Muhammad Hassan -Msc Applied Chemistry 4th Semester Government College University Faisalabad 2015 Design By Malik Xufyan

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2. Biodeisel Production From
Jatropha
Muhammad Hassan
Roll # 1311
Msc 4th Semester
Department Of Applied Chemistry and
Biochemistry
GC University Faisalabad
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3. Biodiesel
Conetents:
History and Background
Introduction
Production process
Application
Difference between Bioethanol and Biodiesel
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4. History and Background
Developed in the 1890s by
inventor Rudolph Diesel,
the diesel engine
has become
the engine of choice
for power, reliability,
and high fuel economy,
worldwide.
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5. Introduction
Bio-diesel, an alternative diesel fuel
It is made from re-new able biological sources like
vegetable oils and animal fats.
Similar to petroleum diesel fuel in structure
(straight chain) and number of carbon atoms (10 to
21)
 The Bio-diesel can be prepared by
Transesterification.
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6. Biodiesel FeedStock
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7. Production Process
Process steps:
Feedstock pretreatment
Reactions
Product purification
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8. Feedstock Pretreatment
Common feedstock used in biodiesel
production include yellow grease (recycled
vegetable oil), "virgin" vegetable oil,
and tallow.
Recycled oil is processed to remove impurities
from cooking, storage, and handling, such as
dirt, charred food, and water.
Virgin oils are refined
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9. Biodiesel Reaction
Transestrification:
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10. Biodiesel Production
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11. Product purification
Products of the reaction include not only
biodiesel, but also byproducts, soap, glycerol,
excess alcohol, and trace amounts of water.
Residual methanol is typically recovered by
distillation and reused.
 Soaps can be removed or converted into
acids.
Residual water is also removed from the fuel.
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12. Biodiesel from Different Oil
Plant Oil Alcohol Temperature Reaction Time Catalyst
Soybean and
Castor (Brazil)
Ethyl 70 3 Hours NaOH
Wastes frying oil Methyl 60 1 Hours NaOH
Rapeseed Methyl 60 33 mins KOH
Sunflower Methyl 25 45 mins KOH
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13. Application of Biodiesel
• Railway usage
• Aircraft use
• As a heating oil
• Cleaning oil spills
• Biodiesel in generators
• Vehicles
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14. Advantages-Disadvantages of Biodiesel
Can be used pure biodiesel B100. Biodiesel is significantly more
expensive compared to standard
diesel
Biodiesel has shorter ignition delay
compared to standard diesel
Biodiesel can release nitrogen oxide
which can lead to the formation of
smog.
Biodiesel has no sulfur content, and so
it doesn't contribute to acid rain
formation
Pure biodiesel has significant
problems with low temperatures
Biodiesel has good lubricating
properties better than standard diesel
Food Shortage can be occurred
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15. Comparison between Bioethanol & Biodiesel
Bioethanol Biodiesel
Process Fermentation Transesterification
Environmental Benefit Both reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Compatibility Blended E85 % B100 %
Costs Cheaper More expensive
Gallons per acre 420 gallons per acre 60 gallons per acre
soybeans.
Energy provides 93% more net
energy per gallon
produces only 25% more
net energy.
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