The present investigation was conducted from May to December 2005 at Kumira, the representative area of Chittagong coast for bio-socioeconomic analysis of ESBN fishery. In catch composition of Kumira, it was observed that finfish occupied 77.03 %, shrimp 19.82 % and crab 3.15 % and the average catch per boat per day were found 16.6 kg in Kumira. The highest total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in October at Kumira. The lowest catch was found (2 kg) in August at Kumira. The average total catch per landing center per month was found 14805 kg at Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira and the average cost per boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in the study area. Average sale per month was found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira. During the month July and August most of the fishermen were engaged in Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net resulting the total catch was with ESBN lowest in those months.
Marketing channels of mud crab (Scylla serrata) at Nijhum Dwip, Noakhali, Ban...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to assess the marketing and value chain of crab from Nijhum Dwip Island in Noakhali region during July 2015 to December 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interview and tools of participatory rural appraisal such as focus group discussion. The Meghna estuary, tidal rivers and mangroves were the main sources of crab. Local people including the fishermen can collect the crabs and crab lets. The grading system varied depending on sex and size of the crab. The highest average price was found to be 200 BDT/kg for FF1 grade of female while the minimum price was found to be 500 BDT/kg for XXL grade of male. Crabs were mainly available in April, May, June, July, August, September, and October. It was found that 70% crab catchers were from the age group of 12-28 years, which were the main working force in the society. In the study area, 60% of the crab marketers had monthly income of BDT 9,000-20,000, the farmers living conditions were not up to the mark but the survey suggests that most of the crab marketers and exporters increased their income level. If crab fattening can be established, training can be provided, institutional and policy support can be offered to the farmers and good marketing facilities can be developed, crab can be an alternative source of income and sustainable livelihood for the coastal poor people.
Digestive enzyme activities in four diverse small indigenous fish species fro...Open Access Research Paper
Small indigenous fish species (SIFs) are important source of protein and micronutrients for the local population and hence considered as potential for aquaculture expansion. Pethia conchonius, Glossogobius giuris, Nandus nandus and Trichogaster fasciata are such SIFs found in Sareswar beel of Kokrajhar, Assam, India. This is an important beel with potential for development of fisheries in the region. Information on the food habit and digestive physiology are important in understanding the nutritional biology of a fish species essential for designing appropriate diet and feeding strategy for its successful culture. The present investigation aims to study and compare the feeding habit and digestive enzyme profile of these species. Relative gut length data suggested that P. conchonius and T. fasciata were herbivores, while N. nandus and G. giuris were omnivore and carnivore, respectively. Ga.SI varied in all the species (2.65 ± 1.39 to 4.66 ± 2.14) and the result indicated good or high feeding intensity in all the species. The highest amylase and lipase activity was observed in T. fasciata, and significantly lower activity was recorded in G. giuris and N. nandus, respectively. Pepsin was found to be highest in N. nandus while total protease was greatest in P. conchonius. Plasticity in the food intake in the natural environment seems to influence the enzyme activities. The present study has established vital information on the digestive enzyme properties and feeding nature of the four SIFs which may be useful in the development of suitable feed for their mass production for their successful culture.
First record of invasive croaking gourami, Trichopsis vittata (Cuvier 1831) ...Shoaibe H T Shefat
this study aimed to investigate the biology, source of introduction, impacts on native fish biodiversity and spreading pattern of this croaking gourami to develop proper conservation
strategy and implementation of a systematic approach.
Contribution of aquaculture on livelihood development of fish farmer at Noakh...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to assess the contribution of aquaculture on livelihood status of fish farmer at Noakhali sadar upazila. This research work was carried out during the period of February 2013 to July 2013. A total of 50 fish farmers were interviewed with a well-structured questionnaire. The survey revealed that average pond size was 0.48 ha with 40% of the farmers having ponds of single ownership, 20% having ponds of multiple-ownership, 30% having ponds of single lease and 10% having ponds of multiple leases. Poly culture of Indian major carps and exotic carps has been practiced by most of the farmers. Fish fingerlings were stocked from April to June and average stocking density was 12,370 fingerlings/ha. The average fish production cost was Tk 69,870/ha/yr. Although the living condition of the rural fish farmers were poor, livelihood outcomes were found positive and 88% of the farmers have improved their socioeconomic conditions through fish farming. The gross income and net profit were Tk. 1, 06,400 and Tk. 1, 00,000/ha/yr respectively. The average monthly income was in range of BDT 15,000-25,000. Their basic need like food, cloth, house, education and medical facility had changed after fish farming. The households have broadly improved their food consumption, family education, standards of living, purchasing power, choice and economic ability through fish farming. The constraints for sustainable pond fish farming in the areas were lack of technical knowledge of the farmers, disease of fishes, multiple ownership of the pond, higher production cost (mainly seeds and feed), insufficient supply of fry and fingerlings, lack of money and credit facilities and inadequate extension services. It is therefore essential to provide the necessary training facilities with institutional and organizational supports, credit facilities and extension services for sustainable fish production and livelihoods of rural fish farmers.
Growth and production performance of Vietnamese koi (Anabas testudineus) with...AbdullaAlAsif1
A culture experiment was conducted to see the growth and production performance of Vietnamese koi (Anabas testudineus) with Magur (Clarias batrachus) at different stocking densities in a farmer's ponds under semi-intensive rearing system for a period of 120 days. The experiment was conducted in three ponds at Rahmatpur of Muktagachha Upazila of Mymensingh district from 5 August to 5 December, 2013. The size of ponds were 24 (T 1), 24 (T 2) and 24 (T 3) decimal with an average depth of 4 feet. Three different stocking densities were tested, namely treatments T 1 (400 fish /decimal, 350 Vietnamese koi and 50 magur); T 2 (450 fish /decimal, 400 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur) and T 3 (550 fish /decimal, 500 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur). Ruposhi Bangla feed was used in all treatments two times daily from the beginning of the fry stocking. The initial weight of Vietnamese koi and Magur were 5±0.00 g and 2±0.00 g respectively. The initial length of Vietnamese koi and Magur were 2.54 and 3.50 cm respectively. The average highest final weight gain of Vietnamese koi was (138.71±0.03 g) observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (135.65±0.12 g) and T 3 (129.29±0.49 g). Similarly, the average highest final weight gain of Magur (76.00±0.58 g) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (68.36±0.43 g) and T 3 (62.61±0.58 g) respectively. The average highest final length gain of Vietnamese koi (17.38±0.05 cm) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (17.00±0.04 cm) and T 3 (16.33±0.03 cm). Similarly, the average highest final length gain of Magur (21.30±0.09 cm) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (17.00±0.05 cm) and T 3 (15.87±0.02 cm) respectively. The survival rate of the stocking Vietnamese koi and Magur were recorded 95.14 and 72.00 % in T 1 ; 93.25 and 64.00% in T 2 ; 90.80 and 68.00 % in T 3 respectively. Fish production in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 were 48.93; 52.79 and 60.83 kg/decimal/120 days, respectively. The total production of T 3 was increased with the increasing of stocking density compare to T 2 and T1. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was higher in T 3 where BCR was 1.67 and on the other two treatments BCR was 1.53 in T 2 and 1.52 in T 1 although the highest production was obtained in T 3 but individually growth performance of Vietnamese koi and Magur were higher in T 1. Based on the result of the present experiment, farmers could be suggested to rear Vietnamese koi with Magur at the stocking density of 550 fish/decimal (500 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur) which was the highest density tried to get more production and financial benefit. Further experiment need to be conducted by taking higher density than the 550 fish/decimal for the optimization of stocking density to get more production and benefit.
Fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh: an overview of the present s...Premier Publishers
Fisheries sector in Bangladesh represents as one of the most productive and dynamic sectors in the country. This sector plays a significant role in food security, employment, and foreign exchange earnings in the economy. At present agricultural transformation is taking place in Bangladesh. With the changes of farming system, farmers have started to shift their crop land to aquaculture as they considered it more profitable compared to rice production. The production of inland fisheries represents an increasing trend since 1989-90 with a growth rate of around 5-7%. Similarly, marine fisheries have also shown an increasing trend while a fluctuated growth rate has emerged in this sub sector. The fisheries sector in the 21st century is facing the challenges of food security for the increasing population, habitat degradation, urbanization, and industrial development. Development of responsible fisheries management and optimal use of water bodies can address those challenges. Since fishery is a productive growth sector in Bangladesh, it has high potential to contribute in the socioeconomic development of the country.
Performances of resource poor households in aquaculture practices in sadar up...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to evaluate the performances of resource poor farmers in fish farming at their homestead ponds in Sadar Upazila under Meherpur district from July to October 2015. Participatory Rural Appraisal tools such as questionnaire interview, cross check interview and secondary information were used to assess the performances in aquaculture activities. Thirty pond fish farmers were purposively selected, among them 10, 5, 5, and 10 participants were involved with carp-mola, carp-tilapia and carp-shing polyculture and vietnam koi mono-culture respectively. The result showed that the majority of the farmers (33.33%) had 51-100 decimal cultivable land followed by 20 and 16.67% participants who possessed 151-200 and >300 decimal of land respectively. It was found that the highest percentage of participants (73.33%) primary occupation was agriculture followed by fish farming (3.33%). A majority of the farmers (53.33%) started fish farming only before 1-5 years influenced by the positive result of fish culture by the villagers and 20% each have started before 6-10 and 11-15 years back. Only 6.67% farmers started fish culture in 16 years before who were the pioneers of fish farming in the region. The average pond size in the area was found 15 decimal with a range of 7 to 35. Before starting fish culture all the farmers got training and inputs support for fish culture from a local NGO called Daridra Bimochon Sangstha (DBS). Prior to start fish farming all of the farmers followed standard procedure of pond preparation and fish fry release in their ponds. Majority farmers (90%) applied homemade feed, whereas rest applied commercial feed to their fish. By contrast, 90% farmers used to feed their fish and rest was reluctant to provide feed to the fish. Almost twenty seven percent respondents annual income was between BDT 61,000 to 80,000 followed by 20 and 10% whose income was 100000-150000 and >150000 BDT per year. During the culture operation, farmers usually had some problems such as pond drying, disease outbreak, dike erosion, shade of tree over the ponds, theft, snakes eating the fish etc.
Marketing channels of mud crab (Scylla serrata) at Nijhum Dwip, Noakhali, Ban...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to assess the marketing and value chain of crab from Nijhum Dwip Island in Noakhali region during July 2015 to December 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interview and tools of participatory rural appraisal such as focus group discussion. The Meghna estuary, tidal rivers and mangroves were the main sources of crab. Local people including the fishermen can collect the crabs and crab lets. The grading system varied depending on sex and size of the crab. The highest average price was found to be 200 BDT/kg for FF1 grade of female while the minimum price was found to be 500 BDT/kg for XXL grade of male. Crabs were mainly available in April, May, June, July, August, September, and October. It was found that 70% crab catchers were from the age group of 12-28 years, which were the main working force in the society. In the study area, 60% of the crab marketers had monthly income of BDT 9,000-20,000, the farmers living conditions were not up to the mark but the survey suggests that most of the crab marketers and exporters increased their income level. If crab fattening can be established, training can be provided, institutional and policy support can be offered to the farmers and good marketing facilities can be developed, crab can be an alternative source of income and sustainable livelihood for the coastal poor people.
Digestive enzyme activities in four diverse small indigenous fish species fro...Open Access Research Paper
Small indigenous fish species (SIFs) are important source of protein and micronutrients for the local population and hence considered as potential for aquaculture expansion. Pethia conchonius, Glossogobius giuris, Nandus nandus and Trichogaster fasciata are such SIFs found in Sareswar beel of Kokrajhar, Assam, India. This is an important beel with potential for development of fisheries in the region. Information on the food habit and digestive physiology are important in understanding the nutritional biology of a fish species essential for designing appropriate diet and feeding strategy for its successful culture. The present investigation aims to study and compare the feeding habit and digestive enzyme profile of these species. Relative gut length data suggested that P. conchonius and T. fasciata were herbivores, while N. nandus and G. giuris were omnivore and carnivore, respectively. Ga.SI varied in all the species (2.65 ± 1.39 to 4.66 ± 2.14) and the result indicated good or high feeding intensity in all the species. The highest amylase and lipase activity was observed in T. fasciata, and significantly lower activity was recorded in G. giuris and N. nandus, respectively. Pepsin was found to be highest in N. nandus while total protease was greatest in P. conchonius. Plasticity in the food intake in the natural environment seems to influence the enzyme activities. The present study has established vital information on the digestive enzyme properties and feeding nature of the four SIFs which may be useful in the development of suitable feed for their mass production for their successful culture.
First record of invasive croaking gourami, Trichopsis vittata (Cuvier 1831) ...Shoaibe H T Shefat
this study aimed to investigate the biology, source of introduction, impacts on native fish biodiversity and spreading pattern of this croaking gourami to develop proper conservation
strategy and implementation of a systematic approach.
