The document discusses reinforced concrete covering requirements according to the Bangladesh National Building Code. It defines concrete covering as the minimum distance between the surface of embedded steel reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete. It then provides requirements for the minimum concrete cover thickness for different structural elements like slabs, walls, beams, columns, and footings based on whether the concrete is exposed to weather or the earth. It also discusses methods for maintaining the proper concrete cover and requirements for bundled bars and future considerations like fire protection and corrosive environments.
This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete slab bridge design. It discusses the types of reinforced concrete bridges, including slab, beam and slab, arch, box girder, cable-stayed, and integral bridges. It also outlines the loads that must be considered in slab bridge design, including truck, other roadway, sidewalk, and impact loads. Finally, it details the design steps for slab and edge beam components, including calculating bending moments from dead and live loads, determining the effective depth, area of main and distributed reinforcement, and designing the edge beam reinforcement.
1) Open channel flow occurs when a surface of flow is open to the atmosphere, with only atmospheric pressure acting on the surface. Examples include rivers, streams, irrigation canals, and storm drains.
2) Open channel flows are classified based on whether the flow properties change over time (steady vs unsteady) or location (uniform vs non-uniform). Uniform steady flow has a constant depth at all locations and times.
3) The governing forces in open channel flows are inertia, viscosity, and gravity. Flow type is determined by the relative magnitudes of these forces, which can be laminar or turbulent depending on the Reynolds number, or subcritical or supercritical depending on the Froude number.
The document analyzes land use/cover changes over 35 years in Northern Afar rangelands, Ethiopia using remote sensing data and interviews. It finds a rapid reduction in woodland (97%) and grassland (88%) between 1972 and 2007, while bushland increased over 3-fold and cultivated land grew over 8-fold. Major drivers of change included severe droughts in the 1970s and 1980s, an increase in dry years recently, and immigration/sedentarization of pastoralists. Continued land use/cover changes coupled with a drier climate could highly impact peoples' livelihoods and threaten the pastoral production system.
The document discusses ACI reinforcement limits for flexural members, including:
- ACI 318-02 provides a unified procedure for reinforced and prestressed concrete design.
- Beams must be designed as either tension-controlled or in the transition between tension and compression-controlled to ensure sufficient under-reinforcement.
- Strength reduction factors vary between 0.81-0.90 for beams depending on reinforcement strain, with more brittle compression-controlled sections having lower factors of 0.70.
1. The document provides instructions for using Dropbox to store and share files across devices. It explains how to install Dropbox on computers and mobile devices, upload and access files from any device, and share files and folders with others by generating links or setting up shared folders.
2. Dropbox allows users to automatically backup files to the cloud so they are safe if a device is lost or broken. Installed on multiple devices, it syncs files across all devices.
3. The instructions cover uploading and accessing files from any device with the Dropbox app, as well as sharing large files by generating links and collaborating on documents through shared folders.
The document describes the different rooms in a child's home, including their bedroom where they sleep containing a table, bed, computer and books, the kitchen where they have dinner, the bathroom where they take baths, and the living room where they watch TV. The corridor is where the child puts on their shoes and jacket.
The document discusses reinforced concrete covering requirements according to the Bangladesh National Building Code. It defines concrete covering as the minimum distance between the surface of embedded steel reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete. It then provides requirements for the minimum concrete cover thickness for different structural elements like slabs, walls, beams, columns, and footings based on whether the concrete is exposed to weather or the earth. It also discusses methods for maintaining the proper concrete cover and requirements for bundled bars and future considerations like fire protection and corrosive environments.
This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete slab bridge design. It discusses the types of reinforced concrete bridges, including slab, beam and slab, arch, box girder, cable-stayed, and integral bridges. It also outlines the loads that must be considered in slab bridge design, including truck, other roadway, sidewalk, and impact loads. Finally, it details the design steps for slab and edge beam components, including calculating bending moments from dead and live loads, determining the effective depth, area of main and distributed reinforcement, and designing the edge beam reinforcement.
1) Open channel flow occurs when a surface of flow is open to the atmosphere, with only atmospheric pressure acting on the surface. Examples include rivers, streams, irrigation canals, and storm drains.
2) Open channel flows are classified based on whether the flow properties change over time (steady vs unsteady) or location (uniform vs non-uniform). Uniform steady flow has a constant depth at all locations and times.
3) The governing forces in open channel flows are inertia, viscosity, and gravity. Flow type is determined by the relative magnitudes of these forces, which can be laminar or turbulent depending on the Reynolds number, or subcritical or supercritical depending on the Froude number.
