational buying behavior in business-to-business contexts. It describes the differences between consumer and organizational buying processes. Organizational buying involves multiple people and stages, including problem recognition, specification, supplier search, selection, and review. Key roles in organizational procurement include buyers, users, initiators, gatekeepers, influencers, and deciders. The document outlines factors that influence organizational buying behavior such as product type, risks, and complex buying centers. It also discusses considerations for B2B marketing including long decision times, high risks, flexibility, and technical knowledge.
The document discusses the marketing process and provides details on Nestle Pakistan. It defines marketing and outlines the key steps in the marketing process - situation analysis, marketing strategy, marketing mix decisions, and implementation and control. It then provides an overview of Nestle Pakistan, including its vision, mission, products, competitors, and SWOT analysis. In its analysis, it notes that while Nestle Pakistan's sales are increasing, some areas need strategic improvements to further boost sales. It recommends Nestle increase profitability by being more proactive and expanding its outlets in Pakistan.
The document discusses consumer behavior and organizational buyer behavior. It defines consumer behavior and explains why marketers should study it. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the consumer decision making process, which involves problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. It also discusses cognitive dissonance and organizational buyer behavior, including the decision making unit and types of buying situations.
Ruchika Kulshrestha defines consumer decision making as a process of gathering and evaluating information to select the best option to solve a problem or make a purchase choice. The consumer decision making process involves several steps: recognizing a problem or need, searching for information to address the need, evaluating alternatives, making a purchase decision, and evaluating the post-purchase experience. Key factors that influence the process include involvement level, attitudes, external stimuli, and feedback from other customers.
important Organizational buying behavior aarati jadhav
This document discusses organizational buying behavior. It defines organizational buying as the process by which organizations identify needs, evaluate options, and choose products and suppliers. It describes the characteristics of organizational buying, including large purchase quantities and involvement of multiple people within the organization. The document outlines different types of organizational buying situations and the major influences on business buyers, including environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors. It then details the stages in the organizational buying process and concludes by identifying the different roles involved in organizational buying decisions, such as users, influencers, deciders, and approvers.
The holistic marketing concept has four main components: 1) relationship marketing, 2) integrated marketing, 3) internal marketing, and 4) social responsibility marketing. Relationship marketing focuses on building long-term relationships with customers, suppliers, and partners. Integrated marketing combines marketing activities to create and deliver value for customers. Internal marketing involves training employees to serve customers well. Social responsibility marketing considers the needs of society as well as customers and profits. The outcomes of holistic marketing include developing marketing strategies and plans to connect with target markets while delivering value through an integrated approach.
This document discusses various pricing concepts and methods in marketing management. It defines key terms like price and pricing. It outlines common pricing objectives like maximizing profit and increasing market share. Some pricing policies are also mentioned like flexible pricing and bundle pricing. The document then describes the steps to set a price and various pricing methods such as mark-up pricing, perceived value pricing, going rate pricing, target return pricing, and break-even pricing. It concludes by listing several pricing strategies used in business.
"Consumer behaviour may be defined as the behaviour that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, evaluating and disposing of produces, services and ideas which they expect will satisfy their needs."
This document discusses motivating sales forces at different career stages. It covers motivational theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. The document also discusses how motivation impacts sales force productivity and the different factors that influence it. It analyzes motivating different personality types within the sales force. Finally, it examines motivating salespeople at different career stages from exploration to disengagement and the challenges associated with each stage.
The document discusses consumer buying behavior and the factors that influence purchase decisions. It describes the consumer buying decision process as having 5 stages: need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior. It then lists and explains the cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors that affect consumer decisions at each stage of the process. Finally, it outlines 4 types of buying behavior: complex, dissonance, habitual, and variety-seeking.
Consumer buying behavior refers to the decision processes and acts of individuals and households who purchase products and services for personal use. The stages of consumer buying behavior include problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, purchase, and post-purchase evaluation. Consumer buying behavior theory seeks to understand these stages and how consumers make purchase decisions based on their needs, search for information, criteria for evaluating options, and satisfaction after the purchase.
Influence of culture on consumer behavior by jayshah316Jay Shah
The role culture plays in building a sound brand strategy is more important than ever. Think beyond demo and psychographic insights. While those elements still play an important role, savvy brand builders are layering in the measurable impact consumer’s culture has on what brands they support.