Contribution of aquaculture on livelihood development of fish farmer at Noakh...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to assess the contribution of aquaculture on livelihood status of fish farmer at Noakhali sadar upazila. This research work was carried out during the period of February 2013 to July 2013. A total of 50 fish farmers were interviewed with a well-structured questionnaire. The survey revealed that average pond size was 0.48 ha with 40% of the farmers having ponds of single ownership, 20% having ponds of multiple-ownership, 30% having ponds of single lease and 10% having ponds of multiple leases. Poly culture of Indian major carps and exotic carps has been practiced by most of the farmers. Fish fingerlings were stocked from April to June and average stocking density was 12,370 fingerlings/ha. The average fish production cost was Tk 69,870/ha/yr. Although the living condition of the rural fish farmers were poor, livelihood outcomes were found positive and 88% of the farmers have improved their socioeconomic conditions through fish farming. The gross income and net profit were Tk. 1, 06,400 and Tk. 1, 00,000/ha/yr respectively. The average monthly income was in range of BDT 15,000-25,000. Their basic need like food, cloth, house, education and medical facility had changed after fish farming. The households have broadly improved their food consumption, family education, standards of living, purchasing power, choice and economic ability through fish farming. The constraints for sustainable pond fish farming in the areas were lack of technical knowledge of the farmers, disease of fishes, multiple ownership of the pond, higher production cost (mainly seeds and feed), insufficient supply of fry and fingerlings, lack of money and credit facilities and inadequate extension services. It is therefore essential to provide the necessary training facilities with institutional and organizational supports, credit facilities and extension services for sustainable fish production and livelihoods of rural fish farmers.
Growth and production performance of Vietnamese koi (Anabas testudineus) with...AbdullaAlAsif1
A culture experiment was conducted to see the growth and production performance of Vietnamese koi (Anabas testudineus) with Magur (Clarias batrachus) at different stocking densities in a farmer's ponds under semi-intensive rearing system for a period of 120 days. The experiment was conducted in three ponds at Rahmatpur of Muktagachha Upazila of Mymensingh district from 5 August to 5 December, 2013. The size of ponds were 24 (T 1), 24 (T 2) and 24 (T 3) decimal with an average depth of 4 feet. Three different stocking densities were tested, namely treatments T 1 (400 fish /decimal, 350 Vietnamese koi and 50 magur); T 2 (450 fish /decimal, 400 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur) and T 3 (550 fish /decimal, 500 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur). Ruposhi Bangla feed was used in all treatments two times daily from the beginning of the fry stocking. The initial weight of Vietnamese koi and Magur were 5±0.00 g and 2±0.00 g respectively. The initial length of Vietnamese koi and Magur were 2.54 and 3.50 cm respectively. The average highest final weight gain of Vietnamese koi was (138.71±0.03 g) observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (135.65±0.12 g) and T 3 (129.29±0.49 g). Similarly, the average highest final weight gain of Magur (76.00±0.58 g) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (68.36±0.43 g) and T 3 (62.61±0.58 g) respectively. The average highest final length gain of Vietnamese koi (17.38±0.05 cm) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (17.00±0.04 cm) and T 3 (16.33±0.03 cm). Similarly, the average highest final length gain of Magur (21.30±0.09 cm) was observed in T 1 and followed by T 2 (17.00±0.05 cm) and T 3 (15.87±0.02 cm) respectively. The survival rate of the stocking Vietnamese koi and Magur were recorded 95.14 and 72.00 % in T 1 ; 93.25 and 64.00% in T 2 ; 90.80 and 68.00 % in T 3 respectively. Fish production in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 were 48.93; 52.79 and 60.83 kg/decimal/120 days, respectively. The total production of T 3 was increased with the increasing of stocking density compare to T 2 and T1. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was higher in T 3 where BCR was 1.67 and on the other two treatments BCR was 1.53 in T 2 and 1.52 in T 1 although the highest production was obtained in T 3 but individually growth performance of Vietnamese koi and Magur were higher in T 1. Based on the result of the present experiment, farmers could be suggested to rear Vietnamese koi with Magur at the stocking density of 550 fish/decimal (500 Vietnamese koi and 50 Magur) which was the highest density tried to get more production and financial benefit. Further experiment need to be conducted by taking higher density than the 550 fish/decimal for the optimization of stocking density to get more production and benefit.
Fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh: an overview of the present s...Premier Publishers
Fisheries sector in Bangladesh represents as one of the most productive and dynamic sectors in the country. This sector plays a significant role in food security, employment, and foreign exchange earnings in the economy. At present agricultural transformation is taking place in Bangladesh. With the changes of farming system, farmers have started to shift their crop land to aquaculture as they considered it more profitable compared to rice production. The production of inland fisheries represents an increasing trend since 1989-90 with a growth rate of around 5-7%. Similarly, marine fisheries have also shown an increasing trend while a fluctuated growth rate has emerged in this sub sector. The fisheries sector in the 21st century is facing the challenges of food security for the increasing population, habitat degradation, urbanization, and industrial development. Development of responsible fisheries management and optimal use of water bodies can address those challenges. Since fishery is a productive growth sector in Bangladesh, it has high potential to contribute in the socioeconomic development of the country.
Performances of resource poor households in aquaculture practices in sadar up...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to evaluate the performances of resource poor farmers in fish farming at their homestead ponds in Sadar Upazila under Meherpur district from July to October 2015. Participatory Rural Appraisal tools such as questionnaire interview, cross check interview and secondary information were used to assess the performances in aquaculture activities. Thirty pond fish farmers were purposively selected, among them 10, 5, 5, and 10 participants were involved with carp-mola, carp-tilapia and carp-shing polyculture and vietnam koi mono-culture respectively. The result showed that the majority of the farmers (33.33%) had 51-100 decimal cultivable land followed by 20 and 16.67% participants who possessed 151-200 and >300 decimal of land respectively. It was found that the highest percentage of participants (73.33%) primary occupation was agriculture followed by fish farming (3.33%). A majority of the farmers (53.33%) started fish farming only before 1-5 years influenced by the positive result of fish culture by the villagers and 20% each have started before 6-10 and 11-15 years back. Only 6.67% farmers started fish culture in 16 years before who were the pioneers of fish farming in the region. The average pond size in the area was found 15 decimal with a range of 7 to 35. Before starting fish culture all the farmers got training and inputs support for fish culture from a local NGO called Daridra Bimochon Sangstha (DBS). Prior to start fish farming all of the farmers followed standard procedure of pond preparation and fish fry release in their ponds. Majority farmers (90%) applied homemade feed, whereas rest applied commercial feed to their fish. By contrast, 90% farmers used to feed their fish and rest was reluctant to provide feed to the fish. Almost twenty seven percent respondents annual income was between BDT 61,000 to 80,000 followed by 20 and 10% whose income was 100000-150000 and >150000 BDT per year. During the culture operation, farmers usually had some problems such as pond drying, disease outbreak, dike erosion, shade of tree over the ponds, theft, snakes eating the fish etc.
Prospectives and Problems of Conservation, Development and Management of Clam...ijtsrd
Bhatye estuary, Ratnagiri is known for its mussel and clam fishery. Clam fishery is primarily supported by Meretrix meretrix, Katelysia opima and Paphia laterisulea. The clam fishery lasts for about 8 – 10 months. During lean period of open sea fishery, it provides protein rich food and livelihood to local population... Its shells are utilized as raw material in lime and cement cottage industries. Considering its food and economic value they are over exploited. In the present study, economic and food value of clams, clam fishery, management and conservation aspects are discussed. Sanjay Kumbhar "Prospectives and Problems of Conservation, Development and Management of Clam Resource in the Bhatye Estuary Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30593.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/30593/prospectives-and-problems-of-conservation-development-and-management-of-clam-resource-in-the-bhatye-estuary-ratnagiri-maharashtra-india/sanjay-kumbhar
Socio economic status of fry collectors at Sundarban regionAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted on the livelihood approach of fry collectors at Shyamnagar upazila under Satkhira district. The objective of the study was to assess the present livelihood status, to identify the socio-economic condition and problem associated with the alternative livelihood approach of fry collectors. The survey was conducted on three unions of Shyamnagar upazila adjacent to Sundarban as study area. In the study area average family size was 5 persons per family. The maximum age level was 20-30 years old. Among the fry collectors 66% was male and 34% was female. Among them 62% was Muslim and 38% was Hindu. About 78% of total fry collectors are landless in the study area. Literacy was 31% of them where female literacy was 28% and male literacy was 72% and most of them can sign only. Most of the collectors about 63% lived in mud walled with golpata shed house. About 73% families have two earner and 68% have single family. Peak season of fry collection was March to May. For collecting fry they use push net, set bag net mainly. They collect fry in the early morning and in early evening for about 6-8 hours. Men collect 150-200 pieces of fry per day in peak season and 40-60 pieces of fry by women. Price varies from 800-3500 Tk. per thousand golda fry. Price is higher in the month on March-May. About 52% collectors engaged in fishing during off season as alternative income source. Their preferable alternative income source are sustainable agriculture, fry nursing, poultry farming, planned fish cultivation, cattle and goat rearing etc. The main problem of converting of fry collection to other profession was lack of other training of other works, lack of capital, poor infrastructure.facilities, absence of industrialization, lack of land, government and NGO level work is very limited.
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Impact of stocking common carp (Cyprinus carpio) on production in some select...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in three seasonal beels in Gacha union under Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district during the period from June 2015 to January 2016. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of stocking common carp on the abundance and biodiversity of native fish species in seasonal beels. Three seasonal beels such as Baroholai, Makhna and Buridha which were connected with Turag River through different canals were selected to implement the study. Baroholai and Makhna beel were stocked with common carp fingerlings at 2500 per hectare. Buridha beel served as control. Necessary data were collected from the fishermen and lease holders of the concern beel through using structured questionnaire by survey method. A total of 42-43 species of fishes were recorded from stocked beel as against of 43 species in control beel. Shanon-Weiner diversity index averaged 2.58 in stocked beel as opposed to 2.68 for control beel. The studied beel had medium richness in terms of biodiversity and faunal abundances. Per hectare fish production was 522-577kg in stocked beels as compared to 365kg in control beel. Cyprinidae was the most abundant group contributing to the bulk of fishery yield. Surface feeder took a lead over other groups of fishes in stocked beel as opposed to bottom feeder in case of control beel. Bottom dwelling small catfishes seems to be affected in presence of common carp in the stocked beels. Control beel harboured increased number and quantity of catfishes. Fish productions in the seasonal beels were profitable. Per hectare total cost of fish production averaged tk 34976.67 as against of total gross return of tk 92683.67. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 2.57-3.42 in stocked beel and 2.01 in control beel. Further researches are needed to precisely determine the possible consequences of stocking common carp in seasonal beels.
Distribution and Taxonomic Study of a Newly Recorded Croaking Gourami, Tricho...Shoaibe H T Shefat
this study aimed to enhance our understanding of the taxonomic status, source of introduction, impacts on native fish biodiversity and spreading pattern of this croaking gourami for proper management and conservation in Bangladesh.
Availability and potentiality of small indigenous species of fish throughout ...AbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted with aiming to know the present status of small indigenous fish species (SIS) in Oxbow Lakes/baors and rivers as well as the availability of SIS of fish and their potentiality in the study area. Regular data were collected from some important fish landing center cum markets, Oxbow Lakes and rivers of the study area. The availability of small indigenous species (SIS) of fish declined to a great extent over the years and many of them are rare or endangered due to death of rivers and baors were brought under aquaculture. Besides these, Many of SIS of fish were being increasingly used as trash fish for fish feed purpose. As an over populated country, demand of SIS of fish is increasing day by day. After 1990s almost all Oxbow Lakes have been gradually trying to bring under aquaculture through local community or Department of Fisheries. The most significant message of this study is that, some vulnerable and endangered SIS of fish are locally abundant both in fish landing center, baors and rivers. So they must be conserved for their bioavailability and nutrition throughout the country that would be most intelligent efforts in favor of global ichthyo-biodiversity conservation.
Evolution of fisheries sector in BangladeshMD. ZANE ALAM
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of 147 570 km2 with a population of 160
million people. It is fortunate in having an extensive water resource in the form of ponds,
natural depressions (haors and beels ), lakes, canals, rivers and estuaries covering an area
of 47,03,658 ha .
The present per capita annual fish consumption in Bangladesh stands at about 14 kg/year
against a recommended minimum requirement of 18 kg/year; hence, there is still need to
improve fish consumption in the country.
Fisheries in Bangladesh are diverse, there are about 795 native species of fish and shrimp
in the fresh and marine waters of Bangladesh and 12 exotic species that have been
introduced. In addition, there are 10 species of pearl bearing bivalves, 12 species of
edible tortoise and turtle, 15 species of crab and 3 species of lobster.