The document analyzes land use/cover changes over 35 years in Northern Afar rangelands, Ethiopia using remote sensing data and interviews. It finds a rapid reduction in woodland (97%) and grassland (88%) between 1972 and 2007, while bushland increased over 3-fold and cultivated land grew over 8-fold. Major drivers of change included severe droughts in the 1970s and 1980s, an increase in dry years recently, and immigration/sedentarization of pastoralists. Continued land use/cover changes coupled with a drier climate could highly impact peoples' livelihoods and threaten the pastoral production system.
The document discusses ACI reinforcement limits for flexural members, including:
- ACI 318-02 provides a unified procedure for reinforced and prestressed concrete design.
- Beams must be designed as either tension-controlled or in the transition between tension and compression-controlled to ensure sufficient under-reinforcement.
- Strength reduction factors vary between 0.81-0.90 for beams depending on reinforcement strain, with more brittle compression-controlled sections having lower factors of 0.70.
1. The document provides instructions for using Dropbox to store and share files across devices. It explains how to install Dropbox on computers and mobile devices, upload and access files from any device, and share files and folders with others by generating links or setting up shared folders.
2. Dropbox allows users to automatically backup files to the cloud so they are safe if a device is lost or broken. Installed on multiple devices, it syncs files across all devices.
3. The instructions cover uploading and accessing files from any device with the Dropbox app, as well as sharing large files by generating links and collaborating on documents through shared folders.
The document describes the different rooms in a child's home, including their bedroom where they sleep containing a table, bed, computer and books, the kitchen where they have dinner, the bathroom where they take baths, and the living room where they watch TV. The corridor is where the child puts on their shoes and jacket.
This document provides a simple illustration of a kitchen, showing a table, armchair, computer, and flowers, with labels indicating they are having meals in the kitchen like breakfast, lunch, dinner, and supper.
Հ.ՈՒ.Լոնգֆելոյի <<Սիցիլիայի>> պոեմի պատմվածքային տարբերակի ամբողջական թարգմանությունը <<Իմ>> ամսագրի մայիսյան համարում:
Թարգմանությունը` Հիմնական դպրոցի թարգմանչական խումբ
Este documento proporciona instrucciones sobre cómo manipular diapositivas en una presentación, incluyendo cómo insertar nuevas diapositivas, seleccionar diapositivas existentes, copiar o duplicar diapositivas, mover diapositivas de posición, e insertar o eliminar diapositivas. Explica los pasos para cada una de estas funciones básicas de edición de diapositivas.
The document describes the rooms in the author's flat, including the bedroom where they sleep, the desk where they do homework, and the living room where they watch TV. It then provides more details about furniture and items in the bedroom, including a wardrobe, desk, bookcase, chair, mirror, and carpet. Additionally, it mentions the kitchen where meals are eaten and the bathroom where hands are washed, as well as the grandparents' bedroom where they sleep.
This document promotes the services of Peter Lepinski and his business innovation group for business and executive coaching, consulting, marketing, and human resources training. It outlines a formula for success that involves having a vision, setting goals, continuous learning, creating plans, and taking decisive action. Examples are given of how companies like Harley Davidson and Kodak achieved success by following this formula. Resources and environments that enable growth and understanding are suggested. The overall message is that keeping things simple can lead to success.
This document outlines a business plan for an 8th internship program called Primer. It discusses problems the program aims to solve, merits of the program, its market value and vision. It includes a demo video and is presented by Co-Founder Kim Il Min.
This document summarizes the formulation of elasticity problems. It discusses the field equations, boundary conditions, and general solution strategies for elasticity problems. The fundamental problem can be formulated using either a displacement formulation or stress formulation. General solution strategies include direct, inverse, and semi-inverse methods. Mathematical methods for solving problems include analytical, approximate, and numerical techniques.
The document describes a child's house through 11 sentences, each identifying a different room or area including the living room, kitchen, mother's bedroom, grandmother's bedroom, toilet, bathroom, and the child's own bedroom which contains a desk, dresser, and bed. In conclusion, the child expresses liking their house and bedroom very much.
Dokumen tersebut membincangkan paradigma baru dalam pengurusan khidmat pelanggan seperti perubahan dalam kemampuan membeli dan sensitiviti harga pelanggan, serta langkah untuk meningkatkan kualiti khidmat pelanggan seperti komitmen, kemahiran berkomunikasi dan memfokuskan kepada kepuasan pelanggan.
