1. The earliest identifiable civilization in Burma was the Pyu in the 1st century BC, who established several city-states and practiced Theravada Buddhism.
2. In the 6th century, the Mon kingdom expanded into lower Burma and founded the Thaton Kingdom, introducing Indian culture and Theravada Buddhism.
3. The Pagan Kingdom from 1044-1287 was Burma's golden age, during which King Anawrahta unified the kingdom and over 13,000 temples were built, including introducing Theravada Buddhism by defeating the Mon Kingdom of Thaton.
The course of the Mali Empire during the 'medieval period.'Fall of the Ghana Empire and rise and fall of the Mali Empire. Coming of Islam to West Africa.Decline of the Mali Empire. Trade in gold and salt. Cowries as money.
Kolokium Siswazah dan Prasiswazah Pengajian Arab dan Tamadun Islam (e-KOSPATI 3.0) 2021
7-9 Julai 2021; SlideShare.net & Channel YouTube
Pembentang Utama: Dr. Izziah Suryani Mat Resad @ Arshad (UKM)
Anjuran:
1. Program Pengajian Arab dan Tamadun Islam (PPATI), FPI, UKM
2. Pusat Kajian Bahasa Arab dan Tamadun Islam (ArabIC), FPI, UKM
3. Duta Pembelajaran Aktif @PPATI-ArabIC, FPI, UKM
4. Kluster Peradaban dan Kepelbagaian Budaya, FPI, UKM
Top Facts about Thailand That Will Surprise You!StudyCountry
Thailand officially referred to as the Kingdom of Thailand, previously known as Siam, is a nation at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia. It occupies a total area of roughly 513,000 km² and it is the 51st biggest country in the world. It has a population of about 66 million people, making it the 20th most populated country in the globe.
Get more info : http://www.studycountry.com/guide/TH-history.htm
The course of the Mali Empire during the 'medieval period.'Fall of the Ghana Empire and rise and fall of the Mali Empire. Coming of Islam to West Africa.Decline of the Mali Empire. Trade in gold and salt. Cowries as money.
Kolokium Siswazah dan Prasiswazah Pengajian Arab dan Tamadun Islam (e-KOSPATI 3.0) 2021
7-9 Julai 2021; SlideShare.net & Channel YouTube
Pembentang Utama: Dr. Izziah Suryani Mat Resad @ Arshad (UKM)
Anjuran:
1. Program Pengajian Arab dan Tamadun Islam (PPATI), FPI, UKM
2. Pusat Kajian Bahasa Arab dan Tamadun Islam (ArabIC), FPI, UKM
3. Duta Pembelajaran Aktif @PPATI-ArabIC, FPI, UKM
4. Kluster Peradaban dan Kepelbagaian Budaya, FPI, UKM
Top Facts about Thailand That Will Surprise You!StudyCountry
Thailand officially referred to as the Kingdom of Thailand, previously known as Siam, is a nation at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia. It occupies a total area of roughly 513,000 km² and it is the 51st biggest country in the world. It has a population of about 66 million people, making it the 20th most populated country in the globe.
Get more info : http://www.studycountry.com/guide/TH-history.htm
Exploration and ConquestI. European ExplorationWhy.docxelbanglis
Exploration
and
Conquest
I. European Exploration
Why Explore?
