Physiotherapy management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ppt by Oluw...OluwadamilareAkinwan
This document presents an overview of physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, stages, and medical management of COPD. It then describes the role of physiotherapy during acute exacerbations, including techniques to reduce work of breathing and secretion removal. Physiotherapy is also involved in pulmonary rehabilitation to improve patient function and management through exercise training and education. Physiotherapy aims to prevent exacerbations and optimize lung function in stable COPD patients.
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that affects the lungs. It causes symptoms like coughing, chest pain, breathlessness, and weight loss. Pulmonary TB can develop into either a dormant or active infection. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a useful treatment approach for both active TB and managing post-TB sequelae. It includes exercise training, airway clearance techniques, nutrition support, and psychological counseling to improve patients' symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of life.
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
Autogenic Drainage (AD) is a breathing technique developed in the 1960s/80s in Europe to clear secretions from the lungs using controlled breathing and minimal coughing. It involves three phases - unsticking secretions with small breaths, collecting secretions in the middle airways with medium breaths, and evacuating secretions into the mouth with deep breaths to be spit out. Each phase takes 2-3 minutes for a total of 6-9 minutes. The technique aims to hear and feel secretions being moved up the airways with exhalation instead of coughing.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (an exaggerated airway-narrowing response to specific triggers such as viruses, allergens and exercise).
Physiotherapy can provide relief from symptoms of uncontrolled asthma, including coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath and QOL.
Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration [npf]Rekha Marbate
NPF involves using selective external stimuli to reflexively assist respiration in unconscious patients. It can be used for those who are unconscious, have neurological deficits, are partially breathing, or on a ventilator. Contraindications include fractures to the rib cage or spine, children, and respiratory failure. Techniques include perioral stimulation to initiate epigastric movement, thoracic vertebral pressure over T2-T4 to increase abdominal excursion and over T9-T11 to increase thoracic movement, anterior stretch lift of the basal area to increase rib movement, intercostal stretching to increase epigastric movement and general respiration, co-contraction of abdominal pressure to increase excursion and stimulate coughing
Thoracoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves removing parts of the ribs to collapse the chest cavity. It was historically used to treat tuberculosis and empyema but is now rarely used due to improved drug therapies. Indications for thoracoplasty include cavitary tuberculosis, empyema, and persistent spaces after lung resection. Complications include deformity of the chest wall and paradoxical breathing. Physiotherapy after thoracoplasty focuses on postural correction, breathing exercises, and preventing complications through exercise.
Physiotherapy management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ppt by Oluw...OluwadamilareAkinwan
This document presents an overview of physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, stages, and medical management of COPD. It then describes the role of physiotherapy during acute exacerbations, including techniques to reduce work of breathing and secretion removal. Physiotherapy is also involved in pulmonary rehabilitation to improve patient function and management through exercise training and education. Physiotherapy aims to prevent exacerbations and optimize lung function in stable COPD patients.
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that affects the lungs. It causes symptoms like coughing, chest pain, breathlessness, and weight loss. Pulmonary TB can develop into either a dormant or active infection. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a useful treatment approach for both active TB and managing post-TB sequelae. It includes exercise training, airway clearance techniques, nutrition support, and psychological counseling to improve patients' symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of life.
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
Autogenic Drainage (AD) is a breathing technique developed in the 1960s/80s in Europe to clear secretions from the lungs using controlled breathing and minimal coughing. It involves three phases - unsticking secretions with small breaths, collecting secretions in the middle airways with medium breaths, and evacuating secretions into the mouth with deep breaths to be spit out. Each phase takes 2-3 minutes for a total of 6-9 minutes. The technique aims to hear and feel secretions being moved up the airways with exhalation instead of coughing.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (an exaggerated airway-narrowing response to specific triggers such as viruses, allergens and exercise).
Physiotherapy can provide relief from symptoms of uncontrolled asthma, including coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath and QOL.
Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration [npf]Rekha Marbate
NPF involves using selective external stimuli to reflexively assist respiration in unconscious patients. It can be used for those who are unconscious, have neurological deficits, are partially breathing, or on a ventilator. Contraindications include fractures to the rib cage or spine, children, and respiratory failure. Techniques include perioral stimulation to initiate epigastric movement, thoracic vertebral pressure over T2-T4 to increase abdominal excursion and over T9-T11 to increase thoracic movement, anterior stretch lift of the basal area to increase rib movement, intercostal stretching to increase epigastric movement and general respiration, co-contraction of abdominal pressure to increase excursion and stimulate coughing
Thoracoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves removing parts of the ribs to collapse the chest cavity. It was historically used to treat tuberculosis and empyema but is now rarely used due to improved drug therapies. Indications for thoracoplasty include cavitary tuberculosis, empyema, and persistent spaces after lung resection. Complications include deformity of the chest wall and paradoxical breathing. Physiotherapy after thoracoplasty focuses on postural correction, breathing exercises, and preventing complications through exercise.
Coughing and huffing are techniques used to clear secretions from the lungs. Coughing involves a forceful expiration against a closed glottis, while huffing is expiration with an open glottis. Coughing generates higher pressures but can cause complications like bronchospasm, while huffing creates lower pressures but with less risk. Both techniques work in stages - coughing requires inspiration, glottis closure, building pressure, then opening; huffing is a forced expiration from mid to low lung volumes with an open glottis. Huffing can help clearance with less effort than coughing for some patients.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in restoring patients after abdominal surgery through a variety of interventions. The goals of physiotherapy are to control postoperative pain, promote wound healing, prevent complications like atelectasis and DVT, and strengthen and mobilize weakened muscles. Treatments include breathing exercises, electrotherapy modalities like TENS and interferential therapy for pain management, soft tissue massage, and corrective positioning with passive and active movements to prevent stiffness. Physiotherapy aims to restore patients' optimum functional ability in both the short term to aid recovery and long term to improve strength, endurance, and functional capacity.