Destruction and mitigation.. BY DR. ABHIJIT MITRAAbhijit Mitra
Dr. Abhijit Mitra, Associate Professor and former Head, Dept. of Marine Science, University of Calcutta (INDIA) has been active in the sphere of Oceanography since 1985. He obtained his Ph.D as NET qualified scholar in 1994. Since then he joined Calcutta Port Trust and WWF (World Wide Fund), in various capacities to carry out research programmes on environmental science, biodiversity conservation, climate change and carbon sequestration. Presently Dr. Mitra is serving as the advisor of Oceanography Division of Techno India University, Kolkata. He has to his credit about 388 scientific publications in various National and International journals, and 34 books of postgraduate standards. Dr. Mitra has successfully completed about 16 projects on biodiversity loss in fishery sector, coastal pollution, alternative livelihood, climate change and carbon sequestration. Dr. Mitra also visited as faculty member and invited speakers in several foreign Universities of Singapore, Kenya, Oman and USA. In 2008, Dr. Mitra was invited as visiting fellow at University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, USA to deliver a series of lecture on Climate Change. Dr. Mitra also successfully guided 29 Ph.D students. Presently his domain of expertise includes environmental science, mangrove ecology, sustainable aquaculture, alternative livelihood, climate change and carbon sequestration.
Availability of fish species in fish markets and fish marketing in Noakhali d...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to know the fish markets and marketing practices in Noakhali district for a period of 5 months; November 2014 to March, 2015. Five types of marketing channels were found in this study and most were similar in nature as marketing places were in same town and not far apart. The average cost by a retailer to trade fish was estimated at Tk. 171.6 /day. This cost included rent of trading spot, ice and local transportation. The average income of retailers in three markets was estimated at Tk. 640/day/retailer. It was found that 21% of fish supplied in the markets were carps (Indian and Exotic), 17.3% marine fish, 15.7% hilsa, 12.7% catfish, 11.3% small fish, 11% Tilapia and pungus, 7% others mix species and 4% prawn. It was reported that availability fish species in three different markets round the year ranged from 55 to 72. However, during the study period, a total of 39 fish species under 24 families were found in three markets. It was found that marine fish comprises average 33% and freshwater fish comprises average 67% in the three markets. The price of fish depends on market structure, species quality, size, weight and season. The price of galda and bagda were varied from 580±10 to 560±8 Tk. /kg, and 370±10 to 350±5 Tk. /kg respectively. The price of catla, tilapia, ilish, Thai pangus and silver carp were varied from 390±10 to 360±8 Tk. /kg, 165±5 to 150±8 Tk. /kg, 900±10 to 860±5 Tk. /kg, 140±10 to 125±5 Tk. /kg, and 160±8 to 155±5 Tk./kg, respectively. In Noakhali, around 50-180 retailers were involved in each market. It was found that the daily supply of fish in Municipal market, Datter hat and Sonapur was about 12-13, 7-8 and 2.5-3ton, respectively. Inadequate infrastructure, transportation, shortage of ice in peak season, hygienic condition and packaging facilities were cited as main constraints. It was found that 80% of the fish retailers have improved their livelihood status through fish trading to a certain degree.
India is rich in natural resources and the annual harvestable fishery potential of the country is estimated to be 3.48 million
tones. It is established that the fish biodiversity of the country is diminishing at an alarming rate in all the aquatic zones. The
data on species diversity of fishes from Uran coast revealed presence of 31 species of which 3 species of Chondricthyes
representing 2 genera and 2 families and 28 species of Osteicthyes representing 28 genera and 23 families were recorded. Of the recorded species, 55 % belonged to Order Perciformes, 10 % to Clupeiformes, 6 % each to Rajiformes, Mugiliformes and Anguilliformes, 3 % each to Aulopiformes, Carcharhiniformes, Pleuronectiformes, Siluriformes and Tetraodontiformes. Among the recorded species, ribbon fishes/spiny hair tail (Lepturacanthus savala), croakers (Johnius soldado), dhoma (Sciaena dussumierii) and gold spotted grenadier anchovy (Coilia dussumierii) are abundant where as Bleeker’s whipray (Himantura bleekeri), Sharp nose stingray (H. gerrardi) and Spotted Green Puffer fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) were rare. Stripped mullet (Mugil cephalus), cat fish (Mystus seenghala), three stripped tiger fish (Terapon jarbua) and mudskippers (Boleophthalmus boddarti) were very common. At present, the yield of fin-fish resources from Uran coast is optimum; it is decreasing day by day due to coastal pollution affecting the status of the local fishermen because of which they are looking for other jobs for their livelihood.
Keywords: Fin-fish Resources, Species diversity, JNPT, Uran, Navi Mumbai
Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) of Bivalves in Northwestern Bohol, PhilippinesAI Publications
Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) is a measure of status of marine resource in a given area. In this study, bivalve fishery information was gathered using the self-structured questionnaire. There were 61 respondents who were the registered fishermen of Calape, Tubigon and Clarin. Among the three towns it was Clarin where highest mean CPUE was observed with 1.2kg/hr/man. This was followed by Calape with 0.8kg/hr/man and lowest mean CPUE was recorded in Tubigon with 0.6kg/hr/man. High CPUE value means that there are still enough bivalve resources in the area and lowest CPUE means that these resources are endangered. Considering that, the result of this study showed that there is a need to regulate the collection of bivalves with lower wild stocks to avoid loss of these natural resources.
A comparative study on fish biodiversity with conservation measures of the Bh...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was concerned to assess the present status of biodiversity in the Bhairab river, Jessore with its conservation measures. The study was based on primary observations, questionnaire interviews with 50 fishers, focus group discussions with river bank community members and cross-check interviews with key informants. The study was conducted for a period four months from May to August, 2016. The objective of the study was to assess the fish biodiversity in the Bhairab river, understand the existing fishing practices of the river and to identify proper management strategies for the conservation of fish biodiversity. Results of the study revealed that three kinds of fishers were engaged in the Bhairab river namely, professional fishers; seasonal fishers and subsistence fishers. Seven types of fishing gears like seine net, gill net, cast net, push net, lift net, trap and hook and line were operated to fish by the fishers during the survey. A total of 39 species of fish were identified in the catches of the Bhairab River. There are degraded ecosystems and declining biodiversity have found during the study. According to survey, fishing pressure and over fishing were responsible for almost 38% loss and pollution and siltation caused about 27% loss of ecosystem. Around 21% and 14% loss of ecosystem were caused by urbanization and human encroachment, and the recreational activities respectively. These have been created a great impact on river ecology. As a result, the water quality is deteriorating day by day and the availability of fish species and other aquatic biodiversity is decreasing gradually. During the survey, 20 species was found at a risk of being endangered. From the survey, it was found that the overexploitation of fish was responsible for the 40% losses of biodiversity in the Bhairab River and water pollution caused 35% loss of biodiversity. Henceforth, river course change and habitat degradation resulted in 15% and 10% loss of biodiversity of the river respectively. This study was identified possible ways to achieve a rich fish biodiversity in the Bhairab River with social, economic and environmental aspects. The specific recommendations are included community based fisheries management, establishment of sanctuary, control of pollution, maintenance of fishing gears and the implementation of fish act for conservation of fish biodiversity of the Bhairab River.
Socio-economic uplifting analysis of ESBN fishery of the coastal villages, Ku...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted in 2 ESBN fishing villages namely Kumira and another is South Kattoli coordinates namely, 22°30'58.9"N and 91°41'37.1"E for Kumira and 22°21'06.6"N and 91°45'. It was found, in 2005 Kattoli and Kumira has largest portion of the 20-30 age group, 55% and 58% respectively and according to survey, in 2018 it was found 30-40 age group is dominant as 50% and 46% of total fisher population. The total family number of the study area is 580 in Kattoli and 550 in Kattoli in 2005 whereas; total family number of the study area is increasing in 2018. There are about 65% Hindu communities and 35% Muslim in Kattoli where Kumira comprises 80 % Hindu (jolodash) and 20% Muslim in 2005 where muslim population is incresasing in 2018. There are significant number of secondary education holder population is increasing in 2018 comparison to 2005. According to study, the total population of Kattoli were 867, out of which about 52% male and 48% female in 2005 and about 57% male and 43% female in 2018. In Kumira village, total population was 670, out of which about 60 % male and 40 % female in 2005 and about 55 % male and 45 % female in 2018. Concrete made building is increasing in 2018 in the study area. Shallow and deep tube well number is also increasing in study area. Use of utility electricity, television, cassette player/radio, VCR/CD player and mobile phone are also increasing in study area. Rich and moderate rich number is increasing in comparison with 2005. Visit to the MBBS doctor trend instead of quack doctor is increasing in study area. Daily meal uptake by thee meal has a increasing trend in the study area. Overall the wealth is increasing in the study area.
Fishery Assessment of Mullets (Actinopterygii: Mugilidae) in PakistanPremier Publishers
To estimate the MSY (maximum sustainable yield) from yearly catch and effort data of mullets to appraise the stock of the fishery in Pakistan. The fifteen years (1995-2009) catch and effort data of mullets’ fishery were taken from the handbook of MFD (marine fisheries department) Fisheries Statistics of Pakistan. ASPIC and CEDA, two software packages were used based on surplus production models. The IP (initial proportion) was used 0.9 because the starting catch was 90% of the maximum catch for CEDA with three surplus production models Fox, Schaeder and Pella-Tomlinson. The MSY calculated from Fox with normal, lognormal and gamma (error assumptions) were 5450 (R2 =0.784), 6885 (R2 =0.824), 6372 (R2 =0.804) respectively, while the values from Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson with normal, lognormal and gamma were 5562 (R2 =0.772), 7349 (R2 =0.810) and gamma were 6850 (R2 =0.791). From ASPIC package, MSY calculated from Fox and logistic models were 7247 (R2 =0.838) and 18840 (R2 =0.867) respectively. The current calculated MSY values from surplus production models were lower than yearly catch, which indicate that the mullets’ fishery stock in Pakistan is overfished. So we may recommend the managers of the fishery to reduce the fishing efforts to sustain the stock in Pakistan for future.
Growth of freshwater mud eel (Monopterus cuchia) in different water condition...AbdullaAlAsif1
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feeds on growth and production of freshwater Mud Eel (Monopterus cuchia) in nine aquariums over a period of 90 days during June to August 2016. Three different feeds namely Feed A (live feed), Feed B (supplementary feed) and Feed C (probiotics) were applied to treatments I, II and III respectively. Three types of water used in aquarium. These are pond water, ground water and turbid water. Each of the tanks was stocked with nine fish that's total fish amount of 27. Significantly highest weight gain was obtained in pond water, treatment III, (16.39a ± 2.35). Treatment III yielded the highest (65.56a ±9.4 g/m 2 /year) production with the highest survival rate of fish. Water quality parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen, P H , and alkalinity were optimum. On the basis of better growth and production, it is suggested that pond water condition with probiotics are suitable for the culture of M. cuchia in aquarium.
AcomparativestudyonfishbiodiversitywithconservationmeasuresoftheBhairabriverJ...Overall, the PDF
Porém, uma vez que possui certa lógica através de cada número que é passado, esse é um jeito mais seguro de apostar que apenas jogar em qualquer número aleatório e torcer por sorte.
Como podemos ver, o palpite do kaledri para hoje é palpite versátil para aqueles que buscam palpites e interessantes para apostar.
Attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming for their livelihood improvementAbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in the selected Malotipur village of Muktagachha upazila under Mymensingh district during 13 to 28 April, 2014. The sample size of the study was 90 fish farmers (43 percent of population) and it was drown from a population of 209 using simple random sampling technique. Eight (8) selected characteristics of farmers viz.: age, level of education, family size, farm size, annual income, credit received, training experience and cosmopoliteness were considered as the independent variables, while the attitude of the farmers towards Pangas farming was the dependent variable of the study. The focus variable i.e. attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming was measured with a 5 point likert scale such as " strongly agree " , " agree " , " undecided " , " disagree " and " strongly disagree " in Pangas farming and the corresponding scores were 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The findings indicated that the majority (50 percent) of the Pangas farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards Pangas farming compared to 31.1 percent having highly favorable and only 18.9 percent had slightly favorable attitude. The finding on problem faced by the farmers related to Pangas farming revealed that about two-third (65.6 percent) of the farmers had high problem followed by 20 percent low problems. Among eight selected characteristics of Pangas farmers five characteristics such as age, level of education; annual income, training experience and cosmopoliteness had significant positive relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming. On the other hand, the other two characteristics of pangas farmers such as family size and farm size had positive but no significant relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Fish to finance: unraveling the economic threads of Bangladesh’s Blue EconomyAbdullaAlAsif1
Bangladesh, with its extensive river network, vast coastlines, and rich maritime heritage, stands at the crossroads of a transformative Blue Economy. This comprehensive review explores the rich tapestry of Bangladesh's maritime journey. Commencing with a historical lens, it traces the nation's roots in fisheries, showcasing its transformation into a diversified and dynamic Blue Economy. The significance of this transition unfolds across the review, underscoring the sector's contributions to GDP, employment, and food security, while candidly addressing challenges such as overfishing and environmental impact. This work not only chronicles historical milestones but distills valuable lessons from both successes and setbacks, offering a nuanced understanding of the economic resilience embedded in Bangladesh's fisheries sector. Beyond a historical retrospective, the review navigates through the contemporary landscape, emphasizing diversification beyond fisheries. It illuminates economic opportunities in maritime trade, explores non-fish marine resources, and delves into the transformative role of aquaculture. The policy framework governing Bangladesh's Blue Economy comes into focus, dissecting government strategies, legal landscapes, and international collaborations. The review also champions environmental sustainability, highlighting the impact of Blue Economy activities on marine ecosystems and advocating for conservation measures, thus positioning Bangladesh as a steward of its rich maritime heritage. Financial mechanisms and investments emerge as pivotal elements, shaping the trajectory of Blue Economy projects, as evidenced by case studies that weave success stories and lessons learned into the narrative. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the study identifies emerging trends, growth opportunities, and strategies to tackle challenges, offering a comprehensive roadmap for sustainable development. In weaving together economic vibrancy, environmental stewardship, and future aspirations, this review illuminates Bangladesh's maritime odyssey as a beacon for the global Blue Economy community.