The document describes the rooms in the author's flat, including the bedroom where they sleep, the desk where they do homework, the living room where they meet friends and watch TV, the kitchen where they eat breakfast, and the bathroom where they wash hands. The grandparents' bedroom is also mentioned, where they sleep when visiting. Furniture like a wardrobe, desk, bed, mirror, and chair are listed in the author's bedroom along with a carpet.
- The document discusses how to have productive discussions in a small group about the weekly message by focusing on key questions, scriptures, and next steps.
- The main idea from the message is that it is often the small, daily disciplines and habits that people don't see that result in achieving bigger goals and accomplishments.
- The key questions prompt discussion about an area of life members want to improve, how to focus on that through choosing a "one word," and Bible verses that relate.
The document describes the different rooms in the author's house, including the bedroom where they sleep, the living room where they watch TV, the bathroom where they wash their hands, and the kitchen where they have breakfast.
This document discusses how a media product represents different social groups through its content. It asks how the genre, artists, and target audience (men or women) are shown. For this particular magazine issue, it represents multiple genres by featuring different types of music and artists that appeal to both men and women.
- The document discusses how to have productive discussions in a small group about the weekly message by focusing on key questions, scriptures, and next steps.
- The main idea from the message is that it is often the small, daily disciplines and habits that lead to accomplishing big goals.
- Questions provided as discussion starters focus on identifying areas for growth, destructive thoughts to replace, and life-giving words to speak.
Custom Web Publishing with XML allows web developers to integrate FileMaker database content into custom websites by enabling them to send XML queries to FileMaker Server and receive the database data in XML format, which can then be incorporated into other applications. This technology provides benefits such as customization of the user experience, data interchange capabilities, integration of FileMaker data into other systems, and security controls over published data. Custom Web Publishing with XML is based on open standards like XML and allows developers to leverage existing skills and tools.
This document provides a tour of a house and describes several rooms, including the living room where TV is watched, the bedroom where sleeping occurs, the kitchen where meals are eaten, and the bathroom where bathing, teeth brushing and face washing take place. The tour also mentions a bad and wardrobe.
Earthquake Load Calculation (base shear method)
The 3-story standard office building is located in Los Angeles situated on stiff soil. The
structure of the building is steel special moment frame. All moment-resisting frames are
located at the perimeter of the building. Determine the earthquake force on each story in
North-South direction.
Structural engineering iii- Dr. Iftekhar Anam
Joint Displacements and Forces,Assembly of Stiffness Matrix and Load Vector of a Truss,Stiffness Matrix for 2-Dimensional Frame Members in the Local Axes System,Transformation of Stiffness Matrix from Local to Global Axes,Stiffness Method for 2-D Frame neglecting Axial Deformations,Problems on Stiffness Method for Beams/Frames,Assembly of Stiffness Matrix and Load Vector of a Three-Dimensional Truss,Calculation of Degree of Kinematic Indeterminacy (Doki)
Determine the doki (i.e., size of the stiffness matrix) for the structures shown below,Material Nonlinearity and Plastic Moment,
http://www.uap-bd.edu/ce/anam/
Structural engineering i- Dr. Iftekhar Anam
Structural Stability and Determinacy,Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram of Frames,Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram of Multi-Storied Frames,Influence Lines of Beams using Müller-Breslau’s Principle,Influence Lines of Plate Girders and Trusses,Maximum ‘Support Reaction’ due to Wheel Loads,Maximum ‘Shear Force’ due to Wheel Loads,Calculation of Wind Load,Seismic Vibration and Structural Response
http://www.uap-bd.edu/ce/anam/
This document provides a simple illustration of a kitchen, showing a table, armchair, computer, and flowers, with labels indicating they are having meals in the kitchen like breakfast, lunch, dinner, and supper.
Հ.ՈՒ.Լոնգֆելոյի <<Սիցիլիայի>> պոեմի պատմվածքային տարբերակի ամբողջական թարգմանությունը <<Իմ>> ամսագրի մայիսյան համարում:
Թարգմանությունը` Հիմնական դպրոցի թարգմանչական խումբ
Este documento proporciona instrucciones sobre cómo manipular diapositivas en una presentación, incluyendo cómo insertar nuevas diapositivas, seleccionar diapositivas existentes, copiar o duplicar diapositivas, mover diapositivas de posición, e insertar o eliminar diapositivas. Explica los pasos para cada una de estas funciones básicas de edición de diapositivas.