What consumers thinking before purchasing the commodity or how they take decisions for purchasing any commodity.
This presentation covered the stages of buying process of coonsumer.So, it helps to analyse the buying behaviour of people.
The document discusses consumer decision making and relationship marketing. It covers levels of consumer decision making from extensive problem solving to routinized response behavior. It also discusses four models of consumer decision making: economic, passive, cognitive, and emotional views. Finally, it discusses relationship marketing, which aims to create strong relationships between customers and businesses.
Distribution channels are an important part of the supply chain that focuses on making products available to customers. Channel decisions can significantly impact what consumers pay, with distribution costs sometimes accounting for over 60% of the retail price. While more efficient channels like supermarkets have lower margins, distribution still makes up around 30% of the consumer price. Producers have various channel options to sell directly to consumers or through retailers, agents, wholesalers or a hybrid system. The objectives are to make the right products available to customers at the right time and place cost effectively while meeting service requirements.
This document discusses business markets and organizational buying. It covers key differences between business and consumer markets. The business buying process involves multiple roles and stages. Buyers consider various factors like price, quality, and relationships. Suppliers build trust and collaborate with buyers to establish long-term relationships. Various research methods and tools help understand customer needs better to improve the buying and decision process.
Chapter 1 DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURYNishant Agrawal
DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURY
WHAT IS MARKETED?
DEMAND STATES
Core MARKETING CONCEPTS
MARKETING CONCEPTS
Company orientation
Towards marketplace
COMPANY ORIENTATION
Holistic Marketing Concept
Understand four Ps (Marketing Mix)
MARKETING TASKS
This document discusses retail marketing communication. It begins by defining retail communication as programs conducted by retailers to inform customers about products, services, and stores. The main goals are to increase the customer base and sales volume. Communication also helps build the store image. Key functions of retail communication include providing information, persuading customers, and reminding them about offerings. Common communication methods are advertising, sales promotions, store atmosphere, websites, salespeople, email, direct mail, and word-of-mouth. Developing an effective communication plan involves establishing objectives, determining the budget, allocating the budget, and implementing and evaluating the programs.
This document discusses dynamics of industrial buying behavior. It compares consumer and industrial buying processes, noting industrial buying is more complicated with multiple phases and decision makers involved. The main types of industrial buying situations are described as straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks. Stages of industrial procurement decision making are outlined as preliminary application, tender proposal, negotiation, order processing, and warranty/services. Roles in industrial buying centers, including buyer, user, influencer, gatekeeper, and decider are also summarized.
The document discusses industrial buying behavior and processes. It begins by explaining how industrial buying differs from consumer buying in that it involves the purchase of machinery, materials, and services for organizational use rather than direct consumption. Industrial buying is a complex process that typically involves multiple participants in the buying center, including initiators, users, influencers, and gatekeepers. There are three main types of industrial buying situations: straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks. The buying process generally involves recognizing needs, specifying requirements, searching for suppliers, analyzing proposals, selecting suppliers, and post-purchase evaluation. Decision making power is shared among a decision-making unit (DMU) comprising various roles within the organization. Key factors that influence
1. Brand management includes analyzing how a brand is positioned in retail and maintaining its reputation.
2. Brand equity represents the added value provided to a product from past marketing investments. It links past brand performance to future brand actions.
3. Successful retail branding ensures stable long-term demand, better margins, product differentiation, trust in fulfillment of expectations, and protection from competition.
This document summarizes key aspects of business-to-business marketing and the organizational buying process. It defines business markets and how they differ from consumer markets. It describes the different participants in the organizational buying center and the stages in the buying process. Finally, it discusses strategies for building strong relationships with business customers, including managing risks and opportunities, and approaches for marketing to institutional and government buyers.
The document summarizes business buying behavior and the business buying decision-making process. There are four main categories of business buyers: producers, resellers, government, and institutions. Business buying involves many people and is a more professional and complex process compared to individual consumer buying. The three main stages of business buying decisions are need recognition, supplier identification, and order placement/performance review. Several factors influence business buyer behavior, including environmental factors, organizational factors, and interpersonal factors within the buying organization.
