Biosensor and its Applications.
Biosensors are analytical devices that combine a biological component with a physicochemical detector to provide specific and sensitive detection of target analytes.
Importance: Biosensors have revolutionized the way we detect and monitor various substances, from biomarkers to environmental pollutants.
Biosensor is an leading Biological technology now. It is an application of Biotechnology. It makes laboratory tests more fast and easy to carry out. It is cost effective, more accurate precise, and have less errors.
biosensor, modern, principles, technology, applications, working of sensor, types of sensor , nanomaterial, based biosensor(nanosensor) optical biosensor, flourescent biosensor, electrochemical and glucose biosensor, genetically encoded biosensor, microbial biosensor, cancer , references included, advantages and disadvantages also included.
Biosensor .now what is biosensor .mechanism of biosensor .equipment used in biosensor .All the information contain about biosensor present in this presentation .its really informative .
Biosensors are the analytical device that are used to measure the concentration of analye , these type of biosensors are made with conjugation of enzymes as a biological eliment to quantify a (bio)chemical substance / analyte are reffered to as Enzyme-probe Biosensors .
Biosensors are of many types but focusing on Enzyme biosensors there are 4 main types which are briefly described in this power point presentation .
Biosensor is the Talk of The Day. It made possible, the conversion of yesteryear's cumbersome experiments to an easier, faster all the while improving its sensitivity and specificity. This article will help you to gain an acquaintance about it, its properties, etc.
biosensor, modern, principles, technology, applications, working of sensor, types of sensor , nanomaterial, based biosensor(nanosensor) optical biosensor, flourescent biosensor, electrochemical and glucose biosensor, genetically encoded biosensor, microbial biosensor, cancer , references included, advantages and disadvantages also included.
Biosensor .now what is biosensor .mechanism of biosensor .equipment used in biosensor .All the information contain about biosensor present in this presentation .its really informative .
Biosensors are the analytical device that are used to measure the concentration of analye , these type of biosensors are made with conjugation of enzymes as a biological eliment to quantify a (bio)chemical substance / analyte are reffered to as Enzyme-probe Biosensors .
Biosensors are of many types but focusing on Enzyme biosensors there are 4 main types which are briefly described in this power point presentation .
Biosensor is the Talk of The Day. It made possible, the conversion of yesteryear's cumbersome experiments to an easier, faster all the while improving its sensitivity and specificity. This article will help you to gain an acquaintance about it, its properties, etc.
A sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.
BIOSENSOR, PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY, B PHARAM, 6TH SEM
Basic components of Biosensor
Working of Biosensor
Types of Biosensor
Electrochemical biosensor
Optical biosensor
Thermal biosensor
Resonant biosensor
Ion-sensitive biosensor
Applications of Biosensor
Nano sensors
sensing device
Father of the Biosensor
components of BIOSENSOR
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF BIOSENSOR
BIO-ELEMENT
TRANSDUCER
DETECTOR
RESPONSE FROM BIO-ELEMENT
IDEAL BIOSENSOR
BASIC CHARACTERESTICS
The revolution of nanotechnology in molecular biology gives an opportunity to detect and manipulate atoms and molecules at the molecular and cellular level.
A Biosensor is a device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physio-chemical detector component.
Download: https://www.topicsforseminar.com/2014/10/biosensors-ppt.html
With increase in potential for bioterrorism, there is a great demand to detect the bio agents in the atmosphere in a quick, reliable and accurate method. Biosensor is a analytical device which uses enzymes, immunosystems, tissues that converts biological response into electrical, thermal or optical signals. Biosensor is an efficient and cost effective device which is most widely used for various day to day applications. Biosensor consists of two components: first the “sensing element” and second is the “transducers”. Sensing element may be either enzymes, antibodies, DNA, tissues or whole cells which then transduces the biochemical reaction into electrical signals. Basic advantage of biosensor is the use of nanomaterials, micro fluidics and transducer on a single chip. Biosensors have found its application in fermentation, food industry, diagnosis, imaging, DNA sequencing and biodefense. Development of nanotechnology leads to the development of macro and micro sensors which is small and sensitive.
Biosensors have become more popular with biochemistry and analytical chemistry. Biosensors are used to detect pollutants, microbial load, control parameters and metabolites. Leland C Clark is the father of biosensor who invented the glucose biosensor to determine the glucose level in the sample. Clark entrapped glucose oxidase in a dialysis membrane and placed within a oxygen electrode. DNA sensor has been included in the family of biosensors which can be used for disease diagnosis. Biosensors are fabricated using nanotechnology, these devices helps use to analyze in a quick and accurately.