The document describes the rooms in the author's flat, including the bedroom where they sleep, the desk where they do homework, and the living room where they watch TV. It then provides more details about furniture and items in the bedroom, including a wardrobe, desk, bookcase, chair, mirror, and carpet. Additionally, it mentions the kitchen where meals are eaten and the bathroom where hands are washed, as well as the grandparents' bedroom where they sleep.
This document promotes the services of Peter Lepinski and his business innovation group for business and executive coaching, consulting, marketing, and human resources training. It outlines a formula for success that involves having a vision, setting goals, continuous learning, creating plans, and taking decisive action. Examples are given of how companies like Harley Davidson and Kodak achieved success by following this formula. Resources and environments that enable growth and understanding are suggested. The overall message is that keeping things simple can lead to success.
This document outlines a business plan for an 8th internship program called Primer. It discusses problems the program aims to solve, merits of the program, its market value and vision. It includes a demo video and is presented by Co-Founder Kim Il Min.
This document summarizes the formulation of elasticity problems. It discusses the field equations, boundary conditions, and general solution strategies for elasticity problems. The fundamental problem can be formulated using either a displacement formulation or stress formulation. General solution strategies include direct, inverse, and semi-inverse methods. Mathematical methods for solving problems include analytical, approximate, and numerical techniques.
The document describes a child's house through 11 sentences, each identifying a different room or area including the living room, kitchen, mother's bedroom, grandmother's bedroom, toilet, bathroom, and the child's own bedroom which contains a desk, dresser, and bed. In conclusion, the child expresses liking their house and bedroom very much.
Dokumen tersebut membincangkan paradigma baru dalam pengurusan khidmat pelanggan seperti perubahan dalam kemampuan membeli dan sensitiviti harga pelanggan, serta langkah untuk meningkatkan kualiti khidmat pelanggan seperti komitmen, kemahiran berkomunikasi dan memfokuskan kepada kepuasan pelanggan.
The document describes the rooms in the author's flat, including the bedroom where they sleep, the desk where they do homework, the living room where they meet friends and watch TV, the kitchen where they eat breakfast, and the bathroom where they wash hands. The grandparents' bedroom is also mentioned, where they sleep when visiting. Furniture like a wardrobe, desk, bed, mirror, and chair are listed in the author's bedroom along with a carpet.
- The document discusses how to have productive discussions in a small group about the weekly message by focusing on key questions, scriptures, and next steps.
- The main idea from the message is that it is often the small, daily disciplines and habits that people don't see that result in achieving bigger goals and accomplishments.
- The key questions prompt discussion about an area of life members want to improve, how to focus on that through choosing a "one word," and Bible verses that relate.
The document describes the different rooms in the author's house, including the bedroom where they sleep, the living room where they watch TV, the bathroom where they wash their hands, and the kitchen where they have breakfast.
This document discusses how a media product represents different social groups through its content. It asks how the genre, artists, and target audience (men or women) are shown. For this particular magazine issue, it represents multiple genres by featuring different types of music and artists that appeal to both men and women.
- The document discusses how to have productive discussions in a small group about the weekly message by focusing on key questions, scriptures, and next steps.
- The main idea from the message is that it is often the small, daily disciplines and habits that lead to accomplishing big goals.
- Questions provided as discussion starters focus on identifying areas for growth, destructive thoughts to replace, and life-giving words to speak.
Custom Web Publishing with XML allows web developers to integrate FileMaker database content into custom websites by enabling them to send XML queries to FileMaker Server and receive the database data in XML format, which can then be incorporated into other applications. This technology provides benefits such as customization of the user experience, data interchange capabilities, integration of FileMaker data into other systems, and security controls over published data. Custom Web Publishing with XML is based on open standards like XML and allows developers to leverage existing skills and tools.
This document provides a tour of a house and describes several rooms, including the living room where TV is watched, the bedroom where sleeping occurs, the kitchen where meals are eaten, and the bathroom where bathing, teeth brushing and face washing take place. The tour also mentions a bad and wardrobe.
Earthquake Load Calculation (base shear method)
The 3-story standard office building is located in Los Angeles situated on stiff soil. The
structure of the building is steel special moment frame. All moment-resisting frames are
located at the perimeter of the building. Determine the earthquake force on each story in
North-South direction.
Structural engineering iii- Dr. Iftekhar Anam
Joint Displacements and Forces,Assembly of Stiffness Matrix and Load Vector of a Truss,Stiffness Matrix for 2-Dimensional Frame Members in the Local Axes System,Transformation of Stiffness Matrix from Local to Global Axes,Stiffness Method for 2-D Frame neglecting Axial Deformations,Problems on Stiffness Method for Beams/Frames,Assembly of Stiffness Matrix and Load Vector of a Three-Dimensional Truss,Calculation of Degree of Kinematic Indeterminacy (Doki)
Determine the doki (i.e., size of the stiffness matrix) for the structures shown below,Material Nonlinearity and Plastic Moment,
http://www.uap-bd.edu/ce/anam/
Structural engineering i- Dr. Iftekhar Anam
Structural Stability and Determinacy,Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram of Frames,Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram of Multi-Storied Frames,Influence Lines of Beams using Müller-Breslau’s Principle,Influence Lines of Plate Girders and Trusses,Maximum ‘Support Reaction’ due to Wheel Loads,Maximum ‘Shear Force’ due to Wheel Loads,Calculation of Wind Load,Seismic Vibration and Structural Response
http://www.uap-bd.edu/ce/anam/
This document summarizes equations and theories related to elasticity and plasticity, including:
1) Equations for equilibrium, moments, stresses, and displacements for circular and annular plates under bending and axi-symmetric loading.
2) General membrane and bending theories for shells, including strain-displacement relationships, constitutive equations, and equilibrium equations.
3) Specific analyses of shells of revolution and circular cylindrical shells using the membrane and bending theories.
4) An introduction to yield line theory for analyzing plastic collapse in slabs using a virtual work principle and minimum load principle.
This document provides equations and concepts related to the theory of elasticity and plasticity. It covers Cauchy stress formulas, stress components, principal stresses, strain tensors, constitutive equations including Hooke's law, boundary conditions, energy principles, and classical beam and bar theories. It also introduces the Ritz method for approximating displacements using basis functions to satisfy boundary conditions and minimize the total potential energy functional.
1. The document discusses the 2-D formulation of plane theory of elasticity, including plane strain and plane stress. It introduces the field equations, compatibility equations, and equilibrium equations for both plane strain and plane stress.
2. It describes the Airy stress function method, which reduces the general plane problem to a single biharmonic equation in terms of the stress function.
3. It provides examples of using polynomial solutions to solve 2-D problems, including using a quadratic Airy stress function to model pure bending of a beam and comparing to the beam theory solution.
This document provides an overview of energy principles and variational methods used in structural analysis. It discusses work and energy, strain energy stored within deformed materials, and the principle of minimum potential energy, which states that equilibrium is achieved when the total potential energy of a system is minimized. It also introduces the Ritz method, an approximate technique for solving problems where an analytical solution is not possible. The Ritz method expresses displacements as a series of trial functions with unknown coefficients, which are determined by minimizing the total potential energy functional.
This document provides an introduction and overview of a course on the theory of elasticity and plasticity. It discusses key topics that will be covered, including stress, strain, material behavior, elasticity problem formulation, energy principles, finite element methods, and plasticity. It outlines the organization of the course, including lecture materials made available online, instructors, office hours, grading based on homework, exams, and participation. Mathematical preliminaries are also introduced, including definitions and properties of scalars, vectors, tensors, and transformations between coordinate systems.
This document discusses two-dimensional ideal fluid flow. It begins by defining an ideal fluid as having no viscosity, compressibility, or surface tension. The continuity equation is then derived, stating that the net flow out of a control volume must equal the change in mass within the volume. Euler's equations are also derived, forming a set of partial differential equations that can be solved to determine pressure and velocity fields. Bernoulli's equation is obtained by integrating the Euler equations, relating total pressure, velocity, and elevation. The concepts of rotational and irrotational flow are introduced, with irrotational flow defined as having zero rotation of any fluid element.
1) Bernoulli's equation states that for steady flow in an inviscid fluid, the total mechanical energy per unit weight remains constant along a streamline. This includes potential energy, kinetic energy, and pressure energy.
2) It summarizes that an applied force equals the rate of change of mechanical energy, and derives the one-dimensional Euler and Bernoulli equations from conservation of energy and momentum principles.
3) The document provides examples of applying Bernoulli's equation to problems involving pipe flow and nozzle discharge to determine quantities like jet velocity and suction pressure.
1) The document describes different methods for analyzing fluid motion, including the Lagrangian and Eulerian methods. The Lagrangian method follows individual fluid particles, while the Eulerian method examines velocity at fixed points in space.
