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![• Progesterone — influences the growth in size
of alveoli and lobes. Progesterone and
estrogen levels drop after birth. This triggers
the onset of copious milk production.[9]
• Estrogen — stimulates the milk duct system to
grow and become specific. Estrogen levels
drop at delivery and remain low for the first
several months of breastfeeding.[9] It is
recommended that breastfeeding mothers
avoid estrogen-based birth control methods, as
a spike in estrogen levels may reduce a
mother's milk supply.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/breastfeedinglecturedr-190415181843/85/Breastfeeding-lecture-dr-hussein-abass-2007-32-320.jpg)
Uploaded byHosin Abass
Breastfeeding lecture dr. hussein abass 2007
Breastfeeding provides numerous benefits for both infant and mother. It gives infants key nutrients for healthy development while protecting them from disease. For mothers, breastfeeding lowers the risk of various cancers and diseases. World Breastfeeding Week in August aims to promote breastfeeding awareness. The document discusses breastfeeding recommendations, the process of lactation, benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, breastfeeding positions, and some contraindications.
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Breastfeeding lecture dr. hussein abass 2007
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- 5. • World BreastfeedingWeek World Breastfeeding Week was first celebrated in 1992 and is now observed in over 120 countries by UNICEF and its partners, including the World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action and the World Health Organization.
- 6. Motherhooh Diego Rivera "Virgin ofthe Green Cushion" Solario Breastfeeding Through Time
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- 11. • Breastfeeding isthe feeding of an infant or young child with milk from a woman's breasts. • Babies have a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk.
- 12. Economic Benefits 1 MilkBox = 450 gm = 100 Cup (1 cup= 4.5 gm) * Baby needs / month= 10 Box * Baby needs / year =10×12=120 Box * Baby needs /2 years =120×2=240 Box * Costs /2 years= 240× 25 pounds=6000 pounds * 100% of babies taken bottle feeding * 2600000× 6000 = 15,600000000 * 50% of babies taken bottle feeding * 1300000×6000= 7,800000000
- 13. Breast = Mammae= developed from the infant's cry "mamma" in seeking the breast
- 14. • The production,secretion and ejection of milk is called LACTATION
- 17. Parts of theBreast 6/1 AdaptedfromBreastfeedingCounselling:atrainingcourse, WHO/CHD/93.4,UNICEF/NUT/93.2
- 20. Size and Shape Thereare many different shapes and sizes of breast and nipple. Babies can breastfeed from almost all of them. 12/1 BreastfeedingCounselling:atrainingcourse, WHO/CHD/93.4,UNICEF/NUT/93.2
- 21. • American Academyof Pediatrics, • “Extensive research, especially in recent years, documents diverse and compelling advantages to infants, mothers, families, and society from breastfeeding and the use of human milk for infant feeding. These include health, nutritional, immunologic, developmental, psychological, social, economic, and environmental benefits.”
- 22. Breastfeeding has beenimportant since the beginning of mankind. In approximately 1800 BC Hammurabi's Code regulated the behavior and the health of wet nurses (a wet nurse is someone who nurses another's baby regularly). In Sparta, Greece, Spartan women were required to nurse their eldest son. This was the child who was expected to inherit the family name. At other times during history breastfeeding has been seen as something that only lower class or poor people did. In France in the early 1800's, most upper class women hired wet nurses for their infants ( Lawrence, 2005
- 23. • WHO/UNICEF FeedingRecommendations • Exclusive breastfeeding for first six months • Continued breastfeeding for two years or more • Safe, appropriate and adequate complementary foods beginning at 6 months • Frequency of complementary feeding: 2 times per day for 6-8 month olds; 3 times per day for 9-11 month olds.
- 24. • Exclusive Breastfeeding •Giving an infant only breast milk, with the • exception of drops or syrups consisting • of vitamins, mineral supplements, or • drugs • No food or drink other than breast milk— • not even water-
- 25. • UNICEF estimatesthat exclusive breastfeeding to the age of six months could prevent the deaths of 1.3 million children under the age of five each year.