This ppt is about biosensors. A brief Introduction to biosensors, history of Biosensors, working of biosensors, usage of biosensors application of biosensors in medical and other fields
A sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.
BIOSENSOR, PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY, B PHARAM, 6TH SEM
Basic components of Biosensor
Working of Biosensor
Types of Biosensor
Electrochemical biosensor
Optical biosensor
Thermal biosensor
Resonant biosensor
Ion-sensitive biosensor
Applications of Biosensor
Nano sensors
sensing device
Father of the Biosensor
components of BIOSENSOR
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF BIOSENSOR
BIO-ELEMENT
TRANSDUCER
DETECTOR
RESPONSE FROM BIO-ELEMENT
IDEAL BIOSENSOR
BASIC CHARACTERESTICS
The revolution of nanotechnology in molecular biology gives an opportunity to detect and manipulate atoms and molecules at the molecular and cellular level.
A Biosensor is a device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physio-chemical detector component.
Download: https://www.topicsforseminar.com/2014/10/biosensors-ppt.html
With increase in potential for bioterrorism, there is a great demand to detect the bio agents in the atmosphere in a quick, reliable and accurate method. Biosensor is a analytical device which uses enzymes, immunosystems, tissues that converts biological response into electrical, thermal or optical signals. Biosensor is an efficient and cost effective device which is most widely used for various day to day applications. Biosensor consists of two components: first the “sensing element” and second is the “transducers”. Sensing element may be either enzymes, antibodies, DNA, tissues or whole cells which then transduces the biochemical reaction into electrical signals. Basic advantage of biosensor is the use of nanomaterials, micro fluidics and transducer on a single chip. Biosensors have found its application in fermentation, food industry, diagnosis, imaging, DNA sequencing and biodefense. Development of nanotechnology leads to the development of macro and micro sensors which is small and sensitive.
Biosensors have become more popular with biochemistry and analytical chemistry. Biosensors are used to detect pollutants, microbial load, control parameters and metabolites. Leland C Clark is the father of biosensor who invented the glucose biosensor to determine the glucose level in the sample. Clark entrapped glucose oxidase in a dialysis membrane and placed within a oxygen electrode. DNA sensor has been included in the family of biosensors which can be used for disease diagnosis. Biosensors are fabricated using nanotechnology, these devices helps use to analyze in a quick and accurately.
This ppt is about biosensors. A brief Introduction to biosensors, history of Biosensors, working of biosensors, usage of biosensors application of biosensors in medical and other fields
biosensors;components,types , applications and GMO biosensorsCherry
Biosensors are devices that helps to determine the concentration of an analyte in a sample. In this ppt, the definition, components, types, applications and GMO biosensors have been described.
Biotechnology is challenging subject to teach and understand also..its a very interesting subject in pharmacy..all the power point is made as per your syllabus with point to point discussion.
thank you
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Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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3. SENSORS
A sensor is a device that detects and
responds to some type of input from the
physical environment.
The specific input could be light, heat,
motion, moisture, ‘pressure, or any one
of a great number of other
environmental phenomena.
4. SENSORS
A sensor is a converter that
measures a physical quantity and
converts it into a signal which can
be read by an observer or by an
instrument.
5. BIOSENSORS
These are analytical devices, which measure
concentration of an analyte.
In biosensors, a biological material ( such as
enzyme, antibody, whole cell, nucleic acid) is used
to interact with the analyte.
This interaction produces a physical or chemical
change, which is detected by the transducer and
converted to an electrical signal.
This signal is interpreted and converted to analyte
concentration presentin the sample.
7. CHARACTERISTICS
It should be highly specific for the analyte in the presence of other interfering
chemicals or foreign materials .
The reaction used should be independent of manageable factors like pH,
temperature, stirring, etc.
The response should be linear over a useful range of analyte concentrations .
Sensitivity: should detect even low concentration of analyte.
The device should be tiny and bio-compatible.
The device should be cheap, small, easy to use and capable of repeated use.
Stability: should give maximum response over a period of time.
8. Leland C. Clark, Jr
The first ‘true’ biosensor was developed
by Leland C. Clark, Jr in 1956 for
oxygen detection.
He is known as the ‘father of biosensors’
and his invention of the oxygen
electrode bears his name: 'Clark
electrode'
9. Biosensor essentially have 2
components;
1. Biological component :- for
sensing the presence as well as
concentration of an analyte
2. Transducer device :- convert to
chemical/physical/electrical
signals to read.
10.
11. BIOSENSOR:-COMPONENTS
Analyte
Bioreceptor
Transducer
• Substance of interest to be detected
• Molecule specifically recognize the analyte. Eg :- Enzyme, cells, DNA,
Antibodies.
