Budget
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The document discusses key aspects of government budgets in India. It explains that a budget is an annual statement of estimated government receipts and expenditures for the fiscal year from April 1 to March 31. It describes the major components of budget expenditures, including plan expenditures, non-plan expenditures, revenue expenditures, and capital expenditures. It also discusses the classifications of budget expenditures as developmental, non-developmental, revenue expenditures, and capital expenditures.
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different type of budget deficits and their implications are also explained.
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The document discusses key aspects of government budgets including:
- Budgets show estimated annual receipts and expenditures and are divided into revenue and capital components.
- Objectives include reallocating resources, managing public enterprises, and promoting economic stability.
- Receipts are classified as revenue or capital, and expenditures are classified as revenue or capital.
- Budgets can be balanced, in surplus, or in deficit depending on a comparison of estimated receipts to expenditures.
- Deficits include revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit, with fiscal deficit being the broadest measure of imbalance.
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This document provides an overview of government budgets and their key components. It discusses:
1) The objectives of government budgets including GDP growth, income redistribution, and economic stability.
2) The structure of government budgets, which includes revenue receipts, capital receipts, revenue expenditure, and capital expenditure.
3) The main components of revenue receipts such as tax receipts from income tax and GST, and non-tax receipts from fees and public enterprises. Capital receipts include loan recoveries and borrowings.
4) The differences between revenue and capital expenditures and receipts in terms of their impact on government assets and liabilities.
5) Key budget deficits including revenue deficit
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The government budget document outlines the financial accounts for the previous fiscal year and estimates for the coming year. The budget has two main components: receipts, which include revenue from taxes, both direct and indirect, and capital receipts; and expenditures, which are divided into planned and unplanned spending. Direct taxes are levied on individuals, companies, firms, and other groups, while factors like economic growth, government revenue, private savings, and restrained consumer demand all impact the budget.
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Government spending can positively or negatively impact the economy of Pakistan. Productive government spending on sectors like agriculture, industry, education and services can increase productivity, boost living standards, and promote development by creating jobs. However, unproductive spending like large debts and subsidies can reduce resources, hinder productivity and lead to high inflation. Additionally, taxes can negatively impact the economy by reducing productivity, investment, GDP and causing unemployment, poverty and income inequality if not implemented carefully. While foreign aid and loans provide some benefits, they also reduce self-sufficiency and future taxation may be required for repayment. Overall, both government earnings and spending must be balanced and directed towards productive sectors to positively impact Pakistan's economy.
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Critical analysis of Bangladesh Budget
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Bangladesh's national budget for FY2016-17, including:
- The budget sets GDP growth at 7.2%, inflation at 6%, and the budget deficit at Tk. 97,853 crore.
- Major allocations include Tk. 26,847 crore for education, Tk. 17,487 crore for health, and Tk. 3,759 crore for water resources.
- The total Annual Development Programme size is Tk. 1107 billion, a 21.6% increase over FY2016.
- The budget deficit financing for FY2017 will be 37% from external sources and 63% from domestic sources.
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Information on Fiscal Policy including that of the impact on AD and the Economics Objectives or Inflation, Economic Growth, Unemployment and Balance of Payments
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The document discusses key components and classifications of government budgets including:
- Revenue and capital budget components
- Classification of receipts as capital or revenue and of expenditures as capital or revenue
- Meanings of balanced, surplus, and deficit budgets and definitions of revenue, fiscal, and primary deficits
- Key budget receipts come from taxes (direct and indirect) and non-tax sources, while expenditures are categorized as revenue or capital
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The budget of Pakistan for the fiscal year 2011-2012 aimed to increase revenue and development. Some key points included a 15% raise in salaries for government employees and pensions. The sales tax was reduced from 17% to 16% and various exemptions were withdrawn. Income tax exemption limits were increased and duties on items like cement and tobacco were adjusted. The budget also aimed to incentivize various industries through tax concessions.
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This document discusses fiscal policy and public finance. It defines fiscal policy as the policy through which governments create and sustain public economies. The major functions of fiscal policy are outlined as allocation of resources, distribution of income and wealth, and economic stabilization. Key topics covered include government revenue sources, features of a good tax policy, approaches to tax equity, and the concept of tax incidence.
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The document discusses key aspects of government budgets including:
- Budgets show estimated annual receipts and expenditures and are divided into revenue and capital components.
- Objectives include reallocating resources, managing public enterprises, and promoting economic stability.
- Receipts are classified as revenue or capital, and expenditures are classified as revenue or capital.
- Budgets can be balanced, in surplus, or in deficit depending on a comparison of estimated receipts to expenditures.
