All living things share seven characteristics:
1. They are made of cells (unicellular or multicellular) and reproduce their kind (DNA passing traits to offspring).
2. They grow and develop according to their life cycles, and obtain and use energy through metabolism.
3. In response to environmental stimuli, living things maintain homeostasis through feedback mechanisms like regulating temperature.
4. Over time, living things evolve through genetic variations and adaptations that enhance survival.
Levels of organization life.
Atome-molecules-cells-tissues-organ-system-organism to the ecospehere.
With interactives exercises for the classroom lesson.
www. biodeluna.wordpress.com/
Mr Exham IGCSE - Cell Differentiation and Organisationmrexham
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about cell differentiation and organisation. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
A Level Biology - Classification and Biodiversitymrexham
This is a PowerPoint presentation for Topic 3 in the Edexcel Biology B A Level course that starts in 2015.
This is a free sample, the full PowerPoint presentation is available to purchase here: https://sellfy.com/MrExham
Levels of organization life.
Atome-molecules-cells-tissues-organ-system-organism to the ecospehere.
With interactives exercises for the classroom lesson.
www. biodeluna.wordpress.com/
Mr Exham IGCSE - Cell Differentiation and Organisationmrexham
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about cell differentiation and organisation. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
A Level Biology - Classification and Biodiversitymrexham
This is a PowerPoint presentation for Topic 3 in the Edexcel Biology B A Level course that starts in 2015.
This is a free sample, the full PowerPoint presentation is available to purchase here: https://sellfy.com/MrExham
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about classification in the variety of living organisms section. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
Discover about the Characteristics of Living Things:
Cellular Organization
Genetic Control
Reproduction
Growth
Metabolism
Adaptation
Sensitivity/Response
Movement
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
This is a presentation designed to help explain the section of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course about classification in the variety of living organisms section. For more help with IGCSE Biology please visit mrexham.com
Discover about the Characteristics of Living Things:
Cellular Organization
Genetic Control
Reproduction
Growth
Metabolism
Adaptation
Sensitivity/Response
Movement
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
What are the characteristics of lifeSolutionAnswerChatac.pdfdonohovalentinj6
What are the characteristics of life?
Solution
Answer:
Chatacteristics of life:
(1) Growth: All living organisms grow, but it is not the defining feature of organisms. It is
because non living things, such as a sand dune can grow over time due to accumulation of more
sand particles on it. Growth in living organisms are intrinsic (from inside) while those of non
living things are extrinsic (from outside). More specifically, intrinsic growth is the defining
feature of an organism. In unicellular organisms, growth and reproduction are synonymous.
(2) Metabolism: All living organisms metabolise, that is they undergo varieties of biochemical
reactions in the body, both to synthesize and degrade macromolecules. The sum total of the
catabolic and anabolic processes in the body is called metabolism. It is the defining feature of
living organisms.
(3) Cellular organisation: All living organisms have cellular architecture, be it a multicelluar
organism like humans or unicellular like a bacterium. The cell contains DNA which carries all
the necessary informations to make the proteins required for carrying out biological functions. It
is also a defining feature of living beings.
(4) Reproduction: Living organisms are characterized by the ability to reproduce. But, it is not a
defining feature of living organisms. For example, infertile couples, worker bees and mules
cannot reproduce but are living.
(5) Conciousness: This is another defining feature of living things. Conciousness is the ability of
an organism to respond to changes in its environment, more specifically to external stimuli.
Human beings are the only organisms to have self conciousness.
(6) Energy: Living things take energy for their growth and functions.
(7) Homeostasis: It is the process of maintaining a constant balance in the internal environment
of the body and plays a crucial role in sustaining life..
Katari Lebron
Student ID# AC1206834
SC160.3.1 Basic Biology
Assignment 3_03
08/25/14
TITLE: Discuss the properties of life, basic chemical terminology, and molecules and compounds of a cell necessary for life.
Biology is the scientific study of life. It’s a subject that enormous scope and increases all the time. Which leads to many questions like: What is life? Or, let me put it to you this way, what distinguishes living things from non-living? Properties of Life: All living organisms share several key characteristics and/or function. Here you will find seven properties of life: order, response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energyprocessing. If we analyze these seven characteristics we realize that it serves to define life. I’m going to start off by showing you what each property represents and the important role it plays in life.
(1).Order. Organisms are highly organized, coordinated structures that consist of one or more cells. Even very simple, single-celled organisms are remarkably complex: inside each cell, atoms make up molecules; these in turn make up cell organelles and other cellular inclusions. In multicellular organisms, similar cells form tissues. Tissues, in turn, collaborate to create organs (body structures with a distinct function). Organs work together to form organ systems. (2).
Response to the environment. Organisms can respond to diverse stimuli. For example, plants can grow toward a source of light, climb on fences and walls, or respond to touch. Even tiny bacteria can move toward or away from chemicals (a process called chemo taxis) or light (photo taxis). Movement toward a stimulus is considered a positive response, while movement away from a stimulus is considered a negative response. (3). Reproduction. Single-celled organisms reproduce by first duplicating their DNA. They then divide it equally as the cell prepares to divide to form two new cells. Multicellular organisms often produce specialized reproductive germ line cells that will form new individuals. When reproduction occurs, genes containing DNA are passed along to an organism's offspring. These genes ensure that the offspring will belong to the same species and will have similar characteristics, such as size and shape. (4). Growth and Development. All organisms grow and develop following specific instructions coded for by their genes. These genes provide instructions that will direct cellular growth and development, ensuring that a species' young will grow up to exhibit many of the same characteristics as its parents. (5).Regulation. Even the smallest organisms are complex and require multiple regulatory mechanisms to coordinate internal functions, respond to stimuli, and cope with environmental stresses. Two examples of internal functions regulated in an organism are nutrient transport and blood flow. Organs (groups of tissues working together) perform specific functions, such as carrying oxygen ...
