The document discusses emission monitoring technologies from DURAG GROUP. It provides an overview of the company's products for measuring dust concentration, opacity, total mercury concentration, and ambient monitoring. The technologies measure these parameters using principles such as transmission, scattered light, triboelectricity, and photometry. The document also reviews the company's devices, their specifications, measuring ranges, approvals, and applications in industries like power plants, waste incineration, and cement works. Standards like EN 14181 that the products comply with are also summarized.
Particle monitoring involves using particle counters to count airborne particles and classify them by size in order to ensure compliance with cleanroom air cleanliness standards. There are two types of particle monitoring: manual monitoring conducted periodically and continuous monitoring using online measurement systems. Standards like ISO 14644 provide guidelines for particle monitoring, including defining air cleanliness grades based on particle concentration limits and specifying sample volumes and locations for qualification measurements. Particle counters work by detecting and analyzing the light scattered when particles pass through a laser beam to measure particle size and concentration.
Radiation exposures from disposal of titanium dioxide industry waste to landfillKelly Jones
Large quantities of calcium-based reaction wastes are produced by a titanium dioxide production plant. There are currently no options for the re-use or recycling of this waste, and instead it is disposed of to a non-hazardous waste landfill. The waste contains NORM radionuclides from the thorium-232 decay series and, to a lesser extent, from the uranium-238 decay series, with a total activity concentration in the range 1 to 3 Bq/g. This paper discusses the regulatory regime in the UK, relevant to the disposal of “exempt NORM waste” (up to 10 Bq/g) without the requirement for radioactive waste disposal licensing. Estimations of occupational and public radiation exposures made using environmental models are also included. Re-evaluation of occupational doses (ie to landfill workers) made using on-site measurements of gamma dose rate and individual doses (using electronic and passive personal dosemeters) are also presented. The results obtained using from monitoring data are compared with those obtained from the environmental modelling, and the importance of using site-specific monitoring data, where available, is discussed.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The PCME QAL 181 is a particulate continuous emissions monitor that provides accurate measurement of low dust concentrations. It is suitable for measuring emissions from bag filters and electrostatic precipitators. The monitor has high accuracy, operates reliably at elevated temperatures, and has online calibration capabilities to minimize drift. It can measure particulate levels from 0-300 mg/m3 and integrate with data acquisition software for regulatory reporting.
The document provides an introduction to Malaysia's Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulations 2014 and compliance requirements. It outlines key aspects of the regulations including [1] definitions of air pollution and pollutants, [2] impacts of air pollution, [3] mitigation measures and control technologies, and [4] obligations of premises regarding notification, air pollution control systems, performance monitoring and other compliance procedures. The regulations aim to reduce air pollution and encourage industry self-regulation through proper installation and operation of air pollution control systems.
Continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) consist of an automated measuring system (AMS) and an automated evaluation system (AES) to monitor pollutants like SO2, NOx, CO2, and other parameters required by regulations. Quality assurance for CEMS involves three levels (QAL1-3) to ensure suitability, proper installation, ongoing calibration and performance checks. Annual surveillance testing (AST) is also required to verify the uncertainty of measurements. Challenges include full uncertainty analyses, statistical approaches, and uncertainty due to location variations. Proper selection of in-situ vs. extractive systems also impacts the measurement uncertainty.
Particle monitoring involves using particle counters to count airborne particles and classify them by size in order to ensure compliance with cleanroom air cleanliness standards. There are two types of particle monitoring: manual monitoring conducted periodically and continuous monitoring using online measurement systems. Standards like ISO 14644 provide guidelines for particle monitoring, including defining air cleanliness grades based on particle concentration limits and specifying sample volumes and locations for qualification measurements. Particle counters work by detecting and analyzing the light scattered when particles pass through a laser beam to measure particle size and concentration.
Radiation exposures from disposal of titanium dioxide industry waste to landfillKelly Jones
Large quantities of calcium-based reaction wastes are produced by a titanium dioxide production plant. There are currently no options for the re-use or recycling of this waste, and instead it is disposed of to a non-hazardous waste landfill. The waste contains NORM radionuclides from the thorium-232 decay series and, to a lesser extent, from the uranium-238 decay series, with a total activity concentration in the range 1 to 3 Bq/g. This paper discusses the regulatory regime in the UK, relevant to the disposal of “exempt NORM waste” (up to 10 Bq/g) without the requirement for radioactive waste disposal licensing. Estimations of occupational and public radiation exposures made using environmental models are also included. Re-evaluation of occupational doses (ie to landfill workers) made using on-site measurements of gamma dose rate and individual doses (using electronic and passive personal dosemeters) are also presented. The results obtained using from monitoring data are compared with those obtained from the environmental modelling, and the importance of using site-specific monitoring data, where available, is discussed.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The PCME QAL 181 is a particulate continuous emissions monitor that provides accurate measurement of low dust concentrations. It is suitable for measuring emissions from bag filters and electrostatic precipitators. The monitor has high accuracy, operates reliably at elevated temperatures, and has online calibration capabilities to minimize drift. It can measure particulate levels from 0-300 mg/m3 and integrate with data acquisition software for regulatory reporting.
The document provides an introduction to Malaysia's Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulations 2014 and compliance requirements. It outlines key aspects of the regulations including [1] definitions of air pollution and pollutants, [2] impacts of air pollution, [3] mitigation measures and control technologies, and [4] obligations of premises regarding notification, air pollution control systems, performance monitoring and other compliance procedures. The regulations aim to reduce air pollution and encourage industry self-regulation through proper installation and operation of air pollution control systems.
Continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) consist of an automated measuring system (AMS) and an automated evaluation system (AES) to monitor pollutants like SO2, NOx, CO2, and other parameters required by regulations. Quality assurance for CEMS involves three levels (QAL1-3) to ensure suitability, proper installation, ongoing calibration and performance checks. Annual surveillance testing (AST) is also required to verify the uncertainty of measurements. Challenges include full uncertainty analyses, statistical approaches, and uncertainty due to location variations. Proper selection of in-situ vs. extractive systems also impacts the measurement uncertainty.
The document provides details on qualification and validation procedures for gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) systems used in pharmaceutical analysis. It describes calibration tests for both instruments, including tests to check wave number precision and reproducibility, linearity, and temperature accuracy and stability. Validation tests are also outlined, such as resolution checks and tests to evaluate performance against acceptance criteria over time as specified in guidance documents. The document provides a thorough overview of qualification processes for critical analytical instruments.
For efficient control of combustion and drying processes
Simultaneous or as individual measurement: the GM35 gas analyzer measures CO2, H2O and CO, or N2O, as well temperature and pressure – and it does this reliably, quickly, and economically. As an in-situ gas analyzer, the GM35 detects these gas components directly in the gas stream without gas sampling. Reliability, precision, and short response time of the GM35 offer a key advantage for efficient control loops in all CO and CO2-generating processes.
Trace and Percentage (ATEX approved) Suitable for Hazardous Environments. The EC92DIS portable oxygen analyser will detect levels of oxygen as low as 1ppm, up to high percent levels and can be used on most industrial gases and atmospheres.
Process analyzers such as gas chromatographs and continuous gas analyzers play an important role in monitoring and controlling vapor recovery units (VRUs) to optimize processes, ensure safety, and meet emission regulations. VRUs recover vapors from petroleum and chemical facilities to capture hydrocarbons for reuse or sale while cleaning the exhaust stream. Process analyzers measure components in the feed, recycled, and exhaust streams to monitor the VRU's performance in removing hydrocarbons and compliance with emission limits. Typical measurement locations include the inlet and outlet of the VRU.
The document discusses the qualification of analytical equipment. It describes the types of qualification which include design qualification, installation qualification, operational qualification, and performance qualification. It provides details on qualifying various analytical instruments such as FTIR, GC, and HPLC. Specific parameters to be tested during qualification are discussed for components like the inlet, oven, detector, autosampler, and others, along with typical acceptance criteria. The document emphasizes the importance of qualifying analytical equipment to ensure it is properly installed, operates correctly, and provides expected results.
The document summarizes the operations, maintenance, and specifications of the Spirant BAM particulate monitor. The Spirant BAM uses beta ray attenuation to continuously measure particulate concentration in ambient air. It automatically advances filter tape to load dust and then measures attenuation to determine particulate mass and concentration. Data is stored internally and accessible via RS232. Maintenance is required monthly or bi-monthly to replace the filter tape. The monitor has various features like automatic span checks and is designated by the EPA as a federal equivalent method for PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring.
The document discusses pipeline leak detection technologies. It describes automated, semi-automated, and manual detection methods. Common current methods like satellite imaging, helicopter surveillance, and sonic sensors are outlined along with their limitations. An internally-based Real Time Transient Model (RTTM) method is proposed, which uses pressure, flow, temperature, and acoustic sensors along with modeling of the pipeline flow. RTTM can detect small leaks and estimate their location and rate. It is faster and less prone to false alarms than other methods but requires more complex modeling and instrumentation.
Electronic Devices For Oil Gas Facilities.The System For Control Of Gas Conta...ArtemTruff
Dear friends, we are all involved in researches of the opportunities of renewable energy but still oil and gas stay dominating energy sources we need to improve machines that service oil-gas facilities this problem is not limited by safety only it is also question of energy efficiency. Here is introduced equipment for both oil pipeline and gas pipeline this electronics can solve very divers tasks.
The document provides an overview of the qualification process for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipment, including design qualification (DQ), installation qualification (IQ), operational qualification (OQ), and performance qualification (PQ). It describes the objectives and procedures for each qualification step. Key aspects covered include verifying design specifications, proper installation, operational requirements such as precision, accuracy and noise levels, and ongoing performance monitoring. The goal of qualification is to ensure analytical systems are suitable for their intended use and generate reliable results.