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Prospectives and Problems of Conservation, Development and Management of Clam...ijtsrd
Bhatye estuary, Ratnagiri is known for its mussel and clam fishery. Clam fishery is primarily supported by Meretrix meretrix, Katelysia opima and Paphia laterisulea. The clam fishery lasts for about 8 – 10 months. During lean period of open sea fishery, it provides protein rich food and livelihood to local population... Its shells are utilized as raw material in lime and cement cottage industries. Considering its food and economic value they are over exploited. In the present study, economic and food value of clams, clam fishery, management and conservation aspects are discussed. Sanjay Kumbhar "Prospectives and Problems of Conservation, Development and Management of Clam Resource in the Bhatye Estuary Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30593.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/30593/prospectives-and-problems-of-conservation-development-and-management-of-clam-resource-in-the-bhatye-estuary-ratnagiri-maharashtra-india/sanjay-kumbhar
Socio economic status of fry collectors at Sundarban regionAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted on the livelihood approach of fry collectors at Shyamnagar upazila under Satkhira district. The objective of the study was to assess the present livelihood status, to identify the socio-economic condition and problem associated with the alternative livelihood approach of fry collectors. The survey was conducted on three unions of Shyamnagar upazila adjacent to Sundarban as study area. In the study area average family size was 5 persons per family. The maximum age level was 20-30 years old. Among the fry collectors 66% was male and 34% was female. Among them 62% was Muslim and 38% was Hindu. About 78% of total fry collectors are landless in the study area. Literacy was 31% of them where female literacy was 28% and male literacy was 72% and most of them can sign only. Most of the collectors about 63% lived in mud walled with golpata shed house. About 73% families have two earner and 68% have single family. Peak season of fry collection was March to May. For collecting fry they use push net, set bag net mainly. They collect fry in the early morning and in early evening for about 6-8 hours. Men collect 150-200 pieces of fry per day in peak season and 40-60 pieces of fry by women. Price varies from 800-3500 Tk. per thousand golda fry. Price is higher in the month on March-May. About 52% collectors engaged in fishing during off season as alternative income source. Their preferable alternative income source are sustainable agriculture, fry nursing, poultry farming, planned fish cultivation, cattle and goat rearing etc. The main problem of converting of fry collection to other profession was lack of other training of other works, lack of capital, poor infrastructure.facilities, absence of industrialization, lack of land, government and NGO level work is very limited.
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Impact of stocking common carp (Cyprinus carpio) on production in some select...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in three seasonal beels in Gacha union under Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district during the period from June 2015 to January 2016. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of stocking common carp on the abundance and biodiversity of native fish species in seasonal beels. Three seasonal beels such as Baroholai, Makhna and Buridha which were connected with Turag River through different canals were selected to implement the study. Baroholai and Makhna beel were stocked with common carp fingerlings at 2500 per hectare. Buridha beel served as control. Necessary data were collected from the fishermen and lease holders of the concern beel through using structured questionnaire by survey method. A total of 42-43 species of fishes were recorded from stocked beel as against of 43 species in control beel. Shanon-Weiner diversity index averaged 2.58 in stocked beel as opposed to 2.68 for control beel. The studied beel had medium richness in terms of biodiversity and faunal abundances. Per hectare fish production was 522-577kg in stocked beels as compared to 365kg in control beel. Cyprinidae was the most abundant group contributing to the bulk of fishery yield. Surface feeder took a lead over other groups of fishes in stocked beel as opposed to bottom feeder in case of control beel. Bottom dwelling small catfishes seems to be affected in presence of common carp in the stocked beels. Control beel harboured increased number and quantity of catfishes. Fish productions in the seasonal beels were profitable. Per hectare total cost of fish production averaged tk 34976.67 as against of total gross return of tk 92683.67. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 2.57-3.42 in stocked beel and 2.01 in control beel. Further researches are needed to precisely determine the possible consequences of stocking common carp in seasonal beels.
Distribution and Taxonomic Study of a Newly Recorded Croaking Gourami, Tricho...Shoaibe H T Shefat
this study aimed to enhance our understanding of the taxonomic status, source of introduction, impacts on native fish biodiversity and spreading pattern of this croaking gourami for proper management and conservation in Bangladesh.
Availability and potentiality of small indigenous species of fish throughout ...AbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted with aiming to know the present status of small indigenous fish species (SIS) in Oxbow Lakes/baors and rivers as well as the availability of SIS of fish and their potentiality in the study area. Regular data were collected from some important fish landing center cum markets, Oxbow Lakes and rivers of the study area. The availability of small indigenous species (SIS) of fish declined to a great extent over the years and many of them are rare or endangered due to death of rivers and baors were brought under aquaculture. Besides these, Many of SIS of fish were being increasingly used as trash fish for fish feed purpose. As an over populated country, demand of SIS of fish is increasing day by day. After 1990s almost all Oxbow Lakes have been gradually trying to bring under aquaculture through local community or Department of Fisheries. The most significant message of this study is that, some vulnerable and endangered SIS of fish are locally abundant both in fish landing center, baors and rivers. So they must be conserved for their bioavailability and nutrition throughout the country that would be most intelligent efforts in favor of global ichthyo-biodiversity conservation.
Evolution of fisheries sector in BangladeshMD. ZANE ALAM
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of 147 570 km2 with a population of 160
million people. It is fortunate in having an extensive water resource in the form of ponds,
natural depressions (haors and beels ), lakes, canals, rivers and estuaries covering an area
of 47,03,658 ha .
The present per capita annual fish consumption in Bangladesh stands at about 14 kg/year
against a recommended minimum requirement of 18 kg/year; hence, there is still need to
improve fish consumption in the country.
Fisheries in Bangladesh are diverse, there are about 795 native species of fish and shrimp
in the fresh and marine waters of Bangladesh and 12 exotic species that have been
introduced. In addition, there are 10 species of pearl bearing bivalves, 12 species of
edible tortoise and turtle, 15 species of crab and 3 species of lobster.
Destruction and mitigation.. BY DR. ABHIJIT MITRAAbhijit Mitra
Dr. Abhijit Mitra, Associate Professor and former Head, Dept. of Marine Science, University of Calcutta (INDIA) has been active in the sphere of Oceanography since 1985. He obtained his Ph.D as NET qualified scholar in 1994. Since then he joined Calcutta Port Trust and WWF (World Wide Fund), in various capacities to carry out research programmes on environmental science, biodiversity conservation, climate change and carbon sequestration. Presently Dr. Mitra is serving as the advisor of Oceanography Division of Techno India University, Kolkata. He has to his credit about 388 scientific publications in various National and International journals, and 34 books of postgraduate standards. Dr. Mitra has successfully completed about 16 projects on biodiversity loss in fishery sector, coastal pollution, alternative livelihood, climate change and carbon sequestration. Dr. Mitra also visited as faculty member and invited speakers in several foreign Universities of Singapore, Kenya, Oman and USA. In 2008, Dr. Mitra was invited as visiting fellow at University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, USA to deliver a series of lecture on Climate Change. Dr. Mitra also successfully guided 29 Ph.D students. Presently his domain of expertise includes environmental science, mangrove ecology, sustainable aquaculture, alternative livelihood, climate change and carbon sequestration.
Availability of fish species in fish markets and fish marketing in Noakhali d...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to know the fish markets and marketing practices in Noakhali district for a period of 5 months; November 2014 to March, 2015. Five types of marketing channels were found in this study and most were similar in nature as marketing places were in same town and not far apart. The average cost by a retailer to trade fish was estimated at Tk. 171.6 /day. This cost included rent of trading spot, ice and local transportation. The average income of retailers in three markets was estimated at Tk. 640/day/retailer. It was found that 21% of fish supplied in the markets were carps (Indian and Exotic), 17.3% marine fish, 15.7% hilsa, 12.7% catfish, 11.3% small fish, 11% Tilapia and pungus, 7% others mix species and 4% prawn. It was reported that availability fish species in three different markets round the year ranged from 55 to 72. However, during the study period, a total of 39 fish species under 24 families were found in three markets. It was found that marine fish comprises average 33% and freshwater fish comprises average 67% in the three markets. The price of fish depends on market structure, species quality, size, weight and season. The price of galda and bagda were varied from 580±10 to 560±8 Tk. /kg, and 370±10 to 350±5 Tk. /kg respectively. The price of catla, tilapia, ilish, Thai pangus and silver carp were varied from 390±10 to 360±8 Tk. /kg, 165±5 to 150±8 Tk. /kg, 900±10 to 860±5 Tk. /kg, 140±10 to 125±5 Tk. /kg, and 160±8 to 155±5 Tk./kg, respectively. In Noakhali, around 50-180 retailers were involved in each market. It was found that the daily supply of fish in Municipal market, Datter hat and Sonapur was about 12-13, 7-8 and 2.5-3ton, respectively. Inadequate infrastructure, transportation, shortage of ice in peak season, hygienic condition and packaging facilities were cited as main constraints. It was found that 80% of the fish retailers have improved their livelihood status through fish trading to a certain degree.
India is rich in natural resources and the annual harvestable fishery potential of the country is estimated to be 3.48 million
tones. It is established that the fish biodiversity of the country is diminishing at an alarming rate in all the aquatic zones. The
data on species diversity of fishes from Uran coast revealed presence of 31 species of which 3 species of Chondricthyes
representing 2 genera and 2 families and 28 species of Osteicthyes representing 28 genera and 23 families were recorded. Of the recorded species, 55 % belonged to Order Perciformes, 10 % to Clupeiformes, 6 % each to Rajiformes, Mugiliformes and Anguilliformes, 3 % each to Aulopiformes, Carcharhiniformes, Pleuronectiformes, Siluriformes and Tetraodontiformes. Among the recorded species, ribbon fishes/spiny hair tail (Lepturacanthus savala), croakers (Johnius soldado), dhoma (Sciaena dussumierii) and gold spotted grenadier anchovy (Coilia dussumierii) are abundant where as Bleeker’s whipray (Himantura bleekeri), Sharp nose stingray (H. gerrardi) and Spotted Green Puffer fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) were rare. Stripped mullet (Mugil cephalus), cat fish (Mystus seenghala), three stripped tiger fish (Terapon jarbua) and mudskippers (Boleophthalmus boddarti) were very common. At present, the yield of fin-fish resources from Uran coast is optimum; it is decreasing day by day due to coastal pollution affecting the status of the local fishermen because of which they are looking for other jobs for their livelihood.
Keywords: Fin-fish Resources, Species diversity, JNPT, Uran, Navi Mumbai
Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) of Bivalves in Northwestern Bohol, PhilippinesAI Publications
Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) is a measure of status of marine resource in a given area. In this study, bivalve fishery information was gathered using the self-structured questionnaire. There were 61 respondents who were the registered fishermen of Calape, Tubigon and Clarin. Among the three towns it was Clarin where highest mean CPUE was observed with 1.2kg/hr/man. This was followed by Calape with 0.8kg/hr/man and lowest mean CPUE was recorded in Tubigon with 0.6kg/hr/man. High CPUE value means that there are still enough bivalve resources in the area and lowest CPUE means that these resources are endangered. Considering that, the result of this study showed that there is a need to regulate the collection of bivalves with lower wild stocks to avoid loss of these natural resources.
A comparative study on fish biodiversity with conservation measures of the Bh...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was concerned to assess the present status of biodiversity in the Bhairab river, Jessore with its conservation measures. The study was based on primary observations, questionnaire interviews with 50 fishers, focus group discussions with river bank community members and cross-check interviews with key informants. The study was conducted for a period four months from May to August, 2016. The objective of the study was to assess the fish biodiversity in the Bhairab river, understand the existing fishing practices of the river and to identify proper management strategies for the conservation of fish biodiversity. Results of the study revealed that three kinds of fishers were engaged in the Bhairab river namely, professional fishers; seasonal fishers and subsistence fishers. Seven types of fishing gears like seine net, gill net, cast net, push net, lift net, trap and hook and line were operated to fish by the fishers during the survey. A total of 39 species of fish were identified in the catches of the Bhairab River. There are degraded ecosystems and declining biodiversity have found during the study. According to survey, fishing pressure and over fishing were responsible for almost 38% loss and pollution and siltation caused about 27% loss of ecosystem. Around 21% and 14% loss of ecosystem were caused by urbanization and human encroachment, and the recreational activities respectively. These have been created a great impact on river ecology. As a result, the water quality is deteriorating day by day and the availability of fish species and other aquatic biodiversity is decreasing gradually. During the survey, 20 species was found at a risk of being endangered. From the survey, it was found that the overexploitation of fish was responsible for the 40% losses of biodiversity in the Bhairab River and water pollution caused 35% loss of biodiversity. Henceforth, river course change and habitat degradation resulted in 15% and 10% loss of biodiversity of the river respectively. This study was identified possible ways to achieve a rich fish biodiversity in the Bhairab River with social, economic and environmental aspects. The specific recommendations are included community based fisheries management, establishment of sanctuary, control of pollution, maintenance of fishing gears and the implementation of fish act for conservation of fish biodiversity of the Bhairab River.
