This document proposes a blockchain-based framework to help combat COVID-19. It would use existing security cameras and computer vision to detect people without masks or not social distancing. confirmed COVID-19 cases' recent interactions and locations would be tracked. This data would be sent to a blockchain network to map infected people and places. A mobile app would allow users to self-estimate infection probability and detect unknown infected cases within social clusters. The system aims to automatically detect infected cases and alert authorities and potential exposures to help slow the virus's spread.

1. Presented
By
Dr. Mohamed Torky
Assistant Professor of Computer Science
Culture & Science City Academy.
Senior Member in Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE)

2. 1
• Introduction
2
• The Problem Statement
3
• The Proposed Blockchain Frame work
4
• Implementation
5
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
Artificial Intelligence: the smart aide against COVID-19
3D Printing: for Printing important Medical tools
Smartphone Tracking: for contact tracing
Virtual Reality Is already Changing Healthcare

4. Introduction
1) Face Mask Detection using AI
Uses existing IP cameras and Closed-
Circuts Television (CCTV) cameras
combined with Computer Vision to detect
people without masks.
• Facial recognition to identify individuals
without mask.
• Real-time monitoring and alerts
• Work on the existing CCTV and IP cameras

5. Introduction
2) Contactless Attendance System
Uses computer vision and facial recognition
to recognize faces and mark attendance by
looking at face bio-metrics. It can work with
Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)-
enabled CCTV or IP cameras.
• Computer Vision
• Real-time attendance tracking
• Attendance reports generation

6. Introduction
3) Telemedicine Solution for
Healthcare Institutes
Doctors, patients and pharmacists can use the
telemedicine application for connecting with patients
remotely. Patients can consult doctors via online
video. So, it can reduces the spread of the virus to
mass populations. Doctors can order the prescription
on behalf of the patient to avoid the mishandling of
the prescription.
• Doctor calendar scheduling
• Consultation using Video calling
• Prescription handling

7. Introduction
4) Social Distancing Alert System Using
Artificial Intelligence
Uses existing IP cameras and CCTV cameras
combined with Computer Vision to detect if people
are at a specific distance and adhere to social
distancing or not.
• Real-time tracking and alerts.
• Measuring distance between two or more
people.
• Voice alarms.

8. Introduction
5) Hotspot Zone Detection using
Computer Vision
Using existing IP or CCTV cameras, Hotspot Zone
Detection can identify if people are touching unknown
physical objects frequently in a specific area. If the
number of touches exceeds the limit, the area is
identified as a hotspot zone.
• Using existing IP/CCTV cameras.
• Colored pattern analytics for identification of
hotspot zones.
• Real-time alerts and notifications.

9. Introduction
6) Human Presence Detection System
Human Presence System is designed to monitor
patients remotely. It uses IP cameras and AI to track
patients and report any missing people. The system is
helpful in contact tracing and identifying the infected
person movement.
• Remote monitoring.
• Missing People Report.
• Quarantined People location tracking.

10. The Problem Statement
1
• Introduction
2
• The Problem Statement
3
• The Proposed Blockchain Frame work
4
• Implementation
5
• Conclusion

11. The Problem Statement
 The greatest challenge that most governments are
currently suffering from is the lack of a precise
and automated mechanism for automatically
detecting the infected cases of COVID-19 and
provides alerts about the infected persons .

12. Similar Systems
Singapore Trace Together
Google/Apple Contact Tracing
• Notifies you quickly if you’ve been
exposed to COVID-19 through close
contact with other Trace Together users.
• The app allows the Ministry of Health
(MOH) to give you timely care and
guidance, protecting you and those
around you • Use “exposure notification” tool and
Bluetooth radios within smartphones to
notify public when they may have come
in contact with infected person .
• But this app didn’t work properly
because of restrictions the companies
place on smartphones and poor
communications between the phones
running Google and Apple.