Wealth from direct trade with Asia
Spread the faith
3. Spirit of Renaissance exploration and discovery
4. New technologies
Caravel- long distance ship with triangular sails
Compass -navigational tool
Astrolabe- using the stars to find position
II. Conquistadors
A. Conquistadors- Spanish conquerors of Americas
B. Why conquer the Americas?
1. god, glory, gold
C. Able to conquer because of their newness, modern weapons (horses, steel, and gunpowder), and diseases
The Aztecs and Incas
I. Aztecs (1200-1500)
A. Middle Central America - (Mexico)
B. Capital -Tenochtitlan
1. Located on an island in Lake Texcoco (now Mexico City)
2. Biggest city in the world at the time
3. Chinampas-
floating farms
C. Warrior society but also very educated
E. Human sacrifice
II. Incas (1400 – 1550)
West coast of South America
B. Centrally government controlled economy, religion, and class system
C. Cities
1. Cusco (Captiol)
2. Machu Picchu
D. Extensive road network
E. No writing but recording system (quipu)
Islamic Gunpowder Empires:
Safavid and Mughal
II. Safavid Empire (1500-1722)
A. Located: Persia (modern day Iran), Shi’a Muslim
B. Persecuted the Sunni, came into conflict with the Ottomans and other Muslims
C. Traded silk, carpets, and ceramics along the Silk Road to the West
D. Decline: British and Dutch controlled Indian Ocean trade, raids from tribes along borders
III. Mughal Empire (1526-1750)
A. Islamic conquerors (using gunpowder) took India
B. Achievements
1. Significant population growth with heavy agriculture
2. Taj Mahal- built by Shah Jahan as tomb in memory of his wife
C. Religion
1. Muslims ran the government but allowed religious tolerance
2. Sikhism- religion that blended elements of both Islam and Hinduism
D. Decline
Later rulers persecuted Hindus and Sikhs leading to rebellion
European merchants (especially the British) gained more influence in India through local leaders
Late Chinese Dynasties:
Ming and qing
IV. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
A. Peasants defeated the last of the Mongol armies and claimed the mandate of heaven
B. Restored culture based on Confucianism and civil service
C. Ruled from Forbidden City complex in Beijing, Emperor became isolated from his people – WHY?!?!
D. Foreign Relations
1. Admiral Zheng He extended Ming influence by leading a huge fleet to collect tribute from around the Indian Ocean
2. After, China became isolated but had limited trade with Europeans
V. Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
A. Manchu (NE China) invaded and started a new dynasty
B. Economy prospered with export of tea
C. Chinese believed that their goods and culture were superior to Europeans
D. Isolation prevented them from keeping up with European advancements
Late Chinese Dynasties:
Tang, Song, & Monogls
I. The Chinese Gol ...
Exploration
and
Conquest
I. European Exploration
Why Explore?
Wealth from direct trade with Asia
Spread the faith
3. Spirit of Renaissance exploration and discovery
4. New technologies
Caravel- long distance ship with triangular sails
Compass -navigational tool
Astrolabe- using the stars to find position
II. Conquistadors
A. Conquistadors- Spanish conquerors of Americas
B. Why conquer the Americas?
1. god, glory, gold
C. Able to conquer because of their newness, modern weapons (horses, steel, and gunpowder), and diseases
The Aztecs and Incas
I. Aztecs (1200-1500)
A. Middle Central America - (Mexico)
B. Capital -Tenochtitlan
1. Located on an island in Lake Texcoco (now Mexico City)
2. Biggest city in the world at the time
3. Chinampas-
floating farms
C. Warrior society but also very educated
E. Human sacrifice
II. Incas (1400 – 1550)
West coast of South America
B. Centrally government controlled economy, religion, and class system
C. Cities
1. Cusco (Captiol)
2. Machu Picchu
D. Extensive road network
E. No writing but recording system (quipu)
Islamic Gunpowder Empires:
Safavid and Mughal
II. Safavid Empire (1500-1722)
A. Located: Persia (modern day Iran), Shi’a Muslim
B. Persecuted the Sunni, came into conflict with the Ottomans and other Muslims
C. Traded silk, carpets, and ceramics along the Silk Road to the West
D. Decline: British and Dutch controlled Indian Ocean trade, raids from tribes along borders
III. Mughal Empire (1526-1750)
A. Islamic conquerors (using gunpowder) took India
B. Achievements
1. Significant population growth with heavy agriculture
2. Taj Mahal- built by Shah Jahan as tomb in memory of his wife
C. Religion
1. Muslims ran the government but allowed religious tolerance
2. Sikhism- religion that blended elements of both Islam and Hinduism
D. Decline
Later rulers persecuted Hindus and Sikhs leading to rebellion
European merchants (especially the British) gained more influence in India through local leaders
Late Chinese Dynasties:
Ming and qing
IV. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
A. Peasants defeated the last of the Mongol armies and claimed the mandate of heaven
B. Restored culture based on Confucianism and civil service
C. Ruled from Forbidden City complex in Beijing, Emperor became isolated from his people – WHY?!?!
D. Foreign Relations
1. Admiral Zheng He extended Ming influence by leading a huge fleet to collect tribute from around the Indian Ocean
2. After, China became isolated but had limited trade with Europeans
V. Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
A. Manchu (NE China) invaded and started a new dynasty
B. Economy prospered with export of tea
C. Chinese believed that their goods and culture were superior to Europeans
D. Isolation prevented them from keeping up with European advancements
Late Chinese Dynasties:
Tang, Song, & Monogls
I. The Chinese Gol.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Burmese History
1. Hyohyun Lee
TSEA: Period 1
March 15, 2010
1
Burma Poster Research
Ancient History
[Early History]
1. The first identifiable civilsation is Pyu
a) Pyu: - arrived in Burma in the 1st century BC
- Established city kingdoms at Binnaka, Mongamo, Sri Ksetra,
Peikthanomyo, and Halingyi
- known as a humane & peaceful people (far from war)
- Theravada Buddhism
- Not a kingdom – the most powerful city = Sri Ksetra (largest)
2. Mon
- The 6th century Mon kingdom in Thailand extended its frontiers.