The active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) uses three phases to loosen and clear airway secretions: breathing control to relax airways, thoracic expansion exercises to get air behind mucus, and huffing or forced expiratory techniques to force mucus out. It is effective for various respiratory conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis. The technique involves deep breathing, held breaths, and controlled coughing or huffing in set cycles while maintaining proper posture. ACBT sessions typically last 10 minutes and are usually performed once or twice weekly but can be done more often if needed.
This document outlines the physiotherapy management for various types of thoracic surgeries. It discusses:
1) Pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy protocols for procedures like thoracotomy, pneumonectomy, pleurodesis, and thoracoplasty which involve breathing exercises, coughing techniques, ROM exercises, and early mobilization.
2) Common post-operative complications like pain, retained secretions, decreased mobility and focuses on ensuring analgesia and lung re-expansion exercises.
3) Timeline of post-operative physiotherapy starting from day of surgery, with progression of exercises and mobilization before discharge by 7-10 days on average.
This document provides an overview of leprosy (Hansen's disease), including:
- It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae bacteria and primarily affects the nerves and skin.
- Symptoms include discolored skin lesions and loss of sensation which can lead to injuries.
- It is classified based on severity and can be diagnosed via skin biopsy or smear.
- Treatment involves long-term multi-drug antibiotic regimens.
- Surgical procedures and orthotic devices can help address deformities caused by nerve damage.
Physiotherapy plays an important role both before and after cardiac surgery. Pre-operatively, physiotherapists teach breathing exercises to improve lung function and prevent postoperative complications. Post-operatively, physiotherapists prescribe deep breathing, coughing, and leg exercises to clear the lungs and prevent blood clots while also starting stretching exercises to maintain range of motion and prevent stiffness. Guidelines are provided for specific exercises and restrictions after cardiac surgery.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive intervention based on a thorough patient assessment followed by patient tailored therapies that include, but are not limited to, exercise training, education, and behavior change, designed to improve the physical and psychological condition of people with chronic respiratory disease and to promote the long-term adherence to health-enhancing behaviors”
Physiotherapy management for Bronchiectasis Sunil kumar
The document discusses physiotherapy treatment for bronchiectasis. The goals of treatment include maximizing quality of life and function by educating patients about self-management of their condition and optimizing secretion clearance, ventilation, lung volumes, and exercise capacity. Treatment involves monitoring patients and administering medication before physiotherapy sessions. The primary interventions include aerobic and strengthening exercises, breathing techniques, coughing maneuvers, airway clearance, and education to support long-term self-management.
This document discusses various chest mobilization techniques used in physical therapy to improve chest wall mobility and ventilation. Some key techniques described include rib torsion, lateral stretching, and trunk rotation. Chest mobilization can help increase the length of intercostal muscles and improve biomechanics of chest movement. Specific exercises mentioned involve flexion/extension, lateral flexion, and trunk rotation while sitting. Counterrotation and butterfly techniques are also outlined to reduce neuromuscular tone and increase thoracic mobility. Controlled breathing can also be incorporated into walking exercises.
Bronchopleural fistula is an abnormal connection between the bronchial tree and pleural space. It most commonly occurs after pulmonary resection surgery, with reported incidence rates of 1.5-28%. Patients at higher risk include those with lung infections, trauma, or underlying lung disease. BPFs are classified as acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on time of onset and presentation. Acute BPF presents urgently with breathing difficulties while chronic BPF involves infection and fibrosis. Treatment involves managing life-threatening complications, controlling infections, and closing the fistula through surgery or drainage.
Physiotherapy management for rheumatoid arthritissenphysio
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints. It most commonly affects women and can lead to joint damage, deformity, and disability over time. Physiotherapy plays an important role in managing rheumatoid arthritis by providing pain relief, preventing deformities, improving flexibility and strength, and maintaining functional ability. Treatment involves heat/cold therapy, exercises, joint protection techniques, and alternative therapies to help reduce inflammation and preserve joint function. The goals of physiotherapy are to protect joints, relieve pain, and prevent disability through regular exercise and mobility work.
This document defines thoracic kyphosis as an excessive backward curvature of the spine in the thoracic region. It is caused by factors like poor posture, arthritis, lung issues, and diseases affecting the vertebrae. There are different types including round and angular kyphosis. Management involves exercises to improve mobility, posture training, manual mobilization, and bracing for more severe cases. Rehabilitation approaches aim to stretch tightened areas and strengthen weakened muscles to reduce the deformity.
Application of PEP devices in Cardiorespiratory physiotherapy.
It includes types of PEP devices and their uses in physiotherapy..
It stands for positive expiratory pressure.
It includes spirometry, flutter, rc cornet, acapella, etc.
useful in various cardiorespiratory disorders like COPD, asthma , cystic fibrosis, respiratory failure etc.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in the pre and postoperative care of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In the preoperative stage, physiotherapy focuses on assessing respiratory and circulatory function, educating the patient on breathing and mobility exercises, and training the patient to prevent postoperative complications. Postoperatively, physiotherapy aims to prevent pulmonary and circulatory issues through techniques like breathing exercises, early ambulation, and limb movement. The overall goals are to enhance recovery and mobility and ensure patients regain independence.
Lobectomy is a surgical procedure where a lobe of the lung is removed, and is the primary treatment for early-stage lung cancer. The surgery can be performed via open thoracotomy or minimally invasive VATS or RATS techniques. Post-operative physiotherapy protocols focus on pain management, lung expansion exercises, early mobilization, airway clearance techniques, and range of motion exercises to optimize recovery.