2) It also defines key concepts in fluid motion, such as uniform versus non-uniform flow, steady versus unsteady flow, streamlines, and one-dimensional versus multi-dimensional flow.
3) The key differences between the Lagrangian and Eulerian methods are discussed, as well as how streamlines and stream tubes relate to velocity fields in steady fluid flows.
This document provides an introduction to fluid mechanics fundamentals, including:
- The four primary dimensions in fluid mechanics are mass, length, time, and force. All other variables can be expressed in terms of these.
- Liquids can be treated as incompressible for most fluid mechanics problems since pressure changes are typically not large enough to cause changes in density.
- Viscosity describes a fluid's resistance to shear forces or layer sliding, and can result in either laminar (smooth) flow or turbulent (chaotic) flow.
This document discusses dimensional analysis, which is a mathematical technique used in fluid mechanics to reduce the number of variables in a problem by combining dimensional variables to form non-dimensional parameters. Dimensional analysis allows problems to be expressed in terms of non-dimensional parameters to show the relative significance of each parameter. It has various uses including checking dimensional homogeneity of equations, deriving equations, planning experiments, and analyzing complex flows using scale models. The Buckingham π theorem states that any relationship between physical quantities can be written as a relationship between dimensionless pi groups formed from the variables. Dimensional analysis is applied by setting up a dimensional matrix to determine the minimum number of pi groups needed to describe the relationship.
This document discusses three main types of high-head power plant developments: 1) Diversion canal type plants, which include a weir, canal intake, head race, headpond, penstock, powerhouse, and tailrace. 2) Plants fed by a pressure tunnel, which include a dam, intake, pressure tunnel, surge tank, penstock, powerhouse, and tailrace. 3) Plants with concentrated fall, where the powerhouse is located close to or within a high dam, with an intake, pressure conduit, and powerhouse as the main parts. Intake design is also discussed, including the importance of settling basins to prevent wear from sediment, and locating intakes in river bends to take
This document provides lecture notes on two-dimensional flow of real fluids. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences:
The flow field is divided into a viscous sublayer zone close to boundaries, where velocity gradients are high, and a potential flow zone away from boundaries, where gradients are small. The Navier-Stokes equations, which include viscosity effects, govern flow in the sublayer zone, while potential flow equations can be used in the outer zone. Laminar flow between parallel plates and in circular pipes is analyzed using the Navier-Stokes equations, yielding parabolic and paraboloid velocity profiles respectively.
This document discusses fluid flow in pipes under pressure. It presents equations to describe laminar and turbulent flow. For laminar flow, the Hagen-Poiseuille equation gives the relationship between pressure drop and flow rate. For turbulent flow, the velocity profile consists of a thin viscous sublayer near the wall and a fully turbulent center zone. Equations are derived to describe velocity profiles in both the sublayer and center zone based on viscosity and turbulence effects. Pipes are classified as smooth or rough depending on roughness size compared to the sublayer thickness.
1) Local head losses occur in pipes due to changes in cross-sectional area, flow direction, or devices in the pipe. They are called minor losses and can usually be neglected for long pipe systems.
2) The document derives equations for calculating loss coefficients and head losses due to abrupt enlargements and contractions in pipes based on impuls-momentum and Bernoulli equations. It provides example loss coefficient values from experiments.
3) It discusses applying the same methods to model head losses in pipe junctions and conduits with multiple reservoirs.
1. The document discusses physical modeling of hydraulic phenomena. Models are scaled replicas of prototypes. Similarity conditions ensure proportionality between model and prototype values.
2. Geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity relate lengths, velocities, accelerations, and forces between models and prototypes. Froude and Reynolds numbers must be equal to satisfy dynamic similarity.
3. Froude models, used for open channels, satisfy equality of Froude numbers. This relates velocity and geometric scales. Example calculations show how to determine prototype values from model measurements for a Froude model.
This document discusses specific energy in open channel flows. It defines specific energy as the total energy of a channel flow with respect to the channel bed. Specific energy is useful for analyzing critical flow conditions. For a given discharge, the variation of specific energy with depth forms a cubic parabola with two possible depths of flow (alternate depths). Critical flow occurs at the minimum specific energy where the two depths merge and the Froude number is 1. Equations are provided for calculating specific energy and critical flow properties in rectangular, triangular, and trapezoidal channel cross-sections. Examples demonstrate applying the equations to analyze specific energy, alternate depths, critical depth, and critical flow parameters.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.