The document summarizes an assignment on organizational buying behavior. It discusses key differences between organizational and consumer buying processes, including more extensive analysis and formal decision making in organizations. It also outlines three types of organizational buying situations - new task, modified rebuy, and straight rebuy - and evaluates influences on organizational buyers like environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors. Finally, it explains the eight steps in organizational decision making: problem recognition, need description, specification, supplier search, proposal solicitation, supplier selection, order specification, and performance review.
The document discusses consumer behavior and organizational buyer behavior. It defines consumer behavior and explains why marketers should study it. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the consumer decision making process, which involves problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. It also discusses cognitive dissonance and organizational buyer behavior, including the decision making unit and types of buying situations.
Ruchika Kulshrestha defines consumer decision making as a process of gathering and evaluating information to select the best option to solve a problem or make a purchase choice. The consumer decision making process involves several steps: recognizing a problem or need, searching for information to address the need, evaluating alternatives, making a purchase decision, and evaluating the post-purchase experience. Key factors that influence the process include involvement level, attitudes, external stimuli, and feedback from other customers.
important Organizational buying behavior aarati jadhav
This document discusses organizational buying behavior. It defines organizational buying as the process by which organizations identify needs, evaluate options, and choose products and suppliers. It describes the characteristics of organizational buying, including large purchase quantities and involvement of multiple people within the organization. The document outlines different types of organizational buying situations and the major influences on business buyers, including environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors. It then details the stages in the organizational buying process and concludes by identifying the different roles involved in organizational buying decisions, such as users, influencers, deciders, and approvers.
The holistic marketing concept has four main components: 1) relationship marketing, 2) integrated marketing, 3) internal marketing, and 4) social responsibility marketing. Relationship marketing focuses on building long-term relationships with customers, suppliers, and partners. Integrated marketing combines marketing activities to create and deliver value for customers. Internal marketing involves training employees to serve customers well. Social responsibility marketing considers the needs of society as well as customers and profits. The outcomes of holistic marketing include developing marketing strategies and plans to connect with target markets while delivering value through an integrated approach.
This document discusses various pricing concepts and methods in marketing management. It defines key terms like price and pricing. It outlines common pricing objectives like maximizing profit and increasing market share. Some pricing policies are also mentioned like flexible pricing and bundle pricing. The document then describes the steps to set a price and various pricing methods such as mark-up pricing, perceived value pricing, going rate pricing, target return pricing, and break-even pricing. It concludes by listing several pricing strategies used in business.
"Consumer behaviour may be defined as the behaviour that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, evaluating and disposing of produces, services and ideas which they expect will satisfy their needs."
This document discusses motivating sales forces at different career stages. It covers motivational theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. The document also discusses how motivation impacts sales force productivity and the different factors that influence it. It analyzes motivating different personality types within the sales force. Finally, it examines motivating salespeople at different career stages from exploration to disengagement and the challenges associated with each stage.
The document discusses consumer buying behavior and the factors that influence purchase decisions. It describes the consumer buying decision process as having 5 stages: need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior. It then lists and explains the cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors that affect consumer decisions at each stage of the process. Finally, it outlines 4 types of buying behavior: complex, dissonance, habitual, and variety-seeking.
Consumer buying behavior refers to the decision processes and acts of individuals and households who purchase products and services for personal use. The stages of consumer buying behavior include problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, purchase, and post-purchase evaluation. Consumer buying behavior theory seeks to understand these stages and how consumers make purchase decisions based on their needs, search for information, criteria for evaluating options, and satisfaction after the purchase.
Influence of culture on consumer behavior by jayshah316Jay Shah
The role culture plays in building a sound brand strategy is more important than ever. Think beyond demo and psychographic insights. While those elements still play an important role, savvy brand builders are layering in the measurable impact consumer’s culture has on what brands they support.
What consumers thinking before purchasing the commodity or how they take decisions for purchasing any commodity.
This presentation covered the stages of buying process of coonsumer.So, it helps to analyse the buying behaviour of people.
The document discusses consumer decision making and relationship marketing. It covers levels of consumer decision making from extensive problem solving to routinized response behavior. It also discusses four models of consumer decision making: economic, passive, cognitive, and emotional views. Finally, it discusses relationship marketing, which aims to create strong relationships between customers and businesses.
Distribution channels are an important part of the supply chain that focuses on making products available to customers. Channel decisions can significantly impact what consumers pay, with distribution costs sometimes accounting for over 60% of the retail price. While more efficient channels like supermarkets have lower margins, distribution still makes up around 30% of the consumer price. Producers have various channel options to sell directly to consumers or through retailers, agents, wholesalers or a hybrid system. The objectives are to make the right products available to customers at the right time and place cost effectively while meeting service requirements.