CBSE Class 11 Biology Sample ebook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
4. Studying Life
Nonliving things (abiotic)
may share some features in
common with living things
(biotic), but only living things
show ALL of the
characteristics of life.
6. Studying Life
An organism is any one
individual living thing. There
is a huge diversity of
organisms on Earth.
7. What
characteristics
do all living
things have in
common?
How to remember the 7 characteristics
of living things……
MR GOR Hates Cheese!
M: Made of cells
R: Reproduce (DNA)
G: Grow/Develop
O: Obtain/use energy
R: Respond to environment
H: Homeostasis
C: Change over time (evolve)
Memory
Helper
8. 1)All living thing are made of one or
more cells. (1)
The cell is the basic unit of life that can
carry out life processes.(2)
All cells come from pre-existing cells
(3).
These three statements compose the
CELLTHEORY.
9. 1) Living things
are …..
Made ofCells
Unicellular: These organisms are made up of only
ONE cell
o Unicellular organisms must accomplish all life
activities within one cell.
o Example: bacteria, amoeba
Multicellular: These organisms are made up of
MORE than one cell.
o In multicellular organisms, cells must work
together to accomplish the organism’s life
processes.
o Example: animals, plants
10. Human body
has over 85
different cells?
Turn to your
partner and list
some.
Single celled
(unicellular) organisms
make up MOST of
organism on the
Earth.
They have everything
they need to be self
sufficient.
In multi-cellular
organisms, the cells
specialize to perform
specific functions.
11.
12. 2 types of cells
exist on the
Earth
–Prokaryotic cells
–Simple and small
–NO nucleus
–Example: Bacteria
–Eukaryotic cells
–Possess organelles separated by
membranes
–Nucleus
–Examples: Plants, animals, fungi
and protist
15. LIVING
THINGS
2) Reproduce
Members of a species must have the ability to
produce new individuals, or reproduce.
Reproduction is NOT essential for the survival
of an individual, but IS essential for the survival
of the species.
16. LIVING
THINGS
2) Reproduce
The purpose of reproduction is the passing of
deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA).
DNA is the universal code that helps to make
proteins.
What is heredity?
The passing of the genetic code
(DNA) from parent to offspring.
22. In your notes – record a new vocabulary
word & definition.
Also, record any questions that you may
have.
23. Living things:
4)Obtain and
use energy!
All organisms need a source of energy
(sun) for their life processes. Energy is
the ability to cause an change or to do
work.
Metabolism is the combination of
chemical reactions through which an
organism builds up or breaks down
materials.
Examples: digestion, movement,
reproduction, etc.
24. All living things
fit into one of
these categories
depending on
which way they
obtain energy.
1. Autotrophs: (producers):
organisms that are able to capture
energy from the sun or chemicals
and convert that energy to chemical
energy stored in sugar.
Examples:
25. All living things
fit into one of
these categories
depending on
which way they
obtain energy.
2. Heterotrophs: (consumers):
organisms that are obtain energy by
consuming other living things
Examples:
27. Living things:
5) Respond to
the
Environment
A STIMULUS is a signal to which an
organism responds.
Examples:
a. How do you respond to light when you
leave a dark room?
b.How do plants respond to sunlight?
c.What does a blowfish do when
threatened by a predator?
28.
29. 5) Respond to
the
Environment
Read the following statements and label the events as stimulus
or response.
1. Shark swims toward the direction of the
smell of blood.
2. Human blushes due to embarrassing
comment.
3. A bat hears the flapping wings of an insect.
4. A person jerks hand away from a hot stove.
5. A dog chases a running rabbit.
Stimulus
Stimulus
Stimulus
Stimulus
Stimulus
Response
Response
Response
Response
30. Living things:
6) Maintain
homeostasis
Responding to their environment allows
living things to maintain homeostasis.
Homeostasis: The ability of cells, tissues,
and organisms to maintain a stable
internal environment.
**Homeostasis is about trying to stay
the same inside, no matter what goes on
outside!
32. Organisms maintain homeostasis through the
use of feedback mechanisms.
Example:
A) regulation of body temperature:
When it is cold, humans _________________
When it is hot, humans _________________
WHY??
shiver
sweat
To keep our internal
temperature about 98.60F
33. Other Examples of Homeostasis:
B) Regulation of blood sugar levels
C) Regulation of water balance in the
blood
34. Living things:
7)Change over
time
As a group, living things evolve, or change
over time.
Organisms pass on traits from one
generation to another by their DNA.
Variations in traits are caused by mutation
or changes in the DNA code.
Certain variations may enhance an
organism’s ability to survive and reproduce
– these traits are referred to as
adaptations.
37. Summarizer
List 3 characteristics of life
List 2 things about one of the
characteristic
List 2 example and the
characteristics it represents
MR GOR Hates Cheese!