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy for urological surgeries and procedures. It discusses common urological diseases, procedures such as nephrectomy, cystectomy, prostatectomy, and their pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy. Complications of urological surgeries are also outlined. Physiotherapy focuses on breathing exercises, coughing, range of motion exercises, posture correction, and pelvic floor exercises pre-operatively and post-operatively to aid recovery.
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses or bacteria. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, lasting over 3 months per year. Chronic bronchitis is often caused by long-term exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke. Symptoms include cough, wheezing, fever, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves examining sputum and chest x-rays. Treatment focuses on rest, fluids, breathing moist air, cough suppressants, and antibiotics for bacterial infections. Chronic bronchitis may also be treated with bronchodilators and mucolytics to thin mucus and open airways.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses, bacteria, or other irritants. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, characterized by a long-term productive cough. Symptoms include cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest discomfort. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, cough medicine, bronchodilators, mucolytics, or steroids. Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and avoiding irritants can help prevention.
Coughing and huffing are techniques used to clear secretions from the lungs. Coughing involves a forceful expiration against a closed glottis, while huffing is expiration with an open glottis. Coughing generates higher pressures but can cause complications like bronchospasm, while huffing creates lower pressures but with less risk. Both techniques work in stages - coughing requires inspiration, glottis closure, building pressure, then opening; huffing is a forced expiration from mid to low lung volumes with an open glottis. Huffing can help clearance with less effort than coughing for some patients.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in restoring patients after abdominal surgery through a variety of interventions. The goals of physiotherapy are to control postoperative pain, promote wound healing, prevent complications like atelectasis and DVT, and strengthen and mobilize weakened muscles. Treatments include breathing exercises, electrotherapy modalities like TENS and interferential therapy for pain management, soft tissue massage, and corrective positioning with passive and active movements to prevent stiffness. Physiotherapy aims to restore patients' optimum functional ability in both the short term to aid recovery and long term to improve strength, endurance, and functional capacity.
The active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) uses three phases to loosen and clear airway secretions: breathing control to relax airways, thoracic expansion exercises to get air behind mucus, and huffing or forced expiratory techniques to force mucus out. It is effective for various respiratory conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis. The technique involves deep breathing, held breaths, and controlled coughing or huffing in set cycles while maintaining proper posture. ACBT sessions typically last 10 minutes and are usually performed once or twice weekly but can be done more often if needed.
This document outlines the physiotherapy management for various types of thoracic surgeries. It discusses:
1) Pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy protocols for procedures like thoracotomy, pneumonectomy, pleurodesis, and thoracoplasty which involve breathing exercises, coughing techniques, ROM exercises, and early mobilization.
2) Common post-operative complications like pain, retained secretions, decreased mobility and focuses on ensuring analgesia and lung re-expansion exercises.
3) Timeline of post-operative physiotherapy starting from day of surgery, with progression of exercises and mobilization before discharge by 7-10 days on average.
This document provides an overview of leprosy (Hansen's disease), including:
- It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae bacteria and primarily affects the nerves and skin.
- Symptoms include discolored skin lesions and loss of sensation which can lead to injuries.
- It is classified based on severity and can be diagnosed via skin biopsy or smear.
- Treatment involves long-term multi-drug antibiotic regimens.
- Surgical procedures and orthotic devices can help address deformities caused by nerve damage.
Physiotherapy plays an important role both before and after cardiac surgery. Pre-operatively, physiotherapists teach breathing exercises to improve lung function and prevent postoperative complications. Post-operatively, physiotherapists prescribe deep breathing, coughing, and leg exercises to clear the lungs and prevent blood clots while also starting stretching exercises to maintain range of motion and prevent stiffness. Guidelines are provided for specific exercises and restrictions after cardiac surgery.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive intervention based on a thorough patient assessment followed by patient tailored therapies that include, but are not limited to, exercise training, education, and behavior change, designed to improve the physical and psychological condition of people with chronic respiratory disease and to promote the long-term adherence to health-enhancing behaviors”
Physiotherapy management for Bronchiectasis Sunil kumar
The document discusses physiotherapy treatment for bronchiectasis. The goals of treatment include maximizing quality of life and function by educating patients about self-management of their condition and optimizing secretion clearance, ventilation, lung volumes, and exercise capacity. Treatment involves monitoring patients and administering medication before physiotherapy sessions. The primary interventions include aerobic and strengthening exercises, breathing techniques, coughing maneuvers, airway clearance, and education to support long-term self-management.
This document discusses various chest mobilization techniques used in physical therapy to improve chest wall mobility and ventilation. Some key techniques described include rib torsion, lateral stretching, and trunk rotation. Chest mobilization can help increase the length of intercostal muscles and improve biomechanics of chest movement. Specific exercises mentioned involve flexion/extension, lateral flexion, and trunk rotation while sitting. Counterrotation and butterfly techniques are also outlined to reduce neuromuscular tone and increase thoracic mobility. Controlled breathing can also be incorporated into walking exercises.
Bronchopleural fistula is an abnormal connection between the bronchial tree and pleural space. It most commonly occurs after pulmonary resection surgery, with reported incidence rates of 1.5-28%. Patients at higher risk include those with lung infections, trauma, or underlying lung disease. BPFs are classified as acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on time of onset and presentation. Acute BPF presents urgently with breathing difficulties while chronic BPF involves infection and fibrosis. Treatment involves managing life-threatening complications, controlling infections, and closing the fistula through surgery or drainage.