This document provides a summary of Method 30A for determining total vapor phase mercury emissions from stationary sources using an instrumental analyzer. Some key points:
- Method 30A involves continuously extracting a gas sample and measuring the total vapor phase mercury concentration using an approved analyzer.
- The method has stringent quality assurance requirements including system calibration, interference testing, dynamic spiking, and system integrity/drift checks to validate data quality.
- Sampling procedures and number of sampling points depend on whether the method is being used for a mercury emission test or to evaluate a mercury continuous emissions monitoring system. Stratification testing may be done to determine the number and location of sampling points.
This document discusses air quality sampling and monitoring. It covers topics such as defining air quality, different types of air quality measurements including emissions, meteorological, and ambient measurements. It also discusses air sampling techniques, instrumentation, and methods for analyzing various air pollutants like SO2, NOx, particulates, and others. Legislation for controlling air and vehicle pollution in India is also summarized.
The business has been able to establish a solid foundation in this cutthroat sector because to the unwavering determination and passion of our mentor Mr. Mayank. We have been motivated to work hard by his consistent inspiration and upbeat attitude.
KDM Global is a well-known producer, supplier, and exporter of lab testing equipment, air pollution instruments, dust monitoring equipment, and pollution monitoring equipment at the best prices in Delhi NCR, India.
Due to the following factors, KDM Global has achieved a notable position in this industry:
Quality items, a wide distribution network, ethical and transparent business practises, simple payment methods, and competitive pricing.
Stack Monitoring Kit KDM Global:
KDM Global was founded in 2003 and is a manufacturer of dust measuring equipment, dust monitoring equipment, devices, and products in Delhi NCR, India. In all of Delhi NCR, KDM Global is recognised as one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of a variety of air pollution instruments, air quality and pollution measuring equipment, dust measuring equipment, and measuring air pollutants. Our selection takes into account the requirements of various research labs, educational institutions, colleges, and the bio-specialized sector.
Application:
A cost-effective routine stack sample monitoring device called the Technogroovy Stack Monitoring Kit is intended to track pollutant concentrations in industrial emissions. The only way to get an accurate picture of emission characteristics is through repetition and repeated monitoring, which is why pollution control panels now place a premium on emission data that will be regularly gathered in more than one or two precise setting values across the nation. The most crucial component is a straightforward device. And easy. Instead of using a complex and stressful system, it is frequently used simply and comfortably.
Operating Principle:
Its basic working principle is to mix and absorb various gaseous pollutants, including SO2, NO2, HF, Cl2, H2S, NH3, and others, in the appropriate reagents. These reagents are then used to determine the concentrations of various pollutants using straightforward hydration methods. Analysis was carried out. In a filter thimble, the typical granulation material is gathered.
Technical Requirements:
• Particle Sampling: 2-30 LPM collection using a thimble-type filter with a 0.3 micron rating
• Gaseous Sampling: 0.2–3 LPM of oolleetion using a set of Borosillicate glass impingers
• Rotameter: Plasiic body rotameter with 2% FSD accuracy; 0-30 LPM for particles; 0-3 LPM for gases
• Sampling Probe: 1.0 and 0.3 m long stainless steel 304 tubes (1.5m, 2m, 4m available at extra cost)
• Filter Holder: Made of stainless steel tube measuring 1.0 and 0.3 metres in length (1.5m, 2m, 4m available at extra cost )
• Nozzles : A set of 3 stainless steel nozzles
• DigitalClock with a reading of 0 to 60 minutes.
• Sampling Train : 2 No. of 240 ml capacity and 3 No. of 120ml capacity boro
This document describes the development of a low-cost adjustable gaseous exhaust analyzer for runtime characterization of vehicle emissions. The analyzer uses a telescopic tube arrangement to passively control exhaust temperature for different sensor needs. It can monitor CO, NOx, CO2, and humidity concentrations in real-time. The analyzer was validated against commercial instruments, showing results within 20% error. Future work will incorporate flow sensors and monitor additional gases to allow for a more complete emissions analysis.
This document provides information on qualification of gas chromatography equipment. It defines qualification as proving and documenting that equipment works correctly and leads to expected results. The types of qualification are design, installation, operational, and performance qualification. Installation qualification checks the installation site and equipment specifications. Operational qualification includes procedures to verify the system operates as intended. Performance qualification ensures the instrument performs within specified limits based on approved methods. The document then provides examples of tests and acceptance limits to check parameters of the gas chromatography inlet system, oven, and detector during periodic qualification.
This document provides guidelines for the manufacture of sterile medicinal products in the European Union. It outlines classification grades (A-D) for clean rooms based on airborne particle limits, with Grade A being the highest standard for filling zones. It recommends environmental monitoring for viable and non-viable particles in grades A and B. Guidelines are provided for terminally sterilized products and aseptically prepared products, specifying the appropriate grade for different manufacturing steps. Personnel requirements include training in hygiene and microbiology and limits on those handling non-sterile materials.
This document provides guidelines for the manufacture of sterile medicinal products in the European Union. It outlines classification grades (A-D) for clean rooms based on airborne particle limits, with Grade A being the highest standard for filling zones. It recommends environmental monitoring for viable and non-viable particles in grades A and B. Guidelines are provided for terminally sterilized products and aseptically prepared products, specifying the appropriate grade for different manufacturing steps. Personnel requirements include training in hygiene and microbiology and maintaining high standards of personal cleanliness.
The IMR 7500 is a stationary, extractive continuous emission monitoring system that can simultaneously measure up to 6 gases including O2, CO, NO, NO2, SO2, and H2S using electrochemical sensors. It uses a gas conditioning system to remove particles and prevent condensation, and outputs data through an interface to allow for online monitoring, furnace optimization, and other industrial applications. The system is modular and can be customized with additional sensors, such as NDIR sensors for CO2, CH4 or TDLS sensors for other gases like NH3 or HCl. It provides accurate, reliable measurements and high annual availability of over 99%.
Support utilities validation.pptx (asmita magare)magareasmi
1) The document discusses the validation of various utilities used in pharmaceutical manufacturing including water systems, steam systems, compressed air systems, and HVAC systems.
2) Validation involves qualification phases including installation, operational, and performance qualifications to prove the design, procedures, and maintenance of the utilities under all expected operating conditions.
3) Key validation parameters discussed for each utility include particulate testing, pressure and airflow measurements, filter testing, and microbiological testing to ensure the utilities consistently meet quality standards.
1. The document discusses standards for assessing cleanliness of components in automotive fluid systems like lubricants, fuels, and hydraulics. Small particles can cause failures, so cleanliness is important.
2. It describes methods for extracting particles from components for analysis according to ISO standards. These include agitation extraction for hollow components, pressure rinsing extraction, and ultrasonic extraction.
3. Extraction methods are discussed for assessing the cleanliness of the inner surfaces of cylindrical components like pipes and hoses used in hydraulic, lubrication, and fuel systems. Validation of the extraction process is also covered.
The FLUXUS G704 is FLEXIM's gas flow meter for permanent installation in nearly any gas flow metering application. Its non-intrusive measurement technology ensures a precise bi-directional, highly dynamic gas flow measurement of operational and standard volume flows.
The document provides details on qualification and validation procedures for gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) systems used in pharmaceutical analysis. It describes calibration tests for both instruments, including tests to check wave number precision and reproducibility, linearity, and temperature accuracy and stability. Validation tests are also outlined, such as resolution checks and tests to evaluate performance against acceptance criteria over time as specified in guidance documents. The document provides a thorough overview of qualification processes for critical analytical instruments.
For efficient control of combustion and drying processes
Simultaneous or as individual measurement: the GM35 gas analyzer measures CO2, H2O and CO, or N2O, as well temperature and pressure – and it does this reliably, quickly, and economically. As an in-situ gas analyzer, the GM35 detects these gas components directly in the gas stream without gas sampling. Reliability, precision, and short response time of the GM35 offer a key advantage for efficient control loops in all CO and CO2-generating processes.
Trace and Percentage (ATEX approved) Suitable for Hazardous Environments. The EC92DIS portable oxygen analyser will detect levels of oxygen as low as 1ppm, up to high percent levels and can be used on most industrial gases and atmospheres.
Process analyzers such as gas chromatographs and continuous gas analyzers play an important role in monitoring and controlling vapor recovery units (VRUs) to optimize processes, ensure safety, and meet emission regulations. VRUs recover vapors from petroleum and chemical facilities to capture hydrocarbons for reuse or sale while cleaning the exhaust stream. Process analyzers measure components in the feed, recycled, and exhaust streams to monitor the VRU's performance in removing hydrocarbons and compliance with emission limits. Typical measurement locations include the inlet and outlet of the VRU.
The document discusses the qualification of analytical equipment. It describes the types of qualification which include design qualification, installation qualification, operational qualification, and performance qualification. It provides details on qualifying various analytical instruments such as FTIR, GC, and HPLC. Specific parameters to be tested during qualification are discussed for components like the inlet, oven, detector, autosampler, and others, along with typical acceptance criteria. The document emphasizes the importance of qualifying analytical equipment to ensure it is properly installed, operates correctly, and provides expected results.
The document summarizes the operations, maintenance, and specifications of the Spirant BAM particulate monitor. The Spirant BAM uses beta ray attenuation to continuously measure particulate concentration in ambient air. It automatically advances filter tape to load dust and then measures attenuation to determine particulate mass and concentration. Data is stored internally and accessible via RS232. Maintenance is required monthly or bi-monthly to replace the filter tape. The monitor has various features like automatic span checks and is designated by the EPA as a federal equivalent method for PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring.
