The document provides information about different biomes including tundra, desert, tropical rainforest, taiga, and their key characteristics. It describes the location, climate, flora, fauna, and human populations found in each biome. For tundra, it specifically discusses the Inupiat people of Alaska. For deserts, it focuses on the nomadic Tuareg tribes. And for tropical rainforests, it outlines the Baka Pygmy tribe in central Africa.

1. Biomes

2. Tundra:
Location & Landforms
 Tundra covers a fifth of the Earth’s surface.
 Located in Alaska, Northern Canada, edges of Greenland,
Northern Scandinavia, northern Siberia, and Russia.
 The tundra is located between 55 degrees and 75 degrees
north
 Some tundra is found at the top of mountains and also in flat
regions.
 Underneath the thin layer of top soil, there is frozen soil.
 During the short summer when the snow melts, lakes and
rivers appear since the frozen soil is not able to absorb the
water.

3. Tundra:
Climate
 It is relatively cold all of the year but there is
a short summer period where the sun
shines all day
 In winter he average temperature is
between 20° and 30° F ( -7° and -1°C)
 In the short summer which lasts only six to
ten weeks, temperatures, it will not get any
warmer than 45° to 50° F (7° to 10° C)
 The average precipitation is 25cm (9.8 in.)
per year. It is mainly snow.
 During the long winter, there are long nights
and during the short summer, there are long
days.

4.  Some animals in the tundra include the lemming,
arctic fox, arctic hare, snow owl, caribou, polar bear,
musk ox, and migratory birds.
Tundra:
Fauna

5. Tundra:
Flora
 The majority of plants are mosses, grasses, lichens,
sedges, and shrubs, also cotton grass is very common
in the region. Flowers can be found in the arctic tundra
but not to many.

6. Tundra:
People
 Humans have been part of the ecosystem and biome
of the tundra. Indigenous people of Alaska are all
separated in small groups such as the Aleut, Alutiiq,
Inupiat, central Yupik and the Siberian Yupik.
 Today the natives try to success by combining the
modern system and the old fashion way they learned.

7. Tundra:
The Inupiat
 The Inupiat people are an Alaska native people who's
territory starts from Norton Sound on the Bering Sea
up to the Canadian border.
 Inupiat people are hunting-gatherers like most artic
people and they try to survive by hunting and fishing.
There local harvest would be the walrus, seal, whale,
polar bears, caribou and fish.
 The Inupiat are separated into two groups. The ones
on the sea and the ones in the land.

8. Deserts:
Locations & landforms
 The desert is located between 30 degrees latitude north
and 30 degrees latitude south.
 It can be found in most of Australia, in north (Saharan
Desert) and South Africa, West and South West
America, Arabian countries, and central Europe and
central Asia.
 Landforms in the desert include alluvial fan, butte,
mesas, dunes, oasis, plateau, and canyons.
 Most deserts are found between 20 degrees and 35
degrees north and south of the equator.

9. Desert:
Climate
 Deserts are hot during the day and
cold at night. During the day the
temperatures can reach 50°C and
at night it can fall below 0°C.
 Deserts have less than 250 mm of
rainfall per year.
 Deserts are very dry because of the
little rainfall and extreme heat.

10. Desert:
Flora
 Plants in the desert include many varieties of cacti
such as, saguaro cactus, barrel cactus, and prickly
bear cactus. Trees do not grow very often but the
Joshua Tree grows in the Mojave desert.

11. Desert:
Fauna
 Animals in the desert
include lizards, meerkats,
different types of spiders,
camels, ostriches,
roadrunners, fennec fox,
kangaroo rat, and different
types reptiles.
 A lot of animals spend most
of the day underground but
come out at night when it is
cool to eat and hunt.

12. Desert:
Population
 Human life in the deserts can be found all over he world such
as in the US, South America, Africa, and in Asia
 US: In the US Native Americans such as the Paiute live in
deserts. These Native Americans live now in habited areas such
as Las Vegas
 South America: Native Americans who live in the Atacama and
are living with the help of irrigation and some of them herd
llamas and alpacas
 Africa: In Africa you can find a lot of tribes such as the bushmen
and the tuaregs who are considered nomadic.
 Asia: In Asia there are also two kinds of groups called the
Bedouin (Middle East) and the Gobi nomads who live in the
Gobi desert.

13. Desert:
The Tuaregs
 The Tuaregs are the most nomadic desert
groups. They move depending where there
is rainfall.
 The Tuaregs mostly depend on the camels
that they get off trading, grazing, meat, and
milk.
 Many Tuaregs are often owners of cattle
ranches at the Sahara's margins. With that
they often live in little hut with wooden
frame.
 Clothing: They often wear black on their
head and white on their bodies. They would
wrap themselves up to block the sand from
coming in, to keep out the sun and to be
warm during the nights.

