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The Birds & The 
Bees
FACT 
In 2007, 48% of all high school 
students reported having 
sexual intercourse—46% of 
girls and 50% of boys. 
The National Campaign to 
Prevent Teen and Unplanned 
Pregnancy - June 2008 
www.thenationalcampaign.org
Birth 
Control 
• Abstinence 
• Natural Family Planning 
• Barrier Methods 
• Hormonal Methods
FACT 
Condoms are not fool-proof. They do 
fail, but they can help decrease 
your risks. Condoms must be used 
exactly as directed on the package. 
If you do not use condoms as 
directed, their failure rate 
dramatically increases.
Birth 
Control 
Hormonal Methods 
– Manufactured forms of hormones. 
• Pill 
• Patch 
• Ring 
• Shot 
• Implant
MYTH 
S • I won’t get pregnant if I am 
on the pill. 
• I won’t get an STD on the pill. 
• I had unprotected sex only 
once, I’m good. 
• Using more than one 
condom is more effective.
MYTH 
S • I have already had an STD I 
cannot get it again. 
• Most people with an STD 
experience painful 
symptoms. 
• I thought I had an STD but 
the symptoms went away, I 
am good.
FACT 
The rate of STDs is high among young 
people in the United States. Young 
people ages 15-24 contract almost half 
of the nation’s 19 million new STDs 
every year. The CDC estimates that 
one in four young women ages 15-19 
has an STD. 
CDC. STD Surveillance Report, 2006. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for 
Disease Control and Prevention; 2008.
How do they spread? 
Most STDs are only spread through 
direct sexual contact with an infected 
person. However, pubic lice and 
scabies can be spread through close 
personal contact with an infected 
person, or with infested clothes, 
sheets, or towels.
STDs During 
Pregnancy 
Yes, you can get an STD while you’re 
pregnant if you have sex with someone 
who has an STD. 
Being pregnant does not protect you or 
your baby from STDs. 
You may also get pregnant while you have 
an STD.
FACT 
STDs, such as chlamydia, 
gonorrhea, syphilis, 
trichomoniasis and BV can all be 
treated and cured with antibiotics 
that are safe to take during 
pregnancy.
S T D s 
Gonorrhea 
– One of most common in the US 
– Bacterial STD 
– Left untreated, it can cause 
• Heart disease 
• Infertility 
• Eye infections = blindness 
– Miscarriage & stillbirth and low birthrate. 
– Can pass to the baby during the birth 
process. 
– All babies are treated w/ eye drops just 
after birth because it is so common.
S T D s
S T D s 
Syphilis 
– Bacterial STD 
– Causes sores called a chancre. 
• Sores will heal, but the bacteria are still there. 
– Serious damage to an unborn child. 
– Will pass through the placenta to the fetus during 
pregnancy. 
– Miscarriage & stillbirth and death shortly after 
birth. 
– Babies who survive develop congenital syphilis. 
• Physical disabilities.
S T D s
S T D s 
Chlamydia 
– Most wide-spread and common STD in 
US. 
– Major cause of urinary tract infections. 
– Pregnant women can experience 
• Vaginal discharge 
• Bleeding after sex 
• Itching/burning urination 
– Can pass to baby during delivery. 
– Infected newborns develop 
• Eye, ear and lung infections 
• Can lead to death of a new born.
S T D s
S T D s 
Genital Herpes 
– NO CURE 
– Symptoms come & go 
• Blisters & sores around the genitals. 
• Headaches 
• Aching muscles, swollen glands. 
– Miscarriage & stillbirth in pregnant 
women. 
– Infects baby during pregnancy & while 
passing through the birth canal. 
– Newborns can contract a number of 
congenital disabilities.
S T D s
S T D s 
HIV/AIDS 
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency 
Syndrome) 
– Biggest health risk of our lifetime. 
– No vaccine to prevent or cure. 
– Breaks down the immune system, 
which fights illness and protects the 
body. 
– Passed from mom to child during 
pregnancy, delivery & breast-feeding.
Disease CDC Recommendation 
Chlamydia Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal 
visit; 3rd trimester rescreen if younger than 
25 years of age and/or high risk group 
Gonorrhea Screen all pregnant women at risk at first 
prenatal visit; 3rd trimester rescreen 
women at continued high risk 
Risk factors include: young women aged 
25 years or younger, living in a high 
morbidity area, previous GC infection, 
other STDs, new or multiple sex partners, 
inconsistent condom use, commercial sex 
work, drug use 
Syphilis Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal 
visit; during 3rd trimester rescreen women 
who are at high risk for syphilis or who live 
in areas with high numbers of syphilis 
cases, and/or those who were not 
previously tested or had a positive test in 
the first trimester 
HIV Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal 
visit; rescreening in the third trimester 
recommended for women at high risk for 
getting HIV infection
AVOIDING S T D s 
• The surest way to avoid getting an STD is 
not to have sex, or to have sex only with 
someone who’s not infected and who has 
sex only with you. ABSTINENCE 
• Condoms can reduce your risk of getting 
some STDs if they are used the right way 
every single time you have sex. 
• Washing the genitals, urinating, or 
douching after sex will not prevent any 
STD.
FACT 
You can get the same STD again if you 
have sex, especially without a condom. 
You can also have more than one STD 
at a time. Also, some STDs are not 
curable, so you can still have the STD 
even if you have gotten treatment.
Resources 
Center for Young Women's Health, Children's Hospital Boston. 2009.. 
CDC. STD Surveillance Report, 2006. Atlanta: US Department of Health 
and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008. 
Wasserheit, 1992 – www.cdc.gov/std 
Parents and Their Children, Ryder/Decker. 2004. 
The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned 
Pregnancy – June 2008 – www.thenationalcampaign.org 
Darroch JE et al, Changing emphases in sexuality education in U.S. public secondary schools, 1988–1999, Family Planning 
Perspectives, 2000, 32(5):204–211 & 265.