The document discusses pipeline leak detection technologies. It describes automated, semi-automated, and manual detection methods. Common current methods like satellite imaging, helicopter surveillance, and sonic sensors are outlined along with their limitations. An internally-based Real Time Transient Model (RTTM) method is proposed, which uses pressure, flow, temperature, and acoustic sensors along with modeling of the pipeline flow. RTTM can detect small leaks and estimate their location and rate. It is faster and less prone to false alarms than other methods but requires more complex modeling and instrumentation.
Electronic Devices For Oil Gas Facilities.The System For Control Of Gas Conta...ArtemTruff
Dear friends, we are all involved in researches of the opportunities of renewable energy but still oil and gas stay dominating energy sources we need to improve machines that service oil-gas facilities this problem is not limited by safety only it is also question of energy efficiency. Here is introduced equipment for both oil pipeline and gas pipeline this electronics can solve very divers tasks.
The document provides an overview of the qualification process for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipment, including design qualification (DQ), installation qualification (IQ), operational qualification (OQ), and performance qualification (PQ). It describes the objectives and procedures for each qualification step. Key aspects covered include verifying design specifications, proper installation, operational requirements such as precision, accuracy and noise levels, and ongoing performance monitoring. The goal of qualification is to ensure analytical systems are suitable for their intended use and generate reliable results.
This document provides a summary of Method 30A for determining total vapor phase mercury emissions from stationary sources using an instrumental analyzer. Some key points:
- Method 30A involves continuously extracting a gas sample and measuring the total vapor phase mercury concentration using an approved analyzer.
- The method has stringent quality assurance requirements including system calibration, interference testing, dynamic spiking, and system integrity/drift checks to validate data quality.
- Sampling procedures and number of sampling points depend on whether the method is being used for a mercury emission test or to evaluate a mercury continuous emissions monitoring system. Stratification testing may be done to determine the number and location of sampling points.
This document discusses air quality sampling and monitoring. It covers topics such as defining air quality, different types of air quality measurements including emissions, meteorological, and ambient measurements. It also discusses air sampling techniques, instrumentation, and methods for analyzing various air pollutants like SO2, NOx, particulates, and others. Legislation for controlling air and vehicle pollution in India is also summarized.
The business has been able to establish a solid foundation in this cutthroat sector because to the unwavering determination and passion of our mentor Mr. Mayank. We have been motivated to work hard by his consistent inspiration and upbeat attitude.
KDM Global is a well-known producer, supplier, and exporter of lab testing equipment, air pollution instruments, dust monitoring equipment, and pollution monitoring equipment at the best prices in Delhi NCR, India.
Due to the following factors, KDM Global has achieved a notable position in this industry:
Quality items, a wide distribution network, ethical and transparent business practises, simple payment methods, and competitive pricing.
Stack Monitoring Kit KDM Global:
KDM Global was founded in 2003 and is a manufacturer of dust measuring equipment, dust monitoring equipment, devices, and products in Delhi NCR, India. In all of Delhi NCR, KDM Global is recognised as one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of a variety of air pollution instruments, air quality and pollution measuring equipment, dust measuring equipment, and measuring air pollutants. Our selection takes into account the requirements of various research labs, educational institutions, colleges, and the bio-specialized sector.
Application:
A cost-effective routine stack sample monitoring device called the Technogroovy Stack Monitoring Kit is intended to track pollutant concentrations in industrial emissions. The only way to get an accurate picture of emission characteristics is through repetition and repeated monitoring, which is why pollution control panels now place a premium on emission data that will be regularly gathered in more than one or two precise setting values across the nation. The most crucial component is a straightforward device. And easy. Instead of using a complex and stressful system, it is frequently used simply and comfortably.
Operating Principle:
Its basic working principle is to mix and absorb various gaseous pollutants, including SO2, NO2, HF, Cl2, H2S, NH3, and others, in the appropriate reagents. These reagents are then used to determine the concentrations of various pollutants using straightforward hydration methods. Analysis was carried out. In a filter thimble, the typical granulation material is gathered.
Technical Requirements:
• Particle Sampling: 2-30 LPM collection using a thimble-type filter with a 0.3 micron rating
• Gaseous Sampling: 0.2–3 LPM of oolleetion using a set of Borosillicate glass impingers
• Rotameter: Plasiic body rotameter with 2% FSD accuracy; 0-30 LPM for particles; 0-3 LPM for gases
• Sampling Probe: 1.0 and 0.3 m long stainless steel 304 tubes (1.5m, 2m, 4m available at extra cost)
• Filter Holder: Made of stainless steel tube measuring 1.0 and 0.3 metres in length (1.5m, 2m, 4m available at extra cost )
• Nozzles : A set of 3 stainless steel nozzles
• DigitalClock with a reading of 0 to 60 minutes.
• Sampling Train : 2 No. of 240 ml capacity and 3 No. of 120ml capacity boro
This document describes the development of a low-cost adjustable gaseous exhaust analyzer for runtime characterization of vehicle emissions. The analyzer uses a telescopic tube arrangement to passively control exhaust temperature for different sensor needs. It can monitor CO, NOx, CO2, and humidity concentrations in real-time. The analyzer was validated against commercial instruments, showing results within 20% error. Future work will incorporate flow sensors and monitor additional gases to allow for a more complete emissions analysis.
This document provides information on qualification of gas chromatography equipment. It defines qualification as proving and documenting that equipment works correctly and leads to expected results. The types of qualification are design, installation, operational, and performance qualification. Installation qualification checks the installation site and equipment specifications. Operational qualification includes procedures to verify the system operates as intended. Performance qualification ensures the instrument performs within specified limits based on approved methods. The document then provides examples of tests and acceptance limits to check parameters of the gas chromatography inlet system, oven, and detector during periodic qualification.
This document provides guidelines for the manufacture of sterile medicinal products in the European Union. It outlines classification grades (A-D) for clean rooms based on airborne particle limits, with Grade A being the highest standard for filling zones. It recommends environmental monitoring for viable and non-viable particles in grades A and B. Guidelines are provided for terminally sterilized products and aseptically prepared products, specifying the appropriate grade for different manufacturing steps. Personnel requirements include training in hygiene and microbiology and limits on those handling non-sterile materials.
This document provides guidelines for the manufacture of sterile medicinal products in the European Union. It outlines classification grades (A-D) for clean rooms based on airborne particle limits, with Grade A being the highest standard for filling zones. It recommends environmental monitoring for viable and non-viable particles in grades A and B. Guidelines are provided for terminally sterilized products and aseptically prepared products, specifying the appropriate grade for different manufacturing steps. Personnel requirements include training in hygiene and microbiology and maintaining high standards of personal cleanliness.
The IMR 7500 is a stationary, extractive continuous emission monitoring system that can simultaneously measure up to 6 gases including O2, CO, NO, NO2, SO2, and H2S using electrochemical sensors. It uses a gas conditioning system to remove particles and prevent condensation, and outputs data through an interface to allow for online monitoring, furnace optimization, and other industrial applications. The system is modular and can be customized with additional sensors, such as NDIR sensors for CO2, CH4 or TDLS sensors for other gases like NH3 or HCl. It provides accurate, reliable measurements and high annual availability of over 99%.
Support utilities validation.pptx (asmita magare)magareasmi
1) The document discusses the validation of various utilities used in pharmaceutical manufacturing including water systems, steam systems, compressed air systems, and HVAC systems.
2) Validation involves qualification phases including installation, operational, and performance qualifications to prove the design, procedures, and maintenance of the utilities under all expected operating conditions.
3) Key validation parameters discussed for each utility include particulate testing, pressure and airflow measurements, filter testing, and microbiological testing to ensure the utilities consistently meet quality standards.
1. The document discusses standards for assessing cleanliness of components in automotive fluid systems like lubricants, fuels, and hydraulics. Small particles can cause failures, so cleanliness is important.
2. It describes methods for extracting particles from components for analysis according to ISO standards. These include agitation extraction for hollow components, pressure rinsing extraction, and ultrasonic extraction.
3. Extraction methods are discussed for assessing the cleanliness of the inner surfaces of cylindrical components like pipes and hoses used in hydraulic, lubrication, and fuel systems. Validation of the extraction process is also covered.
The FLUXUS G704 is FLEXIM's gas flow meter for permanent installation in nearly any gas flow metering application. Its non-intrusive measurement technology ensures a precise bi-directional, highly dynamic gas flow measurement of operational and standard volume flows.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
1. smart solutions for combustion and environment
Product Overview
Emission Monitoring
Ambient Monitoring
Environmental and Process Data
Management Systems
2. Introduction Monitor selection
The DURAG GROUP develops and manufactures
products in the field of environmental measur-
ing technology for measuring and monitoring
● dust concentration and opacity
● total mercury concentration
● flue gas volume flow
as well as evaluation systems for the calculation
of emissions.
The products are used worldwide in power gen-
eration plants and the process industry, such as
e.g. fossil fuel power stations, waste incineration
plants, refineries, chemical processing plants,
cement works, the lime industry, the steel indus-
try, filter and dust extraction plants as well as for
monitoring ambient air.
The DURAG Group is known for its high stan-
dards of quality. DURAG has been ISO 9001 cer-
tified for a number of years and has fully imple-
mented the corresponding requirements. The
products are manufactured to national, Euro-
pean and international standards.
The following are taken into account:
● VDI 2066 /VDI 3950 – German dust meas-
urement standard
● EN 14181 – European quality assurance stan-
dard for automatic measuring equipment
● EN 13284 – European standard for determin-
ing small dust concentrations
● EN 14884 – European standard for determin-
ing total mercury concentration
● EN 12341 – European standard for determin-
ing PM10 airborne dust
● ISO 10473 – International standard for beta
absorption method
● ASTM D-6216.98 – American dust measure-
ment standard.
DIN EN 14181
DIN EN 14181 defines three so-called quality as-
surance levels (QAL) and an annual functional
test (AST) for automatic measuring systems:
● QAL 1: Requirement for use of automatic
measuring equipment that has had its suit-
ability tested (the test complies with DIN EN
ISO 14956)
● QAL 2: Installation of automatic measuring
system (AMS), calibration of AMS using the
standard reference method (SRM), determina-
tion of measuring uncertainty / variability of
AMS and check for observance of preset
measuring uncertainties
● QAL 3: Continuous quality assurance by the
operator (drift and precision of the AMS, veri-
fication on control card)
● AST: Annual surveillance test including SRM
measurements to check the uncertainty of
the AMS values.
DIN EN 14181 prescribes which characteristics
automatic measuring equipment must possess,
and how they must be calibrated and main-
tained. In addition to the calibration function,
measurement inaccuracy - which plays a deci-
sive role in the validation of the measured val-
ues obtained during continuous monitoring - is
also determined from the data of the calibra-
tion. In addition, the requirements for the un-
certainty of the measured values obtained with
the measuring equipment, which are defined in
the EU directives relating to large combustion
plants, waste incineration plants and waste co-
incineration plants, are checked using a method
described in the standard.
QAL 1 – Testing the suitability of the
equipment technology
QAL 1 specifies the suitability of a measuring
device by calculating the total measuring uncer-
tainty according to EN ISO 14956 before installa-
tion, by taking account of all potential influ-
ences.
Devices that have passed the TÜV suitability test
and have been established as suitable measur-
ing devices generally fulfil the standards of
QAL 1.
QAL 2 – Installation and calibration
check
Selection of the measuring location and correct
installation of the measuring device. Calibration
of the device using a standard reference me-
thod, min.15 measuring points distributed over
3 days, determination of the calibration curve or
curves in different operating conditions (fuels,
load, etc.) and definition of the area of validity of
the calibration curve.
Calculation of the total measuring uncertainty
of the measuring device.
QAL 3 – Continuous monitoring
Regular checks of the zero and reference point
drifts during the plant operation by the operat-
ing personnel should ensure reliable and cor-
rect operation of the measuring device.
AST – Annual inspection
The calibration curve found in QAL 2 must be
checked / confirmed annually by means of 5
parallel measurements.
In addition to the general data, such as de-
sired measurand or measuring range, special
account must be taken of the plant conditions
at the measuring location when selecting a
suitable measuring device, especially in the
case of dust concentration measurement.
Opacity
A light beam sent through a mixture of gas and
particles is attenuated by absorption and diffu-
sion. The more particles are found in the light
beam, the stronger the opacity. The ratio of re-
ceived light to initial light is a measurement of
the transmission or the reciprocal opacity.
Extinction
By converting the transmission to extinction
and after a gravimetric comparison measure-
ment the display is in mg/m3
. For dust concen-
trations this result is displayed in mg/Nm3
by
calculation with the reference units T, P, RF.
Scattered light
A light source emits light which is diffused by
particles in the gas and recorded by a detector.
The scattered light principle is suitable for small
dust loads to under 1 mg/m3
. The relationship
between measured value display and dust load
is determined by means of gravimetric compa-
rison measurement.
Smoke spot number (soot)
Scattered light measurement with very low
measuring range.Smoke spot number 1 corres-
ponds to approx. 100 μg/m3
. A comparison
measurement determines the relationship bet-
ween display and smoke spot number.
Triboelectricity
Triboelectricity results from friction between
bodies or particles. If these charged particles
strike a measuring probe, an electron transfer
takes place. The value of the charge is a measu-
rement for the dust mass flow rate. The relati-
onship between measured value display and
dust concentration can be determined by a
gravimetric comparison measurement.
Dew point
Every gas mixture contains a defined quantity
of humidity. The maximum possible saturation
humidity is dependent on the temperature: if
air is continuously cooled, with constant abso-
lute air humidity the relative air humidity in-
creases up to 100%. If the air is further cooled,
the humidity condenses as water drops and af-
fects the measuring result in optical and triboe-
lectric measuring procedures.
Temperature
The ambient temperature of the measuring
head may be maximum 50°C. In optical sys-
tems, the purge air is also used as cooling air
and separates the hot exhaust gas through the
purge air buffer. In transmission systems, the
standard assembly connection can be used up
to an exhaust gas temperature of 200°C.
Beyond this, the connection must be extended
(approx. 1 mm / 1°C).
Pressure
The standard purge air blower can be used up
to a channel overpressure of 20 hPa. Beyond
this, special blowers are available. A flap valve
should be used in the event of overpressures.
2
3. Measurment Dust / Opacity Dust Soot Dust Dust Dust
Total
Mercury
Ambient
Dust
Measuring
principle Transmission Scattered Light
Forward
Scattering Tribo Beta UV Photometer Beta
DURAG Group
Device
D-R 220 D-R 290 D-R 300-40 D-R 300 D-R 800 D-RX 250 F-904-20 HM-1400TR F-701-20
TÜV ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
US EPA ●
GOST ● ● ● ● ●
MCERTS ● ● ● ● ●
Korean ● ● ●
in-situ ● ● ● ● ● ●
extractive ● ● ●
Automatic zero
and control point ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Automatic soiling
correction ● ● ● ● N/A N/A N/A N/A
Fail safe shutters ● ● ● N/A N/A N/A N/A
Range switching ● ● opt. ● ● ●
Remote control
unit ● ●
Calibratable in mg/m3
wet
mg/m3
wet
mg/m3
wet
smoke spot
number
mg/m3
wet
mg/m3
wet mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
Measuring ranges 0-0.2...1.6 Ext
0-0.1...1.6 Ext
0-20...100%
0-1...30
mg/m3
*
3 RZ
0-10...200
mg/m3
0-2...100
mg/m3
wet
0-1...0-1000
mg/m3
0-45…500
μg/Nm3
0-0.1…10
mg/m3
Detection limit @
stack Ø 1 m 20 mg/m3
10 mg/m3
0.01 mg/m3
0.06 RZ 0.2 mg/m3
0.01 mg/m3
0.5 μg/Nm3
N/A
Detection limit @
stack Ø 5 m 8 mg/m3
2 mg/m3
0.01 mg/m3
0.06 RZ 0.2 mg/m3
0.01 mg/m3
0.5 μg/Nm3
N/A
Sample collection/
Heavy metal
analysis
● ●
* with measuring range switching up to approx. 300 mg/m3
Devices for measuring emissions and immissions
Comparison of emission dust monitors according to application criteria
3
4. Optical dust and
opacity meter
New system for monitoring dust
emissions on smaller plants and in
process applications.
Features
● In-situ measurement directly in the flue gas
flow
● Digital operation with microprocessor
● Adjustable limit value
● 2 contact switch outputs
● Measuring value integral
4/15/64 seconds
● Internal event memory
● PC-interface for easy maintenance
● Modbus RTU interface
● Measurement results shown as opacity or ex-
tinction
● No weather protection covers needed.
Applications
● Non-compliant device for smaller plants
● Heating stations, power stations
● Boiler plants in industry, barracks, hospitals,
schools
● Dust extraction and filter plants
● Process monitoring
● Filter monitoring.
Options
● Neutral density filters for linearity check
● Sighting scope
Measuring principle
The device operates using the double-pass
method according to the auto-collimation prin-
ciple. The light beam traverses the measuring
distance twice. The attenuation of the light
beam by the dust content in the measuring sec-
tion is measured and evaluated.
System components
● D-R 220 measuring head
● Reflectors for measuring distances 0.4 to 10 m
● Mounting flanges
● Supply box with purge air unit
● Zero point reflector.
Models
● System 1: for measuring sections up to 3 m
● System 2: for measuring sections from 2.5 m
up to 10 m.
measurements
opacity,
extinction
accuracy <2% of measuring range
measuring ranges
0–25/50/100% OP
0–0.2/1.6 Ext
detection limit <3% of measuring range
measuring
principle
transmission supply voltage 24 VDC, 0.4 A
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 200°C,
optional up to 500°C,
depending on application
dimensions
(H x W x D)
measuring head
160 x 150 x 314 mm
flue gas pressure
-50 up to +10 hPa,
optional higher
weight
measuring unit 2.7 kg,
reflector 1,6 kg
duct diameter 400–10,000 mm supply box
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50°C purge air supply integrated
protection IP65 supply voltage
85–264 VAC, 46–63 Hz,
50 VA
measuring output 0 / 4–20 mA / 400 Ohm
dimensions
(h x w x d)
210 x 300 x 380 mm
digital outputs
2 relay outputs
30 VA, max. 48 V/1A
weight 13 kg
digital inputs NA protection IP54
supply box
optical measuring
unit
reflector
4
5. measurements opacity, extinction detection limit 0.75% @ extinction 0–0.1
switchable
measuring ranges
opacity: 0–20% ... 0–100%
extinction: 0–0.1 ... 0–1.6
dust: 0–80 mg/m3
...
0–4000 mg/m3 1)
reference point
drift
<0.4% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle transmission zero point drift <0.4% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 250°C,
optional up to 1000°C, depending
on application
supply voltage 95–264 VAC, 47–63 Hz, 30 VA
flue gas pressure
-50 up to +20 hPa,
optional higher
dimensions
(h x w x d)
measuring head
363 x 185 x 398 mm
duct diameter
1 up to 12 m,
optional up to 18 m
weight 7 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50°C,
optional higher
remarks
1)
with reference to one meter of
path length after gravimetric
calibration
protection IP65, Ex optional purge air supply
measuring
outputs
2 x 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm,
manual or automatic measuring
range switching, optional Modbus
RTU, Profibus DP
purge air quantity approx. 80 m3
/h
digital outputs
6 programmable relay outputs,
permissable load 48 V / 0.5 A
supply voltage
115/230 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
0.37 / 0.43 kW
digital inputs
6 programmable potential free
inputs
dimensions
(h x w x d)
weight
350 x 550 x 500 mm
12 kg
accuracy <1% of measuring range protection IP65
Optical opacity /dust
monitor
Standard system for plants with
small to medium dust concentra-
tions.