Physiotherapy management for rheumatoid arthritissenphysio
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints. It most commonly affects women and can lead to joint damage, deformity, and disability over time. Physiotherapy plays an important role in managing rheumatoid arthritis by providing pain relief, preventing deformities, improving flexibility and strength, and maintaining functional ability. Treatment involves heat/cold therapy, exercises, joint protection techniques, and alternative therapies to help reduce inflammation and preserve joint function. The goals of physiotherapy are to protect joints, relieve pain, and prevent disability through regular exercise and mobility work.
This document defines thoracic kyphosis as an excessive backward curvature of the spine in the thoracic region. It is caused by factors like poor posture, arthritis, lung issues, and diseases affecting the vertebrae. There are different types including round and angular kyphosis. Management involves exercises to improve mobility, posture training, manual mobilization, and bracing for more severe cases. Rehabilitation approaches aim to stretch tightened areas and strengthen weakened muscles to reduce the deformity.
Application of PEP devices in Cardiorespiratory physiotherapy.
It includes types of PEP devices and their uses in physiotherapy..
It stands for positive expiratory pressure.
It includes spirometry, flutter, rc cornet, acapella, etc.
useful in various cardiorespiratory disorders like COPD, asthma , cystic fibrosis, respiratory failure etc.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in the pre and postoperative care of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In the preoperative stage, physiotherapy focuses on assessing respiratory and circulatory function, educating the patient on breathing and mobility exercises, and training the patient to prevent postoperative complications. Postoperatively, physiotherapy aims to prevent pulmonary and circulatory issues through techniques like breathing exercises, early ambulation, and limb movement. The overall goals are to enhance recovery and mobility and ensure patients regain independence.
Lobectomy is a surgical procedure where a lobe of the lung is removed, and is the primary treatment for early-stage lung cancer. The surgery can be performed via open thoracotomy or minimally invasive VATS or RATS techniques. Post-operative physiotherapy protocols focus on pain management, lung expansion exercises, early mobilization, airway clearance techniques, and range of motion exercises to optimize recovery.
This document provides an overview of physiotherapy for urological surgeries and procedures. It discusses common urological diseases, procedures such as nephrectomy, cystectomy, prostatectomy, and their pre-operative and post-operative physiotherapy. Complications of urological surgeries are also outlined. Physiotherapy focuses on breathing exercises, coughing, range of motion exercises, posture correction, and pelvic floor exercises pre-operatively and post-operatively to aid recovery.
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses or bacteria. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, lasting over 3 months per year. Chronic bronchitis is often caused by long-term exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke. Symptoms include cough, wheezing, fever, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves examining sputum and chest x-rays. Treatment focuses on rest, fluids, breathing moist air, cough suppressants, and antibiotics for bacterial infections. Chronic bronchitis may also be treated with bronchodilators and mucolytics to thin mucus and open airways.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses, bacteria, or other irritants. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, characterized by a long-term productive cough. Symptoms include cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest discomfort. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, cough medicine, bronchodilators, mucolytics, or steroids. Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and avoiding irritants can help prevention.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses, bacteria, or other irritants. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, characterized by a long-term productive cough. Symptoms include cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest discomfort. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, cough medicine, bronchodilators, mucolytics, or steroids. Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and avoiding pollution can help prevent bronchitis.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to chronic lung diseases characterized by airflow limitation. The two main conditions that make up COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic bronchitis involves inflammation of the airways and excessive mucus production, while emphysema involves breakdown of lung tissue and enlargement of the airspaces. The primary cause of COPD is cigarette smoking. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. Management focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and preventing and treating exacerbations. Nursing care involves positioning, breathing exercises, suctioning and airway clearance techniques.
1. The document discusses diagnostic tests and management of various respiratory diseases including bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, and asthma. It provides details on signs and symptoms, etiology, diagnostic testing, and treatment approaches for each condition.
2. Key diagnostic tests discussed are bronchoscopy, chest X-ray, pulmonary angiography, sputum culture and sensitivity, and arterial blood gas. Treatment approaches focus on relieving symptoms, treating underlying infections, and preventing exacerbations.
3. Nursing priorities for respiratory conditions include monitoring breathing, administering medications, suctioning secretions, providing education and promoting lifestyle changes to improve lung health.
The document discusses chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD as a progressive lung disease characterized by airflow obstruction caused by chronic bronchitis or emphysema. The document provides statistics on the prevalence and mortality of COPD worldwide and in India. It identifies the major risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluations, management including medications, oxygen therapy, surgery, and rehabilitation. It also discusses nursing care for patients with COPD.
1. COPD is a progressive lung disease involving airway obstruction that is not fully reversible. It encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
2. The pathophysiology involves chronic inflammation in the airways and lung tissue leading to damage over time.
3. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms through bronchodilators and oxygen therapy. Lung volume reduction surgery may be an option for severe COPD.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses, bacteria, or other irritants. It is characterized by coughing and mucus production. Risk factors include smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, and weakened immune systems. Treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial infections, bronchodilators, expectorants, and lifestyle changes like smoking cessation. Nursing care focuses on airway clearance, breathing exercises, hydration, and preventing exacerbations.
This document provides an overview of COPD and emphysema pathogenesis. It discusses:
1. The case of a 55-year-old male smoker presenting with dyspnea and a history of 20 pack-years of smoking.
2. The pathogenesis of emphysema, which involves chronic smoke exposure leading to lung inflammation and damage, structural cell death, and ineffective repair of lung tissue.
3. Definitions and classifications of COPD, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis from leading health organizations.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi. It can be acute or chronic. Acute bronchitis often occurs with a cold or flu and is characterized by cough with mucus. Chronic bronchitis lasts more than 3 months per year for over 2 years and is usually caused by smoking or air pollution. Symptoms include productive cough. Treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial infections, bronchodilators to open airways, mucolytics to thin mucus, steroids to reduce inflammation, and pulmonary rehabilitation. Nursing care focuses on breathing treatments, pulmonary hygiene, comfort measures, and health education. Preventing bronchitis involves avoiding tobacco smoke, managing diet, hand washing, and using a humidifier.
