This document discusses teenage pregnancy, including its definition, incidence, causes, diagnosis, effects, impact, and prevention. It notes that teenage pregnancy occurs most often in developing countries, where risks include malnutrition and poor healthcare. Causes mentioned include lack of education on safe sex, peer pressure, drugs/alcohol, and lack of contraceptive use. Effects on teenage mothers can include higher health risks for themselves and their babies as well as impacts to education and employment. Prevention strategies discussed include health education programs, counseling, and agencies working to lower rates.
Definition and components of reproductive health?
Demographic trends and fertility determinants
Family planning
Impact of reproductive patterns on child health
Impact of reproductive patterns on women health
Mechanisms to reduce morbidity and mortality
Definition and components of reproductive health?
Demographic trends and fertility determinants
Family planning
Impact of reproductive patterns on child health
Impact of reproductive patterns on women health
Mechanisms to reduce morbidity and mortality
Human sexuality is the way people experience & express themselves sexuality. This involves biological, erotic, physical, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. Physical and emotional aspects of sexuality include bonds between individuals that are expressed through profound feelings or physical manifestations of love, trust, and care. Social aspects deal with the effects of human society on one's sexuality, while spirituality concerns an individual's spiritual connection with others. Sexuality also affects and is affected by cultural, political, legal, philosophical, moral, ethical, and religious aspects of life
Fourth stage of labor: The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is reestablished as the uterus contracts again, expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breastfeeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
At the end of the presentation, the participants will be able to:
Appreciate the call for the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy.
Know the causes and effects of Teenage Pregnancy
Apply the available collaborative approaches in the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy
This was a short lecture on teenage pregnancy given during the Phil Pediatric Society Central Visayas chapter Postgraduate Course last November 19, 2015 at the Marriott Hotel, Cebu City.
Human sexuality is the way people experience & express themselves sexuality. This involves biological, erotic, physical, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. Physical and emotional aspects of sexuality include bonds between individuals that are expressed through profound feelings or physical manifestations of love, trust, and care. Social aspects deal with the effects of human society on one's sexuality, while spirituality concerns an individual's spiritual connection with others. Sexuality also affects and is affected by cultural, political, legal, philosophical, moral, ethical, and religious aspects of life
Fourth stage of labor: The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is reestablished as the uterus contracts again, expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breastfeeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
At the end of the presentation, the participants will be able to:
Appreciate the call for the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy.
Know the causes and effects of Teenage Pregnancy
Apply the available collaborative approaches in the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy
This was a short lecture on teenage pregnancy given during the Phil Pediatric Society Central Visayas chapter Postgraduate Course last November 19, 2015 at the Marriott Hotel, Cebu City.
Introduction to Risk Factors for Pregnancy
Other Risk Factors For Pregnancy
1. Adolescent Pregnancy
2. Elderly Primigravida
3. Unwed Mothers
4. Sexual abuse before and during pregnancy
Consequences Of Adolescent Pregnancy
Risk factorsComment 1There are several predisposing fact.docxcarlstromcurtis
Risk factors
Comment 1
There are several predisposing factors to adolescent pregnancy. They include a lack of parental guidance. Adolescent sexual behaviour which is promiscuous in nature. Exploitation by older men who lure young girls with money and other material things. Sexual abuse or rape and socio-economic. Inadequate knowledge about protected sexual intercourse. Peer pressure and teenage drinking which impairs the ability to make wise decisions.
Community resources
Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program
- The design focuses on the promotion of safe sexual and reproductive health practices so that there is reduction of unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections among adolescents through the provision of community outreach, health education and positive youth development
Parenting Teen Program
It focuses on the provision of mothers at risk with the opportunity to get training and guidance on job, parenting and life skills. It also dwells on social, academic and independent living skill development among these mothers.
Pregnancy rates
There has been a steep fall in the teen pregnancy rate. By the year 2011 according to the data that is available, the rate was 62 pregnancies per 1,000 teen girls (age 15-19); some 5,270 teen pregnancies. Therefore the teen pregnancy rate has reduced by 57% since 1988. Since 2008, the teen pregnancy rate has changed by -10%
Commentary on rate
There has been a reduction in the teen pregnancy rate. One of the possible reasons that can be attributed to this reduction is that there is increased utilization of contraception in is Nevada. Research has demonstrated an increase in the contraceptive prevalence rate. This has been achieved through the public health campaigns that raise awareness about teenage pregnancies. There has been provision of free barrier contraceptives to the sexually active demographic.
Comment 2
Adolescent pregnancy is a very risky for both the adolescent and the baby. The body of an adolescent has not fully matured enough to provide and support a growing child, let alone the adolescent as well. The adolescent age is very important and is considered the stage where children learn to explore their sexuality while peer pressure influences their thoughts, behavior, likes and dislikes. The media also influences how adolescents perceive themselves as well as others around them. Girls are more sensitive to social media and lack of parental support, proper education on dangers of drugs, sex and violence can lead to poor health habits that are hard to break as they grow into adults. Based on Center of Disease and Control (CDC) the rate of adolescent pregnancy had decreased by 9% from 2013 to 2014. In California, the rate of adolescent pregnancy ages 15- 19 years of age has decreased to 25.7 % out of every 1,000 females in the past 10 years according to the California Department of Public health. The decrease in adolescent/ teen birth rates is said to be contributed to soci ...