Features
● In-situ measuring procedure, continuous
measurement
● Semi-conductor source with long service life
● Super-wide band diode (SWBD), which pro-
vides more stable measuring results in com-
parison to devices with conventional LEDs
● Powerful microprocessor technology
● Measured value display on LC display in
opacity, extinction or in mg/m3
● Automatic function tests with correction of
measured values in relation to soiling
● Optics and electronics in a hermetically
sealed unit - no smoke gas can enter device
● Easy adjustment without additional equip-
ment
● Low-maintenance thanks to optimal purge air
conduction.
Applications
Plants in which the dust concentration quantity
needs to be measured, e.g.:
● Furnace plants with semi-anthracite coal,
brown coal, fuel oil and combined heating
● Converter plants, asphalt mixing plants
● Plants for cement manufacture.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Cologne,
test report 936/801017
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring.
● MCERTS.
Measuring principle
The device operates using the double-pass
method according to the auto-collimation prin-
ciple. The light beam traverses the measuring
distance twice. The attenuation of the light
beam by the dust content in the measuring sec-
tion is measured and evaluated.
System components
● Mounting flanges
● Measuring head
● Reflector
● Control and display unit
● Purge air unit.
Options
● Bus interface, e.g. Modbus or similar
● Automatic quick-closing shutters to protect the measuring head and the reflector in the event of
failure of the purge air
● Weather protection covers, for outdoor installation
● Explosion proof design for EEx p, Zone 1 or Zone 2
● With an additional display unit at the measuring location, the control and display unit can be in-
stalled in up to 1000 m distance away
● Temperature compensation through additional analog input
● Special model for measuring distances up to 18 m with 2 purge air units
● Filter set for sensitivity and linearity control.
optical measuring
unit
reflector
purge air unit
control and
display unit
5
6. Measuring device for
smoke spot number /
dust concentration
D-R 300: Extremely sensitive device
for measuring smoke spot number.
D-R 300-40: Especially sensitive
measuring device for the smallest
concentration of dust, in particular
in waste incineration plants.
Measuring principle
The D-R 300 / D-R 300-40 meters operate ac-
cording to the scattered light method. The mod-
ulated light from a Halogen lamp illuminates
the dust particles in the exhaust duct. The scat-
tered light reflected from these particles is
measured and assessed.
Specifications
D-R 300
● Measuring range: smoke spot number 0-3.
Limit value II can be set as delayed discon-
nected contact
● Calibration: VDI 2066, page 8.
D-R 300-40
● Minimum measuring range 0-1 mg/m3
dust
concentration. Other measuring ranges up to
300 mg/m3
can be set (optional automatic
switching of measuring ranges 1:3:9)
● Calibration: VDI 2066, page 7.
System components
● Measuring head
● Mounting flange
● Control and display unit
● light trap(s)
● Purge air unit.
Options
● Automatic measuring range selection for dust
measurement in accordance with
17. BImSchV (D-R 300-40)
● Weather protection covers
● Quick-closing shutter to protect measuring
device in the event of failure of the purge air
supply
● Halar flange coating.
Features
● In-situ measurement directly in the flue gas
flow
● Automatic system tests and correction of
measured values
● Self-calibration in 4-h cycle
● Optics and electronics in a hermetically
sealed unit - no smoke gas can enter device
● Maintenance-friendly, thanks to optimal
purge air conduction in front of the heated
optical end plates
● Direct access to all parameters via the opera-
tor display
● Automatic measuring range selection in ac-
cordance with 17. BImSchV. in relation 1:3:9*.
Applications
● Smoke spot number measurement in fur-
naces designed for light fuel oil
● Fine dust measurements in processes
● Waste incineration
● Filter monitoring and emission-value measur-
ing in waste incineration and power plants*.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Cologne,
test report 936/800002
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Cologne,
test report 936/801004*
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● MCERTS.
*D-R 300-40
light trap
2nd light trap
(D-R 300 only)
quick-closing
shutter (optional)
measuring head
control and
display unit
purge air unit
measurements
smoke spot number (D.R 300)
dust concentration (D-R 300-40)
detection limit <1% measuring range
measuring ranges
D-R 300:
smoke spot number 1–3 (5)
D-R 300-40: dust concentration
0–1 mg/m3
... 0–30 mg/m3 1),
optional 0–300 mg/m3
with range
switching
reference point
drift
<0.2% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
back scattering zero point drift <0.2% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
obove dew point up to 320°C,
optional up to 600°C, depending
on application
supply voltage 115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz, 50 VA
flue gas pressure -50 up to +20 hPa
dimensions
(h x w x d)
measuring head
565 x 310 x 200 mm
duct diameter 0.3 to 4 m weight 18 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50°C remarks 1)
after gravimetric calibration
protection IP65 purge air supply
measuring
outputs
2 x 0/4–20 mA/500 Ohm, optional
measuring range switching
purge air quantity approx. 80 m3
/h
digital outputs
3 relay outputs,
permissable load 250 V / 100 VA
supply voltage
115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz,
0.37 / 0.43 kW
digital inputs 1 potential free input
dimensions
(h x w x d)
weight
350 x 550 x 500 mm
12 kg
accuracy <1% of measuring range protection IP54
6
7. Dust monitor
Innovative measuring device with
laser technology to monitor small
to medium dust emission according
to the new European regulations.
Features
● Integrated display: Measuring value,
threshold value, parameter in probe
● In-situ measuring procedure with continuous
measurement
● High sensitivity
● Easy installation on one side of the duct
● Can also be deployed in thick-walled
stone/insulated channels
● Long lifetime, as there are no moving parts
inside the duct
● Hermetically sealed electronic housing
against exhaust gas
● Parameterisation and operation with key-
board plus easily readable display directly on
device or via bus interface
● Automatic function test with soiling correc-
tion
● Two analog outputs with adjustable measur-
ing ranges
● Automatic switching of measuring ranges
according to 17. BImSchV.
Applications
● Power stations
● Cement plants, the metallurgy and wood in-
dustries, chemical industry etc.
● Waste incineration plants
● Monitoring of dust filter plants.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Cologne,
test report 936/21205307/A
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● MCERTS pending.
System components
● Measuring lance
● Supply unit with integrated purge air supply
● Mounting flange 130 / 240 / 500 mm.
Options
● Weather protection cover
● Temperature compensation through addi-
tional analog input.
Measuring principle
The D-R 800 device works according to the prin-
ciple of forward scattering. The concentrated
and modulated light of a laser diode penetrates
the measuring volume. The forward-scattered
light largely reflected from dust particles is
measured and assessed.
measuring lance
evaluation unit
supply unit with
integrated purge air
supply
RS 485 and
analog
current
output
measurements dust concentration accuracy <1% of measuring range limit
measuring ranges 0–10 mg/m3
... 0–200 mg/m3 1)
detection limit <0.5% measuring range
measuring
principle
forward scattering
reference point
drift
<0.7% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 220 °C zero point drift
<0.15 % of measuring range/
month
flue gas pressure -50 up to +10 hPa supply voltage 85–264 VAC, 47–63 Hz, 50 VA
duct diameter 0.4–8 m dimensions
(h x w x d)
measuring lance:
160 x 160 x 600 / 1000 mm
supply unit: 380 x 300 x 210 mm
probe length
(from flange)
473 / 787 mm weight
measuring lance: 7 kg
supply unit: 13 kg
ambient
temperature -20 up to +50°C purge air supply integrated into supply unit
protection IP65
measuring
outputs
2 x 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm,
Modbus RTU (RS485)
digital outputs
4 relay outputs, programmable,
permissable load 24 V / 25 VA
digital inputs
2 potential free inputs,
programmable remarks 1)
after gravimetric calibration
pending
7
8. Measuring principle
A defined partial current is withdrawn from the
exhaust gas current. This partial cur-
rent is continuously heated and di-
luted with clean, tempered ambient
air. The partial current is optically
measured in the measuring cham-
ber. The signal produced from the di-
verted current is a measurement of
the dust content of the exhaust gas.
The system comprises a special sam-
pling probe, the laser dust monitor, a
gas conditioning unit (dilution, tem-
pering), an injector, two fans and an
electronic evaluation unit.
The sampling probe and the measur-
ing chamber form an assembly. The
electronic evaluation unit and one
blower for operating the injector
and one for generating the diluting air are
mounted together on a rack frame.
Features
● Compact design
● No need for laborious gas withdrawal
● Very low maintenance requirement
● In-situ measuring method with continuous
measurement
● High sensitivity
● No laborious device adjustment
● Automatic function test with soiling correc-
tion.
Applications
The D-R 820 F is used for measuring dust con-
centration in wet gases. It can also be used for
sticky dusts that tend towards caking.
Potential applications e.g.:
● Measurements in saturated gas downstream
of desulfurization plants
● Downstream of wet cleaning plants
● Waste incineration plants
● Particle board manufacture
● Urea industry
● Insulating material manufacture
● Technological processes.