• Process of signal generation (light, pH, heat, charge, mass change)
upon interaction with analyze is known as biorecognition
• Element that converts one forms of energy to another.
• Process of conversion (optical or electrical signal) is known as
signalization.
• Signal is proportional to amount of analyte
12. Electronics
Display
• process transduced signal and prepare it for display
• Using complex electronic circuit which perform signal conditioning
such as amplification and conversion from analogue to digital form
• User interpretation system such as liquid crystal display of
computer or direct printer.
13.
14.
15.
16. Biosensors are operated based on the principle of signal transduction
and Biorecognition of element.
Bioreceptor, is allowed to interact with a specific analyte. The transducer
measures this interaction and outputs a signal.
The intensity of the signal output is proportional to the concentration of
the analyte.
The signal is then amplified and processed by the electronic system.
18. WORKING
1. The sample containing the analyte is first passed through a membrane so as to
eliminate most of the interfering molecules
2. The purified sample is then made to interact with the biological sensor (bioreceptor:
Enzyme, DNA, Cell or Antibody in immobilized form) to yield the desired product
that may be represented as an appropriate chemical entity, heat, electric current or
charge.
3. Intensity of signal is proportional to concentration of analyte.
4. This biochemical/electrical signal is amplified and processed to corresponding by
electronic system and finally read either on a digital panel or recorded on a suitable
recording device.
19. On the basis of the transducer used, biosensor can be
Electrochemical (Amperometric, Potentiometric, Impedimetric)
Optical (absorption, reflection, refraction, transmission, surface plasmon,
fluorescence, wave guide)
Calorimetric
Piezoelectric (acoustic wave, quartz crystal microbalance)
Thermoelectric (heat).
20. On the basis of recognition elements used, biosensor can as
Enzymatic Biosensors
DNA or RNA biosensors
immunosensors (antibody, antigens, or biomarkers)
Whole-cell sensors
Microbial biosensors, etc.
21. Electrochemical Biosensors can be further classified into different types
based on the electrochemical parameters measured:
Amperometric Biosensor
Potentiometric Biosensors
Conductometric Biosensors
22. Measure the current (typically nA to mA range) resulting
from a chemical reaction (due to catalytic conversion or
the absorption of proteins) of electroactive materials on
transducer (electrode) surface while a constant potential
is applied.
The working electrode of the amperometric biosensor is
usually a noble metal (gold, titanium, nickel, etc.),
indium tin oxide (ITO), or carbon covered by the
bioreceptor elements.
Amount of current is directly proportional to the
substrate concentration.
Glucose biosensor is a good example of amperometric
biosensor
23. Detect potential from a chemical reaction of electroactive
materials when constant current is applied.
Measure species such as pH, H*, NH* and other ions, as well
as biomolecules including glucose, urea, penicillin, etc.
lon-selective field effect transistors (ISFET) are the low cost
devices that can be used for miniaturization of potentiometric
biosensors.
A good example is an ISFET biosensor used to monitor
intramyocardial pH during open-heart surgery.
24. Many biological processes involve changes in
the concentrations of ionic species.
Such changes can be utilised by biosensors
that detect changes in electrical conductivity.
A typical example of such biosensor ts the urea
sensor, utilising immobilized urease, and used
as a monitor during renal surgery and dialysis.
25. Utilize principle of optical measurements (absorbance,
fluorescence, luminescence). determining changes in light
absorption between the reactants and products of a
reaction, or measuring the light output by a luminescent
process.
Enzymes and antibodies are used as the recognition
elements
Consist of light source, numerous optical components to
generate a light beam with specific characteristics and a
modified sensing head along with a photodetector.
Fibre optics and optoelectronic transducers are used as
transducer element
Advantage: these biosensors usually do not require
reference sensors, as the comparative signal can be
generated using the same source of light as the sampling
sensor.
26. Piezoelectric biosensors are based on acoustics (sound).
piezoelectric biosensors are also called as acoustic
biosensors.
use piezoelectric materials, typically quartz crystals, in
order to generate acoustic waves.
Their surface is usually coated with antibodies which
bind to the complementary present in the sample
solution.
This leads to increased mass which reduces their
vibrational frequency; this change is used to determine
the amount of antigen present in the sample solution.
27. Miniaturized biosensors detecting
magnetic micro and nanoparticles in
microfluidic channels using the
magnetoresistance effect have great
potential in terms of sensitivity and
size.
28. Thermometric Biosensors are also known as
calorimetric biosensors.
Several biological reactions are associated with the
release of heat.