This document discusses business markets and organizational buying. It covers key differences between business and consumer markets. The business buying process involves multiple roles and stages. Buyers consider various factors like price, quality, and relationships. Suppliers build trust and collaborate with buyers to establish long-term relationships. Various research methods and tools help understand customer needs better to improve the buying and decision process.
Chapter 1 DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURYNishant Agrawal
DEFINING MARKETING FOR THE 21st CENTURY
WHAT IS MARKETED?
DEMAND STATES
Core MARKETING CONCEPTS
MARKETING CONCEPTS
Company orientation
Towards marketplace
COMPANY ORIENTATION
Holistic Marketing Concept
Understand four Ps (Marketing Mix)
MARKETING TASKS
This document discusses retail marketing communication. It begins by defining retail communication as programs conducted by retailers to inform customers about products, services, and stores. The main goals are to increase the customer base and sales volume. Communication also helps build the store image. Key functions of retail communication include providing information, persuading customers, and reminding them about offerings. Common communication methods are advertising, sales promotions, store atmosphere, websites, salespeople, email, direct mail, and word-of-mouth. Developing an effective communication plan involves establishing objectives, determining the budget, allocating the budget, and implementing and evaluating the programs.
This document discusses dynamics of industrial buying behavior. It compares consumer and industrial buying processes, noting industrial buying is more complicated with multiple phases and decision makers involved. The main types of industrial buying situations are described as straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks. Stages of industrial procurement decision making are outlined as preliminary application, tender proposal, negotiation, order processing, and warranty/services. Roles in industrial buying centers, including buyer, user, influencer, gatekeeper, and decider are also summarized.
The document discusses industrial buying behavior and processes. It begins by explaining how industrial buying differs from consumer buying in that it involves the purchase of machinery, materials, and services for organizational use rather than direct consumption. Industrial buying is a complex process that typically involves multiple participants in the buying center, including initiators, users, influencers, and gatekeepers. There are three main types of industrial buying situations: straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks. The buying process generally involves recognizing needs, specifying requirements, searching for suppliers, analyzing proposals, selecting suppliers, and post-purchase evaluation. Decision making power is shared among a decision-making unit (DMU) comprising various roles within the organization. Key factors that influence
1. Brand management includes analyzing how a brand is positioned in retail and maintaining its reputation.
2. Brand equity represents the added value provided to a product from past marketing investments. It links past brand performance to future brand actions.
3. Successful retail branding ensures stable long-term demand, better margins, product differentiation, trust in fulfillment of expectations, and protection from competition.
This document summarizes key aspects of business-to-business marketing and the organizational buying process. It defines business markets and how they differ from consumer markets. It describes the different participants in the organizational buying center and the stages in the buying process. Finally, it discusses strategies for building strong relationships with business customers, including managing risks and opportunities, and approaches for marketing to institutional and government buyers.
The document summarizes business buying behavior and the business buying decision-making process. There are four main categories of business buyers: producers, resellers, government, and institutions. Business buying involves many people and is a more professional and complex process compared to individual consumer buying. The three main stages of business buying decisions are need recognition, supplier identification, and order placement/performance review. Several factors influence business buyer behavior, including environmental factors, organizational factors, and interpersonal factors within the buying organization.
The document summarizes an assignment on organizational buying behavior. It discusses key differences between organizational and consumer buying processes, including more extensive analysis and formal decision making in organizations. It also outlines three types of organizational buying situations - new task, modified rebuy, and straight rebuy - and evaluates influences on organizational buyers like environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors. Finally, it explains the eight steps in organizational decision making: problem recognition, need description, specification, supplier search, proposal solicitation, supplier selection, order specification, and performance review.
The document defines business markets and how they differ from consumer markets. It identifies major factors that influence business buyer behavior such as environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors. It also lists and defines the typical steps in a business buying decision process which includes problem recognition, need description, specification, supplier search, proposal solicitation, selection, ordering, and performance review. It compares institutional markets which provide goods and services to people in care facilities with low budgets to government markets which require bids and favor domestic suppliers.