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Birds & the Bees

  • 1. The Birds & The Bees
  • 2. FACT In 2007, 48% of all high school students reported having sexual intercourse—46% of girls and 50% of boys. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy - June 2008 www.thenationalcampaign.org
  • 3. Birth Control • Abstinence • Natural Family Planning • Barrier Methods • Hormonal Methods
  • 4. FACT Condoms are not fool-proof. They do fail, but they can help decrease your risks. Condoms must be used exactly as directed on the package. If you do not use condoms as directed, their failure rate dramatically increases.
  • 5. Birth Control Hormonal Methods – Manufactured forms of hormones. • Pill • Patch • Ring • Shot • Implant
  • 6. MYTH S • I won’t get pregnant if I am on the pill. • I won’t get an STD on the pill. • I had unprotected sex only once, I’m good. • Using more than one condom is more effective.
  • 7. MYTH S • I have already had an STD I cannot get it again. • Most people with an STD experience painful symptoms. • I thought I had an STD but the symptoms went away, I am good.
  • 8. FACT The rate of STDs is high among young people in the United States. Young people ages 15-24 contract almost half of the nation’s 19 million new STDs every year. The CDC estimates that one in four young women ages 15-19 has an STD. CDC. STD Surveillance Report, 2006. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008.
  • 9. How do they spread? Most STDs are only spread through direct sexual contact with an infected person. However, pubic lice and scabies can be spread through close personal contact with an infected person, or with infested clothes, sheets, or towels.
  • 10. STDs During Pregnancy Yes, you can get an STD while you’re pregnant if you have sex with someone who has an STD. Being pregnant does not protect you or your baby from STDs. You may also get pregnant while you have an STD.
  • 11. FACT STDs, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis and BV can all be treated and cured with antibiotics that are safe to take during pregnancy.
  • 12. S T D s Gonorrhea – One of most common in the US – Bacterial STD – Left untreated, it can cause • Heart disease • Infertility • Eye infections = blindness – Miscarriage & stillbirth and low birthrate. – Can pass to the baby during the birth process. – All babies are treated w/ eye drops just after birth because it is so common.
  • 13. S T D s
  • 14. S T D s Syphilis – Bacterial STD – Causes sores called a chancre. • Sores will heal, but the bacteria are still there. – Serious damage to an unborn child. – Will pass through the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy. – Miscarriage & stillbirth and death shortly after birth. – Babies who survive develop congenital syphilis. • Physical disabilities.
  • 15. S T D s
  • 16. S T D s Chlamydia – Most wide-spread and common STD in US. – Major cause of urinary tract infections. – Pregnant women can experience • Vaginal discharge • Bleeding after sex • Itching/burning urination – Can pass to baby during delivery. – Infected newborns develop • Eye, ear and lung infections • Can lead to death of a new born.
  • 17. S T D s
  • 18. S T D s Genital Herpes – NO CURE – Symptoms come & go • Blisters & sores around the genitals. • Headaches • Aching muscles, swollen glands. – Miscarriage & stillbirth in pregnant women. – Infects baby during pregnancy & while passing through the birth canal. – Newborns can contract a number of congenital disabilities.
  • 19. S T D s
  • 20. S T D s HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) – Biggest health risk of our lifetime. – No vaccine to prevent or cure. – Breaks down the immune system, which fights illness and protects the body. – Passed from mom to child during pregnancy, delivery & breast-feeding.
  • 21. Disease CDC Recommendation Chlamydia Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal visit; 3rd trimester rescreen if younger than 25 years of age and/or high risk group Gonorrhea Screen all pregnant women at risk at first prenatal visit; 3rd trimester rescreen women at continued high risk Risk factors include: young women aged 25 years or younger, living in a high morbidity area, previous GC infection, other STDs, new or multiple sex partners, inconsistent condom use, commercial sex work, drug use Syphilis Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal visit; during 3rd trimester rescreen women who are at high risk for syphilis or who live in areas with high numbers of syphilis cases, and/or those who were not previously tested or had a positive test in the first trimester HIV Screen all pregnant women at first prenatal visit; rescreening in the third trimester recommended for women at high risk for getting HIV infection
  • 22. AVOIDING S T D s • The surest way to avoid getting an STD is not to have sex, or to have sex only with someone who’s not infected and who has sex only with you. ABSTINENCE • Condoms can reduce your risk of getting some STDs if they are used the right way every single time you have sex. • Washing the genitals, urinating, or douching after sex will not prevent any STD.
  • 23. FACT You can get the same STD again if you have sex, especially without a condom. You can also have more than one STD at a time. Also, some STDs are not curable, so you can still have the STD even if you have gotten treatment.
  • 24. Resources Center for Young Women's Health, Children's Hospital Boston. 2009.. CDC. STD Surveillance Report, 2006. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008. Wasserheit, 1992 – www.cdc.gov/std Parents and Their Children, Ryder/Decker. 2004. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy – June 2008 – www.thenationalcampaign.org Darroch JE et al, Changing emphases in sexuality education in U.S. public secondary schools, 1988–1999, Family Planning Perspectives, 2000, 32(5):204–211 & 265.

Editor's Notes

  1. 9th – 12th grade. Interesting almost half of all students. This was 3 years ago.
  2. Explain what lice and scabies are.
  3. While the stated effectiveness is 96-99% in reality this rate is much lower, around 87%. Poor user habits are the reason for the discrepancy.