Measuring range Rack frame with control unit
dust in operation 0 ... 15 (max. 500) mg/m3 dimensions
600 x 1700 x 500 mm
(W x H x D)
exhaust gas
moisture limit
value
absolute moisture ≤40%,
250 g/m3,
relative moisture = 100%
space
requirements
1100 x 1700 x 1100 mm
(W x H x D)
Probe unit weight approx. 90 kg
dimensions
including
immersion depth
500 x 750 x 1000 mm (W x H x D),
500 mm
protection class IP65
weight approx. 40 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 ... 50°C
material stainless steel power supply
400 V, 50 Hz, 3~
(fuse protection 16 A )
protection class IP65 Connections on control unit
ambient
temperature
-20 ... 50°C current outputs
4x 4 ... 20 mA, galvanically isolated
with common ground
measuring gas
temperature
max. 280°C (higher on request) load max. 1 kOhm
measuring air flow
rate 8–10 m3/h digital contacts 6x max. 35 V 0.4 A
flange
DN 80 PN 6 special version
tube Ø100 mm
digital input
optional via switching contact to
externally change between
measuring/purging
terminal contacts max. 2.5 mm2
System
components
probe heating
diluting air fan
injector
purge air
for probe
control valve
solenoid valve
injector air fan
exhaust
measuring
chamber
(filter optional)
diluting air
heating
probe electronics
Dust concentration
monitor for wet
gases
Highly sensitive system for continu-
ous extractive dust concentration
measurement in accordance with
the scattered light principle.
8
9. Combined probe
sensor
Single rod measurement probe for
simultaneous measurement of
- Dust concentration [mg/Nm3]
- Volume flow [Nm3/h]
- Temperature [°C]
- Absolute pressure [hPa].
Features
● Only one probe / installation opening in the
exhaust gas channel
● Compact design, no moving parts, no con-
sumable parts
● Continuous conversion to normalised dust
concentration in mg/Nm3
and to normalised
volume flow in Nm3
/h
● LCD display in mg/Nm3
, Nm3
/h, °C and hPa,
one analog output for each measurement
value
● Parameterization at the control unit without
the need of a PC or other tools
● Remote connection of control and evaluation
unit via two-wire bus interface up to 1000 m.
Applications
● For measurements in accordance with TI Air
(Technical Instructions for Maintaining Air
Purity), 13., 17. and 27. BImSchV
✖ Not suitable for use behind electrostatic pre-
cipitators. Please consult us.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Cologne,
test report 936/800006/A
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● MCERTS.
measurements
dust concentration, volume flow,
absolute pressure, temperature
detection limit <2% of measuring range
measuring ranges
0–10 ... 0–500 mg/Nm3
0–9,999,999 Nm3/h 1)
0–200°C, optional 0–350°C
900–1,300 hPa
reference point
drift
<1% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
dust: tribo electric
volume flow: differential pressure zero point drift <1% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 200°C,
optional up to 350°C,
flue gas humidity <80%
supply voltage 115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz, 50 VA
flue gas pressure -200 up to 200 hPa
dimensions
(h x w x d)
probe length
probes: 180 x 180 x (340 + probe
length) mm
250, 400, 700, 1000 mm
duct diameter 0.3–4 m weight
probe 9.5 kg
electronics 22 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50°C
probe back
purging (option)
purge air supply 3 bar
protection IP65
insulator purging
(option)
continuous purge air supply
approx. 2 m3
/h
measuring
outputs
4x 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm,
Modbus RTU (RS485)
digital outputs 7 relay outputs,
permissable load 250 V / 100 VA
digital inputs 6 potential free inputs
remarks
1)
flue gas velocity >5 m/s
concentration after gravimetric
calibration
accuracy <2% of measuring range
Measuring principle
● The tribo probe measures the electric charge
of the incident particles.
● The measurement of the volume flow is
based on the mechanical action principle. The
probe has two separate chambers, between
which a differential pressure builds up under
flow.
● The absolute pressure in the flue gas is
measured by a pressure transmitter in one
chamber of the probe.
● The temperature is measured directly in the
centre of the flue gas flow in a separate cham-
ber within the probe with a temperature sen-
sor.
● Dust concentration is calculated from the
triboelectric measuring signal and the vol-
ume flow. To this purpose in calibration, you
receive the necessary parameters for the rele-
vant speed ranges, which form the basis for
calculating dust concentration.The raw data
that are also measured for gas temperature
and absolute pressure are used to calculate
the standard dust concentration and the stan-
dard volume flow (wet).
probe transmitter differential
pressure
transducer
control and
evaluation unit
System components
Options
● Weather protection cover
● Switch-over cock for back purging / zero
point control
● Automatic cyclic probe back purging for high
dust concentrations
● Hastelloy probes for corrossive gases
● Purge air connection at flange.
max. 1000 m
9
10. Filter monitor
Triboelectric filter monitor for
efficiency monitoring after filter
plants and for continuous dust
measuring in dry emissions.
Features
● Compact and rugged design
● Good price/performance ratio
● Ideal for monitoring bag filters
● Minimal maintenance required
● Early detection of filter malfunctions
● Savings in cost, as no preventative filter ex-
change is necessary.
Applications
● Power stations
● Bag filter plants of all types
● Dust extraction plants in the production in-
dustry
● Waste incineration plants
● Crematoriums
✖ Not suitable for use directly behind electro-
static precipitators.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Hamburg,
test report 98CU026
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring.
Measuring principle
The filter monitor uses the triboelectric effect to
determine dust loads in flowing gases. The elec-
trical charge which the dust particles experi-
ence due to friction is picked up by a probe pro-
truding into the dust channel and converted in-
to a measuring signal by electronics. The
measuring signal is proportional to the dust
concentration and is calibratable at a constant
gas speed.
System versions
D-FW 231 measuring probe
● With complete electronics in the probe
● Probe rod length 400 mm
● Fitted via 1“(G1) thread
D-FW 230 filter monitor
● D-FW 231 measuring probe Probe rod length
400 mm
● D-FW 230-B control unit with digital display
115/230V 50/60 Hz.
Options
● Measuring gas temperature up to 500°C
● Ex version D-FW 240/Ex
● Weather protection cover
● Various mounting options (flange, connection
piece)
● Probe rod lengths 80, 250, 700 mm
probe control unit
measurements dust mass flow detection limit <2% of measuring range/month
measuring ranges
0–100%
(flue gas velocity >5 m/s)
reference point
drift
<0.3% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
tribo electric zero point drift <0.3% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 200°C,
optional up to 500°C,
flue gas humidity <80%
supply voltage
24 VDC, 5 VA
115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz, 10 VA*
flue gas pressure -500 up to +500 hPa
dimensions
(h x w x d)
probe length
probe: 180 x 80 x (270 + probe
length) mm
80, 250, 400, 700 mm
duct diameter 0.3–4 m weight
probe: max. 4.5 kg
control unit: 3 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50 °C
protection IP65
measuring
outputs
0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm
digital outputs*
1 relay output,
permissable load 250 V / 100 VA
digital inputs* 2 potential free inputs
accuracy <2% of measuring range remarks *D-FW 230 only
10
11. sample probe, nozzle
pressurized air
dilution gas control valve
Extractive beta gauge
particulate monitor
Dust monitor especially for wet flues
- emission temperature under dew
point - and for the monitoring of
blast furnace gas.
Features
● Automatic zero correction
● Pre-calibrated, unaffected by particle size,
colour or moisture
● Sample gas flow regulated at 1 - 3 m3
/h
● Isokinetic sampling
● Optional dilution sample probe for high con-
centrations or after wet scrubbers
● Heavy metal analysis possible
● Special model with measuring chamber purg-
ing and CO-TLV monitoring during dust moni-
toring of blast furnace gas.
Applications
● Coal and oil-fired power stations
● Waste incineration plants (municipal waste,
industrial waste and hazardous waste)
● Sewage sludge incineration plants
● Emission dust measurement after wet scrub-
bers or in very wet exhaust gases
● Heavy metal analysis
● Measurement of very low dust concentrations
in emissions
● Emission dust measurement in inaccessible
flues with small diameter
● Dust concentration measurements in process
applications.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Essen,
test report 3.5.2/209/88-338529
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● Type approval: HH 1/98
● PTB test certificate no. 6.22-R202.
Options
● Special design F-904-20/BFG for measurement of the dust concentration in toxic and explosive
blast-furnace gas with shut-off valves for the sample gas during filter transport and with purge gas
(usually nitrogen) for line back purging. A CO detector is also provided, which closes all gauge con-
nections to the process gas if the CO threshold limit value is exceeded and gives an alarm
● Filter tape printer and protective sheet for specimens in heavy metal analyses.
Measuring principle
Determination of the dust concentration by
measuring the absorption of beta rays emitted
by a radioactive emitter by particles collected
from an exhaust gas flow.
System components
● Heated sample probe (material 1.4571 or tita-
nium), with or without dilution
● Heated sample line in 1.4571
● Filter tape in gas-tight filter holder
● 14
C emitter and detector (Geiger-Müller
counter)
● Sample gas cooler
● PLC control, also for calculating the concen-
tration from the dust content.
counter tube
tape-filter printer
(option)
C-14 source
filter adapter
supply reel
take-up reel
filter advance
stepping
motor
sample cooler with
automatic drain
4–20mA
STATI
PLC
total flow
vacuum pump
with bypass
controller
total flow
Venturi
nozzle
dilution
gas Venturi
nozzle
cover foil
(Option)
measurements dust concentration detection limit <0.3 mg/Nm3
measuring ranges 0–1 ... 0–1000 mg/Nm3 reference point
drift
<1% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
beta ray absorption zero point drift automatic zero point correction
flue gas
temperature
0–250°C,
optional up to 500°C
supply voltage 115 / 230 VAC 50 / 60 Hz, 5 kVA
flue gas pressure -100 up to +100 hPa
dimensions
(h x w x d)
1600 x 800 x 800 mm
duct diameter >0.5 m weight 300 kg
ambient
temperature
0 up to +50°C, cooler optional purge air supply pressurized air 6–8 bar
protection
IP43 (with filter blower),
upgradable to IP54
measuring
outputs
2 x 0 / 4–20 mA / 450 Ohm
digital outputs
11 relay outputs,
permissable load 24 V / 25 VA
digital inputs 2 potential free inputs
accuracy <5% of measuring range option
dust monitoring of blast furnace
gas
11
12. Automatic sampling
device for gravimetric
dust measurements
Reference measuring system for
calibration of dust measuring in-
struments [mg/Nm3
] according to
DIN EN 13284-1 and VDI 2066.