- Deficits include revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit, with fiscal deficit being the broadest measure of imbalance.
Fiscal policy
This document provides an overview of fiscal policy, including its meaning, instruments, target variables, types (automatic stabilization, compensatory, discretionary), goals, and limitations. It defines fiscal policy as government use of taxes, spending and borrowing to achieve economic goals. The main fiscal instruments are budget deficits/surpluses, expenditures, taxes and borrowing. Fiscal policy targets private incomes, consumption, savings, exports and prices. The types aim to automatically or deliberately stabilize or compensate for economic fluctuations through flexible taxes and spending. Fiscal policy pursues goals like growth, employment and stability, but forecasting challenges and implementation lags limit its effectiveness.
A study on Budget deficit AND Its impact on the economy of Bangladesh
Government budget deficit is the difference between government revenues and expenditures. Government has different sources of revenues. Major portion of government revenues comes from direct and indirect taxes. Direct taxes come from income and profits of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes come from import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. It can be put in different way. Direct taxes are the part of economic revenues and incomes of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes are the part of economic transactions in the form of buy, sale, export and import transactions. If government wants accelerate its revenues to meet the growing public expenditures and to reduce the budget deficit without reducing the expenditures of different influential sectors, much efforts should be made to increase economic revenues and income as well as the economic transactions so that the government revenues can meet the growing demand of the economy with the increase in revenues from income tax, import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. In this regard the concentration of the report is on the management of deficit budget to minimize bad effects and maximize the utilization of funds. Having budget deficit is not a problem at all. The problems lie with the government inefficiency in the management of budget deficit. The evaluation of different reasons behind deficit budget and the evaluation of different bad effects of deficit budget are two crucial parts of our discussion. The impact of budget deficit on the different sectors of the economy is addressed here with relevant information. It is further concentration point of the report to find ways to improve the management performance of the government to achieve different macroeconomic goals with the help of expansion of economic revenues and transactions. The government revenues increase with the increase in economic revenues and economic transactions. The key point of our discussion is government should not decrease the public expenditures as the population is growing. The expenditures on different public sectors have to be increased as the population is growing. But budget deficit should not grow to meet the expenditures as budget deficit has some associated problems with it. For this reason government has to concentrate on accelerating the revenue collection rapidly with the expansion of economic revenues and economic transactions. For this reason government should try to integrate different policies to achieve key macroeconomic goals.
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This document discusses fiscal policy and the multiplier effect through a series of scenarios. It explains that an increase in spending, such as from government spending or tax cuts, can have a multiplier effect as that new spending becomes income for others and continues circulating. However, increased government borrowing to fund spending can raise interest rates and "crowd out" private investment. It also discusses how fiscal policy tools like tax increases and decreases can be used to either stimulate or contract the economy.
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This document discusses deficit financing in Pakistan. It begins with introducing the concept of deficit financing and its importance and risks. It then provides background on Pakistan's budget and current account deficits, showing deficit rates from 5.4-8.7% of GDP in recent decades. Sources of deficit financing in Pakistan include printing currency, borrowing, foreign loans/aid, and bank borrowing. Causes include rising expenditures, weak fiscal policy, and low tax revenues. Adverse effects are inflation, higher interest rates, and reduced private investment. The document concludes with recommendations such as improving tax collection, reducing non-essential spending, and attracting foreign investment.
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This document provides an overview of government budgets and their key components. It discusses:
1) The objectives of government budgets including GDP growth, income redistribution, and economic stability.
2) The structure of government budgets, which includes revenue receipts, capital receipts, revenue expenditure, and capital expenditure.
3) The main components of revenue receipts such as tax receipts from income tax and GST, and non-tax receipts from fees and public enterprises. Capital receipts include loan recoveries and borrowings.
4) The differences between revenue and capital expenditures and receipts in terms of their impact on government assets and liabilities.
5) Key budget deficits including revenue deficit
Government budget basic
The government budget document outlines the financial accounts for the previous fiscal year and estimates for the coming year. The budget has two main components: receipts, which include revenue from taxes, both direct and indirect, and capital receipts; and expenditures, which are divided into planned and unplanned spending. Direct taxes are levied on individuals, companies, firms, and other groups, while factors like economic growth, government revenue, private savings, and restrained consumer demand all impact the budget.
Fiscal Policy and its effects of Economy.Eop Abid Hussain Sindhu, M14BBA036,...