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Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
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VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
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2. Content
1. Introduction
2. Risk factors
3. Incidences
4. Causes
5. Diagnosis
6. Effects of teen pregnancy
7. Impact of teen pregnancy
8. Effects of teenage marriage
9. Prevention
10. Agencies for lowering high
pregnancy rates
11. Conclusion
12. References
3. Teenage pregnancy is pregnancy in human females under
the age of 20 .
Pregnancy can takes place in pubertal females.
Known as adolescence pregnancy.
4. Developed countries
•Often associated with social issues
•Lower educational levels
•Higher rates of poverty
Developing countries
•May combine with malnutrition
•Poor health care
Risk factors
5. Incidence
Save the Children found that, annually, 13 million children
are born to women under age 20 worldwide.
90% in developing countries.
Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading
cause of mortality among women between the ages of 15
and 19.
6. causes
The lack of education on safe sexpeer pressure drugs and alcohol
unprotected intercourse. A sexually active teenager who does not use
contraception has a 90% chance of becoming pregnant within one year.
Potential behaviour patterns for a teenage girl becoming pregnant include:
* early dating behaviour
* high-risk behaviours
* lack of a support group
* Unhealthy environment at home
* stress and depression
* delinquency / criminal behaviour
* exposure to domestic or sexual violence
* and most important, financial constraints
7. • Sexually active teenage girl who experiences
irregular or absent periods or any of the symptoms is
advised to undergo a pregnancy test.
•Pelvic examination by a gynecologists may reveal
bluish or purple coloration of vaginal walls, and
softening of the cervix, and enlargement of the uterus.
•Finally, an ultrasound may be done to confirm the
presence and current status of the pregnancy
diagnosis
9. effects of teen pregnancy
health effects
•Higher risk for anemia,
•Pregnancy-induced hypertension
•Lower genital tract infections
•low birth weight babies
Social effects
•Isolation
•guilt
•Stress
•depression,
•low self esteem resulting in lack of
interest in studies
•limited job prospects and
•Lack of a support group or few
friends to name just a few.
10. IMPACT OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY
ON THE
CHILD
psychosocial development
developmental disabilities
behavioral
Poor academic performance
ON THE
MOTHER
affect one's education
drop out of high school
Employment and social class.
11. EFFECTS OF TEEN AGE MARRIAGE
In the non-pregnant state, there is quite a high possibility
of getting
– sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
– chronic pelvic pain
– cervical cancer
– human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
– Many pregnant teens are subject to nutritional
deficiencies from poor eating habits common in
adolescence, including attempts to lose weight
through dieting, skipping meals, food faddism,
snacking, and consumption of fast food.
12. • HEALTH EDUCATION
• SKILL BASED HEALTH EDUCATION
• LIFE SKILL EDUCATION
• FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION
• COUNSELLING FOR EMOTIONAL STRESS
PREVENTION
13. AGENCIES FOR LOWERING HIGH PREGNANCY
RATES
National Campaign to Prevent Teen and
Unplanned Pregnancy was formed. They are
dedicated to solving the issue of teen
pregnancy.
• Every year since 2002, this campaign
celebrates the National Day to Prevent Teen
Pregnancy on the first Wednesday of May.
14. • This adolescent period is hazardous for adolescent health due
to absence of proper guidance and counselling.
• Family has a crucial role in shaping the adolescents behavior.
• They have to ensure a safe, secure, and supportive
environment for the adolescents.
• Family members in the community to be informed and
educated about this problem.
• A positive and encouraging attitude has to be developed
among the family members and parents.
• School teachers should be trained on adolescent health.
Conclusion
15. References
•Hamilton, Brady e. and Ventura, Stephanie J. (April 10 2012).``birth rates for u.s
teenagers reach historic lows for all age and ethnic group”. Centers for disease
control and prevention.
•Mayor's. (2004).``pregnancy and childbirth are leading causes of death in
teenage girls in developing countries”.BMJ (7449): 1152.doi: 10.
1136/bmj.7449.1152-a.PMC 411126. PMID 15142897
•`` Teen pregnancy”(2004) in Encyclopedia of women’s health.
•Dawan, himanshi (28 November 2013)``teen pregnancy higher in India than
even in UK, US” The economic times
•MacLeod, c. (1999).``The ‘causes’ of teenage pregnancy: Review of South
African Research--part-2”. South African journal of Psychology29: 8-16. doi:10.
1177/0081246399902900102.
16. •The national campaign to prevent Teen Pregnancy. (2001). What the polling data tells
A Summary of past Surveys on Teen pregnancy.teeenpregnancy.org
•Allen, Collin.(may 22 ,2003).”Peer Pressure and Teen Sex .”psychology today.
•The National Campaign to prevent Teen Pregnancy.(2009). Do most tens who choose t
raise the child get married when they find out they are pregnant?
•Beginning Too Soon: Adolescent Sexual Behaviour, Pregnancy And
Parenthood, US Department of Health and Human services.
•American academy of pediatrics, Committee on Adolescence .
Adolescent Pregnancy-currents trends and issues:1998.Pediatrics,1990;
103:516-520
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