Features
● Automatically registers all relevant parame-
ters necessary for dust measurement,
for example:
- humidity of the measuring gas
- velocity in the measuring gas duct
- temperature
- pressure
● Compact system consisting of probes and
control unit
● Variable applications through probe adapta-
tion to plant conditions
● On site diagnosis of the measured values on
high resolution graphics display
● Stores up to 125 measurements
● Automatic calculation of the concentration
in mg/Nm3
after entering the filter weights
● Built-in log printer
● Serial PC interface
● Automatic calculation of the correct nozzle
size
● Calculation of furnace efficiency through the
standardization program, as required in China
and other Asiatic countries
● Excellent price/performance ratio.
Measuring principle
The D-RC 80 automatically extracts a partial gas
stream isokinetically from the measuring gas
duct. This partial gas stream is sucked through a
filter in which the contained dust is deposited.
At the end of the measurement the filter is con-
ditioned and weighed.
After manual input of the weighed filter mass
the D-RC 80 computes the dust content of the
sample in the operational and standard state.
The values can be printed by the integrated
printer or put out through the built-in interface..
Measurements General technical data
dynamic pressure 0 ... 1.500 Pa
ambient
temperature
-20 ... +50°C
static pressure -30 ... 10 kPa
dew point
difference
min. +5 K
barometric
pressure
950 ... 1050 hPa mains 230 VAC / 50 Hz, 200 VA
flue gas pressure -50 up to +20 hPa,
optional higher
data storage
capacity
125 samples
volume flow
(sampling)
10 ... 50 l/min container
dimensions
(w x h x d),
weight
measuring container:
400 x 370 x 200 mm, approx. 15 kg
accessories container:
400 x 370 x 200 mm, approx. 6 kg
probe case:
1570 x 120 x 230 mm,
approx. 9.5 kg
temperature
(before flowmeter)
0 ... 99°C
flue gas
temperature
0 ... 400 °C
humidity 0...40 Vol%
response time <8 s
installation depth:
humidity probe
dust probe
max. 650 mm
max. 1350 mm
control unit with
display and printer
probe for dust measurement flue gas
differential pressue
flue gas temperature
Display main menu
humidity
probe for humidity measurement
measuring points
for differential pressure
measuring point for dust
sample container
Dust measurement probe head
temperature
sensor
12
13. Beta gauge particulate
monitor
A measuring device for the continu-
ous monitoring of the smallest
concentration of particles in the
ambient air (fine dust).
Options
Further sample inlets:
● PM-2.5 (accordant EN 12341)
● PM-10 (according to EN 12341)
● Total dust (according to VDI 2463)
Measuring principle
The measuring principle of the F-701-20 am-
bient dust monitor is based on the absorption
of the beta rays (electrons) emitted by a radio-
active emitter through particles collected from
an ambient air flow. In the F-701-20 the pulse
rate of the unloaded filter tape is measured be-
fore each collecting cycle, then dust is collected
on this precise filter spot over a pre-defined
period, and finally the pulse rate of the loaded
filter tape is measured. The difference between
the two pulse rates is evaluated in the device
and displayed as dust concentration in μg/m3
.
measurements dust concentration accuracy <2% of measuring range
measuring ranges 0–0.1 ... 0–10 mg/m3
detection limit <0.001 mg/m3
measuring
principle
beta-ray absorption
reference point
drift
<1% of measuring range/month
ambient
temperature
0 up to +50°C zero point drift automatic zero point correction
protection IP20 supply voltage
230 VAC / 50 Hz, 110 V / 60 Hz,
400 VA
measuring
outputs 2 x 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm
dimensions
(h x w x d)
320 x 450 x 500 mm,
19“-rack mount / desk unit
digital outputs
8 relay outputs,
permissable load 24 V, 12 VA weight 26 kg
digital inputs 3 potential free inputs probe tube length standard 2 m
0.5–5 m possible
Features
● C-14 method, no measurable decrease in
activity
● Lowest radioactivity of all beta gauges, usable
without licence, or disclosure
● Automatic zero correction
● Pre-calibrated, no site-specific calibration
required
● Mass-flow controlled sample flow 1m3
/h
● Extraction of a constant sample flow, irrespec-
tive of the ambient temperature
● Repeated collection on the same spot, col-
lected particles available for heavy metal
analysis
● RS-232 interface and analog output, status
signals
Applications
● Immissions measuring systems for monitor-
ing fine dust
● Mobile immissions-measuring
● Dust measurement in health and safety appli-
cations
● Interior dust measurements
● Measurement and collection of dust particles
for heavy metal analysis
● Long-term background studies in ambient
dust concentration
● Dust measurement and collection at problem
sites and repositories
● Dust measurement for secondary emission of
repositories (e.g. coal).
● Dust measurement in supply air and exhaust
ducts.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Munich,
test report 720349
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring.
sampling probe,
sample inlet
counting tube
C-14 source
filter housing
supply reel
bypass
control valve
vacuum
pump
sample
volume
flow
flow meter
secondary tube
heating
(option)
protective foil
(option)
filter tape printer
(option)
stepper motor
for filter feed
evaluation,
control
interface
Options
measured
value
printer
strip
chart
recorder
PC: read/write data
from/to instrument
13
14. Total mercury analyser
Measuring device for fully-automatic
and continuous mercury analysis in
smoke gas (without wet chemistry).
Features
● Maintenance-free (6 months) dry reactor
● High operational safety
● Easy maintenance
● Low cross sensitivities
● Easily legible LC display.
Applications
● Waste incinerations (municipal waste, indus-
trial waste, hospital waste)
● Sewage sludge incineration
● Hazardous waste incineration
● Steel plants with scrap metal preparation
● Contaminated soil burning plants
● Crematoriums
● Mercury mines and refineries
● Fluorescent light bulb recycling plants.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Hamburg,
test report 00 CU 014
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● MCERTS.
Measuring principle
In the HM 1400 TR total mercury analyser the
sample gas is converted into mercury vapour by
a combination of thermal and dry chemical
treatment. This is then continuously measured
in a photometer. The probe gas flow is meas-
ured after a gas cooler at 2°C. The concentration
is calculated and displayed as„dry flue gas“.
Options
● Larger measuring range with dilution device
● Top-mounted cooling device
● Automatic probe back purging device, dilu-
tion device for gas sample
● Integrated system to generate calibration gas.
System components
● sampling probe
● sampling line
● measuring device.
thermocatalytic
reactor
zero gas
filter
heated
sample probe
calibration
reactor
option
Hg-
photometer
gas/liquid
separator
condensate
calibration
standard
liquid
watchdog
pump
measurements total mercury detection limit <1 μg/Nm3
measuring ranges 0–45 ... 0–500 μg/Nm3
reference point
drift
<2% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
UV-absorption zero point drift automatic zero correction
flue gas
temperature
0–250 °C supply voltage
230 VAC, 50 Hz, 1200 VA,
sample probe: 650 VA,
sample line: 100 VA/m
flue gas pressure -50 up to +50 hPa
dimensions
(h x w x d)
cabinet
1600 x 800 x 500 mm
duct diameter >0.5 m weight 220 kg
ambient
temperature
+5 bis +30°C purge air supply pressurized air 3–6 bar
protection IP40 (IP55)
measuring
outputs
2 x 0 / 4–20 mA/500 Ohm
digital outputs
4 relay outputs,
permissable load 250 V, 100 VA
digital inputs 1 potential free outputs
accuracy <1% of measuring range
14
15. Volume flow
measuring
system
Measuring system to measure flow
rate in dry emissions with a probe
using the differential pressure prin-
ciple.
Features
● Measurement of emission speed
● Calculation of volume flow at standard condi-
tions with the evaluation unit D-FL 100-10
(optional)
● Adjustable parameters
● Automatic back purging device (optional)
● Versions with or without counter-support and
for point measurement.
Applications
● Volume flow measurement at high tempera-
tures
● Plants with large or small flue cross-sections
● Volume flow measurement at high pressure.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Hamburg,
test report 128CU11650
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring.
● MCERTS.
differential
pressure
transducer
flow 4 ... 20 mA
4 ... 20 mA
absolute
pressure
transducer
(optional)
cross-over
cock
flow probe
flow direction
temperature
transducer
(optional)
4 ... 20 mA
micropro-
cessor
evaluation
unit
Probes
● Probe 1: 0.4–2 m
● Probe 2: up to 4 m
● Probe 3: up to 8 m.
System components
● Mounting flange
● Flow probe
● Counter-support
● Differential pressure transducer
● Cross-over cock
● Probe adapter.
Options
● Microprocessor evaluation unit D-FL100-10
● Absolute pressure transducer
● Temperature transducer
● Weather protection covers
● Automatically controlled back purging device
● Special designs in other materials for applica-
tions with particularly aggressive exhaust gas-
es or high gas temperatures
● dP-transducer in Ex-version.
Measuring
principle
The D-FL 100 measuring system operates accor-
ding to the differential pressure principle. The
probe has two separate chambers, between
which the flow builds up a differential pressure.
Taking account of the other flow parameters
such as, e.g. absolute pressure and temperature,
the volume flow can be converted from opera-
ting to standard conditions with the help of the
D-FL 100-10 microprocessor evaluation unit.