14. Tropical Rainforest:
Location & Landforms
 Rainforests are located near the equator.
 50% of all tropical rainforests are in Latin America and
a third of all rainforests are inn Brazil.
 Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands have 25% of
the world’s tropical rainforests and West Africa has
18%.
 The rainforest has mountains, valleys and flood plains.
There can also be streams and rivers running through
them and wetlands.

15. Tropical Rainforest:
Climate
 Tropical rainforests have
constant a temperature
and a high rainfall. The
level of humidity and
density will eventually
release a unique nutrient
cycle
 The average precipitation
is at last 250cm per year.
Often temperatures vary,
but it will vary less than
rainfall.

16. Tropical Rainforest:
Fauna & Flora
 The tropical rainforest has
different layers and each layer
does not get as much sun. The
first one starting from the top is
the emergent layer which is
the top of the trees, then there
is the canopy which is the
normal layers of the trees, then
the under canopy this is where
saplings grow, finally the shrub
layer is where almost no
sunlight passes through and
little vegetation is there

17. Tropical Rain Forest:
Fauna
 Small animals that live in the rainforest include
monkeys, birds, snakes, rodents, frogs, bats, spiders,
and lizards. Some specific animals are the red-eyed
tree frog, scarlet macaw, capuchin monkey, leafcutter
ant, jaguar, and tapir.

18. Tropical Rain forest:
People
 Before deforestation and civilization came more than
50,000,000 tribal people people habited this forest only
depending on food and shelter. Now many native tribes
have been exterminated. Only few of them are still there.
 The sorts of tribal people that is often talked about are the
Pygmies, the Huli, and the Yanomami.
 The pygmies are often found in central Africa, the Huli
mostly in Papua New Guniea, and the Yanomami lived in
South Agrica

19. Tropical Rain Forest:
The Pygmies
 There are lots of different pygmies in the world that you
can find but the one here is the Baka pygmies who are
situated in Cameroon, Gabon, and Congo.
 The Pygmies are shorter than all of the native tribes but
are experts in forest life. They are famous throughout the
world because of their hunting, musical, and dancing skills.
 Music is one of the most important things in there daily
life.

20. Taiga:
Location & Landforms
 The taiga is one of the most largest Biome in the
world. It is mostly situated in the the Northern
Hemisphere and passes through North America, Asia,
and in Europe.
 The taiga is located between 50° Latitude and the
arctic circle.
 Only High plains and some mountains are dotted
throughout the biome and are full of snow. Lakes,
rivers, and streams are also there.

21. Taiga:
Climate
 Taiga climate can be
extremely cold during the
winter temperatures go as
low as -53° C (-65° F) and as
high as -1° C ( 30° F)
 Taiga climate does not really
go up during the summer.
The temperature can be -1°
C (30° F) up to 21° C (70° F).
 The amount of rainfall per
year can be about from 30 to
90 cm

22. Taiga:
Fauna
 There are various kinds of animals that live in the taiga.
32,000 species of insects live in the Taiga and 300 species
of birds live their as well.
 Lynx, bobcats, wolverines, elk, deer, mouse, rabbits,
squirrels, and the American black bears.

23. Taiga:
Flora
 Although it is really cold in
the Taiga some trees have
survived the cold and have
grown.
 Broadleaf trees, willow,
birch, aspen, and rowan
gasses and mosses are
also known to grow. The
most famous tree that
everybody knows is the
pine tree.
 Also coniferous trees,
spruce and fir also mainly

24. Taiga:
People
 In the Taiga it is mostly unpopulated but there are
some cities like Moscow or Toronto that still overcome
the weather. We also all know that now few natives
will also be living in such conditions but there are
some.
 Like I said most of the living people in the Taiga are
people who live in the cities.

25. Taiga:
Moscow
 Moscow is one of the best cities in the
world. It has the most billionaires and
the lifestyle is expensive.
 Each year during the seasons there
are specific events happening such as
the Easter festival and the Museum
Night. Moscow also contains open-air
concerts.
 The often climate of Moscow would be
very hot in the summer and very long,
cold winters.

26. credits
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http://www.desertanimals.net/index.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/eco
systems/desert_rev1.shtml
http://www.kbears.com/climates/printdesert.html
http://www.mbgnet.net/sets/rforest/where.htm
http://earthsrainforests.weebly.com/landforms.html

27. Credits
 http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/ph
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