To improve realiability of solar thermal power plant a hybrid method was introduced in which biomass aids the power plant for continuous electricity generation.

1. A Seminar Report
On
BIOMASS SUPPORTED SOLAR THERMAL HYBRID
POWER PLANT
By
A.NAGESH BHAT
124G1A0257
Under the esteemed guidance of
G. Meeri Matha.,M.Tech., (Ph.D).,
Associate Professor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SRINIVASA RAMANUJAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University)
ANANTHAPURAMU-515701
2016

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Solar Collectors For STPP
• Working of STPP
• Characteristics Of STPP
• Solar Thermal Hybrid Power Plant(STHPP)
• Advantages
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
 Increasing energy demand day by day calls for new and
efficient methods and resources to provide reliable power.
 At present rate of energy usage may cause fossil fuel to extinct
in very short period of time. So now a days more focus is on
renewable energy sources.
 Solar energy is one of the predominant forms of renewable
energy resource.
 Solar energy can harnessed in many ways such as using
concentrating collectors, photovoltaic conversion etc .
 Solar energy has many applications such as distillation, space
heating ,space cooling, cooking, drying etc..,

4. The use of solar thermal source are being attractive source
among the renewable sources in electricity generation day by day
due to impact of environmental pollution from fossil fuel and
depletion of fossil energy.
 A large scale electrical energy can be generated using
concentrating solar thermal power plant with storage system.
 It is fact that solar thermal power plant (STPP) cannot operate
stably and continuously due to variability of solar irradiation
 So a hybrid solar thermal power plant is introduced which can
operate continuously which includes both solar and biomass
energy for continuous electrical energy generation.

5. Solar Collectors For STPP
• There are three main types of collectors for solar thermal
power
a. Parabolic trough
b. Solar dish
c. Solar power tower
Parabolic Trough
 A parabolic trough collector has a long parabolic-shaped
reflector that focuses the sun's rays on a receiver pipe located
at the focus of the parabola.
 The collector tilts with the sun as the sun moves from east to
west during the day to ensure that the sun is continuously
focused on the receiver.

6. This receiver tube heats up the oil to nearly 400°C, and a heat
exchanger transfers the heat of the thermal oil to a water steam
cycle
• The solar thermal trough power plants can reach annual
efficiencies of about 15%
Fig. Parabolic Trough Collectors

7. Solar Dish
Solar dish systems use concentrating solar collectors that track
the sun, so they always point straight at the sun and concentrate
the solar energy at the focal point of the dish.
• The temperature can be obtained up to 650°C. The system
efficiency of Dish systems can reach 20% or more
Fig. Solar dish collector

8. Solar Power tower
In solar thermal tower power plants, hundreds or even thousands
of large two-axis tracked mirrors are installed around a tower.
These slightly curved mirrors are also called heliostats
• A temperatures of 1000°C or more can be obtained and the
system can achieve an efficiency of 20% or more.
Fig. Solar power tower

9. WORKING OF SOLAR THERMAL
POWER PLANT
 The STPP works like as conventional thermal power plant, but
instead of fossil fuel it uses solar thermal energy as a heat for
the generating steam.
 The solar power tower systems reflect light in to a receiver at
focus point and the maximum temperature of 8000 - 10000 C is
generated .
 The diagram of this typical solar thermal plant is shown in
Fig. 1.
 The synthetic oil is used for producing super-heated high
pressure steam which drives the turbine to generate electrical
energy

10. SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT
Fig. 1. Diagram of Parabolic Dish STPP (1.solar collector; 2.
Receiver; 3.Heat Exchanger; 4, 4’.Heat Storages; 5. Steam Generator;
6.Turbine; 7. Alternator; 8. Condenser)

11. CHARACTERISTICS OF STPP
 The characteristics of solar intensity, energy stored in the hot
tank, and electric power output as functions of time of day are
shown in Fig. 2.
 The STPP starts collecting thermal energy after sunrise and
stores it in the hot tank throughout the day.
 When the field energy production is insufficient compared to
the operating schedule the storage energy is used balance out
the missing from the field.
 Due to the storage system, power output from the alternator
remains constant through fluctuations in solar intensity and
until all of the energy stored in the hot tank is depleted.
 Since the storage capacity is limited the STPP cannot supply
electrical energy continuously.