There are three main types of buying situations:
Straight rebuy occurs for routine, repetitive orders where the buyer routinely orders from an approved list of existing suppliers with whom they are satisfied. Modified rebuy takes place when the buyer wants to modify aspects of an existing purchase such as specifications, price, or terms. New buy is when a buyer is purchasing a product or service for the first time, which involves higher perceived risk, more participants in the buying process, and greater information collection about alternatives.
The document discusses business markets and business buying behavior. It provides an outline of topics covered which include business markets, business buyer behavior, the business buying process, e-procurement, and institutional and government markets. It then proceeds to define key terms and concepts, describe the major types of business buying situations and participants in the buying process, and outlines the typical stages involved in the business buying process.
- Provide technical information
Assist in evaluation
Provide post purchase feedback
Decider: - Approve the purchase
Final decision maker
Gatekeeper: - Control information flow
Screening suppliers
Influencer: - Provide technical advice
Recommend suppliers
User: - Provide product specifications
Evaluate product performance
Top Management: - Approve major purchase
Provide budget & policy guidelines
4. Segmenting the Business Market
- Importance of Market Segmentation
- Bases for Segmenting Business Markets
- Geographic Segmentation
- Demographic Segmentation
- Psychographic Segmentation
- Behavioral Segmentation
- Benefit Segmentation
The document discusses the nature of industrial buying and organizational purchasing processes. It describes the typical stages in an organizational buying process including problem recognition, specifications, supplier search, proposal analysis, selection, and performance review. It also outlines three common buying situations: new tasks, modified rebuys, and straight rebuys. New tasks involve the most information gathering and problem solving while straight rebuys require little new information. The document also discusses forces that influence organizational buying behavior like the economy, technology, and goals/strategies of the purchasing organization.
The document discusses consumer and business buying behavior. It identifies several factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, including cultural, social, and personal factors. It also outlines the key stages in a business's purchasing process, from problem recognition to performance review. Several major influences on business buyers are identified, such as environmental, organizational, interpersonal, and individual factors.
E-marketing refers to marketing products and services using electronic media and the internet. It allows companies to connect with consumers globally in inexpensive ways like websites, banner ads, and social media. Some key benefits of e-marketing include lower costs than traditional marketing, the ability to target large audiences, and its interactive and measurable nature. However, limitations include possible scams, an inability to physically see products, and technology issues like slow connections. Popular online shopping sites in India that receive high customer ratings include Flipkart, eBay, Tradus, and Futurebazaar. E-marketing is expected to continue growing significantly in the coming years.
This document discusses decision processes and buying situations. It identifies three types of buying situations - straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new task - and notes the different participants involved in each type. The phases of decision making are also examined, including the roles of initiators, users, influencers, approvers, deciders, gatekeepers, and buyers throughout the various stages of the purchasing process. Specific examples are provided to illustrate straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new task situations.
The document discusses e-business strategy and implementation planning. It defines strategy and outlines the key steps: propose a future situation, assess the current internal and external environment, and choose a strategy. Implementation planning involves refining scope, identifying activities and resources, developing a schedule, planning procurement and budgets, and managing risks. The outputs should be a project plan to guide effective implementation.
This document provides an overview of business-to-business marketing and the organizational buying process. It discusses that business marketing involves facilitating the sale of products and services to other businesses rather than individual consumers. The buying process in organizations is more complex than consumer buying as it usually involves multiple people in different buying roles such as users, influencers, deciders, and gatekeepers. The document also outlines the different stages in the organizational buying process from problem recognition to supplier selection.
The document discusses IBM's e-business strategy. IBM aims to transform itself into an e-business to capture new opportunities from technologies like e-commerce. Its strategy focuses on four goals: lead IBM's transformation, facilitate business unit transformation, establish an online strategy, and leverage case studies. Key initiatives include e-commerce, customer service, procurement, marketing and employee services. Implementation has saved IBM $5 billion through procurement and reduced paper invoices.
The document discusses the rise of e-commerce and its impact on businesses. It covers topics like how e-commerce is influencing purchases, the increasing consumer spending online, and how companies are responding to the challenges of competing against online retailers. E-commerce is creating incentives for companies to enhance personalization, customer acquisition is getting more expensive, and intermediaries are threatened while new distribution strategies are emerging.