- shifted further west deeper into present day Burma
- Indian culture + Theravada Buddhism
- founded kingdoms in lower Burma (Thaton Kingdom)
3. Pagan (1044-1287)
a) Capital (Pagan) located on the Irrawaddy
River
b) Burma’s golden age
c) 13,000 temples were built
d) Anawrahta (ruled 1044-1077)
- United the kingdom and introduced
Theravada Buddhism
- defeat the Mon kingdom of Thaton in
1057
e) broke up in 1287
Capital was overrun by soldiers from
Kubilai Khan’s Mongol empire
4. Small kingdoms
- after fall of Pagan, the kingdom was
broken up into several small kingdoms
a) Ava (1364-1555)
- under repeated Shan raids
- In 1527, fell to a confederation of Shan
States led by Mohnyin, which ruled much of
Upper Burma from Ava until 1555
b) Hanthawaddy Pegu (1287-1539)
- founded in Martaban
- capital shifted to Pegu in 1369
- under Queen Shin Sawbu and her successor King Dhammazedi -> golden age
- flourish of Mon language and culture / Theravada Buddhism
↓Pagan Kingdom
2. Hyohyun Lee
TSEA: Period 1
March 15, 2010
2
c) Shan States (1287-1557)
- Shans (came down with the Mongols) dominate much of northern to eastern of Burma
- The most powerful Shan states = Mohnyin & Mogaung
- Mohnyin constantly raided Ava’s territory throughout 15th and early 16th centuries
d) Arakan (1287-1784)
e) Toungoo (1531-1752)
- broke away from the Ava kingdom
- After the conquest of Ava by the Monhyin
Shans in 1527, many fled to Toungoo
- European traders – Burma as an important
trading center
- Tabinshwehti moved his capital to Pegu due to
its strategic position for commerce
- King Bayinnaung founded the largest empire in
Burmese history / conquered Ava (1555), Shan
States (1557), Lan Na (Chiang Mai, 1558),
Ayutthaya (1564, 1569)
f) Konbaung Dynasty (1752-1885)
- second largest Burmese empire
↓SEA in 1540
→Toungoo Kingdom
![Hyohyun Lee
TSEA: Period 1
March 15, 2010
1
Burma Poster Research
Ancient History
[Early History]
1. The first identifiable civilsation is Pyu
a) Pyu: - arrived in Burma in the 1st century BC
- Established city kingdoms at Binnaka, Mongamo, Sri Ksetra,
Peikthanomyo, and Halingyi
- known as a humane & peaceful people (far from war)
- Theravada Buddhism
- Not a kingdom – the most powerful city = Sri Ksetra (largest)
2. Mon
- The 6th century Mon kingdom in Thailand extended its frontiers.
- shifted further west deeper into present day Burma
- Indian culture + Theravada Buddhism
- founded kingdoms in lower Burma (Thaton Kingdom)
3. Pagan (1044-1287)
a) Capital (Pagan) located on the Irrawaddy
River
b) Burma’s golden age
c) 13,000 temples were built
d) Anawrahta (ruled 1044-1077)
- United the kingdom and introduced
Theravada Buddhism
- defeat the Mon kingdom of Thaton in
1057
e) broke up in 1287
Capital was overrun by soldiers from
Kubilai Khan’s Mongol empire
4. Small kingdoms
- after fall of Pagan, the kingdom was
broken up into several small kingdoms
a) Ava (1364-1555)
- under repeated Shan raids
- In 1527, fell to a confederation of Shan
States led by Mohnyin, which ruled much of
Upper Burma from Ava until 1555
b) Hanthawaddy Pegu (1287-1539)
- founded in Martaban
- capital shifted to Pegu in 1369
- under Queen Shin Sawbu and her successor King Dhammazedi -> golden age
- flourish of Mon language and culture / Theravada Buddhism
↓Pagan Kingdom](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/burmaposterresearch-101128204526-phpapp02/85/Burmese-History-1-320.jpg)