Thermometric biosensors measure the temperature
change of the solution containing the analyte
enzymatic reactions.
29. On the basis of recognition elements used, biosensor can be classified as;
Enzymatic Biosensors
DNA or RNA biosensors
Immunosensors (antibody, antigens, or biomarkers),
Whole-cell sensors
Microbial biosensors, etc.
30. Enzyme are used as recognition
elements Devised on
immobilization methods, i.e.
adsorption of enzymes by van der
Waals forces, ionic bonding or
covalent bonding.
The commonly used enzymes for
this purpose are oxidoreductases,
polyphenol oxidases, peroxidases,
and aminooxidases
31. DNA is used as biorecognition elements
(biorecepetor)
devised on the property that single-strand
nucleic acid molecule is able to recognize and
bind to its complementary strand in a sample.
The interaction is due to the formation of stable
hydrogen bonds between the two nucleic acid
strands.
32. Immunological preparation (antibodies) are uses as recognition elements
Established on the fact that antibodies have high affinity towards their respective
antigens
Antibodies specifically bind to pathogens or toxins, or interact with components of
the host's immune system
34. The tissues for tissue-based sensors arise from plant and animal sources as
recognition elements
The analyte of interest can be an inhibitor or a substrate of these processes.
Rechnitz developed the first tissue based sensor for the determination of amino
acid arginine.
Organelle-based sensors were made using membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria,
and microsomes.
High Stability, longer detection time and low specificity.
35. Detection of ageing of beer: enzymatic biosensors based on cobalt phthalocyanine.
Detection of pathogens in food: by detecting variation in pH caused by ammonia
(produced by urease - E. coli antibody conjugate) in vegetables using
potentiometric alternating biosensors
Determining the quality of the food: freshness of meat and fish products and their
quality. By reacting specific chemical entities that develop during the process of
putrefaction (i.e., decomposition) or spoilage of meat products. e Employed in the
dairy industry
1. IN FOOD PROCESSING, MONITORING, FOOD
AUTHENTICITY, QUALITY AND SAFETY
36. ln fermentation industries & industrial set-up: Biosensors help in the
assay of the concentration of ions.
The monitoring of final desired products (enzyme, antibody) by products
and cell cultures to obtain the optimum yield of the desired product(s).
e.g., alcohol from molasses,
2, IN INDUSTRIAL AND FERMENTATION INDUSTRY
37. Monitoring of various pollutants in water.
Determination of pesticides - potentiometric biosensor.
analyses of water pollution from herbicide: Amperometric basic sensor
Remote sensing of admixtures of mine gases in adverse environments.
Monitoring of toxic gases e.g. in chemical industries, in war etc.
Concentration of ammonia can be defined with microbe biosensor with
cells of type Nitrosomonas spp.
3, ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD
38. Medical diagnosis eg:- Blood pressure, Blood glucose level.
Clinical analysis: Quantitative measurement of cardiac markers.
Measurement of metabolites which serve as indicator of prevailing pathogenic
parameters or metabolic disturbances: glutamate and acetyle choline which are
main causes of degenerative diseases
hafnium oxide (HfO2): for early stage detection of human interleukin.
To monitor susceptibility of chemotherapeutic agents
To monitor Respiratory gases e.g., medical oxygen.
In organ replacement procedure like artificial pancreas
4, MEDICAL FIELD
40. A lab on a chip (LOC) is a device that
integrates one or several laboratory fucntions on
a single chip of only few millimeters to a few
square centimeters in size.
Basically, LOC integrate microfluidics,
nanosensors, microelectrics, biochemistry and
electronic components on th same chip.
5, LAB ON CHIP (LOC)
41. In pharmaceutical industry for monitoring chemical parameters in
the production process (in bioreactors).
Affinity biosensors for high-throughput screening of bioprocess-
produced antibodies and for drug screening.
Oligonucleotide-immobilized biosensors for interactions studies
between a surface linked DNA with the target drug.
6, Drug Discovery and Drug Analysis
42. Photonic biosensors can detect tumor cell in a urine sample to an ultra-sensitivity
level .
Epigenetic modifications are detected after exploitation of integrated optical
resonators (eg., post-translational modifications in histone and DNA methylation)
using body fluids of patients suffering from cancer or other ailments.
The ultimate goal is to detect any biochemical and biophvsical signal associated
with a specific disease at the level of a single molecule or cell.
They can be integrated into other technologies such as lab-on-a chip to facilitate
molecular diagnostics.
Eg: Detection of microorganisms in various sample: monitoring of metabolites in
body fluids and detection of tissue pathology such as cancer
7, Epigenetics
8, Nano-Biosensors