Socio-economic uplifting analysis of ESBN fishery of the coastal villages, Ku...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted in 2 ESBN fishing villages namely Kumira and another is South Kattoli coordinates namely, 22°30'58.9"N and 91°41'37.1"E for Kumira and 22°21'06.6"N and 91°45'. It was found, in 2005 Kattoli and Kumira has largest portion of the 20-30 age group, 55% and 58% respectively and according to survey, in 2018 it was found 30-40 age group is dominant as 50% and 46% of total fisher population. The total family number of the study area is 580 in Kattoli and 550 in Kattoli in 2005 whereas; total family number of the study area is increasing in 2018. There are about 65% Hindu communities and 35% Muslim in Kattoli where Kumira comprises 80 % Hindu (jolodash) and 20% Muslim in 2005 where muslim population is incresasing in 2018. There are significant number of secondary education holder population is increasing in 2018 comparison to 2005. According to study, the total population of Kattoli were 867, out of which about 52% male and 48% female in 2005 and about 57% male and 43% female in 2018. In Kumira village, total population was 670, out of which about 60 % male and 40 % female in 2005 and about 55 % male and 45 % female in 2018. Concrete made building is increasing in 2018 in the study area. Shallow and deep tube well number is also increasing in study area. Use of utility electricity, television, cassette player/radio, VCR/CD player and mobile phone are also increasing in study area. Rich and moderate rich number is increasing in comparison with 2005. Visit to the MBBS doctor trend instead of quack doctor is increasing in study area. Daily meal uptake by thee meal has a increasing trend in the study area. Overall the wealth is increasing in the study area.
Fishery Assessment of Mullets (Actinopterygii: Mugilidae) in PakistanPremier Publishers
To estimate the MSY (maximum sustainable yield) from yearly catch and effort data of mullets to appraise the stock of the fishery in Pakistan. The fifteen years (1995-2009) catch and effort data of mullets’ fishery were taken from the handbook of MFD (marine fisheries department) Fisheries Statistics of Pakistan. ASPIC and CEDA, two software packages were used based on surplus production models. The IP (initial proportion) was used 0.9 because the starting catch was 90% of the maximum catch for CEDA with three surplus production models Fox, Schaeder and Pella-Tomlinson. The MSY calculated from Fox with normal, lognormal and gamma (error assumptions) were 5450 (R2 =0.784), 6885 (R2 =0.824), 6372 (R2 =0.804) respectively, while the values from Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson with normal, lognormal and gamma were 5562 (R2 =0.772), 7349 (R2 =0.810) and gamma were 6850 (R2 =0.791). From ASPIC package, MSY calculated from Fox and logistic models were 7247 (R2 =0.838) and 18840 (R2 =0.867) respectively. The current calculated MSY values from surplus production models were lower than yearly catch, which indicate that the mullets’ fishery stock in Pakistan is overfished. So we may recommend the managers of the fishery to reduce the fishing efforts to sustain the stock in Pakistan for future.
Growth of freshwater mud eel (Monopterus cuchia) in different water condition...AbdullaAlAsif1
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feeds on growth and production of freshwater Mud Eel (Monopterus cuchia) in nine aquariums over a period of 90 days during June to August 2016. Three different feeds namely Feed A (live feed), Feed B (supplementary feed) and Feed C (probiotics) were applied to treatments I, II and III respectively. Three types of water used in aquarium. These are pond water, ground water and turbid water. Each of the tanks was stocked with nine fish that's total fish amount of 27. Significantly highest weight gain was obtained in pond water, treatment III, (16.39a ± 2.35). Treatment III yielded the highest (65.56a ±9.4 g/m 2 /year) production with the highest survival rate of fish. Water quality parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen, P H , and alkalinity were optimum. On the basis of better growth and production, it is suggested that pond water condition with probiotics are suitable for the culture of M. cuchia in aquarium.
AcomparativestudyonfishbiodiversitywithconservationmeasuresoftheBhairabriverJ...Overall, the PDF
Porém, uma vez que possui certa lógica através de cada número que é passado, esse é um jeito mais seguro de apostar que apenas jogar em qualquer número aleatório e torcer por sorte.
Como podemos ver, o palpite do kaledri para hoje é palpite versátil para aqueles que buscam palpites e interessantes para apostar.
Attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming for their livelihood improvementAbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in the selected Malotipur village of Muktagachha upazila under Mymensingh district during 13 to 28 April, 2014. The sample size of the study was 90 fish farmers (43 percent of population) and it was drown from a population of 209 using simple random sampling technique. Eight (8) selected characteristics of farmers viz.: age, level of education, family size, farm size, annual income, credit received, training experience and cosmopoliteness were considered as the independent variables, while the attitude of the farmers towards Pangas farming was the dependent variable of the study. The focus variable i.e. attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming was measured with a 5 point likert scale such as " strongly agree " , " agree " , " undecided " , " disagree " and " strongly disagree " in Pangas farming and the corresponding scores were 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The findings indicated that the majority (50 percent) of the Pangas farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards Pangas farming compared to 31.1 percent having highly favorable and only 18.9 percent had slightly favorable attitude. The finding on problem faced by the farmers related to Pangas farming revealed that about two-third (65.6 percent) of the farmers had high problem followed by 20 percent low problems. Among eight selected characteristics of Pangas farmers five characteristics such as age, level of education; annual income, training experience and cosmopoliteness had significant positive relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming. On the other hand, the other two characteristics of pangas farmers such as family size and farm size had positive but no significant relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming.
Similar to Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittagong, Bangladesh (20)
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Fish to finance: unraveling the economic threads of Bangladesh’s Blue EconomyAbdullaAlAsif1
Bangladesh, with its extensive river network, vast coastlines, and rich maritime heritage, stands at the crossroads of a transformative Blue Economy. This comprehensive review explores the rich tapestry of Bangladesh's maritime journey. Commencing with a historical lens, it traces the nation's roots in fisheries, showcasing its transformation into a diversified and dynamic Blue Economy. The significance of this transition unfolds across the review, underscoring the sector's contributions to GDP, employment, and food security, while candidly addressing challenges such as overfishing and environmental impact. This work not only chronicles historical milestones but distills valuable lessons from both successes and setbacks, offering a nuanced understanding of the economic resilience embedded in Bangladesh's fisheries sector. Beyond a historical retrospective, the review navigates through the contemporary landscape, emphasizing diversification beyond fisheries. It illuminates economic opportunities in maritime trade, explores non-fish marine resources, and delves into the transformative role of aquaculture. The policy framework governing Bangladesh's Blue Economy comes into focus, dissecting government strategies, legal landscapes, and international collaborations. The review also champions environmental sustainability, highlighting the impact of Blue Economy activities on marine ecosystems and advocating for conservation measures, thus positioning Bangladesh as a steward of its rich maritime heritage. Financial mechanisms and investments emerge as pivotal elements, shaping the trajectory of Blue Economy projects, as evidenced by case studies that weave success stories and lessons learned into the narrative. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the study identifies emerging trends, growth opportunities, and strategies to tackle challenges, offering a comprehensive roadmap for sustainable development. In weaving together economic vibrancy, environmental stewardship, and future aspirations, this review illuminates Bangladesh's maritime odyssey as a beacon for the global Blue Economy community.
Successful hybridization between Clarias microstomus♂ and Clarias gariepinus♀AbdullaAlAsif1
Hybridization is a significant approach to breeding that enables the creation of new varieties that enhance genetic diversity. Through fish inter-species hybridization, it is possible to produce hybrids that can be utilized in aquaculture and stocking programs to enhance growth rate, transfer desirable traits between species, and combine the favourable attributes of two parents into a single progeny. The present study revealed the successful hybridization between Clarias microstomus (Ng, 2001) ♂ and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) ♀ for the first time in the aquaculture industry. C. microstomus is a species of Clariid catfish endemic to the island of Borneo and C. gariepinus is an introduced species widely aquacultured throughout the southeast Asian region. The embryonic development of the hybrid offspring is described with the hatching percentage of 58.63% and the early survival rate for the first 72 hours for the larvae of 85.76%. The hybrids showed no signs of deformities and developed normally. The findings of the study provide a new high yield variety of catfish for farmers and aquaculture industry for increasing production and profit margin.
Freshwater gastropod diversity in the selected lotic environment, Betong, Sar...AbdullaAlAsif1
Freshwater Gastropoda can be considered as the biological indicator in ecosystems such as rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds. The objectives of this study are to identify freshwater gastropod species, diversity, and distribution along Sungai Penebak, Sungai Nanga Tiga, and Sungai Kabo in the Betong division. The study was conducted on 10 November 2020. A 50 m transect was laid on the riverbank of all three stations. The existing specimens were counted and collected from each sampling point and stored were taken to the laboratory for species identification. The diversity index and morphological study of freshwater gastropods were performed. Five species of freshwater gastropods belonging to four families were discovered. The five species of freshwater gastropods consisted of Sulcospira pageli, which shows great abundance, followed by Clea nigricans, Brotia costula, Pila ampullacea, and Vittina pennata. The diversity indices of collected Gastropoda species from the different stations, for instance, Shannon Weiner diversity index (H’), Pielou’s evenness index (J’), and Margalef’s richness index were assessed; where station 3 showed higher diversity of Gastropoda compared to other two stations. The information presented in this paper might be helpful for ecological wealth studies and considered as the baseline data for the stream ecosystem in Sarawak, Malaysia.
Macrofaunal diversity on the surface sediment of mangrove habitat adjacent to...AbdullaAlAsif1
Macrofaunal diversity and composition are essential to understanding the ecosystem structures and functions of mangroves in any dynamic estuarine coast. To understand the temporal distribution of macrofaunal community structures and diversity on the surface sediment in the intertidal mangrove forest next to the seagrass beds, this study was conducted at Punang-Sari-River estuary, Lawas, Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo), South China Sea. Sampling was done during post-monsoon, intermediate-September, premonsoon, and monsoon from July 2019 to February 2020. The mean macrofauna abundance was higher pre-monsoon, while Gastropoda Optediceros breviculum (L. Pfeiffer, 1855) was the most abundant (RA = 0.704). Important species index (ISI = 70.36) and percentage of contribution (64.97%) were also higher of this species than any other records from the site. The ANOSIM (Analysis of Similarity), Jaccard index and SIMPER (Similarity Percentage Analysis) analysis suggested that the highest species abundance similarity was observed between pre-monsoon and monsoon, while the highest dissimilarity was observed between intermediate-September and pre-monsoon (74.67%). Seasonal PCA, nMDS, and cluster analysis revealed that pre-monsoon and monsoon were comparable in species and individual abundance. The dominance (0.85) was found significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in intermediate-September, while Simpson (0.734), Shannon (1.56) and Evenness indices (0.528) were found higher in monsoon, followed by the higher Margalef richness indices (3.21) in post-monsoon. It was observed that the seasonal ecological parameters were found to be significantly (P<0.05) different, including the temperature, salinity, rainfall, pore water nitrogenous compounds (NO2, NO3 and NH3-N), phosphorus compound (PO4) and micro minerals. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) results suggested that ecological factors influenced several species. Considering the few studies on mangrove macrofauna in Malaysian Borneo, further research on their trophic structures and food web interactions is very important to disclose their overall characteristics and ecosystem functions.
Population characteristics of the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonic...AbdullaAlAsif1
Nemipterus japonicus (Japanese threadfin bream) is one of the most significant fish species throughout the Indo-Pacific regions. No previous studies on the population dynamics of N. japonicus have been carried out in the Eastern Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). The present study focused on the population dynamics of N. japonicus from April 2013 to March 2014 in the coastal area of Bintulu, South China Sea. Local fishermen provided samples, which were then analysed. The FiSAT II software was used to evaluate the collected length frequency data. The asymptotic length (L ∞) and growth coefficient (K) were 26.78 cm and 0.85 yr-1, respectively. The growth performance index (ϕ'), total mortality coefficient (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 2.785, 2.97, 1.63 and 1.34 per year, respectively. According to the estimates, the exploitation rate (E) for N. japonicus was 0.45, while the E 0.1 , E 0.5 and E max were determined as 0.72, 0.4 and 0.806, respectively. The obtained value of exploitation was less than E max, although slightly higher than E 0.5. The recruitment characteristics of N. japonicus have been stable throughout the year, with one peak pulse. The results contribute to the knowledge of the dynamics of N. japonicus populations and are important for the sustainable management of the Sarawak fishing resources.
