This document presents a group project on the topic of brain drain. It begins with defining brain drain as the emigration of skilled individuals for better opportunities elsewhere. It then discusses the push factors that drive people away from their home countries, like lack of employment and low wages, and the pull factors that attract them to other countries, like higher salaries and better career prospects. The rest of the document outlines the contents of the presentation, which will cover the origin of the term brain drain, types of brain drain, reasons for and consequences of brain drain in India, solutions to curb brain drain, and advantages of brain drain.

1. WELCOME
GROUP-D
PGDBIM 2014-15

2. PPT ON
“BRAIN DRAIN”
Presented By:-
Bidhu Bhusan Mohapatra
Chinmoyee Dash
Diptimaye Mohapatra
Hemant Sahoo
Sitesh Mohanty
Tanushriya Behera

3. INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS BRAIN DRAIN???
 Brain drain is the emigration of intelligent, well-educated
individuals to somewhere for better pay or
conditions, causing the place they came from to
lose those skilled people, or "brains.“
Or Simply
"a drain on resources and drain of young talent by
emigration“
 Depletion or loss of intellectual and technical
personnel resulting in gradual depletion of energy
or resources.
 China and India have recently been discovered to
be at the top of the list of countries facing brain
drain.

4. PUSH FACTOR V/S PULL FACTOR
 Under Employment
 Economic
Underdevelopment
 Low Wage/Salary
 Political Instability
 Lack of Research
 Better Career
Expectations
 Poor Working Facility
Better Chances Of
Employment
Better Economic Prospectus
Higher Salary N Income
Relatively Political Stability
Better Research Facility
Better Level Of Living & Way
Of Life
Better Opportunities

5. CONTENTS
 Origin
 Types
 Brain Drain: Bane for India
 Reasons of Brain Drain
 Consequences of Brain Drain
 Solutions to curve Brain Drain
 Preventive measure
 Advantages of Brain Drain
 Conclusion

6. ORIGIN
 The term “BRAIN DRAIN" was coined by the Royal
society to describe the emigration of “scientists and
technologists" to North America from post-war
Europe.
 Another source indicates that this term was first
used in the United Kingdom to describe the influx of
Indian scientists and engineers.

7. TYPES
 Organizational:- The flight of talented, creative,
and highly trained employees from large
corporations such as Yahoo, HubSpot and
Microsoft. This occurs when employees perceive
the direction and leadership of the company and
are unable to keep up with their personal and
professional ambitions.
 Geographical:- The flight of highly trained
individuals and college graduates from their area of
residence, for instance, those migrating from the
mid-western United States to the coastal states and
large metropolises.
 Industrial: - The movement of traditionally skilled
workers from one sector of an industry to another

8. BRAIN DRAIN: BANE FOR INDIA

10. REASONS OF BRAIN DRAIN
 Lack Of Employment And Low Salary:- Due to
lack of employment and low salary people migrate
as they are tempted to look for better salaries
elsewhere.
 Political Instability:- Due to political instability in
home countries, people loose confidence on their
governments and future prospects for a better
life.Migration also takes place in response to wars,
political and social turmoil.
 Scholars Expectations Not Met:- Many scholars
who go abroad for further studies remain there
leaving their family and workplace behind with the
hope that a better life can be achieved elsewhere,
despite their well being at home. Expectations are

11. CONSEQUENCES OF BRAIN DRAIN
 Loss Of Human Capital:- The flaws of Brain Drain
are inherent in its title, it involves the loss of human
capital, i.e. a skilled labour force which is vital to the
development of society and the country.
 Provides Personal Benefits:- “Essentially provids
personal benefits for individuals rather than public
benefits”-The brain drain benefits individuals more
than society.
 Uneven Distribution Of Knowledge:- Brain Drain
results in uneven distribution of knowledge across
space, resulting in a fall in economic development
for the country.

12.  Loses potential entrepreneurs:- Entrepreneurs
plays an important role in helping a country develop.
The economy of a country that has a large number of
world-class entrepreneurs can be more innovative
than those of others.
 Lack Of Health Care Workers:- Health workers from
the developing countries leave and immigrate to the
developed world. As a result countries lack sufficient
health care workers, which harms the local health
system and there is not sufficient manpower to do the
work required, which further damages the health
system rather than strengthening it.

13. SOLUTIONS TO CURVE THE BRAIN
DRAIN:
 Good Governance At The National And
International Level:- Transparency in leadership
is essential and should be maintained. It is about
maintaining reasonable security for peoples' lives
and property which is essential for economic
progress, Thus withholding political and economical
emigrants.
 High Wages:- Offering higher wages for `insiders`
according to their qualifications is essential,
instead of over estimating and hiring expatrates,
which are more costly.

14.  Quality Of Education:- Education plays a
powerful role especially in the growing problems of
international migration. Therefore, offering
individuals the necessary education qualifications in
their countries and expanding a better educational
infrastructure may definitely prevent emigrants who
are seeking a higher education abroad.
 Taxing Emigrants:- The last alternative measure
could be, taxing emigrants who are trained in home
countries. This is a sensitive issue and may infringe
on the basic human right and freedom to chose the
nature and location of individuals where to live and
where to work, but can be used to tackle Brain
Drain.

15. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
 Different areas and nations have distinct policies to
retain skilled workers due to the different national or
regional situation.--in African countries, the health
systems have been severely affected by brain drain, so
various measures have been suggested and tried to
limit the migration of health workers to rich countries.
 China tries to create a normal and free atmosphere
and mechanism that would help talents flourish
 And in India, although suffering severe brain drain
every year, the Indian government has not adopted
strict policies because they believe that the overseas
talent will eventually contribute to the nation in the
future.

16. ADVANTAGES OF THE BRAIN DRAIN
 Sending Remittances:- sending back of
remittances increases economic development in
the country and its standard of living.
 Circular Migration:- The economy of the origin
country may not be able to take advantage of the
skilled labourers, so it is more beneficial for the
workers to migrate and send back remittances.
Second, when the migrant workers return home as
part of the circular pattern, they may bring with
them new skills and knowledge.

17.  Increase Living Standards:- It increase living
standards in society
“skilled migrants typically earn more therefore
remit more thus fostering growth”.
The remittance economy is a significant part of the
brain drain as well an integral source of income for
developed economies: “2011 remittances were
estimated at $372bn”, and for countries such as
Mexico and the Philippines were worth “$24 and
$34 billion” respectively.

18. CONCLUSION
In India best crammers are rewarded
But in west who learn how to apply
Skill is awarded…
Raghu Kumar
Co-founder of RKSV
“Give a man a fish and you will feed him for a day. Teach a
man to fish and you feed him for life”

19. CONCLUSION
Brain Drain is a very big problem. Our India should be
developed country instead of being a developing one.
There is no doubt we Indians are more talented than
others but due to lack facilities Indians are not able to
show there talents.
According to former Google Ceo Eric Schmidt :
“India’s entrepreneurs have the ability to
built