Government spending can positively or negatively impact the economy of Pakistan. Productive government spending on sectors like agriculture, industry, education and services can increase productivity, boost living standards, and promote development by creating jobs. However, unproductive spending like large debts and subsidies can reduce resources, hinder productivity and lead to high inflation. Additionally, taxes can negatively impact the economy by reducing productivity, investment, GDP and causing unemployment, poverty and income inequality if not implemented carefully. While foreign aid and loans provide some benefits, they also reduce self-sufficiency and future taxation may be required for repayment. Overall, both government earnings and spending must be balanced and directed towards productive sectors to positively impact Pakistan's economy.
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This document discusses fiscal policy in Mongolia. It defines fiscal policy as using government spending and taxation to influence macroeconomic variables such as GDP growth, inflation, and unemployment. It outlines the main tools of fiscal policy as government spending (G) and taxation (T). It provides examples of how changes in G and T can be used to stimulate or contract the economy. Specifically, it shows calculations of how a 20 billion MNT increase in G would lead to a 50 billion MNT rise in GDP, and how a 20 billion MNT increase in T would reduce GDP by 30 billion MNT. It also notes some limitations of fiscal policy and its relationship with monetary policy in influencing overall economic activity.
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The Philippine government faced large budget deficits in 2009 and 2010 as a result of the global financial crisis. The deficit grew from less than 1% of GDP in 2007-2008 to 3.9% of GDP in 2009 as tax revenues fell short of targets. While the debt-to-GDP ratio remained at a manageable 57% in 2009 compared to its peak of 78% in 2004, the Aquino administration planned to focus on social services rather than balancing the budget in the next six years as recommended by the previous administration. However, delays in achieving a balanced budget could negatively impact the country's creditworthiness. The Development Budget Coordination Committee projected the budget deficit would decrease and the debt-to-GDP ratio would
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This document analyzes Bangladesh's budgets for 2015-16 and 2016-17. It shows that total revenue and expenditure both increased slightly from 2015-16 to 2016-17, but the budget deficit also increased. Several sectors like education, health, agriculture, and transportation saw increased allocations in 2016-17 compared to 2015-16. The document also notes that debt servicing is putting pressure on the budget and that ensuring reliable power is important for education projects. It concludes with recommendations like simplifying taxes, maintaining revenue growth, and increasing public-private partnerships.
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WHACAN Membership Meeting & Advocacy Training, August 15, 2013
WHACAN Membership Meeting & Advocacy Training, August 15, 2013
Similar to Budget
Budget
The document provides an overview of the key aspects of the Indian Union Budget for 2017-18 that was presented on February 1, 2017. Some of the major points covered include:
- The budget size was ₹21.47 lakh crore with a focus on transforming governance, energizing various sections of society, and eliminating corruption.
- Key reforms included merging the Railway and Union budgets and removing the distinction between plan and non-plan expenditure.
- The fiscal deficit target was set at 3.2% of GDP for 2017-18, down from 3.5% in the previous budget estimates.
- Expenditure priorities included agriculture, rural development, infrastructure, education, healthcare
unit-4govt-200422174519 (1)-19-38.pptx
The document discusses different types of government budget expenditures and deficits. It defines revenue expenditure as spending that does not create assets or reduce liabilities, such as pensions and salaries, while capital expenditure does create assets or reduce liabilities, like purchasing shares. It also defines plan expenditure as spending allocated to central plans and non-plan expenditure as unplanned spending like disaster relief. The document then explains the differences between revenue and capital deficits, fiscal deficits which include all expenditures and receipts except borrowings, and primary deficits which calculate deficits excluding interest payments on previous debts. It outlines the implications of each type of deficit and measures governments can take to reduce them.
GOVERNMENT BUDGET
A government budget is made to approach and address the needs and issues of a country. It is an annual financial statement where an itemized estimate of revenue expected and expenditure anticipated are listed for the current fiscal year which runs from April 1 of one year to March 31 of the next year.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy refers to a government's spending and tax policies to influence macroeconomic conditions. The document discusses different aspects of fiscal policy including:
- Countercyclical fiscal policy aims to stabilize the economy by increasing government spending and reducing taxes during recessions, and reducing spending and raising taxes during expansions.
- Discretionary fiscal policy is used purposefully by governments to achieve macroeconomic goals like reducing inflation or boosting growth. Tools include changing spending, taxes, and borrowing.
- Non-discretionary or automatic fiscal policy relies on built-in stabilizers like income taxes that automatically influence demand over the business cycle.
- Large fiscal deficits can adversely impact growth by reducing funds for
Unit 4 Government Budget & The Economy
A fantastic PPT on a very important and scoring topic. A quick and easy explanation of the chapter Government Budget & The Economy. It has got all the material information required to enhance one's knowledge about the topic. Excellent and interesting facts. HAPPY LEARNING !!
