BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY CANCER TREATMENT DEFINITION: Biomedical nanotechnology, which is defined as the combination of biology and nanotechnology. NANOPARTICLE: Any material having at least one of its dimension in the range of 1-100 nanometer is called as a nanoparticle. NANO: The word ‘nano’ is a Greek word and it means DWARF or small. NANOTECHNOLOGY: The term nanotechnology was coined by a scientist Norio Taniguchi in 1974. A NANO SIMPLE EXAMPLE A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter that is 10-9m HOW TO MAKE NANOSTRUCTURES? TOP-DOWN APPROACH: Building something by starting with a larger component and carving away material (likes a sculpture). BOTTOM-UP APPROACH: Building something by assembling smaller components (like building a car engine), atom by atom assembly. WHERE THE NANOTECHNOLOGY USED IN BIOMEDICAL FIELD?: IN CANCER TREATMENT:CANCER: Development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably which have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue. NORMAL CELLS AND CANCER CELLS CHEMOTHERAPY DRAWBACKS:Use of anti cancer (cytotoxic ) drugs to destroy cancer cells. Work by disrupting the growth of cancer cells Non-specificity Toxicity Adverse side effects Poor solubility CANCER NANOTECHNOLOGY:Interdisciplinary research, cutting across the disciplines of Biology Chemistry Engineering Physics Medicine Nanoparticles such as Semiconductor quantum dots(QDS) Ion oxide nanocrystals Carbon nanotubes Polymeric nanoparticles Unique properties Structural Optical Magnetic EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER CELLS:NANOCRYSTALS QUANTUN DOTS NANOPARTICLES QUANTUM DOTS CAN FIND CANCER SIGNATURES:NANOSCALE CANTILEVERS:APPLICATIONS:CLINICAL AND RESERCH FIELD:GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY: ADVANTAGES:Increased solubility of highly lipophilic drugs. With nanotechnology we can create unique materials and products which are Stronger, Lighter, Cheaper, Durable, Precise. Industrial components which made with nanomaterials can become a billion time faster and million time smaller. ADVANTAGES:Automatic pollution cleanup. Manufacturing at very low cost. In medical field - end of illness ( i.e, cancer, heart diseases. ) Universal immunity such diseases as aids, flu. Body sculpturing - changing our appearance. Less pollution.Mass production in foodandconsumable.DISADVANTAGES:Health and safetyissues:Nanoparticles can cause serious illness or damage to human body.Carbon nanotubes can cause infection of lungs.Mass production in food and consumable. Oil and Diamonds could become worthless.Loss of jobs in manufacturing and farming, etc.Atomic weapons could be more accessible and destructive.Creates social strife through increasing wealth gap. Nano pollution is created by toxic waste.FUTURE SCOPE:To develop nanoscale devices that may lead to detection of the earliest stages of cancer while simultaneously delivering anticancer agents to the tumor.Further studies are focused on expanding the selection of drugs to deliver novel nanoparticles vectors.co REFERENCES

1. DHANALAKSHMI SRINIVASAN
ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
PERAMBALUR-621212.
TECHNOFEST PRESENTATION TEAM MEMBERS:
B.DURGA DEVI,
R.ELAVARASI,
R.HARITHA.
FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING THIRD YEAR.

2. TOPIC:
BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY
DEFINITION:
⁕ BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY, WHICH IS DEFINED AS THE
COMBINATION OF BIOLOGYAND NANOTECHNOLOGY.
⁕ THIS INCLUDES INNOVATIONS LIKE THE IMPROVEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL
PROCESSES IN NANOSCALE, THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC
BIOMATERIALS, AND THE DESIGN OF ACCURATE MEASUREMENT
DEVICES

3. INTRODUCTION:
NANOPARTICLE:
ANY MATERIAL HAVING AT LEAST ONE OF ITS DIMENSION IN THE RANGE
OF 1-100 NANOMETER IS CALLED AS A NANOPARTICLE.
NANO:
THE WORD ‘NANO’ IS A GREEK WORD AND IT MEANS DWARF OR SMALL.
NANOTECHNOLOGY:
THE TERM NANOTECHNOLOGY WAS COINED BY A SCIENTIST NORIO
TANIGUCHI IN 1974.

4. A NANO SIMPLE EXAMPLE
A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter that is 10-9m.

5. HOW TO MAKE NANOSTRUCTURES?
TOP-DOWN APPROACH:
Building something by starting with a larger component and carving away material
(likes a sculpture).