Proximate and mineral composition of the long-spined Sea Urchin (Diadema seto...AbdullaAlAsif1
Gonad of sea urchin is considered as food delicacy in many parts of the world due to high nutrition and mineral contents. Several species of sea urchins are available in Malaysia and reported from different habitat, including seagrass beds, coastal breakwater, coral reefs and other ecologically important habitats. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the proximate and mineral composition of long spined sea urchin (Diadema setosum) roe collected from breakwater of Terengganu, Malaysia in October 2019, November 2019 and January 2020. The samples were analysed for proximate including protein, lipid, moisture, and ash content of sea urchin roe. The macro, micro minerals and heavy metals were also evaluated including Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Se, Mg, Ni, Pb, Al, and Cd. The result suggested that, long spined sea urchin (Diadema setosum) roe can be considered as good sources of food due to high percentage of protein (ranged between 36.21±0.44 and 50.14±4.63). The presence of heavy metal such as Ni, Pb, and Cd suggesting the breakwater environments were not good enough and the possible sources of heavy metals contamination in sea water environment must be stopped and eradicated. This study provides important information with regard to the proximate and mineral values of D. setosum, as well as the need for a better management of its habitat before D. setosum can be widely promoted as delicacy in this region.
Trends in seagrass research and conservation in Malaysian watersAbdullaAlAsif1
The seagrass ecosystems found in the marine and coastal areas, with substantial economic and ecological services and span all over the globe excluding the Antarctic region. The Coral Triangle and Southeast Asia are recognized as a worldwide hotspot of seagrass species and habitats, encompassing 10-21 species of seagrass in every nation , although the study, understanding, and quantity of publications on seagrass ecosystems are rather limited in the region, including Malaysia. Malaysia contains 18 seagrass species from three families, which occupy 16.8 km 2 of coastal area, where the study and discovery of seagrass species and meadows began in 1904 with the report of Beccari. All of the published papers reviewed reported on Malaysian seagrass-related research, which was divided into nine topic groups: biology and distribution, carbon sequestration, fauna, remote sensing, impact and pollution genetic study, restoration , microbiological investigation, and others. The extensive study of the seagrass ecosystem began in 1993, and we have identified 183 published papers from Scopus, 141 publications from Web of Science, and 42 from Google Scholar. However, the average trend of the number of publications from 1993 to 1999 was 0.71 ± 0.36, while from 2000 to 2022 was 7.70 ± 1.16 followed by the average trend of the yearly number of publications was 6.78 ± 1.08. The highest number of publications was found on faunal categories (43.17%), followed by biology and distribution (21.85%). The number of articles that were published on Malaysian seagrass meadows each year has been discovered to be rising, which indicates that the trends in seagrass study and publishing were progressively garnering the attention of researchers, academics, and the government. However, to better understand the sustainable ecology and ecosystem services provided by seagrass habitats, an emphasis on certain research niches, such as the genetic study of flora and fauna in seagrass meadows, microbial ecology, and restoration as well as conservation of seagrass species might be helpful.
First record of saucer scallop Ylistrum balloti (Bernardi, 1861) from equator...AbdullaAlAsif1
Ylistrum balloti is one of the Pectinidae species distributed within the Indo-Pacific region. Recently, 15 live specimens of Y. balloti were recorded from the continental shelf of Sarawak, Malaysia. The main morphological characteristics were displayed on the outer valve, these being a brown-red colour and a clear concentric pattern of thin brown lines. The prominent internal ribbing numbers on both valves also helped species identification. The preliminary report of Y. balloti revealed that the species is present in Sarawak waters and can be further explored in the future.
Culture and production of Lucilia sericata Meigen (1826) larvae for rearing s...AbdullaAlAsif1
The fly larvae (Lucilia sericata) are being used as an alternative protein source in any kind of animal feed as it reduces the cost of preparation of feed. This current study focused on the physico-chemical and proximate properties of raw poultry waste, while this study also revealed the production process of fly larvae and the proximate composition of it. The poultry waste was collected from Suvro poultry farm, Sutiakhali, Mymensingh, then the physic-chemical properties of the raw poultry waste were determined using different procedures. Three treatments were considered for production of fly larvae, T 1 (3 kg), T 2 (6 kg) and T 3 (9 kg) in a 15 kg capacity tray with three replications. After production, the proximate composition were also measured of fly larvae. Physico-chemical properties such as, color, odor, texture, temperature, pH, total solids (TSS+TDS), chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, available N, available P, and fiber in raw poultry waste were determined and presented. Proximate composition such as, moisture, total N, total P, available N, total Ca, ash and crude fiber were found in significant amount in the poultry waste. It was found that T 3 (1350±68g) produced highest volume of live maggot compared to the other treatments, but T 2 (17.50±1.10%) produced highest percentage volume. The proximate compositions of fly larvae were assessed and found 56.60±0.25% protein value in it, suggesting that fly larvae could be the protein replacer in fish feed. The result of this study revealed cheap protein source in aquaculture production, such as production and rearing of stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis, and the findings might be helpful for cost reduction in aquaculture operation.
Replacement of fish meal by Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) live larvae and p...AbdullaAlAsif1
Reduction of aquaculture operations and production cost is key to the success and profitability of this enterprise, while protein needs, especially the cost of fish meal, are cery expensive. The current study was conducted to investigate the post-larval production performance of Heteropneustes fossilis using Lucilia sericata maggot as a fish meal replacer in two ways, namely, live larvae and powder form. A 28 days growth trial was performed where five isonitrogenous diets for Heteropneustes fossilis post-larvae were experimented using live maggots and maggot meal, respectively. The proximate composition of each formulated diet, growth parameters of fish post-larvae, such as, weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, apparent protein utilization, survival rate and the food conversion ratio were examined. After the experiment, the carcass composition of the experimental fishes were evaluated. The best final weight (1.61 g), weight gain (1.418 g), percentage of weight gain (739±1.18%), specific growth rate (2.63), protein efficiency ratio (2.29), apparent protein utilization (85%), survival rate (90%) and lower food conversion ratio (2.06) were observed in fish fed with 75% maggot meal as a substitute of fish meal. This study will help the aquaculture industry, especially the catfish culture in identifying an alternate source of protein and lowering the cost of aquaculture operation.
The molecular approach reveals the relationship among Venus clams (Meretrix s...AbdullaAlAsif1
Molecular study is important to detect variations and similarities among species from the same genus, in case if they do not encompass any morphological or physiological differences. The study was conducted to differentiate among species of Meretrix spp. (Meretrix lyrata, M. meretrix, and M. lusoria) obtained from two locations in Malaysia through the phylogenetic tree. The adductor muscle tissues were used to extract DNA and to perform other procedures; the samples were subjected to analyses using PCR and gel electrophoresis. The multiple sequence comparison was conducted by MUSCLE and the phylogenetic relationships were established using Maximum Likelihood (ML) statistical methods with MEGA 6.0 statistical software. M. lyrata samples showed 99% similarity to the three accessions sequence, where M. lyrata indicated 87% similarities, and M. meretrix showed not more than 89% similarities from the deposited sequence. The nucleotide base composition sequences consisted of the mean of Thiamine (T) 37.9%, Cytosine (C) 15.4%, Adenine (A) 27.4%, and Guanine (G) 19.4%. Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was conducted using the Tamura 3-parameter model to establish five major clades on Meretrix spp. and two out-groups clades significantly different from the Meretrix spp. These major clades were closely related to each other at the 50% evidence of bootstrap, which grouped as genus Meretrix. The present study on Meretrix spp. from the Sarawak locality was able to differentiate COI sequences between M. lyrata, M. meretrix, and M. lusoria. M. lusoria was close related to M. meretrix with strong bootstrap supporting evidence at 96% scoring. Moreover, M. lyrata was inferred as the ancestor to M. meretrix, and M. lusoria from Sarawak, Malaysia.
Disappearance or overlooked or untouched? - A brief history of aquatic gastro...AbdullaAlAsif1
The aquatic gastropods (marine and freshwater) in Malaysian Borneo (MYB) have an ancient history of 255 years, while the first record was observed in 1767 by the pioneer Carl Linnaeus. Over time, many European, native taxonomists and conservationists have worked on the diverse group of gastropods in the Malaysian part of Borneo (states of Sabah and Sarawak). No previous work has been conducted to assess the historical status of this particular class of Mollusca. The study objective was to reveal the types of aquatic gastropods and the number of published research and expeditions conducted in MYB. The bibliometric analysis found 145 research publications mentioning the names of the region and reporting at least one gastropod species from this geographic region. Over the history of 255 years, a total of 559 gastropod species were reported by different research groups. Between 1767 and 1900, a total of 150 gastropod species were reported, followed by 79 species from 1900 to 2000 and 330 species from 2001 to 2022. The Grubbs test (p<0.05) identified outlier years for the reporting of gastropod species from MYB with 54 new species each in 2011 and 2020 and 39 species in 2001. Over the history of aquatic gastropod research in MYB, the taxonomists making the greatest contribution were Han Raven and his colleagues from Naturalis who reported 111 new species from the region, followed by Nur Leena Wong from Universiti Putra Malaysia (54 new species). The results suggested that reporting of new species from MYB is increasing, which may reflect the many unexplored sites and suggests the existence of as yet unrecorded species in this ecoregion. In this regard further expeditions and research should improve estimates of the true number of aquatic gastropod species in this area. These results can help the regional governments in making a regional biodiversity database as well as in taking decisions regarding aquatic gastropod research and management.
A ray of hope in the darkness: What we have learned from Yangtze giant soft-s...AbdullaAlAsif1
The Swinhoe's softshell turtle, Rafetus swinhoei (Gray, 1873),) is one of the world's largest freshwater turtles, and possibly the most endangered turtle species on the planet (Stanford et al., 2018). It has an overall length of over 100 cm and a width of up to 70 cm, and it can easily weigh up to 70–100 kg, maximum weight was recorded at 169 kg (Solimine, 2013; Trong, 2018). Despite its enormous size and unusual look, this species is incredibly secretive and only comes to the surface to breathe, preferring to remain submerged deep down. For this species, there is very little ecological information, and the remaining distribution is unclear. This could explain why it's so difficult to positively identify and confirm occurrences of this species in the wild (Trong, 2018). If we look back to the history and biogeography of this species, it can be found that the existential records were documented in the historical literature of the Chinese and Vietnamese dynasties. This species was once thought to only live along the Red River in China and Vietnam, as well as the lower Yangtze River floodplain in China, but its current population size is estimated to be just one wild individual of undetermined sex and a solitary captivity male in Suzhou Zoo, China. Although recent thorough searches in Yunnan, China, and Vietnam failed to confirm the presence of more wild specimens, some sightings were reported until around a decade ago (Stanford et al., 2018), giving hope that more individuals may yet exist in Vietnam.
Snapper shrimp is a symbiotic organism usually hidden under the rocks, sponges and pen shells in the seagrass and coral habitats. The relationship study within snapper shrimp and pen shell was conducted from Merambong shoal, one of the biggest seagrass beds in peninsular Malaysia. A total of 40 individual pen shells were collected randomly and four species of pen shells were identified. 40 Anchistus custoides were found inhabiting symbiotically in the mantle cavity of the pen shell as solitary males and females and heterosexual pairs. Pen shell, Pinna bicolour and Atrina vexillum recorded the highest average SH 217.79±53.15 mm, SV 2.62±1.36 dm3 and SH 164.10-224.78 mm with the SV 1.18±0.43 dm3, respectively compared to the other species. The size of Anchistus custoides ranged from 15.00 to 20.00 mm in length and it was determined to be female due to the presence of eggs in the pleopods. The length of the cephalothorax and its length were highly related (rs=0.563, p≤0.01, N=40) and found wider in females. A little difference in size between the left and right chela in males of identical length was noticed, although the left chela is much bigger than the right. The significant relationship (rs=0.450, p≤0.01, N=40) between the pen shell length and shrimp (male-female) length revealed that the size of the shell is important to be hosted the snapper shrimp in the shell cavity.
Diversity of fisheries in Sarawak, Northwest Borneo: Present status and conse...AbdullaAlAsif1
Information on fisheries resources in East Malaysia is scarce and poorly known. The current review aims to compile a checklist of fisheries resources in the Northwest Borneo (Sarawak, Malaysia) from available published literature, address the resources' present status, and suggest future monitoring needs for selected critical species. The study also aims to determine several Sarawak land-use issues that are in flux and responsible for habitat degradation. Five hundred sixty-four species belonging to 123 families and 32 orders were recorded from Sarawak waters. Freshwater fish species comprised 48.0% of the total, followed by a marine (36.6%), marine-euryhaline (12.9%), and brackish water (2.5%) species. Of this, Cyprinidae was the most dominant group accounting for the greatest number of species (82 species), followed by Balitoridae (34 species), Bagridae (21 species) and Penaeidae (21 species). Therefore, available fisheries resources should be managed carefully as 48 species (9.0%) are currently vulnerable to extinction. Furthermore, the presence of 20 alien species in Sarawak water bodies also requires attention from the authorities due to the potential disruption of aquatic ecological balance. Changing land use issues in Sarawak such as forest degradation, agricultural expansion, peatland deforestation and conversion, logging, destruction of mangrove forests, and construction of hydroelectric power dams and flood mitigation channels pose significant challenges to fishery management in Sarawak. Our study documents the priority of fishery monitoring and conservation in Sarawak water bodies to ensure sustainable management of fisheries resources.
Socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers in Jessore, BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted the fish farmers in some selected area at sadar upazila in Jessore under the district of Jessore from September to December 2013. A total of 100 fishermen were selected by stratified random sampling method and interviewed. The average me mbers of single family were 5-6 people per household. Single families were much more (62 %) than joint families. Most of the fish far mers were Muslims 92% and few of them were Hindus 8%Most of them had the secondary educational background and some of them with different levels of higher education. It was found that the number of school going children was 2-3 per house. Full katcha (17 %) houses were few, while the semi-pucca (40%) and pucca (43%) houses were more abundant. Regarding health and sanitation, 31% fishermen reported to suffer fro m gastric and 17% suffered from fever. Most of the interviewees were found to take credit facilities from different sources for the subsistence of their family and their venture. The 98% were found to have their tube-wells, others using Governmental tube-well, or those belonging to schools or neighbors However, they need more institutional, organizational, and technical and credit support for their better socioeconomic and sustainable livelihood.
Socio-economic condition of fish fry and fingerling traders in greater Jessor...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to assess the livelihood status of fish fry and fingerling traders and socioeconomic condition in the greater Jessore, Bangladesh from April 2013 to September 2013. Data were collected through the use of well-structured questionnaire from the selected area. 73% of traders have single family but only 27% have joint family. 45% fish fry and fingerling traders family has four members. 20% family has five members, 14% family has six members, 12% family has three members 9%family has seven to eight members respectively. 92% traders has own bank account but only 7% traders uses their bank account when they trade fry and fingerling. 87% traders have secondary business like rickshaw business, fruit business, cloth business, fish trading etc. Among 300 fish fry and fingerling traders the sanitation facilities are present 100%. It was found that 69% and 31% of fish farmers used semi-pucca and pucca toilet respectively. Among 300 fish fry and fingerling traders 78% of traders have own house but only 22% of trader live in rental house or place. 46% of traders have institutional education that range from primary to higher education and other 54% of traders have no experience in education. In case of illness 58% of traders and trader's family goes to government hospital, 24% uses private clinic, 15% traders are uses local village doctor and another 3% does not get any treatment or not require no treatment. 93% traders have television, 5% house consist radio and another 2% house no instrument for entertainment. Only 10% trader wants their son and grandson engages with this fish fry and fingerling trading profession. The average monthly income of traders in the peak season is 18000 taka and off-peak season the income is less than 7000 taka per month.
Marketing of fish and fishery products in Dinajpur and livelihoods of the fis...AbdullaAlAsif1
Marketing of fish and fishery products in Dinajpur and livelihoods of the fish retailers were studied during the period from January to May, 2013. A total of 60 fish retailers were interviewed for obtaining pertinent data. A survey questionnaire was developed, pre-tested and finally used for collection of data. The collected data were tabulated using conventional statistical tools. The result showed that the livelihoods of a large number of people are associated with fish and fishery products distribution and marketing in six different markets. Three types of marketing channel were found to be operated in the selected markets. The shorter marketing chain which included the fish farmers, retailers and consumers was found to be more beneficial to the fish producers. Fish traders in village markets generally operate a capital of around TK. 8,000-10,000 and traders in town markets a capital of around TK. 10,000-20,000 per day. It was found that most of the fish traders used their own money. Price of fish depends on market structure, species, and freshness, supply demand of fish and size of fishes. There are seasonal variation in prices with the highest in summer (March to May), and lowest in pre-winter: (September to November) during the fish harvesting season. Different types of dried and salted fish were sold in the markets. Traders have broadly improved their food consumption facilities, standard of living, and purchasing power as an economic sector. However, the unhygienic conditions of the marketplace, lack of ice facilities, poor infrastructure, inadequate storage and poor transportation facilities were reported to be the major constraints hindering the marketing system in the surveyed areas. It is therefore necessary to provision of governmental, institutional and banking assistance for improvement of the marketing system.
Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) marketing system in greater Jessore region,...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was carried out to access on the present status of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) marketing in Jessore sadar in Jessore district. Study period was carried out during June 2013 to December 2013. For the market survey, two important fish markets in Jessore town, namely Boro Bazaar and Rail-station Bazaar Similarly, two important local fish markets in the Jessore Sadar namely Churamonkati Bazaar and Ambot-tola Bazaar were selected to carry out comparative studies of tilapia marketing between town and local markets. A total of 80 traders were interviewed in Local and Town markets, 40 in each area. In the study area 55% of harvested tilapias are sold to the local agents, while the rest (45%) are sold to the suppliers and about 60% of tilapias are transported to the boro bazaar. The rest (40%) of the tilapia, which are under-sized, are transported to nearby local markets. The average farm-gate prices of tilapia varied between Tk 55 and Tk 85 per kg. According to the survey, a wholesaler typically operates with capital of around Tk 11,968 per day, ranging from Tk 8,350 to Tk 27,125 per day. According to the survey, 70% of wholesalers used their own money for fish marketing including tilapia, while the rest (30%) received loans. In the study area tilapia comes from Jhenidah, Satkhira, Jessore then it is supplied to Boro Bazar to wholesaler then it is distributed towards local market. Around 20 to 25 individuals are associated with fish trading including tilapia, except for Boro Bazaar which is larger. The total average marketing costs from producers to consumers was calculated to be Tk 13.02 per kg of tilapia which is sub-divided into: primary market – Tk 3.25 (25%), secondary market – Tk 4.75 (36%), and retail market – Tk 5.02 (39%). In the study area, tilapia prices are generally lower between September and December, rising during the following four to five months. The highest average marketing margin and profit per kilogram of tilapia was found in secondary market, followed by retail and primary market. The proportion of respondents identifying poor road and transport facilities was 24%. Only 20% and 12% of traders identified lack of money for this business. In case of socio economic condition traders 25% has earthen house and 65% has Pucca house and 10% has Semi pucca house. In the study area about 35% traders goes to the MBBS and rest of 65% is goes to the quack or non trained doctor. Traders has earthen toilet of 27%, Pucca toilet is 50% and Semi pucca is 23%. All traders have education at some level, which implies that the reported literacy rate is 83%. Most traders were quite young, with an average age estimated at 36 with a range from 23 to 57. The average family size of tilapia traders was estimated at 5.5 in a single family.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
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Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
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Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
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UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
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The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
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WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittagong, Bangladesh
1. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3), 315-322; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v4i3.38471
Asian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research
ISSN 2411-4472 (Print) 2412-5571 (Online)
www.ebupress.com/journal/ajmbr
Article
Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittagong,
Bangladesh
Md. Atiqul Islam Mondal1*
, M.A. Kader1
, Md. Rashed-Un-Nabi1
, Abdullah Al Mamun Siddiqui1
, Md Masum
Billah1,2,3
and Abdulla-Al-Asif 4,5
1
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
2
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3
Department of Environmental Conservation, School of Science University of Greenwich, Medway Campus,
Chatham Maritime, Kent, United Kingdom
4
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202,
Bangladesh
5
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore
University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
*Corresponding author: Md Atiqul Islam Mondal, Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of
Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh. Phone: +8801712286263; E-mail: atiqimsf@gmail.com
Received: 07 September 2018/Accepted: 25 September 2018/ Published: 30 September 2018
Abstract: The present investigation was conducted from May to December 2005 at Kumira, the representative
area of Chittagong coast for bio-socioeconomic analysis of ESBN fishery. In catch composition of Kumira, it
was observed that finfish occupied 77.03 %, shrimp 19.82 % and crab 3.15 % and the average catch per boat per
day were found 16.6 kg in Kumira. The highest total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in October at
Kumira. The lowest catch was found (2 kg) in August at Kumira. The average total catch per landing center per
month was found 14805 kg at Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira
and the average cost per boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in the study area. Average sale per month was
found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira. During the month July and August most of the fishermen were engaged in
Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net resulting the total catch was with ESBN lowest in those months.
Keywords: bio-economic; ESBN fishery; coastal area; Chittagong; Bangladesh
1. Introduction
Bangladesh is endowed with vast inland and marine water resources where large numbers of fishermen are
engaged in fishing. Fisheries sector provides full time employment to an estimated 20 million people comprising
of full time fishermen, small fish traders, fish transporters, processors, packers etc, (World Bank, 1998). Beside
this, about 10 million people are directly or indirectly involved in fishing and /or related occupation
(Nuruzzaman, 1990). The amount of fishermen in dissimilar sub-sector of fisheries amplified promptly for the
former few years (Islam, 1994). One single operation of any type of fishing gear in any fishing area brings in a
number of species of varies sizes and ages. It also has the complexity of multi-gear fisheries system making the
situation further complex for management and conservation of the resources for sustainable use. Bangladesh has
a coastline of 480 km along the North and North-East part of the Bay of Bengal. It has an internal estuarine
water area of 7,325 sq. nautical miles up to 10 fathom depth baseline, territorial waters of 2,640 sq. nautical
miles from the baseline, EEZ of 41,040 sq. nautical miles and the continental shelf of 2,480 sq. nautical miles.
The total of marine water areas is about 48,365 sq. na, miles which is almost as big as the country itself. The
marine catch increased from 95,000 MT in 1975-76 to 250480 MT in 1992-93 an increase of about 265%. This
2. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3) 316
has been possible due to Government‟s encouragement for the introduction of deep sea fleet of 70 trawlers (out
of which 56 are in operation now) and over 6,000 mechanized boats in the Bay of Bengal yet, there remain
much unexplored areas for development of off-shore fishing (Hussain, 1994; Barua et al., 2014). Increasing
pressure on the costal resources has caused decline of many of the marine fish and shrimp stocks. The general
belief that the continental shelf of Bangladesh is a treasure of fish for unlimited exploitation that has led to a
production oriented strategy and thus resulted in some cases overexploitation of resources. The management of
the EEZ is also very multifaceted. Fishery resources play a very important role in economy of Bangladesh and
about 80% of the animal proteins contributed by the fisheries item. About 10.7% million people are directly or
indirectly related with different fishery activity (Khan, 1982). The development and expansions of the shrimp
fisheries of Bangladesh during the past ten years have been rapid. The discovery of productive fishing ground in
the offshore and inshore belt of the coast, introduction of mechanized fishing boats and modern technique of
bottom trawling, establishment of processing and export trade industry, and ever increasing demand for marine
fishes in the international markets contributed to progressive development (Pauly and Zeller, 2016; Barua et al.,
2014). However, this process of development intricate conversation and management of the exploited fish
stocks for the continued sustenance of the fishery. It is also being pointed out that a systematic and planned
survey on the shrimp resource of the country may be undertaken immediately to understand the extent of the
resource available at present and for sustained fishing operation in the inshore region and unexploited grounds
in the offshore or deep-sea region (Hussain and Hoq, 2010; Lodge et al., 2017; Ullah et al., 2014). The Bay
offers a potential source of fisheries for Bangladesh. A total of 490 species of belonging to 133 families were
recorded and out of these 65 species are of commercial importance (Jit et al., 2014; Amin et al., 2006; Ghosh et
al., 2016; Islam, 2003; Miah et al., 2015; Johnson and Welch, 2009). Of these, Scylla serrata, Portunus
pelagicus and P. sanguinolentus are commercially important.7 species of squid and 2 species of cattle fish or
sepia have been recorded from the Bay of Bengal (Shafi and Quddus, 1982). 165 species of algae have been
recorded from the Saint Martin Island, Sundarban area and the coast area of Chittagong (Islam, 1976). 17 taxa
families of soft-bottom invertebrates are identified in Feni River which is adjacent to Bay of Bengal (Matin et
al., 2018).
About 185 species of fish are exploited by fishermen operating estuarine set bagnets. There include 15 species
of penaeid shrimp, three nonpenaeids, nine freshwater prawns, three crabs, three mollusks, 90 pelagic finfish
and 62 demersal finfish (Islam et al., 1992). Many of the finfish and shellfish species are also caught by other
major interactive gear, such as marine set bagnet, beach seine, push net, trammel net, bottom long line and trawl
(Pauly and Zeller, 2016). A few finfish species are caught either as targeted species or by catch, by the Hilsa
gillnet operated in the marine sector. The estuarine set bag net fishery has traditionally been organized as a
family enterprise in many parts of Bangladesh. Three is a high degree of involvement of family members in its
operation and repair. Marketing and traditional processing are also taken up by family members (Alam, 2001).
The socioeconomic conditions of estuarine fisher folk was made primarily by conducting a detailed bio-
economic enquiry into the operations of ESBN fisheries and other fisheries and by examining how certain social
features relations (family size participation of family members in fisheries, fishery-related and no fishery jobs
distribution and ownership of fishing assets sharing of catch value etc. (Thomson et al., 1993; Habib, 2010;
Mondal et al., 2018).