This document provides information on lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). It discusses various types of LRTIs including pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis, and others. It covers causative organisms, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic evaluations, treatment including medications, nursing diagnoses, and patient education.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by abnormal dilation of the bronchi. It can be caused by airway obstruction, pulmonary infections, genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis, or idiopathic factors. Symptoms include persistent cough with large amounts of sputum, hemoptysis, and clubbing of the fingers. Diagnosis is made through chest imaging like HRCT. Treatment focuses on clearing secretions through postural drainage, chest physiotherapy, antibiotics, bronchodilators, and smoking cessation. Nursing management centers on helping patients perform breathing exercises and techniques to clear pulmonary secretions.
A common, preventable and treatable disease, characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that are usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and/or alveoli due to significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. (Vogelmeier et al., 2017).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to progressive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It is characterized by increasing breathlessness over many years that is caused by an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles, primarily from cigarette smoking. While COPD affects the lungs, it also produces systemic effects. The main symptoms include worsening shortness of breath, chronic cough, and excess mucus production. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, medical history, and lung function tests. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation and medications to relieve symptoms.
1. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that causes mucus buildup and difficulty breathing. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, lasting over 3 months.
2. Smoking is a major cause of both acute and chronic bronchitis. Other causes include viral infections, air pollution, and repeated lung irritation.
3. Treatment for bronchitis focuses on relieving symptoms through rest, hydration, cough suppressants, bronchodilators, antibiotics if bacterial infection is present, and removing irritants like smoking. Managing symptoms can help prevent complications like pneumonia.
These slides offer a comprehensive overview of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a progressive lung disorder characterized by airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. Delve into the pathophysiology of COPD, understanding the role of smoking, environmental factors, and genetic predisposition in its development. Learn about the clinical manifestations, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and how they contribute to the disease's progression. The presentation explores diagnostic methods such as spirometry and imaging techniques, as well as the GOLD guidelines that aid in disease staging and management. Discover the multifaceted treatment approaches, including bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lifestyle modifications. These slides provide a comprehensive resource for grasping the complexities of COPD and its management.
physical therapy for suppurative lung diseaseAlyaa Zaki
Student Alyaa Zaki Mahmoud (ID: 67028) is researching physical therapy for suppurative lung diseases like bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, lung abscess, and pneumonia. The document outlines various physical therapy techniques to clear secretions from the lungs including active cycle of breathing, positive expiratory pressure, flutter, percussion, and exercise. It also defines and describes the clinical presentation and physical therapy management of specific suppurative lung diseases.
Anaesthesic Considerations in COPD.pptxsanikashukla2
The document discusses anaesthetic considerations for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD and its subtypes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It describes taking a thorough history including dyspnea, cough, smoking history and current medications. The physical exam focuses on signs of respiratory distress and lung examination. Key investigations include spirometry, chest X-ray and blood gases which may show respiratory acidosis or chronic respiratory failure. Preoperative planning considers optimizing the patient's pulmonary status and intraoperative management focuses on lung-protective ventilation.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease defined by irreversible dilation of the bronchi. It develops from an initial event that impairs mucociliary clearance, allowing bacteria to colonize and further damage the lungs. The hallmark symptoms are a chronic cough and sputum production lasting months to years. Risk factors include cystic fibrosis, infections, immunodeficiencies, and exposures to toxic substances. Management involves antibiotics, airway clearance techniques, and supplemental oxygen. Severe cases may require surgery.
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE BY AKRAM KHANAkram Khan
This document provides information on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). It defines COPD as a disease characterized by airflow obstruction caused by chronic bronchitis or emphysema. The main causes are cigarette smoking, infections, and occupational exposures. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and dyspnea. Diagnosis involves spirometry and chest imaging. Management focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, lung surgery for severe cases, and dietary modifications. Nursing care includes assessing respiratory status, teaching breathing techniques and airway clearance, administering medications, and addressing nutrition.
Chest drains provide a method for removing air and fluid from the pleural space by using an underwater seal system. The drain tube is inserted into the pleural space and the distal end is submerged in water, creating pressure resistance that allows air and fluid to drain out while preventing their return. Proper drainage, swinging, bubbling, and suction indicate the chest drain is functioning correctly and removing air or fluid as needed. Persistent air leaks can prolong hospital stays and require additional treatment.
Pneumothorax and Physiotherapy management .pptxShilpasree Saha
A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space between the lungs and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. It can be caused by trauma, rupture of blebs or bullae in the lungs, or underlying lung conditions. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. On examination, findings may include diminished chest movement, absent breath sounds, and hyper-resonance on percussion. Treatment involves bed rest for small pneumothorax, needle aspiration or chest tube for large ones, and potential pleurodesis or pleurectomy for recurrent cases. Physiotherapy focuses on expansion exercises to re-expand the lung and shoulder exercises to maintain mobility.
This document discusses physiotherapy treatment for various pulmonary surgeries. It describes different types of thoracotomy incisions and their indications. It also discusses postoperative physiotherapy protocols for procedures like pneumonectomy, lobectomy, wedge resection and others. The goals of physiotherapy are to clear secretions, retain lung expansion, prevent complications and restore mobility. It covers management of chest drains and tubes as well as potential complications of pulmonary surgeries.