Government budget
1. A government budget is an annual statement of estimated receipts and expenditures for a fiscal year, which runs from April 1 to March 31.
2. The budget aims to allocate resources properly, reduce inequality, and achieve economic stability and growth through taxation and expenditure policies.
3. Components of the budget include revenue and capital receipts and expenditures. Receipts are classified as tax or non-tax revenue, and capital or current. Expenditures are classified as plan or non-plan, developmental or non-developmental, revenue or capital.
Public Finance
Public finance deals with government revenue sources like taxes and expenditures on areas like infrastructure, education, and health. It aims to stabilize the economy, promote growth, and provide essential public goods. Government budgets classify spending into areas and sources of revenue like taxes. A budget deficit occurs when spending exceeds taxes, while a surplus exists when taxes are higher than spending. Deficit financing allows governments to fund spending by borrowing or money creation, but too much can crowd out private investment and cause inflation. Fiscal policy uses taxes and spending to influence employment, growth, and prices.
Mac ecs14.2021on
1. The document discusses monetary policy and its goals of stabilizing prices and supporting economic growth.
2. It notes that monetary policy should aim to keep inflation stable and align broad money growth with GDP growth.
3. The document outlines several factors that monetary policy considers like exchange rates, interest rates, bank lending, and foreign reserves.
Government budget
Government Budget class 12th
CA-Inter Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics
Economics
Class XII
Unit 4 Government Budget and the Economy
Budget
The document outlines key aspects of government budgets in India. It provides estimates of planned receipts and expenditures for the coming fiscal year. The budget is presented annually in Parliament and must be approved before implementation. It aims to allocate resources according to priorities like agriculture, education, and infrastructure, while also pursuing fiscal consolidation and tax reforms.
Government budget
A Brief Overview of Budget :
Introduction, Meaning of Government Budget, Objective of Government Budget, Components of Budget, Revenue Receipts, Capital Receipts, Budget Expenditure, Measures of Government Deficit
(with some latest data)
Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Supply Side Economics on Tax Cuts
International Transmission of National Economic Shocks
Impacts of an Appreciating Economy
Fiscal+policy
Fiscal policy involves manipulating government spending and taxation to influence the level of aggregate demand and economic activity. It can be used to achieve macroeconomic objectives like reducing unemployment and influencing inflation, as well as non-economic goals. Key tools of fiscal policy include altering tax rates, changing government spending, and borrowing to finance deficits. Maintaining prudent fiscal deficits and public debt levels is important for macroeconomic and financial stability.
Chapter 9- public finance for BBA
The document discusses public finance and government budgeting. It provides definitions and concepts of public finance, including that it is the study of government income and expenditure. It describes the key components and constituents of public finance, including public expenditure, revenue, debt, and financial administration. It also discusses the role of fiscal policy and government in areas like economic stabilization and growth. It outlines the budgeting process and principles, instruments and types of fiscal policy like discretionary vs automatic stabilizers. Finally, it covers taxation policy, the characteristics of a good tax system per Adam Smith, and the main types of taxes.
ECU_08606 LECTURE 8.ppt
Government expenditure is used to promote economic growth, development, and social welfare. It is classified as capital/current, development/non-development, transfer/non-transfer, and planned/unplanned. Government revenue comes from tax revenue like income tax and indirect taxes, and non-tax revenue like fees and profits. A government budget can be balanced, in surplus, or deficit, impacting aggregate demand. Deficits are financed through borrowing, money printing, or grants. Large public debts are caused by expansionary policies and external shocks, and have consequences like crowding out investment. Fiscal policy uses spending and taxes to influence the economy.
Mac ecs14.2021on hb
The document discusses monetary policy and its goals of stabilizing prices and supporting economic growth. It notes that monetary policy should aim to influence aggregate demand in the economy through tools like open market operations, required reserves, and interest rates. Maintaining price stability is important for economic activity, while excessive money supply growth can fuel inflation. The central bank uses monetary policy to achieve macroeconomic stability.
Government Budget and the Economy CLASS 12 NOTES (1).pdf
The document provides an overview of government budgets and key concepts related to budgets in India. It discusses the objectives of budgets which include reallocating resources, redistributing income and wealth, and stabilizing the economy. It also defines important budget terms like revenue and capital budgets, budget receipts including tax and non-tax revenue, budget expenditures including plan/non-plan and revenue/capital. It further explains concepts such as budget deficits, types of taxes including direct, indirect, progressive and regressive taxes.
