action research guide

1. Importance and Relevance of Building a
Culture of Research in the School and Schools
Division

2. What is Culture of Research?
Research culture encompasses the
behaviours, values, expectations, attitudes and
norms of our research communities. It
Influences researchers’ career paths and
determines the way the research is conducted
and communicated.

3. An important aspect of research culture is an
organization’s approach to research integrity
– the formal and informal ethics, standards,
protocols and policies researchers follow in
their environment. Organizations are
increasingly recognizing the importance of
the role of research integrity.

4. Why is Research Ethics are important?
Research Ethics are important- for a number of
reasons:
1.They promote the aims of research, such as
expanding knowledge.
2.They support the values required for
collaborative work, such as mutual respect and
fairness.
3.They support moral values, such as the
principle of doing no harm to others.

5. Major ethical issues in conducting
research:
a)Informed Consent
b)Beneficence-Do not Harm
c) Respect for anonymity and confidentiality
d)Respect for privacy

6. Major ethical issues in conducting
research:
a)Informed Consent -is one of the means by
which a respondent’s right to autonomy is
protected.

7. Respondent’s consent

8. Major ethical issues in conducting research:
b) Beneficence
“ be of benefit, do not harm”
According to Beauchamp et.al, “The principle of
beneficence includes the professional mandate
to do effective and significant research so as to
better serve and promote the welfare of our
constituents”.

9. Major ethical issues in conducting research:
c) Respect for anonymity and confidentiality
The researcher is responsible to maintain
confidentiality that goes beyond ordinary
loyalty.

10. Major ethical issues in conducting research:
d) Respect for Privacy
“ Privacy is the freedom an individual has to
determine the time, extent, and general
circumstances under which private information
will be shared with or withheld from others”.

11. Common Ethical Issues in Research
1. Study design and Ethics approval
According to COPE, “ good research should be
well adjusted, well-planned, appropriately
designed, and ethically approved.

12. Common Ethical Issues in Research
2. Data Analysis- It is the responsibility of the
researcher to analyze the data appropriately.
Inappropriate analysis may cause
misinterpretation and mislead the readers.

13. Common Ethical Issues in Research
3. Authorship- It is generally agreed that an
author should have made substantial
contribution to the intellectual content, including
conceptualising and designing the study;
acquiring, analysing and interpreting the data.

14. Common Ethical Issues in Research
4. Redundant publication
-occurs when two or more papers, without full
cross reference, share the same hypothesis,
data, discussion points, or conclusion.

15. Common Ethical Issues in Research
5. Plagiarism- ranges from unreferenced use of
others’ published and unpublished ideas.
Therefore, it is important to disclose all sources
of information, and if large amount of other
people’s written or illustrative materials is to be
used, permission must be sought.

16. Conclusion
• It is the duty of the researcher to ensure that
research is conducted in an ethical and
responsible manner from planning to
publication.

17. “ The Common Facts of today are the products
of yesterday’s research”

18. Thank you and God bless!