An incentive spirometer is a device used to improve lung function and prevent complications after surgery or with respiratory conditions. It measures the volume of air inhaled and provides visual feedback to encourage deep breathing. Patients perform slow, deep breaths through the device to train inspiratory muscles. Indications for its use include surgery requiring hospitalization over one day, prolonged bed rest, and respiratory diseases. It can help reduce postoperative lung issues like pneumonia and collapse of air spaces in the lungs. Precautions are taken with infections, bleeding, or recent surgery. The device is inexpensive and easy for patients to use with guided breathing techniques.
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a chronic atherosclerotic disease affecting arteries outside the heart, most commonly in the lower limbs. It shares common risk factors with coronary artery disease such as smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, and hypertension. PAD can cause intermittent claudication pain in calf muscles with walking that resolves with rest, or critical limb ischemia with rest pain and tissue loss. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, ankle-brachial pressure index measurement, and imaging tests. Treatment focuses on risk factor modification through lifestyle changes and medications to improve blood flow and prevent limb loss.
The document discusses respiratory infections in children, including upper respiratory tract infections like sinusitis, pharyngitis, and ear infections, as well as lower respiratory tract infections like pneumonia and bronchiolitis. It describes the anatomy of the upper and lower respiratory tract, signs and symptoms of different infections, common causative agents, and treatment approaches.
Carcinoma of the respiratory tract can be benign or malignant, with the majority being malignant. It is more common in males, urban dwellers, and smokers. The most common type is squamous cell carcinoma, while anaplastic carcinoma metastasizes earliest. Symptoms include cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, pain, malaise, and weight loss. Treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, with physiotherapy before and after procedures to clear secretions and improve breathing.
Stress management is important for athletes to regulate competition demands and maintain optimal performance and well-being. Stress can negatively impact performance if perceived stress levels are too high. The transactional theory of stress describes stressors as environmental demands and coping as cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage stressors. Common coping strategies include problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, avoidance-focused coping, approach-focused coping, and appraisal-focused coping. Effective stress management techniques for athletes include preparation, building self-efficacy and confidence, meditation, and setting goals.
REHABILITATION FOR ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION.pptxShilpasree Saha
Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure that occurs upon standing from a lying or sitting position. It is common after surgery due to prolonged immobilization. This document discusses the causes of orthostatic hypotension and provides recommendations for its management, including patient education, compression garments, elevating the head of the bed, isometric exercises, physical activity, and increasing fluid and salt intake. The goal is to raise standing blood pressure without also raising supine pressure to reduce symptoms and improve daily functioning.
A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space between the lungs and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. It can be caused by trauma, rupture of blebs or bullae in the lungs, or underlying lung conditions. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. On examination, findings may include diminished chest movement, absent breath sounds, and hyper-resonance on percussion. Treatment involves bed rest for small pneumothorax, needle aspiration or chest tube for large ones, and potential pleurodesis or pleurectomy for recurrent cases. Physiotherapy focuses on expansion exercises to re-expand the lung and shoulder exercises to maintain mobility.
The document provides an overview of arterial blood gas analysis and interpretation. It discusses:
- The respiratory and metabolic systems work together to maintain blood pH. The respiratory system prioritizes pH over oxygen levels.
- For minor oxygen fluctuations, ventilation is driven by carbon dioxide to retain pH within normal ranges, even at the expense of oxygen. Only severe hypoxia triggers an increase in ventilation.
- The respiratory system responds quickly to changes, within seconds to minutes, while the metabolic system responds more slowly over hours to days.
- A step-by-step method is provided to interpret ABG results by examining pH, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate/base excess, and oxygen levels.
1) Humidification and nebulization are important adjuncts to chest physiotherapy by maintaining proper humidity levels in the airways.
2) Various types of humidifiers and nebulizers are used to deliver humidified air or medications to patients with compromised respiratory function or those on mechanical ventilation.
3) Humidification helps maintain airway secretions, protects the respiratory tract, ensures proper ciliary function and mucociliary clearance. Nebulization aids in delivering bronchodilators, mucolytics and other drugs to facilitate chest physiotherapy.
ABNORMAL ECG PART-2: CONDUCTION DIFFICULTY . Shilpasree Saha
This document discusses different types of conduction blocks that can occur in an ECG. It describes first-degree AV block, characterized by a prolonged PR interval but normal conduction ratio of 1:1. Second-degree AV block is divided into Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) where the PR interval lengthens until a P wave fails to conduct, and Mobitz type II where there is a fixed PR but dropped beats. Third-degree AV block is complete heart block where the atria and ventricles contract independently. ST segment changes can indicate myocardial ischemia or infarction, with elevation associated with transmural MI and depression with non-transmural MI.
This document summarizes several types of supraventricular arrhythmias (abnormalities of impulse generation or conduction above the ventricles), including:
- Sinus arrhythmia, where the heart rate varies due to breathing
- Sinus bradycardia, a slow heart rate below 60 BPM, and sinus tachycardia, a fast heart rate over 100 BPM
- Premature beats that occur earlier than expected, such as premature atrial complexes or premature junctional complexes
- Supraventricular tachycardia, a rapid heart rate over 150 BPM that can be sustained or paroxysmal
- Atrial flutter, where the normal P-waves are replaced by
This document discusses various types of valvular heart disease, including stenosis (narrowing of the valves), regurgitation (backward flow of blood through valves), aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis, and mitral insufficiency. It describes the causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of each condition. Valvular diseases are generally asymptomatic for years initially but can progress to cause heart failure if left untreated. Diagnosis is typically via echocardiogram and treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications, or valve repair/replacement surgery depending on severity.
An exercise prescription for women should include the following key elements:
1. Assess the patient's current physical activity level and stage of change.
2. Consider the patient's medical conditions and safety for exercise.
3. Prescribe aerobic exercise 3-5 times per week for 30 minutes at a moderate intensity, as well as resistance training 2-3 times per week. The prescription should follow the FITT principle of specifying frequency, intensity, time and type of exercise.