6. BOTTOM-UPAPPROACH:
Building something by assembling smaller components (like building a car
engine), atom by atom assembly.

7. WHERE THE NANOTECHNOLOGY
USED IN BIOMEDICAL FIELD?:

8. IN CANCER TREATMENT:
•CANCER:
DEVELOPMENT OF
ABNORMAL CELLS THAT
DIVIDE UNCONTROLLABLY
WHICH HAVE THE ABILITY TO
INFILTRATE AND DESTROY
NORMAL BODY TISSUE.
NORMAL CELLS AND CANCER CELLS

9. CHEMOTHERAPY DRAWBACKS:
• USE OF ANTI CANCER (CYTOTOXIC ) DRUGS TO DESTROY
CANCER CELLS.
• WORK BY DISRUPTING THE GROWTH OF CANCER CELLS
NON-SPECIFICITY
TOXICITY
ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS
POOR SOLUBILITY

10. CANCER NANOTECHNOLOGY:
• INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH, CUTTING ACROSS THE
DISCIPLINES OF
 BIOLOGY
 CHEMISTRY
 ENGINEERING
 PHYSICS
 MEDICINE
• NANOPARTICLES SUCH AS
 SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS(QDS)
 ION OXIDE NANOCRYSTALS
 CARBON NANOTUBES
 POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES
• UNIQUE PROPERTIES
 STRUCTURAL
 OPTICAL
 MAGNETIC

11. EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER
CELLS:
• NANOCRYSTALS
• QUANTUN DOTS
• NANOPARTICLES

12. QUANTUM DOTS CAN FIND CANCER
SIGNATURES:

13. NANOSCALE CANTILEVERS:

14. APPLICATIONS:
CLINICALAND RESERCH FIELD:

15. •GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY:

16. ADVANTAGES:
• INCREASED SOLUBILITY OF HIGHLY LIPOPHILIC DRUGS.
• WITH NANOTECHNOLOGY WE CAN CREATE UNIQUE MATERIALS AND
PRODUCTS WHICH ARE
STRONGER,
LIGHTER,
CHEAPER,
DURABLE,
PRECISE.
• INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS WHICH MADE WITH NANOMATERIALS CAN
BECOME A BILLION TIME FASTER AND MILLION TIME SMALLER.

17. ADVANTAGES:
• Automatic pollution cleanup.
• Manufacturing at very low cost.
• In medical field - end of illness ( i.e, cancer, heart diseases. )
• Universal immunity such diseases as aids, flu.
• Body sculpturing - changing our appearance.
• Less pollution.
• Mass production in food and consumable.

18. DISADVANTAGES:
• HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES:
NANOPARTICLES CAN CAUSE SERIOUS ILLNESS OR DAMAGE TO HUMAN BODY.
CARBON NANOTUBES CAN CAUSE INFECTION OF LUNGS.
• MASS PRODUCTION IN FOOD AND CONSUMABLE. OIL AND DIAMONDS COULD BECOME
WORTHLESS.
• LOSS OF JOBS IN MANUFACTURING AND FARMING, ETC.
• ATOMIC WEAPONS COULD BE MORE ACCESSIBLE AND DESTRUCTIVE.
• CREATES SOCIAL STRIFE THROUGH INCREASING WEALTH GAP.
• NANO POLLUTION IS CREATED BY TOXIC WASTE.

19. FUTURE SCOPE:
ᴥ TO DEVELOP NANOSCALE DEVICES THAT MAY LEAD TO DETECTION
OF THE EARLIEST STAGES OF CANCER WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY
DELIVERING ANTICANCER AGENTS TO THE TUMOR.
ᴥ FURTHER STUDIES ARE FOCUSED ON EXPANDING THE SELECTION OF
DRUGS TO DELIVER NOVEL NANOPARTICLES VECTORS.
CONCLUSION:
NANOTECHNOLOGY WILL RADICALLY CHANGE THE WAY WE
DIAGNOSE, TREAT AND PREVENT CANCER TO HELP MEET THE GOAL OF
ELIMINATING SUFFERING AND DEATH FROM CANCER.

20. REFERENCES:
WEBSITES:
• IGI GLOBAL
• NPTEL
• NANO.GOV.IN
• VECTOR ELECTRO.COM
BOOK:
• BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY – PROF. P. GOPINATH BIOTECHNOGY, IIT-
ROORKEE.

21. THANKYOU