- 26. The State ofWorld’s Initiation of breastfeeding Mapping Information 1.Blank /No colour: Data not reported/available 2.Red: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour rate Below 29% 3.Yellow: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour rate 30-49% 4.Blue: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour rate 50-89% 5.Green: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour rate 90% or more
- 31. • From thethird month of pregnancy (the second and third trimesters), a woman's body produces hormones that stimulate the growth of the milk duct system in the breasts
- 32. • Progesterone —influences the growth in size of alveoli and lobes. Progesterone and estrogen levels drop after birth. This triggers the onset of copious milk production.[9] • Estrogen — stimulates the milk duct system to grow and become specific. Estrogen levels drop at delivery and remain low for the first several months of breastfeeding.[9] It is recommended that breastfeeding mothers avoid estrogen-based birth control methods, as a spike in estrogen levels may reduce a mother's milk supply.
- 34. • Follicle stimulatinghormone (FSH) • Luteinizing hormone (LH) • Prolactin — contributes to the increased growth of the alveoli during pregnancy. • Oxytocin — contracts the smooth muscle of the uterus during and after birth, and during orgasm. After birth, oxytocin contracts the smooth muscle layer of band-like cells surrounding the alveoli to squeeze the newly- produced milk into the duct system. Oxytocin is necessary for the milk ejection reflex, or let- down to occur.
- 35. • Human placentallactogen (HPL) — From the second month of pregnancy, the placenta releases large amounts of HPL. This hormone appears to be instrumental in breast, nipple, and areola growth before birth. • By the fifth or sixth month of pregnancy, the breasts are ready to produce milk. It is also possible to induce lactation.
- 36. • Colostrum isthe first milk a breastfed baby receives. It contains higher amounts of white blood cells and antibodies than mature milk, and is especially high in immunoglobulin A (IgA), which coats the lining of the baby's immature intestines, and helps to prevent germs from invading the baby's system. Secretory IgA also helps prevent food allergies. Over the first two weeks after the birth, colostrum production slowly gives way to mature breast milk.
- 37. • • The volumeof Clostrum is approximately 100 cc's in a 24-hour period.
- 39. Amount of milk Clostrum= 50-100 cc/day -- 7-14ml/ feed 5th day---500cc/day 8 month---800cc/day Average 550-1100 cc/day
- 45. Breastfeeding is associatedwith lower risk of the following diseases: Allergies Asthma Autoimmune thyroid diseases Bacterial meningitis Breast cancer Celiac disease Crohn's disease Diabetes Diarrhea Eczema Gastroenteritis Hodgkin's lymphoma Necrotizing enterocolitis Multiple sclerosis Obesity Otitis media Respiratory infection, wheezing Rheumatoid arthritis Urinary tract infection
- 46. • Benefits forthe mother • -decreases maternal bleeding • -lactational amenorrhoea • -Less risk of breast cancer & ovarian cancer • decreased insulin requirements in diabetic mothers • less risk of endometrial cancer • Less risk of Osteoporosis • beneficial effects on insulin levels of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome(POS) • Mothers who breastfeed longer than eight months have better bone re-mineralisation • Decrease wt of the mother bec. Lactation needs400-500 calories/day
- 47. • Afterpains • Thesurge of oxytocin that triggers the milk ejection reflex also causes the uterus to contract. During breastfeeding, mothers may feel these contractions as afterpains. These may range from period-like cramps to strong labour-like contractions and can be more severe with second and subsequent babies
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- 58. Skin to SkinContact and Early Breastfeeding 5/2 UNICEF/HQ92-0369/RogerLemoyne,Thailand
- 59. What can yousee? Good attachment Poor attachment 6/3 BreastfeedingCounselling:atrainingcourse, WHO/CHD/93.4,UNICEF/NUT/93.2
- 61. Syringe method forinverted nipples 12/7 BreastfeedingCounselling:atrainingcourse, WHO/CHD/93.4,UNICEF/NUT/93.2
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- 66. • Contraindications tobreastfeeding • An HIV +ve mother in developed countries • Amiodarone • Antimetabolites • Antithyroid drugs • Opiates. • Radioactive compounds • Lithium • Diazepam • Chloramphenicol • Tetracycline
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Editor's Notes
- #27 The report card is the result of IBFAN Asia effort to develop and disseminate State of World Breastfeeding report cards.