Since the ESBN fishery involve 55000 fishermen and 150000 dependences, it would not be easy to withdraw
the nets at once stroke, leading such a big community to starvation. It appears that area and season closer would
help substantially for time being. Length modal progression and the peak season for catch rates in ESBN (such
as July to September and to a slightly lesser extent during February to April) show that regulating the operation
of ESBN during this period even in the single stratum may be vulnerable as well as possible. The income of
ESBN fishermen in this stratum is at least 3 times more than in other strata and they live much above the
poverty level. They also have alternate sources of income and they live close to trammel and bottom long line
fishing areas. Many of them are familiar with those methods of fishing. So transferring some of these fisher folk
to trammel netting and long line would be much easier and feasible than those of the other stratum (Khan, 1994;
Islam et al., 2017; Viswanathan and Jahan, 2010). The present study was conducted to evaluate the catch
composition of ESBN fishery; to observe monthly fluctuation of fishes and to suggest some proper management
practices of ESBN fishery resources.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study area and periods
The study was conducted in an ESBN fishing village Kumira; coordinates 22°30'58.9"N and 91°41'37.1"E
during January to December, 2005.
3. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3) 317
2.2. Data collection
Biological data collection started from January to December, 2005; it included catch and species composition
and prices of the various commercial fishes collected by ESBN. Data were collected by sampling fishing vessels
operating the ESBN. Fishing effort of ESBN fishery was estimated. These data were then used to estimate
production and revenue from the ESBN. Subsequently, this information was utilized to assess the ESBN stock
in the area.
2.3. Bio-economic analysis
2.3.1. Species composition of the catches
Catch and species composition data were treated separately for each fishing gear due to the differences in
fishing efficiency of catch gear and the different criteria used for sorting the shrimp into various commercial
categories. Around 5 to 10 kg of mixed fishes was directly collected from the fish baskets when the fishing
boats came to the landing center. Samples were collected for two days in every month. The days were the full
moon in each month and the next day. The samples were than transport in to laboratory and finally sorted into
different group or species. The weight of each group of species was taken and their percentage composition was
determined.
2.3.2. Effort estimation
Fishing effort with the various gears was obtained from interviews with the fishing gear-operators and shrimp-
collectors as well as from direct observations of the vessels engaged in fishing. Direct observations of fishing
effort using bag nets were not possible as this gear is operated off a small. Fishing effort, therefore, had to be
estimated based on interviews with the operators of this gear. Correct estimation of fishing effort is very
important, as monthly production figures for each species are dependent on it.
2.3.3. Sampling of catch and effort
Catch and effort data, with details of number of craft, number of ESBN net, number of huals/day, trip/day, catch
per boat, catch/trip etc. were collected at the fishing. Information on total landing for a number of boat and the
number of hauls/ day, estimated number of fishing days per month, species composition of catch (by weight),
and value (Taka) for each species for caught was collected at the landing sites.
2.3.4. Estimation of total catch
The boats were selected and fish baskets in each selected boats were counted and their weight was confirmed
thought particularly discussion with the fishermen of the study area.
2.3.5. Estimation total effort
Monthly total effort in involved in the landing centre for ESBN fishing was calculated by the following formula:
Total effort (boat) = (Number of boat/trip) X (Number of trip/day) X (number of fishing/month)
2.3.6. Estimation of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE)
Total CPUE was calculated with the following formula:
CPUE=(Catch/month) / (boat/month)
2.4. Cost and earning
Monthly data of cost and earning were collected for every month regularly. The monthly gross revenue for each
species or group of shrimp or fin fish caught by a unit was obtained by multiplying the monthly mean catch rate
of the species, or group, by the average price of the species/group, the number of fishing days and the average
number of hauls per day.
2.5. Data analysis
Entire collected data were précised and inspected cautiously and documented. Afterward assortment of data,
these were revised and notched. In conclusion, significant tables were prepared in accordance with the
objectives of the study. Data presented mostly in the tabular form and bar chart as well as pie chart because it is
simple in calculation, widely used and easy to understand. Data were analyzed using the Microsoft excel 2007.
4. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3) 318
3. Results
3.1. Species composition of the catches
In the village of Kumira, finfish comprised the highest 81.23%, shrimp 15.58% and crab 3.19% in the
proportion of catches annually. Harpodon nehereus (Bombay duck) showed the highest 28.41% in Kumira in
the annual catch of the ESBN. In composition of P. japonicus possessed 8.60% , other Penaiedaee shrimp
11.22%, Johnius sp. (Crooker) 21.88% & Coila sp. 6.37%, Polynemus paradesius 10.28% and crab 3.19%,
Gobiidae (O. rubicandus) 4.50% for the village Kumira. In kumira, ribbon fish (L. savala) 0.12% comprised the
lowest (Table 1 and 2).
Table 1. Seasonal variation of species composition (weight in gram) of the ESBN fishery in the Kumira.
Catch composition (weight in gram)
Common Name Species/group May June July Aug Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Cat fish Aereus sp. 54 60 120
Chiring machh Apocryptus bato (sp.) 35 10 5 „55
Puiya Bregmerossis sp. 80 65 55 25 200 18 30 80
Flat fish Cynoglossus sp. 40 35 40 10 78 18 80 20
Coila sp. 1440 1250 740 750 95 72 60 35
Moilla Escualusa thorakata 100 80 120 85
Bombay duck Harpodon sp. 1360 960 570 588 335 1000 2000 1250
Johuinius sp. 160 80 60 65 70 410 440
Ribbon fish Lepturacanthus sp. 0 20 0 0 9 30 20
Mullet Mugil sp 40 15 0 40
Polynemus
paradesius
40 50 45 840 360 800
Platycephalus sp. 60 200 24 25
Silago sp. 0 20 50 0 70
Satiphina sp. 80 75 50 42 230 150 70
Chewa O. rubicandus 340 250 254 15 18 280 50
Crab Crab 20 30 50 55 240 16 100 50
Shrimp P. japonicus 340 220 250 220 250 310 340 350
P. merguensis 80 60 50 62 80 100 340 160
P. teneupes 40 0
P. stylifera 80 50 75 0 230 5 60
Other 220 230 185 270 220
Table 2. Proportion (%) of different species/groups.
Group Species % by species % by group
Fin Fishes
Bregmerossis sp. 1.28
77.03
Aureus sp. 0.4
Cynoglossus sp. 0.51
Coila sp. 6.37
Escualusa thorakata 0.69
Harpodon sp. 28.41
Johuinius sp. 21.88
Lepturacanthus sp. 0.12
Mugil sp. 0.24
Polynemus paradesius 10.28
Platycephalus 0.27
Silago sp. 0.30
Satiphina sp. 1.78
O. rubicandus 4.50
Shrimp
Penaeus japonicus 8.60
19.82
P. merguensis 3.71
P. stylifera 0.08
Other 7.43
Crab 3.19 3.15
5. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3) 319
3.2. Estimation of total catch
Average catch per boat per trip was found 8.8 kg with highest 25 kg in the month of October and lowest (2 kg)
in the month of August at Kumira. Average catch per boat per day were found 16.6kg in Kumira. The highest
total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in the month of October in Kumira. The lowest catch was found
(2 kg) in August for Kumira. The average total catch per boat per month was 498 kg with the highest (1500 kg)
in the month of October and the lowest (60 kg) in the month of August at Kumira. The average total catch per
landing center per month was found 14805 kg with the highest (49500 kg) in the month of October and lowest
(600 kg) in the month of August at Kumira (Table 3). During the month July and August most of the fishermen
were engaged in Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net. Their target catch was Hilsa sp. and usually they do not
operate ESBN at that time. As a result, the total catch was found lowest in those months.
Table 3. Catch and effort estimation of the ESBN fishery in the Kumira.
Months Catch
(kg)/boat
/trip
Trip
/day
Catch
(kg)
/boat
/day
Total
catch
(kg)
/boat
/month
No. of
boat
operated/
day
Total
catch (kg)/
landing
center/
month
Net/
boat
Catch
(kg)/
net/day
Fisher
men
/ boat
Catch
(kg)/
fisherman
/day
Catch
(kg)/
fisherman
/month
May 15 2 30 900 28 25200 4 7.5 6 5 150
June 5 1 5 150 21 3150 4 1.25 4 1.25 37.5
July 3 1 3 90 22 1980 5 0.6 4 0.75 22.5
Aug 2 1 2 60 10 600 4 0.5 4 0.5 15
Sept 4 2 8 240 15 3600 6 1.33 5 1.6 48
Oct. 25 2 50 1500 33 49500 6 8.33 5 10 300
Nov. 21 2 42 1260 31 39060 5 8.4 4 10.5 315
Dec 13 2 26 780 32 24960 6 4.33 6 4.33 129.9
Average 8.8 1.3 16.6 498 19.2 14805 4 3.224 3.8 3.393 101.79
3.3. Effort estimation
Four fishermen operated 4 nets per trip on an average at Kumira. The average catch per net per day was found
3.22 kg with the highest 8.33 kg in the month of October and the lowest 0.5 kg in the month of August at
Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira. The average catch per
fishermen per month was found 101.79 kg at Kumira. The highest average catch per fishermen per month was
found 315 kg at Kumira in November. The lowest catch per fishermen per month was found 15 kg at Kumira in
August (Table 3).
3.4. Cost and earning
The price of the mixed species of fish and shrimp ranged from Tk. 25 to 45 per kg in Kumira. The highest value
of Tk. 45 of mixed species was found in the month of July and the lowest Tk. 25 in October. Average cost per
boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in Kumira. Maximum cost was 11,500 Tk during high fishing season for
greater involvement of crew and fuel. Average sale per month was found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira with the
highest sale of 37,800 Tk in November at Kumira. The fish price per kg of mixed species was 35.5 Tk and 28
Tk in that month. The lowest income was showed during the month of August (Table 4).
Table 4. Comparison cost and earning per boat for ESBN catches in Kumira.
Months Cost/boat/month
(Tk)
Total catch
(kg)/boat/month
Market price of mixed
species (Tk/kg)
Total sale (Tk.) Income/month
Kumira Kumira Kumira Kumira Kumira
May 10000 900 28 25200 15200
June 6500 160 42 6720 220
July 5000 120 45 5400 400
August 2000 60 42 2520 520
September 8500 240 40 9600 1100
October 11500 1500 25 37500 26000
November 10000 1260 30 37800 27800
December 9000 780 32 24960 15960
Average 7813 627.5 35.5 18713 10900
6. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (3) 320
4. Discussion
The average catch composition of Bombay duck (Harpodon neherius) was found highest in the present
investigation followed by Shrimp. Ahmed (1981) and Munga et al. (2014) found highest result (9.64 %) of the
catch composition of Shrimp; Jit et al. (2014) investigated contribution (76%) to total catch in shark species;
Chowdhury et al. (2011) mentioned 21.5-31.5% of marine catch in Naaf river; Hossain et al. (2012) mentioned
Oxyurichthys microlepis, Hemiarius sona, Arius thalassinus, Batrachocephalus mino and Arius caelatus are the
major contributory species. Oh et al. (2010) found similar result in Malaysian coast. The highest catch rate and
composition was found in the month of October which is known as the most suitable season for fishing in
Bangladesh. The catch rate and composition was found lower in the winter season which is very identical with
the Khan (1982) report and with report Islam et al. (1992); FAO (1982); Jit et al. (2014) Ghosh et al. (2016);
Kar and Chakraborty, (2011) also reported that Acetees sp, Gobiodies and Bombay duck are the most dominant
species in ESBN. A very recent study done by Begum (2004) on the Salimpur coast showed that finfish
comprises highest followed by shrimp, crab and other invertebrates which is almost coincide with present study.
In the present investigation daily average production per boat was found 16.6 kg for Kumira which disagrees
with the daily average production of 56.55 kg in Kumira as reported by Islam et al. (1992). Begum (2004) and
Chakma (2004) found average catch per boat was 32 kg and 23.08 kg respectively and these reports also differ
from the results of the present study. Khan et al. (1997); Habib et al. (2014); Ahmed (1991) and Rabbani et al.
(2017); Nielsen et al. (2018); Nabi and Ullah, (2012) studied on the population parameters of these investigated
area and found over exploitation of the most commercial species and this also agrees with the present study.
Islam (1987) found the highest average daily production (231.68 kg) in the month of October; this agrees with
the present investigation the highest average daily production was found in the month of October in Kumira.
Though the amount of production greatly varied with the result of Hossain et al. (2012) and Mondal et al.
(2018); but the peak season was found the same. A details investigation regarding catch rate of Behundi Net was
conducted by Islam et al. (1993). In that investigation the highest catch rate (15.10 kg) was observed in
Moheshkhali, and the lowest in Kaligange (2.35 kg), similar result was also observed by Barua et al. (2014);
while Kumira had (3.10 kg). The highest catch rate of 25 Kg at Kumira which are higher than the result of Islam
et al. (1993). In the present investigation the average numbers of net per boat were 4 for Kumira while
according to Akerman (1986), average number of net per boat was 1.17 Kg. This report seems to be erroneous
as from the verbal discussion it was confirmed that some boats used to 6 to 8 nets in single trip which is similar
with the study of (Islam and Haque, 2004). The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg for
Kumira and these results coincide with 4.22 Kg as reported by Begum (1994) and 8 Kg as reported by Chakma
(1994).
5. Conclusions
Estuarine Setbagnet (ESBN) fishing is organized as a family enterprise, with active participation of the family in
fishing, marketing and processing. Although it is practiced almost round the year, fishermen seasonally shift to
other fisheries also i.e. Hilsha fishing by gill net. They also undertake a variety of non-fishing activities as part
time source of additional income.
Conflict of interest
None to declare.
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