This document discusses various topics related to electronic retailing and commerce. It begins by describing electronic retailing or e-tailing, and the different business models for e-tailing. It then discusses topics like online travel services, the online job market, real estate and stock trading services, banking and personal finance online, and the delivery of digital products and entertainment. It also covers online purchase decision aids and lessons learned from early e-tailing businesses.
What buying situation do organisational buyers face?Sameer Mathur
this presentation is based on the question "What buying situation do organisational buyers face?" as given in south asian perspective of marketing management by kotler and keller.
Puthur Infotech is an office solutions company based in India that provides technology solutions and manpower services. It offers products and solutions such as AV/boardroom integration, video conferencing, IP PBX systems, IT/networking, biometric systems, CCTV, document management, printers, and staffing services. The company aims to be a one-stop shop for office infrastructure and has experience providing solutions to organizations in industries such as government, education, defense, and telecommunications. It has regional offices across India and the UK and works with brands such as Avaya, Cisco, Polycom, Toshiba, and Hitachi.
This document provides an overview of business markets and business buyer behavior. It discusses key differences between business and consumer markets, including that business demand is derived from consumer demand. The business buying process and major types of buying situations are also summarized. The roles of different participants in the business buying center are outlined. Major influences on business buyers and the steps in the business buying process are then described at a high level. The document concludes with brief summaries of e-procurement, institutional markets, and government markets.
This document discusses the organizational buying process and the factors that influence it. It describes the typical stages in the buying process, including problem recognition, defining needs, specifying products, searching for suppliers, acquiring proposals, selecting suppliers, establishing order routines, and performance reviews. It also discusses the three main types of buying situations: new tasks, straight rebuys, and modified rebuys. Additionally, it outlines the environmental, organizational, group, and individual forces that shape organizational buying behavior and how marketers can understand and influence the process.
This document discusses the five stages of the business buying process:
1) Problem recognition where a business recognizes an issue that needs addressing.
2) Information search where the business gathers information from various sources to learn more about solutions.
3) Evaluation of alternatives where the business evaluates different product options.
4) Purchase decision where the business decides on specific details of the purchase like brand, retailer, and payment.
5) Post-purchase behavior which influences future customer engagement through satisfaction or dissatisfaction.
This document discusses the buying decision process for organizational/business purchases. It outlines a 5-stage model: 1) problem recognition, 2) information search, 3) evaluation of alternatives, 4) purchase decision, and 5) post-purchase behavior. It also discusses key participants in the business buying process like the buying center. Different types of business customers and solutions selling are also covered. Finally, it reviews typical stages in the buying process for business purchases.
1. The document discusses the organizational buying process which involves 7 steps from problem recognition to performance review.
2. It describes 3 types of buying situations: new task, modified rebuy, and straight rebuy which differ in the level of information needed and problem solving approach.
3. Multiple forces influence organizational buying behavior including environmental, organizational, group, and individual factors.
The document discusses various aspects of business-to-business (B2B) marketing such as:
1) B2B marketing involves marketing products and services to other businesses rather than directly to consumers. The purpose is to make other companies familiar with the brand and convert them into customers.
2) There are key differences between B2B and business-to-consumer (B2C) marketing like the target audience, communication style, decision-making process, and goals of customers.
3) Organizational buying behavior is complex and involves multiple individuals and stages like need recognition, supplier selection, and performance review. Models like the buygrid framework and Webster and Wind model provide structure to understand this process
Business markets differ from consumer markets in several key ways. Business buying involves more participants in complex decision-making processes. The business buying process consists of multiple stages from problem recognition to performance review. Key factors that influence business buyer behavior include economic, personal, environmental, organizational, and interpersonal influences. Business purchases are also increasingly conducted online through e-procurement systems.
The document discusses organizational buying behavior in business markets. It defines organizational buying as the process by which organizations identify needs, evaluate alternatives, and choose products and suppliers. There are key differences between business and consumer markets such as business markets having fewer but larger buyers who prefer close relationships with suppliers. The buying process involves multiple individuals and stages from recognizing needs to evaluating performance. Business marketers must understand these dynamics to effectively target their efforts.
Business markets involve the sale of goods and services to other businesses rather than individual consumers. Business buyers face different situations like straight rebuys, modified rebuys, or new tasks. Multiple people are involved in organizational buying decisions, including users, buyers, influencers, deciders, and gatekeepers. The business buying process involves stages like problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior. Factors like product characteristics, price, supplier service, and relationships influence business buyer decisions.