Exercise Prescription For Hypertensive Population.pdfShilpasree Saha
This document provides information on exercise prescription for individuals with hypertension. It defines hypertension and its stages/grades according to different clinical guidelines. It discusses the large healthcare burden of uncontrolled hypertension. Regular physical activity and exercise are recommended as first-line interventions for both preventing and treating hypertension due to their ability to lower blood pressure through multiple physiological mechanisms. The document provides an example exercise prescription for a hypertensive population that includes aerobic and resistance training a minimum of 150 minutes per week. It also provides recommendations on exercise testing and medical supervision depending on a person's blood pressure levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
This document provides guidance on palpation techniques for structures in the shoulder complex. It describes how to palpate bony edges and prominences using specific techniques like perpendicular finger placement and circular motions. Key structures of the shoulder girdle that can be palpated are identified, including the scapula, clavicle, and humerus. Reference points and positions are outlined to locate structures and assess shoulder range of motion.
This document provides an overview of pulmonary function tests (PFTs). It discusses the basics of PFTs, including comparing observed results to predicted values and categorizing tests as volumes, flows, or diffusion studies. Specific tests are described, such as spirometry, flow-volume loops, closing volumes, and maximal voluntary ventilation. Lung volumes, capacities, and the components of a spirogram are defined. The document also covers indications, contraindications, and procedures for PFTs.
The document describes the anatomy and function of the diaphragm muscle and provides techniques for its manual evaluation. It discusses the diaphragm's role in breathing and other bodily functions. It also explains how conditions like COPD can impact the diaphragm over time. Finally, it outlines specific techniques for manually evaluating different areas of the diaphragm through palpation of the ribs, domes, and ligaments.
2024 Media Preferences of Older Adults: Consumer Survey and Marketing Implica...Media Logic
When it comes to creating marketing strategies that target older adults, it is crucial to have insight into their media habits and preferences. Understanding how older adults consume and use media is key to creating acquisition and retention strategies. We recently conducted our seventh annual survey to gain insight into the media preferences of older adults in 2024. Here are the survey responses and marketing implications that stood out to us.
Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Children - Counselling and Family Thera...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Malayali Kerala Spa in Ajman, one among the top rated massage centre in ajman, welcomes you to experience high quality massage services from massage staffs from all ove rthe world! Being the best spa massage service providers, we take pride in offering traditional massage services of different countries, like
Indian Massage, Kerala Massage, Thai Massage, Pakistani Massage, Russian Massage etc
If you are seeking relaxation, pain relief, or wellness experience, our ajman spa is here for your unique needs and concerns. The services of our experienced therapists, and personalized attention will ensure that each visit will be memorable for you.
Book your appointment today and let us take you to a world of serenity and self-care. Because you deserves the best.
Satisfying Spa Massage Experience at Just 99 AED - Malayali Kerala Spa AjmanMalayali Kerala Spa Ajman
Our Spa Massage Center Ajman prioritizes efficiency to ensure a satisfying massage experience for our clients at Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman. We offer a hassle-free appointment system, effective health issue identification, and precise massage techniques.
Our Spa in Ajman stands out for its effectiveness in enhancing wellness. Our therapists focus on treating the root cause of issues, providing tailored treatments for each client. We take pride in offering the most satisfying Pakistani Spa service, adjusting treatment plans based on client feedback.
For the most result-oriented Russian Spa treatment in Ajman, visit our Massage Center. Our Russian therapists are skilled in various techniques to address health concerns. Our body-to-body massage is efficient due to individualized care and high-grade massage oils.
As Mumbai's premier kidney transplant and donation center, L H Hiranandani Hospital Powai is not just a medical facility; it's a beacon of hope where cutting-edge science meets compassionate care, transforming lives and redefining the standards of kidney health in India.
Simple Steps to Make Her Choose You Every DayLucas Smith
Simple Steps to Make Her Choose You Every Day" and unlock the secrets to building a strong, lasting relationship. This comprehensive guide takes you on a journey to self-improvement, enhancing your communication and emotional skills, ensuring that your partner chooses you without hesitation. Forget about complications and start applying easy, straightforward steps that make her see you as the ideal person she can't live without. Gain the key to her heart and enjoy a relationship filled with love and mutual respect. This isn't just a book; it's an investment in your happiness and the happiness of your partner
Fit to Fly PCR Covid Testing at our Clinic Near YouNX Healthcare
A Fit-to-Fly PCR Test is a crucial service for travelers needing to meet the entry requirements of various countries or airlines. This test involves a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19, which is considered the gold standard for detecting active infections. At our travel clinic in Leeds, we offer fast and reliable Fit to Fly PCR testing, providing you with an official certificate verifying your negative COVID-19 status. Our process is designed for convenience and accuracy, with quick turnaround times to ensure you receive your results and certificate in time for your departure. Trust our professional and experienced medical team to help you travel safely and compliantly, giving you peace of mind for your journey.www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric n...rightmanforbloodline
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric noreen and peter brewer_compressed
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric noreen and peter brewer_compressed
English Drug and Alcohol Commissioners June 2024.pptxMatSouthwell1
Presentation made by Mat Southwell to the Harm Reduction Working Group of the English Drug and Alcohol Commissioners. Discuss stimulants, OAMT, NSP coverage and community-led approach to DCRs. Focussing on active drug user perspectives and interests
The Importance of Black Women Understanding the Chemicals in Their Personal C...bkling
Certain chemicals, such as phthalates and parabens, can disrupt the body's hormones and have significant effects on health. According to data, hormone-related health issues such as uterine fibroids, infertility, early puberty and more aggressive forms of breast and endometrial cancers disproportionately affect Black women. Our guest speaker, Jasmine A. McDonald, PhD, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Epidemiology at Columbia University in New York City, discusses the scientific reasons why Black women should pay attention to specific chemicals in their personal care products, like hair care, and ways to minimize their exposure.