Fiscal policy
This document discusses key aspects of fiscal policy in India. It defines fiscal policy as the government's approach to taxation, spending, and borrowing to achieve economic objectives like growth. The main objectives of fiscal policy are promoting growth, stabilizing the economy during recessions and booms, creating jobs, and redistributing income. It describes countercyclical fiscal policy, which aims to counter economic cycles through tax and spending adjustments. It also discusses concepts like the revenue budget, capital budget, budget deficits, and deficit financing.
Fiscal Policy
This document discusses fiscal policy and its objectives. It provides information on fiscal policy tools used by governments to influence economic growth, employment and prices. The key objectives of fiscal policy are mobilizing resources, accelerating economic growth, minimizing income inequality, increasing employment opportunities, and maintaining price stability. Examples of fiscal tools include taxation, public expenditure, borrowing. The document also summarizes Indian fiscal policy goals of rapid growth, employment expansion, reducing disparities.
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Government Budget and the Economy CLASS 12 NOTES (1).pdf
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
ここ3000字までしか入らないけどタイトルの方がたくさん文字入ると思います。
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Budget
- 4. A budget is an annual statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the government over the fiscal year, which runs from APRIL 1ST to MARCH 31ST .
- 5. 1. Redistribution of income and wealth: Govt.through fiscal tools of taxation,subsidies and transfer payments brings about fair distribution of income. 2. Reduction of inequalities: Govt. can reduce inequalities of income by taking the rich people more in budget and spending more on poor. 3. Economic stability: The tries to prevent business fluctuation and maintain price and employment stability. 4. Economic growth: Development of heavy and basic industry.
- 6. R evenue receipts C apital receipts B udget receipts R evenue expenditure C apital expenditure B ubget expenditure G overnm ent budget
- 8. D eve lo p- m en tal N o n-d evelo p- m en tal R e ve n ue expe nditu re D e velo p- m ental N on -de velop- m en tal C a pital expen diture P lan e xpen ditu re D eve lop- m en tal N o n-de velo p- m ental R e ve nue e xpe nditu re D e ve lo p- m ental N o n -d evelop- m en tal C a pital expe n diture N on-plan e xpen diture C om p on en ts of B ud get exp en diture
- 9. Budget expenditure:It is the expense which the govt.incurs for its own maintenance as also for the society and the country as a whole. Components 1.Plan expenditure and non-plan expenditure: i) Plan expenditure:It is the expenditure to be incurred during the year on the programmes under the current five year. Ex:the assistance provided by the Central govt.for the plans states and Union territories. ii) Non-plan expenditure:Expenditure other than the expenditure related to the current five year plan.
- 10. REVENUE EXPENDITURE AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURE Revenue expenditure:It refers to expenditure which either create assets nor reduce liabilities. Capital expenditure:It refers to expenditure which which either creates assets or reduce liabilities. 2.Developmental and Non-developmental expenditure: i) Non-Developmental expenditure:Expenditure on essential general services of the govt. Ex:defence &administration
- 12. A) True B) False Correct - Click anywhere to continue Correct - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue You answered this correctly!You answered this correctly! Your answer:Your answer: The correct answer is:The correct answer is: You did not answer this question completely You did not answer this question completelyYou must answer the question before continuing You must answer the question before continuing Submit Clear
- 13. A) True B) False Correct - Click anywhere to continue Correct - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue You answered this correctly!You answered this correctly! Your answer:Your answer: The correct answer is:The correct answer is: You did not answer this question completely You did not answer this question completelyYou must answer the question before continuing You must answer the question before continuing Submit Clear
- 14. A) Revenue receipts B) Capital Receipts C) Capital Expenditure D) Revenue Expenditure Correct - Click anywhere to continue Correct - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue You answered this correctly!You answered this correctly! Your answer:Your answer: The correct answer is:The correct answer is: You did not answer this question completely You did not answer this question completelyYou must answer the question before continuing You must answer the question before continuing Submit Clear
- 15. A) Fiscal Deficit B) Revenue Deficit C) Primary Deficit D) Budgetary Deficit Correct - Click anywhere to continue Correct - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue You answered this correctly!You answered this correctly! Your answer:Your answer: The correct answer is:The correct answer is: You did not answer this question completely You did not answer this question completelyYou must answer the question before continuing You must answer the question before continuing Submit Clear
- 16. Your Score {score} Max Score {max-score} Number of Quiz Attempts {total-attempts} Question Feedback/Review Information Will Appear Here Question Feedback/Review Information Will Appear Here Review QuizContinue