Models
● D-FL 100 probe assembly
with assembly of measuring transducer on
the probe (not for probe 3)
● D-FL 100 hose assembly
with the measuring transducer connection
via hose line.
measurements flue gas velocity, volume flow 1)
accuracy <2% of measuring range
measuring ranges 0–3000000 m3
/h / 3–40 m/s detection limit <3 m/s
measuring
principle
differential pressure
reference point
drift
<0.5% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
above dew point up to 400 °C,
optional up to 800 °C
zero point drift <0.5% of measuring range
flue gas pressure
-700 up to 1000 hPa, optional
higher
supply voltage
14–45 VDC
115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz, 50 VA 2)
duct diameter 0.4–8 m
dimensions
(h x w x d)
probe: 380 x 160 x (300 + probe
length) mm
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50 °C weight 32 kg + 6,8 kg/m probe length
protection IP65, Ex optional purge air supply
6–8 bar for back purging if
neccessary
measuring
outputs 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm 2)
remarks
1)
optional pressure and
temperature correction
2)
only with evaluation unit
digital outputs
3 relay outputs,
permissable load250 V, 100 VA 2)
15
16. Volume flow
measuring
system
Measuring system for ultra-sonic
measuring of velocity and volume
flow, especially for wet and aggres-
sive smoke emissions (waste incin-
eration).
Features
● In-situ measuring method
● Measurement possible below dew point and
for high dust concentrations
● Continuous measurement of normal volume
flow and gas velocity
● Automatic zero point and reference point
control
● Direct connection for temperature and pres-
sure correction
● Parameter input via keyboard or PC
● Continuous temperature measuring.
Applications
● Volume flow measuring at low speeds
● Plants with damp and/or aggressive exhaust
gas, e.g. in waste incineration plants.
● Volume flow measurement at high dust con-
tent.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by the TÜV Hamburg,
test report 99CU019
● Itemized in the list of suitable measuring
devices for continuous emission measuring
● MCERTS.
measuring head
temperature
transducer
(optional)
purge air
purge air
absolute
pressure
transducer
(optional)
evaluation unit
duct
Measuring
principle
The D-FL 200
measuring
system
works ac-
cording to
the
acoustic
transit time
differential method. Ultrasonic trans-
ducers mutually send and receive short
pulses with and against the gas flow di-
rectionwhich affects their transit time. The
volume flow is calculated from the differ-
ence of transit times.
System components
● 2 mounting flanges (Mat. 1.4571)
● 2 measuring heads
● Evaluation unit D-FL 200-10 with housing
● Purge air unit for cleaning and cooling the
sensors.
measurements flue gas velocity, volume flow 1)
,
temperature
detection limit <0.3% of measuring range
measuring ranges 0–3000000 m3
/h / 0–40 m/s
0–400°C
reference point
drift
<0.3% of measuring range/month
measuring
principle
acoustic propagation delay zero point drift <0.2% of measuring range/month
flue gas
temperature
0–200 °C, optional higher supply voltage 115 / 230 VAC, 50 / 60 Hz, 50 VA
flue gas pressure -50 up to +20 hPa, optional higher dimensions
standard measuring head:
190 Ø x 570 mm
duct diameter 0.7–10 m, temperature dependent weight 17 kg
ambient
temperature
-20 up to +50 °C remarks
1)
optional pressure and
temperature correction
protection IP65 purge air supply
measuring
outputs
2 x 0 / 4–20 mA / 500 Ohm,
optional Modbus RTU, Profibus DP purge air quantity approx. 80 m3
/h
digital outputs
3 relay outputs,
permissable load 250 V, 100 VA
supply voltage
115 / 230 V, 50 / 60 Hz,
0.37 / 0.43 kW
digital inputs none
dimensions
weight
350 x 550 x 500 mm
12 kg
accuracy <2% protection IP54
Options
● Modbus interface
● Temperatue transducer
● Absolute pressure
transducer
● Weather protection covers
● Purge air sensor with poten-
tial free error contact.
16
17. Environmental and
process data
management system
Modular system for continuous ac-
quisition, long-term storage, calcula-
tion and visualisation of environ-
mental and process data.
Features
● Instrument for monitoring legally prescribed
limit values and recording their observance
● Emission monitoring and remote data trans-
mission to the authorities
● Adjustable to any plant size through to com-
plete assessment of complex industrial sites
● Continuous monitoring of 1 to 320 compo-
nents per system workstation
● Interconnection of any number of compo-
nents via data networks.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by TÜV Munich, test report
24108990 in accordance with German TA-Luft,
13., 17., 27. 30. and 31.BImSchV as well as the
European Directives 2000/76/EC for waste in-
cinerators and 2001/80/EC for large combus-
tion plants, considering EN 14181.
Measured data recording
● Analog/digital inputs
- as sub-rack with intermediate data storage
- or as local modules
● Data transmission via bus systems, Modbus,
Profibus,TCP/IP or other interfaces.
Data sources
● Emission data
● Immission data
● Meteorological data
● Water data
● Process data.
Data export
● Data interface to MS-Excel with option of fur-
ther measured data evaluation, e.g. for fulfill-
ment of environmental protection officer’s re-
porting duties
● Measured data can be transfered to authori-
ties via standard remote communication or
via internet
● Merging of measured data e.g. for greenhose
emission trading
● Remote service interface for fast and cost
effective service.
Data security
● Paperless data storage to replace recorders
and printers is possible through integrated
data security, which is guaranteed on several
levels in the system
● Intermediate storage of the raw input values
at minute intervals in data communication
unit D-MS 500 KE
● Double data storage on two separate hard
disks in a RAID1 set
● Storage of analog raw values at second inter-
vals
● Data backup on external redundant drive.
Internet/Intranet connection
● Data transfer to an Internet server with HTML
standard masks via standard software
(MS-Internet-Explorer)
● Password-protected control of daily emission
values including classification records.
Visualisation
● Measured data recording according to official
regulations
● Classification tables, daily, monthly and annu-
al records
● Representation of current, prognostic and his-
toric measured data in bar/chart form
● Pollutant compensation, characteristics curve
and correlation
● Automatic alarm and information system.
17
18. Emissions evaluation
computer with solid
state drive
Economically priced all-in-one
module with modern flash memory
technology instead of hard disks.
Features
● Freely parameterisable
● Independently operating module for acquisi-
tion, long-term storage, calculation and visu-
alisation of environmental and process data
● Component of the modular D-EMS 2000 sys-
tem
● Instrument for monitoring officially pre-
scribed limit values with automatic logging
● Continuous monitoring of 1 to 64 compo-
nents connected via bus communication or
hard wired
● „All-in-one“ system no additional evaluation
PC required
● Can also be used as a module of the complete
D-EMS 2000 system.
Applications
● Emissions evaluation computer for small to
medium-sized installations in energy and
heat generation, for waste incineration plants
and in crematoriums as well as for
installations in the chemical and cement in-
dustry.
Approvals
● Suitability-tested by TÜV Munich, test report
24108990 in accordance with German TA-Luft,
13., 17., 27. 30. and 31.BImSchV as well as the
European Directives 2000/76/EC for waste in-
cinerators and 2001/80/EC for large combus-
tion plants, considering EN 14181.
Options
Three device types are available
● Compact system in 19“ 3HU rack
● Desktop version with moni-
tor/keyboard/mouse
● 19“ plug-in unit with pullout keyboard / dis-
play unit
System Overview
The system provides the following screens:
Parameterisation
System adaptation in accordance with licensing
requirements and orders
Information
Group-oriented event display with commentary
option and colour status information
Evaluation
Display of current and historic data in bargraph
and line diagrams
Logging
Classification protocols and individual values in
daily, monthly and annual tables
Device types - Compact system in 19“ 3HE rack
- Desktop version with monitor/keyboard/mouse
- 19“ plug-in unit
Computer Power PC with Linux operating system,
1 GByte RAM and 4 GB Solid State Flash Drive
Data Security Protected storage of all official data including protocols for all legally required
periods on external hard disk or server
Inputs / outputs
Analogue/digital inputs: 8/15 per card max. 6 cards
Analogue outputs: 8 per card max. 4 cards
Digital outputs: 16 per card max. 4 cards
Capacity of the system max. 11 boards
Connection of bus systems
(Modbus, Profibus, Elan)
Analogue/digital inputs: 64/128
Analogue/digital outputs: 64/128
Interfaces 2x Ethernet RJ 45
4x USB 2.0
DCF 77 aerial socket BNC
Analogue modem/ ISDN RJ 45
2x RS 232
1x RS 485 (up to 3x RS 485 also optionally possible)
Operating voltage 115/230 VAC / 50/60 Hz / 100 VA
18
19. D-PM.www
Provision of emission data for person in charge
via Internet
D-EFÜ.www
Provision of emission data for the authority via
the Internet
D-RWS
Storage of raw values with a resolution of 1 s
D-RED
External redundant storage of measured values
and logs
D-EVA-Win
Visualisation software for workstation PCs in
customer’s data networks
D-PM.MS
Direct access by MS-Excel to the D-EMS 2000
database
D-QAL
Automated calculation of drift and precision,
creation of CUSUM cards as well as complete
documentation of the AMS.
Fulfils the requirements of EN 14181.
D-JEK
Automated creation of emission declaration in
accordance with German 11th
BImSchV
D-CDM
Certified software for greenhouse gas projects
according to UNFCCC methodologies.
Meets the requirements of AM 0021, AM 0028,
AM 0034, AM 0051and ACM 0001.
Software modules for
the complete
D-EMS 2000 system
D-QAL
CUSUM control card with detailed
information about precision and
drift as well as the decision for
readjustment
D-EMS CDM Internet
Module
To inform person in charge about the
details of current and historical data
(measured and evaluated values) as
well as the results of all realised
campaigns
D-QAL: Documentation of AMS
D-QAL:
Calculation sheet for CUSUM
cards
19