The story of Dr. Ranjit Jagtap's daughters is more than a tale of inherited responsibility; it's a narrative of passion, innovation, and unwavering commitment to a cause greater than oneself. In Poulami and Aditi Jagtap, we see the beautiful continuum of a father's dream and the limitless potential of compassion-driven healthcare.
At Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, Full Service includes individualized care for every client. We specifically design each massage session for the individual needs of the client. Our therapists are always willing to adjust the treatments based on the client's instruction and feedback. This guarantees that every client receives the treatment they expect.
By offering a variety of massage services, our Ajman Spa Massage Center can tackle physical, mental, and emotional illnesses. In addition, efficient identification of specific health conditions and designing treatment plans accordingly can significantly enhance the quality of massaging.
At Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, we firmly believe that everyone should have the option to experience top-quality massage services regularly. To achieve that goal we offer cheap massage services in Ajman.
If you are interested in experiencing transformative massage treatment at Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, you can use our Ajman Massage Center WhatsApp Number to schedule your next massage session.
Contact @ +971 529818279
Visit @ https://malayalikeralaspaajman.com/
Ensure the highest quality care for your patients with Cardiac Registry Support's cancer registry services. We support accreditation efforts and quality improvement initiatives, allowing you to benchmark performance and demonstrate adherence to best practices. Confidence starts with data. Partner with Cardiac Registry Support. For more details visit https://cardiacregistrysupport.com/cancer-registry-services/
Digital Health in India_Health Informatics Trained Manpower _DrDevTaneja_15.0...DrDevTaneja1
Digital India will need a big trained army of Health Informatics educated & trained manpower in India.
Presently, generalist IT manpower does most of the work in the healthcare industry in India. Academic Health Informatics education is not readily available at school & health university level or IT education institutions in India.
We look into the evolution of health informatics and its applications in the healthcare industry.
HIMMS TIGER resources are available to assist Health Informatics education.
Indian Health universities, IT Education institutions, and the healthcare industry must proactively collaborate to start health informatics courses on a big scale. An advocacy push from various stakeholders is also needed for this goal.
Health informatics has huge employment potential and provides a big business opportunity for the healthcare industry. A big pool of trained health informatics manpower can lead to product & service innovations on a global scale in India.
2. Introduction
• Bronchitis is an obstructive pulmonary disease , characterized by chronic
cough and excessive production of mucus and is present for most days of
at least 3 months of the year for 2 or more consecutive years.1 Varying
degrees of fixed obstruction of airway are reported in many patients with
chronic bronchitis.2
3. • Chronic airway irritation
Impaired mucocilliary clearance
Increase airway resistance & produce limitation of
expiratory flow.
In exacerbation, aggrevation of V/Q mismatch &
↑work of breathing
In severe case, it can lead to ventilatory failure , cor
pulmonale or both.
4.
5. Clinical manifestations
• Insidious onset of smoker’s cough and progress to chronic productive
cough.
• Mucoid brownish colored sputum.
• Exertional dyspnea, respiratory distress.
• Cold, foggy weather increases respiratory symptoms.
• Prolonged expiratory time.
• ↑RR, and use of accessory muscles.
• Blue bloaters
• Edema in extremities and distention of neck vein.
6. • Wheezing or crackles on auscultation.
• Intercostal retraction.
• PFT: ↓VC, FEV1, MVV, diffusing capacity and ↑FRC, RV
• In advace case, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, respiratory acidosis.
• Polycythemia
• ↑ pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy.
7. Causes
1. Smokers
2. People who are exposed to smoke
3. People with weakened immune systems
4. The elderly and infants
5. People who are exposed to air pollution
8. Diagnostics evaluation
• History collection
• Physical examination
• Chest x- rays
• Sputum cultures
• Pulmonary function test
• Bronchoscopy
9. Principles of management
• Hospitalization required during exacerbation and treated with IV fluids,
antibiotics, bronchodialators and low flow oxygen. Diuretics and digitalis
are often given to treat RHF. Physiotherapeutic treatment are based on
symptoms of patients and severity of condition.
10. Treatment
• Antibiotics - These are effective for bacterial infections, but not
for viral infections. They may also prevent secondary infections.
• Bronchodilators - these open the bronchial tubes and clear out
mucus.
• Mucolytics - these thin or loosen mucus in the airways, making it
easier to cough up sputum.
11. • Anti-inflammatory medicines and glucocorticoid steroids - these
are for more persistent symptoms.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation program - this includes work with a
respiratory therapist to help breathing
12. Goal of physiotherapeutic management
• The goal should involve:
Education about the prevention and management of condition.
Reduction of dyspnea.
Removal of secretion.
Improve exercise tolerance
Increase thoracic mobility and lung volume.
13. Physiotherapeutic treatment
Airway clearance techniques are coordinated with breathing control and
cough maneuvers.
During recovery , exercise with supplemental oxygen.
Patients with chronic bronchitis can be treated with Comprehensive
pulmonary rehabilitation program.
17. 1. Watchie J. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy – a clinical manual. 2nd ed. 2010.
77–78 p.
2. A. Bellone et al., “Chest Physical Therapy in Patients With Acute Exacerbation of Chronic
Bronchitis : Effectiveness of Three Methods,” Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2000. 81, May, 558–560,
3. Frownfelter D et al, Principles and practice of cardiopulmonary physical therapy , 3rd edition,
1996, pp-476-477
References