The document discusses several key biology concepts including life processes, photosynthesis, plant and animal cells, and cell structures and functions. It defines photosynthesis as the process by which plants, algae and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates. It also describes the main structures of plant and animal cells including the cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts and differences between them. Specialized cell types in plants and animals are outlined with their distinctive features that allow them to perform functions like photosynthesis, gas exchange and nerve signaling.

1. Science (Biology)

2. Life Processes Mrs Gren Ovement to move your body. Espiration getting energy from food Ensitivity detecting changes in the surroundings. Rowth for your body to grow Eproduction making more living things of the same type Xcretion getting rid of waste Utrition taking in and using food

3. Nutrients There are 7 main nutrients needed for the body. Eating a moderate amount of every nutrient is a healthy balanced diet. The 7 nutrients are fat, fibre, minerals, vitamins, protein, carbohydrates, water.

4. Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by living organisms . The raw materials are carbon dioxide and water ; the energy source is sunlight ; and the end-products are oxygen and (energy rich) carbohydrates , for example sucrose , glucose and starch . This process is arguably the most important biochemical pathway, since nearly all life either directly or indirectly depends on it. It is a complex process occurring in higher plants , phytoplankton , algae , as well as bacteria such as cyanobacteria . Photosynthetic organisms are also referred to as photoautotroph . Photosynthesis

5. Plants Plants are a major group of life forms and include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. About 350,000 species of plants, defined as seed plants, bryophytes, ferns and fern allies, are estimated to exist currently. As of 2004, some 287,655 species had been identified, of which 258,650 are flowering and 15,000 bryophytes (see table below). Green plants , sometimes called metaphytes , obtain most of their energy from sunlight via a process called photosynthesis.

6. Cells Humans are multi-cellular animals. We are made of lots of cells, not just one cell. The cells in many multi-cellular animals and plants are specialized, so that they can share out the processes of life. They work together like a team to support the different processes in an organism. You should be able to work out special features of a cell from a drawing, if you are told what the cell can do. The tables below show examples of some specialized animal and plant cells, with their functions and special features.

7. Cells And Their Functions Long tail for swimming head for getting in to the female cell To reach female cell and join with it Sperm cell Large contains lots of cytoplasm To join with male cell and then to provide food for the new cells that’s been formed Egg cell Long connections at each end can carry electrical signals To carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body Nerve cell Large surface area for oxygen to pass through To carry oxygen Red blood cells Special features Function Type of animal cell

8. Animal Cells Large surface area lots of cytoplasm To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis Leaf cell Large surface area To absorb water and minerals Root hair cell Special features Function Types of plant cell

9. Animal Cells And Plant Cells Animal cells and plant cells both contain: cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus Plant cells only also contain: chloroplasts vacuole cell wall

10. Cell Parts Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell Cell wall Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the cell firm Vacuole Where photosynthesis happens – chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Chloroplast Controls what happens inside the cell-it is not a brain Nucleus Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen. In plant cells there's a thin lining, whereas in animal cells most of the cell is in cytoplasm. Cytoplasm Controls substances can get in to and out of the cell Cell membrane Function Part