What buying situations do organizational buyers faceSameer Mathur
Organizational buyers face different purchase situations depending on complexity, requirements, number of people involved, and time. There are three main buying situations: straight rebuy which is routine reordering from an approved supplier list; modified rebuy where buyers want to change specifications or terms; and new task which involves purchasing a new product or service for the first time and passing through awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption stages with different information sources most useful at each stage.
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Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Powerpoint presentation,presented by Group C,Department of Finance and Banking-Faculty of Business Studies,University of Barisal.
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The document discusses business-to-business (B2B) markets. It defines B2B as transactions between businesses where both the buyer and seller are business entities. It describes the nature of demand in B2B markets as derived, joint, and inelastic. It outlines the characteristics of B2B buyer-seller relationships and the multi-stage purchase decision process used by businesses. It also discusses the sizes and types of businesses that are active in B2B markets.
This document discusses organizational buying and the business buying process. It defines organizational buying as the process by which formal organizations identify, evaluate, and choose products and services. There are differences between business and consumer markets - business markets involve transactions between businesses while consumer markets involve direct sales to individuals. The business buying process involves multiple participants and typically includes problem recognition, defining needs, searching for suppliers, soliciting proposals, selecting suppliers, ordering, and reviewing performance. Key participants in the buying center include initiators, users, influencers, deciders, approvers, buyers, and gatekeepers.
This document discusses business markets, types of business buying situations, and the business buying process. It covers the following key points:
1. Business markets have fewer, larger buyers that are geographically concentrated with inelastic, fluctuating demand derived from another industry. Decision making is more complex and formalized with close, long-term buyer-seller relationships.
2. The major types of business buying situations are straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new task.
3. The business buying process includes problem recognition, need description, product specification, supplier search, proposal solicitation, supplier selection, order routine specification, and performance review.
This document provides an overview of analyzing business markets. It discusses key concepts like organizational buying, business vs consumer markets, participants in the business buying process, stages of the buying process, developing effective business-to-business marketing programs, and managing business-to-business relationships. The document outlines these topics and provides definitions and examples to explain important business marketing concepts like the buying center, supplier search methods, relationship management approaches, and characteristics of institutional and government markets.
1. The document discusses business and organizational customers and their buying behaviors, focusing on different types of organizational buyers like manufacturers, retailers, wholesalers, and governments.
2. It explains the organizational buying process, which can involve new-task, modified rebuy, or straight rebuy purchases. Multiple influencers are often involved in business purchase decisions as part of a buying center.
3. The document outlines basic organizational buying methods like inspection, description, negotiated contracts, and sampling. It also discusses different types of buyer-seller relationships and important terms related to organizational purchasing.
Small changes in consumer demand can impact industrial supply needs. Demand for industrial goods is often derived from demand for other related goods. For example, demand for wood pulp is derived from demand for paper.
Industrial buying involves multiple people in the decision making process compared to consumer buying. Many factors influence industrial purchases, including price, quality, delivery, and services. The purchasing process typically involves understanding needs, specifying requirements, evaluating suppliers, selecting a supplier, and providing feedback.
Effective industrial marketing relies on ongoing market research to understand customers, competitors, and the business environment. Marketing research involves defining objectives, designing the research, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings to support decision making. New product development must satisfy customer
This document provides an overview of business-to-business (B2B) marketing. It discusses key topics such as organizational buying behavior, relationship management, segmenting the B2B market, and managing products, services, price, channels, and communications for B2B. It also covers case studies and the differences between industrial and consumer marketing. The document is intended as an introduction and outline for the subject of B2B marketing.
This document outlines the organizational buying process, which includes 7 stages: 1) problem recognition, 2) describing needs and specifying products, 3) supplier search, 4) soliciting proposals, 5) supplier selection, 6) ordering and specifying contracts, and 7) performance review. It discusses the differences between business and consumer markets, as well as the various participants in the business buying center such as initiators, users, influencers, deciders, approvers, buyers, and gatekeepers. The purchasing process and each stage is then described in more detail.
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This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
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4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
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9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
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12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
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15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
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Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
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Frameworks/Models included:
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Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
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21. Problem Recognition Stages in the BusinessBuying Process:- General Need Description Product Specification Supplier Search Proposal Solicitation Supplier Selection Order Routine Specification Performance Review