12. So energy storage plays an important role for the successful
operation of STPP and working fluids are reliable media to
be the key of the cost effective energy storage system.
Fig 2. Characteristics of STPP

13. Solar Thermal Hybrid Power Plant
• The biomass supported STHPP can contribute to generate
electrical energy continuously after sunset or in the case of
disappearance of solar radiation. The diagram of hybrid plant
is shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Solar thermal power plant with an auxiliary boiler
(1. Receiver; 2. Auxiliary boiler ; 3.Heat Exchanger; 4, 4/.Heat
Storage; 5.Steam Generator; 6. Turbine; 7. Alternator;
8. Condenser; 9. Deaerator; 10. Steam Storage)

14. In the case of insufficient solar irradiation biomass plant
contributes to operate the STHPP for continuous operation.
 The fuel will be provided from the biomass plant to heat water
of auxiliary boiler, producing steam which will drive steam
turbine to generate electricity.
 The auxiliary boiler ensures to maintain rated parameters of
steam of the STHPP.
 The characteristics of STHPP are shown in Fig. 4. The storage
energy of STHPP will remain approximately constant during
24 hours time of day. So, biomass supported STHPP with
auxiliary boiler generates electrical energy stably and
continuously.

15. Due to variability of solar thermal energy, solar thermal storage
energy can be used for a short period and for a long period
biomass fuel can be used for the continuous operation of the
hybrid plant.
Fig 4. Characteristics of STHPP with auxiliary boiler

16. Thermo solar Borges is the first concentrated solar power
(CSP) biomass hybrid power plant in the world.

17. It is located in Spain, and is the first hybridisation power plant
that mixes thermo-electric power source with that of biomass.
 The plant runs 24 hours a day by using solar power during the
day and biomass during the night.
 It is expected to generate 22.5MW of electricity per year,
which is sufficient to supply for approximately 27,000
households.
 The CSP-biomass plant extends in an area of 96 acres and
comprises of solar block and biomass block. The solar block
utilises parabolic troughs with thermal oil to generate power,
while the biomass block uses biomass, agricultural waste and
supplemental natural gas as fuel.

18. Advantages
• The main advantage of the STHPP system is that auxiliary
boiler uses biomass fuel, producing steam for continuous and
stable operation of STHPP and ensures 100% uses of
renewable sources to generate electricity.
• So, no consumption of fossil fuel is needed in electricity
generation that will contribute to reduce the environmental
pollution and increase the efficiency of the STHPP.
• When the parameters of steam cannot reach the rated value at
the exit of receiver in insufficient solar radiation, then biomass
plant starts to operate. The steam from receiver mixes with the
steam of auxiliary boiler and so the mixed steam reaches to the
rated value at the exit of receiver.

19. CONCLUSION
 The STHPP is a promising way for the large scale electricity
generation using solar thermal energy.
 The combined operation of biomass and solar thermal plant
could be one of the most important modes to use the solar
thermal and biomass power in the future.
 The storage system of STHPP contributes to save biomass
fuel that will increase the overall efficiency of the plant.
 The biomass supported STHPP is one of the most important
steps of generating electrical energy for the stable and
continuous mode of operation.

20. References
[1] D. Mills, "Advances in solar thermal electricity technology,"
Solar Energy, vol. 76(1-3), pp. 19-31, 2004.
[2] T. Lu, et al., "Study on the continuous and stable running
mode of solar Thermal Power Plant," pp. 1-4.
[3] E. Zarza, et al., "The DISS project: direct steam generation in
parabolic trough systems. Operation and maintenance
experience and update on project status," Journal of solar
energy engineering, vol. 124, p. 126, 2002.
[4] M. Zhao, et al., "Feasibility Analysis of Constructing
Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal Power Plant in Inner
Mongolia of China," in Power and Energy Engineering
Conference, 2009. APPEEC 2009. Asia-Pacific, Wuhan, 2009,
pp. 1-4.
[5]" Biomass supported solar thermal hybrid power plant for
continuous electricity generation from renewable sources" by
Shaheen Hasan Chowdhury in Developments in
Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET), 2012 2nd
International Conference on the year 2012.

21. Thank You