This document discusses the estimation and costing of soil and water conservation measures. It describes the different types of estimates needed including preliminary estimates, detailed estimates, revised estimates, and supplementary estimates. It provides details on how estimates are prepared including using data books, schedules of rates, and determining conveyance and lead/lift costs for different items. The key information included are the types of estimates needed for soil and water conservation projects, how rates are determined, and what components like labor, materials, and transportation are included in cost estimates.

1. ESTIMATION AND COSTING OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES

2. ESTIMATE “ An estimate is calculation or computation of the quantities of materials needed for a particular work and expenses likely to be incurred in the execution of the work

3. Necessity To assess the financial requirements For obtaining the approval and sanction of competent authority To assess the economic feasibility of the project

4. Types of estimates Preliminary estimate or rough cost estimate Detailed estimate Revised estimate Supplementary estimate

5. Preliminary estimate To decide the financial involvement for AS by the authority Cost of major components should be shown separately brief report and site plan needed Prepared based on practical knowlwdge and similar works undertaken in the past

6. Detailed estimate Based on the plan and sectional drawings Details of the works Quantities of diff items of works Cost of each item Contingencies etc

7. Revised estimate Is also a detailed estimate Prepared when original sanctioned estimate is likely to exceed during the execution of work. New components incorporated

8. Supplementary Estimate Detailed estimate of the additional work Is prepared when additional works are required to supplement the original work

9. Preparation of estimates Rates of items are worked out based on detailed data providing cost of materials, conveyance charges and labour as per schedule

10. DATA the data book deals with the quantities of materials and labour required for different items of work will remain unchanged by fluctuation in market rates

11. SOR-Schedule of rates Prepared by the chief engineer ,PWD Administration . Data from Economics and Statistics dept. and current market rates are taken into account is for estimating purpose Followed for original and maintenance works Consist of 2 volumes

12. Volume I Part 1- rates for labour Part 2 - rates for materials Part 3 – water supply and sanitary items Part4 – conveyance statement Volume II- rates for electrical items

13. Rates are exclusive of conveyance charges of materials to site of work Do not include contractor’s profit Present schedule – REVISED SOR 2010

14. Conveyance statement Actual distances are used . Taluk conveyance not used. Certificate –’’The distances noted in the data for conveyance from quarry or source have been personally verified by me and are found correct. These are the minimum leads required Rates available for lorry load, head load and boat load For hilly areas 15 % increase in rates are allowed

15. Lead Lead or distance for removal – horizontal distance between the vertical central line of the pit cross section and the bank which is formed with the excavated material . Measured in units of 50m Shortest practicable route

16. Lift Vertical distance ½ depth of the pit excavated +1/2 the height of bank formed with excavated earth +difference in level between the top of the pit and bottom of the bank

17. A-DEPTH OF PIT EXCAVATED B-HEIGHT OF BANK FORMED C-DIFF .BETWEEN TOP OF PIT & BOTTOM OF BANK LIFT =1/2A+1/2B+C

18. Earthwork excavation Excavation in different material to be estimated separately. Ordinary soil –Any material yields to the application of mammati ,spade or shovel Hard soil – Any material which requires the application of picks or scarifiers to loosen

19. Data for earthwork excavation Amount Rate unit Description of items Qty Sl no Rs. 817.65/10 m³ Total 817.65 Sub Total 569.25 207.00 E 0.75 Man (boy) 2.75 248.40 276.00 E Man 0.9 Earth work excavation in ordinary soil and depositing it with leadupto 50 m and lift upto 1.5 m including neat banking 10m 3 56

20. DR Masonry Amount Rate unit Description of items Qty Sl no Rs. 1,266.21/ m³ Total 193.20 276.00 E Man 0.7 299.00 373.75 E Mason 0.8 447.98 426.65 M 3 conveyance(13 km lorry load&200mheadload) 1.05 m³ 326.03 310.50 M 3 Cost of rubble 1.05 m³ Dry rubble masonry M 3 277