13. Similar Systems
UK NHS Contact Tracing
• Ensures that anyone who develops
symptoms of (COVID-19) can
quickly be tested to find out if they
have the virus.
• The app helps trace close recent
contacts of anyone who tests
positive for coronavirus and, if
necessary, notifies them that they
must self-isolate at home to help
stop the spread of the virus
China Health Code System
• dictates whether citizens should be
quarantined or allowed into
subways, malls and other public
spaces based on relational cross-
match by scanning the QR code

14. Similar Systems (Limitations)
 There are some important limitations of
Bluetooth technology used in the recent
Covid-19 Apps:
 Mobile phones can lose connection in certain conditions.
 Bluetooth has low bandwidth as compared to Wi-Fi.
 Bluetooth allows only short range communication
between devices.
 Security is a very key challenge, where Bluetooth
connections can be hacked.
 QR code may become distorted, which can lead to
improper reading by a device. Also , improper designs
and formatting can make QR codes un-scanble

15. The Proposed Blockchain Framework

16. The Proposed Blockchain Framework
1
• Introduction
2
• The Problem Statement
3
• The Proposed Blockchain Frame work
4
• Implementation
5
• Conclusion

17. Preliminary
 Represent the confirmed cases
using regular expression in the
form of the infection patterns
 This pattern can generates many
infection instances which
digitally represent the infected
persons and infected buildings

18. The Blockchain Platform
𝑩𝑯𝑪 = 𝑯𝒂𝒔𝒉(𝑴𝑹 + 𝑷 + 𝑰𝑺 𝑪𝒐𝒅𝒆) (1)
Where BHC is the block hash code, MR
is the Markle rote value (i.e. unique
fingerprint for all inserted data in the
block in the form Markle root code ), P
is the previous block’s hash code, and
IS Code is a random value represents
random value of an infection code
𝑰𝑺 𝑪𝒐𝒅𝒆 = 𝑯𝒂𝒔𝒉−𝟏
(𝑴𝑹 + 𝑷 + 𝑩𝑯𝑪) (2)

19. Mass Surveillance System
1) Detection and Tracking Function: using
this function, Mass-Surveillance System can
track last behaviors of the confirmed COVID-19
cases for detecting the set of close contact
persons who interacted with, and the set of
places which COVID-19-patients has been
accessed during the last few days.
2) Blockchain Feedback Function: Mass-
Surveillance System calls this function to
send the detected the set of probable infected
persons as well as the set of infected places
to blockchain which map the set of infected
persons and places with the corresponding
confirmed COVID-19 cases.

20. The Infection Verifier system
 Verifying the infection instances (i.e. Contact persons)
to confirm the infection transferee from a confirmed
COVID-19 case to a contact person can be
implemented by a Finite Automaton Model.

21. The P2P Mobile Application
1) Self-estimation of COVID-19
infection probability
𝑷 𝑿 =
𝑵!
𝑿!× 𝑵−𝑿 !
× 𝑷 𝑿
× 𝑸 𝑵−𝑿
(3)
Where, 𝑷 𝑿 is the infection probability
function, 𝑵 is the total number of infection
codes in the inbox of each user . 𝑿 is the
number of infection occurs , such that 𝑋
= 0,1,2,3, … … 𝑁 , 𝑷 𝑿
is the probability of
succeeded infection occurrences , and 𝑸 𝑵−𝑿
is
the probability of un-succeeded infection
occurrences.

22. The P2P Mobile Application
2) Detection of unknown infected cases
within a Cluster of people

23. Implementation
1
• Introduction
2
• The Problem Statement
3
• The Proposed Blockchain Frame work
4
• Implementation
5
• Conclusion

24. Implementation
Software Tools :
Ethereum for Developing Blockchain system
in our proposed framework
Java and firebase Real time Database for
Developing the P2P Mobile App, and store and
sync data between different users in the real-
time.
Paython and MonogoDB for data
simulation and GPS data analytics

25. Implementation

26. Implementation

27. Conclusion
1
• Introduction
2
• The Problem Statement
3
• The Proposed Blockchain Frame work
4
• Implementation
5
• Conclusion

28. Conclusion
 This study introduced the first blockchain-based framework which
can be used for helping persons, health authorities, and governments
for fighting COVID-19 coronavirus in an innovative way.
 This study set out with the aim of developing a novel blockchain
framework for implementing an integrated system able to tracking and
detecting the unknown infected cases of COVID-19 coronavirus.
 Estimating COVID-19 infection probability rates for persons, and
detecting the unknown infected cases within various clusters of
people.

29. Dr. Mohamed Torky
Culture & Science City Academy
Email:mtorky86@gmail.com
Prof.Dr. Aboul Ella Hassanein
Cairo University
Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE)