This document contains a series of multiple choice questions related to disaster management and public health emergencies. The questions cover topics such as disaster classification, epidemiology, risk assessment, early warning systems, and minimum standards for disaster response. Correct answers are not provided. The purpose seems to be to test knowledge around key concepts and terminology in public health emergency preparedness and disaster management.
This document discusses accident causation and workplace safety. It outlines several accident causation models from simple linear models to complex non-linear models. It also discusses factors that can lead to workplace accidents like lack of training or unsafe conditions. The document notes that accident investigations are important to identify causes and implement corrective actions to reduce risks. Finally, it discusses employees' rights to compensation and benefits for workplace injuries under relevant laws and regulations.
Nature of Environmental Hazards and Risks and there types.Musaddiq Ali
The document discusses different types of environmental hazards including biological, chemical, physical, and mechanical hazards. It defines hazards as agents that can potentially cause harm, and risk as the potential to gain or lose value such as health or money. Environmental hazards are substances or events that can threaten the natural environment and human health, and are categorized as chemical, physical, biological, mechanical, or psychosocial hazards. Specific examples of different hazard types are provided such as bacteria and viruses for biological hazards, and injuries from tools for mechanical hazards. In conclusion, various hazards can damage in different ways, either through physical injury or acute and chronic disease.
Emergency Preparedness is required by ISO 14001, please see the attached sample, that how we respond to a spill. It may help you in many regards like how to conduct an emergency spill response drill and how to report.
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
This document discusses the importance of safety culture in industrial workplaces. It provides examples of how organizational commitment to safety, training, leadership, communication, and worker engagement can develop a strong culture that makes safety the top priority. The document also summarizes two case studies that assessed safety culture - the 2012 London Olympics construction projects which measured safety climate, and a Las Vegas construction project where a survey found priorities of productivity over safety and lack of management commitment. It concludes that cultivating a sustained safety culture is key to industrial safety.
First Aid I First Aid Training I HSE Presentation | Gaurav Singh RajputGaurav Singh Rajput
This document provides information on first aid for various injuries and medical emergencies. It discusses the importance of first aid and having a well-stocked first aid kit. It then provides guidance on administering first aid for cuts and scrapes, puncture wounds, shock, and burns. For each type of injury, it describes how to identify the injury, clean and dress wounds, treat for bleeding, infection, and pain, and determine whether further medical care is needed. The overall document serves as a reference for providing prompt and proper first aid treatment to prolong life, alleviate suffering, and avoid further injury until emergency medical help arrives.
This document contains a series of multiple choice questions related to disaster management and public health emergencies. The questions cover topics such as disaster classification, epidemiology, risk assessment, early warning systems, and minimum standards for disaster response. Correct answers are not provided. The purpose seems to be to test knowledge around key concepts and terminology in public health emergency preparedness and disaster management.
This document discusses accident causation and workplace safety. It outlines several accident causation models from simple linear models to complex non-linear models. It also discusses factors that can lead to workplace accidents like lack of training or unsafe conditions. The document notes that accident investigations are important to identify causes and implement corrective actions to reduce risks. Finally, it discusses employees' rights to compensation and benefits for workplace injuries under relevant laws and regulations.
Nature of Environmental Hazards and Risks and there types.Musaddiq Ali
The document discusses different types of environmental hazards including biological, chemical, physical, and mechanical hazards. It defines hazards as agents that can potentially cause harm, and risk as the potential to gain or lose value such as health or money. Environmental hazards are substances or events that can threaten the natural environment and human health, and are categorized as chemical, physical, biological, mechanical, or psychosocial hazards. Specific examples of different hazard types are provided such as bacteria and viruses for biological hazards, and injuries from tools for mechanical hazards. In conclusion, various hazards can damage in different ways, either through physical injury or acute and chronic disease.
Emergency Preparedness is required by ISO 14001, please see the attached sample, that how we respond to a spill. It may help you in many regards like how to conduct an emergency spill response drill and how to report.
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
This document discusses the importance of safety culture in industrial workplaces. It provides examples of how organizational commitment to safety, training, leadership, communication, and worker engagement can develop a strong culture that makes safety the top priority. The document also summarizes two case studies that assessed safety culture - the 2012 London Olympics construction projects which measured safety climate, and a Las Vegas construction project where a survey found priorities of productivity over safety and lack of management commitment. It concludes that cultivating a sustained safety culture is key to industrial safety.
First Aid I First Aid Training I HSE Presentation | Gaurav Singh RajputGaurav Singh Rajput
This document provides information on first aid for various injuries and medical emergencies. It discusses the importance of first aid and having a well-stocked first aid kit. It then provides guidance on administering first aid for cuts and scrapes, puncture wounds, shock, and burns. For each type of injury, it describes how to identify the injury, clean and dress wounds, treat for bleeding, infection, and pain, and determine whether further medical care is needed. The overall document serves as a reference for providing prompt and proper first aid treatment to prolong life, alleviate suffering, and avoid further injury until emergency medical help arrives.
This presentation includes the basic knowledge of personal protective equipment with a lot of understandable knowledge and also how to use it properly. I hope all the finders liked it and also remember me in your precious Dua. Thank You!
Crowdsourcing for Disaster Response and Emergency MovementCrowdsourcing Week
This document discusses the use of crowdsourcing for disaster response and emergency management. It notes that while official agencies often use social media to share real-time updates, data from the public can also be timely and validated. Crowdsourcing involves actively engaging the public to complete specific tasks, allowing for two-way feedback. The document outlines some typical misconceptions but argues that digital volunteers often have verification protocols and leverage official sources, producing data that can be as or more accurate than official sources. Examples are provided of past activations where crowdsourcing supported responses to hurricanes through activities like mapping buildings and roads in Puerto Rico and tracking hospital statuses.
The document outlines the important components of an effective emergency response plan, including identifying potential emergencies and hazards, procedures for notification, evacuation, sheltering, and accounting for all employees. It emphasizes that emergency plans should be tailored to each facility and address the specific risks, while also ensuring all staff are properly trained on their roles and responsibilities. The goal of an emergency plan is to improve safety and response coordination during crisis situations.
This document discusses accident prevention theory and risk management. It covers several accident causation theories including the domino theory, human factors theory, accident/incident theory, epidemiological theory, systems theory, and combination theory. The domino theory proposed by Heinrich in the 1930s views accidents as resulting from a chain of events beginning with social environment and ancestry factors. The human factors theory attributes accidents to overload, inappropriate responses, and inappropriate activities leading to human error. The accident/incident theory extends this by including ergonomic traps and decisions to err. Risk assessment and management are also described as important aspects of accident prevention.
Characteristics of safe and resilient communities and key determinants of suc...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document summarizes a presentation on defining and achieving resilience through community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR). It discusses a study conducted after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to identify the characteristics of safe and resilient communities. The study found common characteristics across communities in different countries, including being knowledgeable, organized, having infrastructure and economic opportunities. The presentation recommends developing standardized resilience indicators and integrating them into CBDRR program evaluations.
The document provides tips for workers to prevent heat stress such as drinking water, taking breaks in cool areas, monitoring urine color, and reporting any issues to supervisors. It describes symptoms of heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke and emphasizes that heat stroke is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment and cooling of the body. Risk factors for heat stress are discussed including age, weight, fitness level, and recent illness; responsibilities of workers and supervisors are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of basic workplace hazard awareness. It discusses the objectives of identifying how injuries can affect daily life, common symptoms, exposures, and hazards. Several types of hazards are listed such as chemical, biological, ergonomic, work organization, safety, and physical hazards. The hierarchy of controls framework is introduced as a method to manage hazards. Examples of engineering controls are given to limit hazards at their source. Specific standards for asbestos and resources from OSHA are also mentioned, including health hazard evaluations and requirements for maintaining an OSHA 300 log of workplace injuries and illnesses.
Corporate social responsibilty and occupational healthAhmed-Refat Refat
Corporate responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development by working with employees, their families, the local community and society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for business and for development
This document provides information about different types of terrorist attacks and hazardous materials that first responders may encounter. It discusses explosives like IEDs and vehicle bombs, noting indicators and response procedures. Chemical attacks using nerve agents, blister agents, blood agents, and choking agents are described. The effects of each type of agent are summarized. Stand-off distances and response within an ICS framework are also covered.
The document discusses Process Safety Management (PSM) and provides an overview of its key elements. PSM is a comprehensive management system that proactively avoids incidents in hazardous industries handling toxic chemicals. It integrates risk management across 14 elements, including employee participation, process hazard analysis, operating procedures, training, and compliance audits. The presentation aims to help organizations manage process safety risks in a more structured way.
Cement has been used for so many years around the world as a staple of engineering,construction and all-around building projects, but so little has been taught about the potential hazards that are hidden within this seemingly simple and innocent compound.
Cement rash and cement burns are among the most common causes of accidents or injuries having to do with cement. To learn more about cement safety please read this informative article: https://www.realsafety.org/2014/08/cement-safety-guidelines-for-protecting-your-skin/ .
This quick study on those dangers can help you more quickly detect, recognize and avoid them fairly easily with just a small bit of knowledge on how cement works and what the underlying reason for the injuries is.
Creative Safety Supply offers many of the PPE elements required to to work safely with cement and we encourage you to visit our website to see for yourself that quality, price and, most importantly, your safety, are top priority for us: http://www.creativesafetysupply.com
PPE refers to the safety equipment such as coveralls, googles, gloves, boots, helmet etc. that workers use to ensure safety at work. It addresses hazards including electrical, physical, chemical, biohazards, and other severe working conditions. For instance, it is safe to deal with dangerous chemicals when you are fully equipped with suitable PPE.
The document discusses developing a safety education and training program. The key steps are:
1) Identifying the need for training by assessing differences between actual and desired safety performance. This involves discussions with management and employees.
2) Formulating the program aims and objectives, which can be either trainer-oriented or focused on changing learner behavior.
3) Detailing the course contents, which may include topics on management techniques, engineering approaches, and safe work practices.
4) Selecting an appropriate course method such as lectures, discussions, case studies, or demonstrations to suit the objectives and participant level. The goal is to improve safety knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Major factors causing accidents include poor knowledge of equipment, overconfidence, taking risks, being in a hurry, horseplay, lack of concentration, poor quality tools, using tools unsuitably, miscommunication, and not following safety procedures. Accident statistics show that 42% are due to equipment abuse, poor maintenance, and tools; 31% are from design flaws and unreliable protections; and 27% are from unsafe workplaces, confusing instructions, lack of concentration, and not following procedures to save time. To prevent accidents, precautions should be taken by workers and safety considered starting in the design phase, with formal policies and procedures, a safety coordinator, regular inspections, proper tools, and trainings.
This document provides guidance on basic first aid procedures including assessing the scene and victim, controlling bleeding, treating shock, burns, and other common injuries. It emphasizes the importance of initial assessment to identify life-threatening issues and determine if the victim is conscious before providing care. Proper first aid procedures such as direct pressure, elevation, and use of pressure points are outlined to control bleeding. Steps are also described for treating shock, burns, fractures, heart attacks, and other conditions.
The document discusses disaster risk reduction and management in the Philippines under Republic Act 10121. It defines a disaster and outlines the country's high disaster risk profile due to its location and vulnerability to natural hazards like earthquakes, typhoons, and flooding exacerbated by climate change. It describes the Philippine disaster risk reduction and management system established by RA 10121 which created the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council and regional, provincial, and local councils to coordinate disaster management from the national to community level using an integrated approach.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation on personal protective equipment (PPE) used in general industry settings. It covers the key types of PPE like head, eye and face protection, respiratory protection, hearing protection, hand protection, and foot and leg protection. For each type of PPE, the presentation describes common hazards protected against, examples of PPE used, and any relevant standards. It also discusses the hierarchy of controls and employer and employee responsibilities related to PPE. The overall purpose is to provide an introduction and overview of PPE requirements and selections for general industry workplaces.
The document discusses disaster risk reduction (DRR) and its key components. It defines DRR as actions taken to reduce disaster risks and impacts. The main components of DRR are identified as mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation aims to reduce risks before a disaster through measures like land use planning. Preparedness develops early warning systems and emergency response plans. Response provides relief during disasters. Recovery rebuilds infrastructure with a focus on mitigation to reduce future risks.
1. First aid involves providing immediate care for injuries and illnesses until full medical treatment can be received.
2. First aid kits should contain supplies to stop bleeding, treat wounds, prevent infection, immobilize fractures, and address other common medical emergencies.
3. Proper first aid procedures exist for injuries and conditions like bleeding, sprains, burns, choking, shock, and heat/cold exposure. The goal is to stabilize the patient and reduce further harm until emergency help arrives.
This presentation will make you aware of some of the dangers created by the criminal element in our society. It will show you how to avoid certain kinds of situations that present a danger to your safety. And it will give you some options if you ever find yourself caught up in one of these dangerous situations.
Empowering Oneself With Personal Safety Education 2009slakhansen
This document provides tips on home, vehicle, and personal security. It outlines various safety measures people can take to secure their home, such as installing motion-activated lights, strengthening doors and windows, using alarms, and avoiding leaving notes on the door. It also gives advice for staying safe in vehicles, on the street, and when handling money. The document stresses being aware of one's surroundings, trusting instincts, and knowing what to do and what information to provide to police in dangerous situations.
This presentation includes the basic knowledge of personal protective equipment with a lot of understandable knowledge and also how to use it properly. I hope all the finders liked it and also remember me in your precious Dua. Thank You!
Crowdsourcing for Disaster Response and Emergency MovementCrowdsourcing Week
This document discusses the use of crowdsourcing for disaster response and emergency management. It notes that while official agencies often use social media to share real-time updates, data from the public can also be timely and validated. Crowdsourcing involves actively engaging the public to complete specific tasks, allowing for two-way feedback. The document outlines some typical misconceptions but argues that digital volunteers often have verification protocols and leverage official sources, producing data that can be as or more accurate than official sources. Examples are provided of past activations where crowdsourcing supported responses to hurricanes through activities like mapping buildings and roads in Puerto Rico and tracking hospital statuses.
The document outlines the important components of an effective emergency response plan, including identifying potential emergencies and hazards, procedures for notification, evacuation, sheltering, and accounting for all employees. It emphasizes that emergency plans should be tailored to each facility and address the specific risks, while also ensuring all staff are properly trained on their roles and responsibilities. The goal of an emergency plan is to improve safety and response coordination during crisis situations.
This document discusses accident prevention theory and risk management. It covers several accident causation theories including the domino theory, human factors theory, accident/incident theory, epidemiological theory, systems theory, and combination theory. The domino theory proposed by Heinrich in the 1930s views accidents as resulting from a chain of events beginning with social environment and ancestry factors. The human factors theory attributes accidents to overload, inappropriate responses, and inappropriate activities leading to human error. The accident/incident theory extends this by including ergonomic traps and decisions to err. Risk assessment and management are also described as important aspects of accident prevention.
Characteristics of safe and resilient communities and key determinants of suc...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document summarizes a presentation on defining and achieving resilience through community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR). It discusses a study conducted after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to identify the characteristics of safe and resilient communities. The study found common characteristics across communities in different countries, including being knowledgeable, organized, having infrastructure and economic opportunities. The presentation recommends developing standardized resilience indicators and integrating them into CBDRR program evaluations.
The document provides tips for workers to prevent heat stress such as drinking water, taking breaks in cool areas, monitoring urine color, and reporting any issues to supervisors. It describes symptoms of heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke and emphasizes that heat stroke is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment and cooling of the body. Risk factors for heat stress are discussed including age, weight, fitness level, and recent illness; responsibilities of workers and supervisors are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of basic workplace hazard awareness. It discusses the objectives of identifying how injuries can affect daily life, common symptoms, exposures, and hazards. Several types of hazards are listed such as chemical, biological, ergonomic, work organization, safety, and physical hazards. The hierarchy of controls framework is introduced as a method to manage hazards. Examples of engineering controls are given to limit hazards at their source. Specific standards for asbestos and resources from OSHA are also mentioned, including health hazard evaluations and requirements for maintaining an OSHA 300 log of workplace injuries and illnesses.
Corporate social responsibilty and occupational healthAhmed-Refat Refat
Corporate responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development by working with employees, their families, the local community and society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for business and for development
This document provides information about different types of terrorist attacks and hazardous materials that first responders may encounter. It discusses explosives like IEDs and vehicle bombs, noting indicators and response procedures. Chemical attacks using nerve agents, blister agents, blood agents, and choking agents are described. The effects of each type of agent are summarized. Stand-off distances and response within an ICS framework are also covered.
The document discusses Process Safety Management (PSM) and provides an overview of its key elements. PSM is a comprehensive management system that proactively avoids incidents in hazardous industries handling toxic chemicals. It integrates risk management across 14 elements, including employee participation, process hazard analysis, operating procedures, training, and compliance audits. The presentation aims to help organizations manage process safety risks in a more structured way.
Cement has been used for so many years around the world as a staple of engineering,construction and all-around building projects, but so little has been taught about the potential hazards that are hidden within this seemingly simple and innocent compound.
Cement rash and cement burns are among the most common causes of accidents or injuries having to do with cement. To learn more about cement safety please read this informative article: https://www.realsafety.org/2014/08/cement-safety-guidelines-for-protecting-your-skin/ .
This quick study on those dangers can help you more quickly detect, recognize and avoid them fairly easily with just a small bit of knowledge on how cement works and what the underlying reason for the injuries is.
Creative Safety Supply offers many of the PPE elements required to to work safely with cement and we encourage you to visit our website to see for yourself that quality, price and, most importantly, your safety, are top priority for us: http://www.creativesafetysupply.com
PPE refers to the safety equipment such as coveralls, googles, gloves, boots, helmet etc. that workers use to ensure safety at work. It addresses hazards including electrical, physical, chemical, biohazards, and other severe working conditions. For instance, it is safe to deal with dangerous chemicals when you are fully equipped with suitable PPE.
The document discusses developing a safety education and training program. The key steps are:
1) Identifying the need for training by assessing differences between actual and desired safety performance. This involves discussions with management and employees.
2) Formulating the program aims and objectives, which can be either trainer-oriented or focused on changing learner behavior.
3) Detailing the course contents, which may include topics on management techniques, engineering approaches, and safe work practices.
4) Selecting an appropriate course method such as lectures, discussions, case studies, or demonstrations to suit the objectives and participant level. The goal is to improve safety knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Major factors causing accidents include poor knowledge of equipment, overconfidence, taking risks, being in a hurry, horseplay, lack of concentration, poor quality tools, using tools unsuitably, miscommunication, and not following safety procedures. Accident statistics show that 42% are due to equipment abuse, poor maintenance, and tools; 31% are from design flaws and unreliable protections; and 27% are from unsafe workplaces, confusing instructions, lack of concentration, and not following procedures to save time. To prevent accidents, precautions should be taken by workers and safety considered starting in the design phase, with formal policies and procedures, a safety coordinator, regular inspections, proper tools, and trainings.
This document provides guidance on basic first aid procedures including assessing the scene and victim, controlling bleeding, treating shock, burns, and other common injuries. It emphasizes the importance of initial assessment to identify life-threatening issues and determine if the victim is conscious before providing care. Proper first aid procedures such as direct pressure, elevation, and use of pressure points are outlined to control bleeding. Steps are also described for treating shock, burns, fractures, heart attacks, and other conditions.
The document discusses disaster risk reduction and management in the Philippines under Republic Act 10121. It defines a disaster and outlines the country's high disaster risk profile due to its location and vulnerability to natural hazards like earthquakes, typhoons, and flooding exacerbated by climate change. It describes the Philippine disaster risk reduction and management system established by RA 10121 which created the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council and regional, provincial, and local councils to coordinate disaster management from the national to community level using an integrated approach.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation on personal protective equipment (PPE) used in general industry settings. It covers the key types of PPE like head, eye and face protection, respiratory protection, hearing protection, hand protection, and foot and leg protection. For each type of PPE, the presentation describes common hazards protected against, examples of PPE used, and any relevant standards. It also discusses the hierarchy of controls and employer and employee responsibilities related to PPE. The overall purpose is to provide an introduction and overview of PPE requirements and selections for general industry workplaces.
The document discusses disaster risk reduction (DRR) and its key components. It defines DRR as actions taken to reduce disaster risks and impacts. The main components of DRR are identified as mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation aims to reduce risks before a disaster through measures like land use planning. Preparedness develops early warning systems and emergency response plans. Response provides relief during disasters. Recovery rebuilds infrastructure with a focus on mitigation to reduce future risks.
1. First aid involves providing immediate care for injuries and illnesses until full medical treatment can be received.
2. First aid kits should contain supplies to stop bleeding, treat wounds, prevent infection, immobilize fractures, and address other common medical emergencies.
3. Proper first aid procedures exist for injuries and conditions like bleeding, sprains, burns, choking, shock, and heat/cold exposure. The goal is to stabilize the patient and reduce further harm until emergency help arrives.
This presentation will make you aware of some of the dangers created by the criminal element in our society. It will show you how to avoid certain kinds of situations that present a danger to your safety. And it will give you some options if you ever find yourself caught up in one of these dangerous situations.
Empowering Oneself With Personal Safety Education 2009slakhansen
This document provides tips on home, vehicle, and personal security. It outlines various safety measures people can take to secure their home, such as installing motion-activated lights, strengthening doors and windows, using alarms, and avoiding leaving notes on the door. It also gives advice for staying safe in vehicles, on the street, and when handling money. The document stresses being aware of one's surroundings, trusting instincts, and knowing what to do and what information to provide to police in dangerous situations.
The document describes the search functions for authors, courses, and members on a website. It includes fields to search for authors by name, firm, profession, job title, city, and discipline. For courses, search fields include course name, tags, author name, type, author city, and discipline. Member search allows filtering by name, firm, profession, job title, city, discipline, industry, and country. Search results are paginated and displayed alphabetically.
The document provides 7 tips for women's personal safety and security. It discusses the importance of personal awareness and listening to one's intuition. It also recommends taking self-defense training to learn simple techniques for simulated assaults. The document cautions women to be wary of bogus callers and 'date rape' drugs, and suggests everyday items that could be used defensively if needed. It stresses that if confronted, women should try to escape to a public place and attract attention rather than going with an attacker. Overall, the document offers advice to help women stay alert and protect themselves.
RUG and UMCG and world-class papers: how successful are we?
Prof. dr. Folkert Kuipers
Dean and Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of the UMCG
See also: http://youtu.be/PGXz5B6_Kss
This document outlines various personal safety tips provided by Sgt. Debbie Kalish of the Johns Creek Police Department. It discusses maintaining awareness of one's surroundings, having a safety plan, preparing mentally for potential threats, and tips for home, vehicle, walking, shopping and self defense. Specific case studies of abductions and attacks are presented to demonstrate the importance of safety awareness and prevention. The overall message is that being prepared, trusting instincts and prioritizing escape can help avoid harm or increase chances of survival if faced with violence or crime.
This chapter discusses microbial ecology and biotechnology. It begins by defining microbial ecology as the study of relationships between microbes and their environment. Most human-microbe relationships are beneficial, such as our indigenous microflora that colonize our bodies. These microbes can have symbiotic relationships that are mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. The chapter then describes the various microbes found in different parts of the human body like the skin, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. It discusses how biofilms form complex microbial communities and their medical significance. The chapter concludes by mentioning opportunistic pathogens and biotherapeutic agents that can affect our indigenous microflora, as well as synergistic infections caused by multiple microbes.
Nationally, one third of students in the UK are victims of petty crime such as theft and burglary according to government statistics. Students are seen as easy targets because they often have valuable electronics and are living away from home for the first time in an unfamiliar city, sometimes in less safe areas of town. Universities offer various safety programs and services to help protect students, such as safe walk services, emergency phones, self defense classes, and personal safety websites with advice and contact information.
This document outlines personal safety rules for children. It discusses the importance of personal space and boundaries, defining appropriate ("OK") touches that make one feel comfortable versus inappropriate ("Not OK") touches that hurt or make one feel uncomfortable. It emphasizes that if a child receives a Not OK touch, they have the right to say no and should tell a trusted person, as it is never the child's fault and never too late to tell. The document provides resources for children to get help.
Violence Prevention and Personal Safety for Lone Workers and Remote EmployeesWilliam Penfield
In this webinar, Violence Prevention and Personal Safety for Lone Workers and Remote Employees, Steven Crimando discussed the importance of protecting employees in the new mobile world, where people, assets, liability and reputation threats may face higher than normal levels of safety and security risks. Specific topics addressed include:
- Duty of care for lone workers/mobile workers
- Lone worker hazard vulnerability assessments
- Risk reduction strategies and techniques
- Street smarts and "getting of the X"
- Emergency/crisis communications from field settings
The document provides tips and information on improving memory and brainpower. It discusses that memory involves sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. It emphasizes the importance of lifelong learning, exercising the brain through activities like reading, learning a new language, puzzles and being social. Eating healthy foods like fish and avoiding sugar can also boost brainpower. The key is challenging the mind and keeping the brain active through old age.
This document outlines 12 common causes of human error in aircraft maintenance, called "The Dirty Dozen". It describes each of the 12 factors, including lack of communication, complacency, lack of knowledge, distraction, lack of teamwork, fatigue, lack of resources, pressure, lack of assertiveness, stress, lack of awareness, and norms. For each factor, examples of accidents are presented and recommendations are provided for how to reduce errors by improving safety nets like checklists, inspections, and communication between maintenance technicians. The goal is to raise awareness of the types of human errors that can occur and how following best practices in maintenance can help prevent accidents.
Here are the key points about completeness in communication:
- Provide all relevant details and context so the receiver has a full understanding without needing additional information. Address all aspects of the topic.
- Consider the receiver's perspective and knowledge level to determine what background or additional details need to be included for completeness.
- Ensure the communication answers any questions that were asked as well as related questions the receiver may have. Address potential concerns or objections.
- Resist the urge to leave things out in the interest of brevity if those details are necessary for completeness. Conciseness comes after completeness.
The goal of completeness is to give the receiver comprehensive information so they have all the facts without needing further explanation or follow up
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the extraocular muscles (EOMs). It describes the 7 EOMs, their origins, insertions, actions, and nerve supply. The EOMs allow for precise eye movements through arrangements of fibers and innervation that provide both rapid and fatigue-resistant function. Their coordinated actions follow laws of ocular motility to produce conjugate and vergent eye movements in the cardinal gazes.
The document provides 11 personal safety tips for women. The tips include: 1) Being aware of your surroundings and avoiding risky areas. 2) Checking your vehicle for intruders before entering. 3) Taking the elevator instead of stairs if you feel unsafe. 4) Running away if confronted by an assailant with a firearm. 5) Not being overly nice and trusting if a stranger approaches you. 6) Fighting back vigorously if abducted. 7) Maintaining distance from strangers on the street. 8) Carrying a cell phone at all times. 9) Staying in a broken down vehicle with doors locked and calling for help. 10) Physically defending yourself by striking vulnerable areas. 11) Avoiding jobs that
Anatomy of extraocular muscles and ocular motilityvanya kodali
The document summarizes key anatomical and physiological details of the extraocular muscles and eye movements:
1. It describes the bony orbit anatomy, six extraocular muscles and their actions, innervation and blood supply. The four rectus muscles control horizontal and vertical eye movements, while the two oblique muscles enable torsional movements.
2. The document outlines uniocular and binocular eye movements including versions, vergences, and diagnostic positions of gaze. Hering's and Sherrington's laws govern coordinated eye movements between the eyes.
3. Supranuclear control systems like saccadic, smooth pursuit, vergence and vestibulo-ocular pathways mediate voluntary and reflexive eye movements
How to develop maintenance program in aviation industry with considering cost, operational aspect. Comparing MSG System, FMEA principal and commercial aspect. Airline maintenance program is ultimately important for sustainability of airline business
This document provides an overview of ocular motility and strabismus. It defines key terms like strabismus, heterophoria, heterotropia, and discusses the extraocular muscles and their actions. It also describes tests used to examine eye alignment and motility, including the cover test, Hirschberg test, and Krimsky test. Treatment options discussed include amblyopia management, strabismus surgery using muscle resections and recessions.
The document provides an overview of eye movements, including:
1) The different types of eye movements (saccades, smooth pursuit, vergence, vestibular-ocular reflex, optokinetic reflex) and the neural pathways that control each type.
2) Saccades involve rapid eye movements to fixate on objects of interest, while smooth pursuit keeps a moving target on the fovea. Vergence aligns the eyes for near and far vision. The vestibular-ocular reflex and optokinetic reflex stabilize gaze during head movements.
3) Precise control of the extraocular muscles allows for the different eye movement types, each with specific neural circuits and functions for optimal vision. Measurements
This document presents the Olivares Personal Assessment Survival System (OPASS), which incorporates the SAAM methodology to improve personal safety. SAAM stands for scan the immediate area, apply the appropriate safety level, approach with caution, and monitor the environment. It teaches people to be aware of their surroundings using their senses and to continuously assess risk levels. If danger is detected, the document advises immediately departing the area, seeking shelter or assistance, and helping others. It also recommends documenting incidents for lessons learned. The goal of OPASS is to educate individuals on how to protect themselves from becoming victims of crime through situational awareness and risk assessment.
This document presents the Olivares Personal Assessment Survival System (OPASS), which incorporates the SAAM methodology to improve personal safety. SAAM stands for scan the immediate area, apply the appropriate safety level, approach with caution, and monitor the environment. It teaches people to be aware of their surroundings using their senses and to continuously assess risk levels. If danger is detected, the document advises immediately departing the area, seeking shelter or assistance, and helping others. It also stresses the importance of writing incident reports and identifying lessons learned to improve safety in the future.
Measurement, Quantitative vs. Qualitative and Other Cool StuffJody Keyser
InfoSec Measurement and Quantitative vs Qualitative Methods
Recorded Webinar Here:
https://www3.gotomeeting.com/register/604059902
Aliado and Risk Centric Security would like to introduce you to the world of quantitative risk and decision analysis.
Our webinars will provide you with a glimpse of the power and credibility that quantitative methods can bring to the problems that Information Security Professionals face every day
Topics covered include:
What is risk?
Possibility and Probability
What is a measurement and what is it for?
Qualitative vs. Quantitative methods
Static modeling vs. Monte Carlo simulation
Calibration and the power of a calibrated estimate
Modeling Expert Opinion and the RCS BetaPERT calculator
A. Definitions
1. Risk
2. Risk and Opportunity
3. Possibility vs. probability
4. Measurement
5. Precision vs. accuracy
6. Qualitative vs. quantitative methods
The document discusses the concept of risk in society. It defines risk as uncertainty, and distinguishes between objective and subjective risk. Objective risk can be measured through statistics, while subjective risk is based on perception. It also defines chance of loss as the probability of an event occurring, and distinguishes between objective and subjective probabilities. The document outlines different categories of risk like pure risk and speculative risk, and types of risks like personal, property, and liability risks. It discusses the burden of risks on society and different methods of handling risk, including avoidance, loss control, retention, and insurance.
This document discusses personal safety and identifies ways to stay safe. It begins by outlining the lesson objectives of identifying real-life safety situations and ways to stay safe in them. It then defines safety as keeping oneself free from harm. It discusses personal responsibility and being alert to potential dangers in one's environment. Finally, it provides tips for personal safety, including staying alert, trusting instincts, and avoiding anything that doesn't feel safe.
The document discusses threat modeling and how it can be revolutionized. It describes Schneier's Security Wheel, which is a framework for evaluating security measures based on the assets being protected, risks to those assets, how well measures mitigate risks, new risks they create, and costs/trade-offs. The document argues for making threat modeling more explicit by ensuring every security measure addresses credible threats, reviewing the threat model regularly with diverse audiences, and removing measures that no longer fit after repeating the process. The goal is to involve everyone in security and avoid "security theater" that does not address real risks.
District Combatives Personal Protection Fundamentals [FINAL]Benjamin Drader
This document provides an overview of personal protection fundamentals, including situational awareness, threat identification, de-escalation, and self-defense techniques. It discusses establishing baselines of normal behavior and identifying anomalies to detect threats. Non-aggressive verbal de-escalation skills and postures are outlined to defuse threats if possible. As a last resort, targeting vulnerable areas like eyes and throat is recommended for self-defense. The document advocates viewing personal protection as concentric rings based on threat distance and training holistically across awareness, avoidance, de-escalation, and defense skills.
This document outlines the objectives and content covered in Session 9 of an Understanding Wellbeing course on personal safety awareness. The session objectives are to consider risky situations and actions, describe ways to minimize risks to personal safety and possessions, describe responses to conflict and how to diffuse it, explain procedures for recording and reporting incidents, and indicate how learning from experiences can improve personal safety. The document provides guidance on various topics within the session including minimizing risk, healthy vs unhealthy responses to conflict, reporting incidents, and learning from experiences.
The document introduces Risk Centric Security, Inc. and its founders Heather Goodnight and Patrick Florer. It then discusses how information security professionals and business managers often speak different languages when discussing risk, with security focusing more on technical details and business on financial impact. The document suggests security professionals bridge this gap by discussing risk in terms of potential financial costs rather than technical vulnerabilities and threats.
Today, we live in a world where there is a near- constant threat of war, nuclear disaster, global warming and other similar catastrophes. So we are never surprised to wake up to another morning spent answering emails and phone calls from worried families.
What would it be like to have to survive without any of the creature comforts we rely so
heavily on - without even realizing it? What would you need to survive yourself and help your family do the same? If you are a woman in such a society, what threats would you face and how would you successfully combat those threats?
Becoming a survivalist is about thinking through these grueling questions in advance. By taking a proactive approach to skills- building,stockpiling supplies and self defense strategies, you ensure you are ready for anything that might arrive at any moment. In this article, we take a closer look at secret self defense tips for women that can turn you into a fearsome feminine survivalist!
Source:
http://survivalcavefood.com/blog/self-defense-tips-women/
"Security on the Brain" Security & Risk Psychology Workshop Nov 2013Adrian Wright
The document discusses using human psychology to improve security compliance, focusing on how people's perceptions of risk often differ from actual risks, and how compliance can be increased by appealing to different personality types and motivations. Various case studies are presented that leveraged psychological techniques like social comparison, gamification, and role-based messaging to successfully boost security awareness and adherence to policies. Effective word choices and framing issues in a positive light are emphasized as important strategies.
Read our whitepaper to find out more about our bespoke social media simulations.
Our specialist content team works with you to create a simulated experience that is directly relevant to your brand, based on a realistic situation that your team might face on social media.
E moderation carrot-rehearsing-managing-social-media-crisis-july-2013Emoderation
This document discusses the importance of rehearsing for a social media crisis. It provides three main reasons for rehearsing: 1) It gives your crisis team confidence to handle difficult situations and highlights any gaps in policies or processes; 2) It allows you to experiment with different response strategies and tones of voice in a controlled environment before a real crisis; 3) Practicing crisis responses programs your brain so that your responses become automatic when a real crisis occurs. The document also outlines factors to consider when planning crisis responses, building a crisis team, and communicating during a crisis to manage reputation. It emphasizes controlling your response, not the message, and the importance of transparency.
College Essay Starters. Online assignment writing service.Tiffany Surratt
The document discusses the sales process for real estate transactions from contract to closing. It notes that real estate agents play important roles in managing contacts, advising on mortgages and pricing, guiding buyers and sellers through the process, and mediating negotiations. The document will focus on the sales process and criteria for a successful transaction from both buyer and seller perspectives, and how to resolve problems that arise. It will also discuss methods for obtaining a database of potential customers, including using a Sphere of Influence model to build contacts and generate leads through people the agent already knows.
This document discusses personal safety awareness and managing risk and conflict. It provides objectives for session 9 which include considering risky situations and actions, describing responses to conflict and techniques to diffuse conflict, outlining procedures for recording and reporting incidents, and indicating how learning from experiences can improve personal safety. The document outlines activities such as quizzes, videos, and exercises to help participants understand risk, conflict, and strategies to improve personal safety and resolve conflicts in a healthy manner.
This document provides an overview of self-defense. It discusses various types of self-defense including physical and mental self-defense. It outlines different forms of self-defense such as avoidance, de-escalation, and personal alarms. The document also covers legal aspects of self-defense, education about self-defense techniques, and some self-defense tricks. It concludes that knowing self-defense is about more than just moves - it is about being aware of one's surroundings and how to get out of dangerous situations.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
4. Risk
The elements where a person has a certain level of control,
such as social contacts, and how these elements may expose
him/her to unforeseen dangers.
Threat
The broader elements that affect a person and are beyond
his/her control; traveling, business position, politics, the
weather, etc.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 4
5. Categories of Risks/Threats
Against a Person’s Safety / Security
Against a Person’s immediate Family
Against a Person’s psychological well-being
Against a Person’s Privacy
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 5
6. Wealth
Social Status
Celebrity / Public Exposure
Political Views
Symbolic Status
Personal / Business Travel
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 6
7. Types of Threats
Verbal Assault
Physical Assault
Use of Blunt Objects
Edged Weapons
Firearms
Explosives
Kidnapping
Severe Weather
Natural Disasters
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 7
8. Types of Potential Attackers
The Deranged Individual
Former Intimate Stalker
Unknown Stalker
Disgruntled Employees / Co-Workers
Personal Vendetta / Revenge
Criminals
Professional Assassins / Contract Killers
Terrorists
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 8
9. Types of Health Risks
Heart Problems
Allergic Reactions
Diabetes
Previous Injuries
Communicable Diseases
Previous Surgeries
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 9
10. Types of Personal Risks/Threats
Sexual Encounters
Association with known criminals
Excessive Drinking
Drug Use
Financial Problems
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 10
11.
12. Daily Transit Activity
When you are in transit, from Point A to Point B, you
automatically have less control over the environment
and are open to many Risks and Threats.
You must learn to keep a Mental Snapshot of your
Surroundings throughout your day.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 12
13. Exercise
Draw a map from Point A to Point B identified by the
course Instructor.
What Risks or Threats can you identify along the route
that you took?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 13
14.
15. Situational Awareness
Being Aware of your environment and of any Potential
or Real Risks or Threats that might be present is the
first and most important key of Personal Safety and
Security.
You should apply the Concepts while at Home, Work,
School, In Transit, etc.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 15
16. Situational Awareness
Being Aware of your Surroundings will help you
Avoid hostile actions and violent confrontations.
Do you have a Safety and Security Plan to address
any Potential or Real Risks or Threats you might
face?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 16
17. Situational Awareness
It is always better to EVADE any hostile and
dangerous situation by any means possible.
There is nothing wrong with running from a Risk or
Threat if possible.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 17
18. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
UNAWARE
A State of Mind in which you are not Alert to your
immediate surroundings.
This would include while you sleep, watch TV, cook a
meal, being at home, etc.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 18
19. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
Aware
The State of Mind in which you are Aware of your
environment.
At this level, you have not yet identified any Potential
or Real Risk or Threat that may be present.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 19
20. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
Aware
Awareness involves the use of your Five Senses:
Sight
Sound
Smell
Touch
Taste
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 20
21. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
During conditions where a Potential or Real Risk or
Threat is Present, you should avoid using items that will
impair your Vision and Sound.
Example: Avoid using headphones while jogging or
walking, especially at Night and Alone.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 21
22. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
Alert
In this State of Mind, you have identified a Potential or
Real Risk or Threat within your environment.
Your spider sense is going nuts…
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 22
23. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
Alert
General Rule
Any person not known to you or your family can
constitute a Potential or Real Risk or Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 23
24. 4 Levels of Personal Safety
Alarm
In this State of Mind, the Potential Risk or Threat has
now become a Real and your Personal Safety and
Security has been compromised.
A high level of FEAR and ANXIETY takes over.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 24
25. Alarm
Alert
Aware
Unaware
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 25
26. The Defensive Mindset
The values, mental techniques, and attitude that
maximizes the effectiveness of how you respond to a
Risk or Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 26
27. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Ability to Defend
Do you have the ability and willingness to defend
yourself and not become a VICTIM?
Be wary of self-defense instructors that claim they can
train to defend yourself…their systems are untested
and are more for sport.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 27
28. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Ability to Defend
The State of Texas’ new Self-Defense Castle Doctrine
Statute effective September 1, 2007.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 28
29. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Never Give Up
A person becomes a VICTIM because he / she gives up
and is overpowered by the Offender.
You must be determined to persevere by all means
necessary and never give up.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 29
30. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Develop A Plan
Planning is an important component of Personal
Survival.
Are you laying the foundation to be Victimized?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 30
31. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Develop A Plan
A Plan is a Pre-Determined Course of Action used to
respond to specific situations you might encounter.
A Threat Assessment and Risk Analysis complement
your Personal Safety and Security Plan.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 31
32. Defensive Mindset Concepts
2 Steps To Take After Identifying A Potential Or Real
Risk or Threat:
1. Formulate a Hypothetical Plan of Action to deal
with the Risk or Threat.
2. Establish Barriers that will initiate your Plan of
Action. An Aggressive Gesture, entering your
Personal Space, etc.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 32
33. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Situational Visualization
This is the formation of a mental image for handling
different Situations.
It is also a major component of Developing A Plan.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 33
34. Defensive Mindset Concepts
Remember
Panic = Victimization
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 34
35.
36. Fear
Fear is good…it is your body telling you that you are in
some type of Danger.
If Fear becomes paralyzing, it can’t help you fight
harder or run faster.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 36
37. Fear
Fear = Release of Adrenaline into the bloodstream.
Adrenaline dictates the Fight or Flight Concept.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 37
38. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
1. Tachypsychia
The perception from people under stress that describes
time moving in slow motion.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 38
39. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
1. Tachypsychia
The brain is processing very quickly to allow for a faster
defensive response.
This is a positive side effect that can enhance defensive
abilities.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 39
40. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
2. Auditory Exclusion
The brain’s ability to block sound while focused on a
Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 40
41. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
2. Auditory Exclusion
The brain blocks auditory input to allow you to focus
completely on the Threat.
This has both a positive and negative effects.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 41
42. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
2. Auditory Exclusion
You get an increased ability to focus (positive) while it
also keeps you from noticing or hearing other
potential risks or threats coming at you (negative).
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 42
43. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
3. Tunnel Vision
This is the narrowing of your field of vision as you focus
on a particular Risk or Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 43
44. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
3. Tunnel Vision
You loose peripheral vision, which prevents you from
identifying other Risks or Threats that may be
approaching you from your left or right.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 44
45. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
3. Tunnel Vision
To avoid Tunnel Vision, SCAN the immediate area Left
and Right after engaging a Risk or Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 45
46. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
4. Cognitive Dissonance
This is a Disassociation with the actual events as they
occur.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 46
47. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
4. Cognitive Dissonance
A Disassociated Mind is the most dangerous reaction to
Fear because it is rejecting the idea that something
terrible is happening.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 47
48. 4 Types of Reactions to Fear
4. Cognitive Dissonance
When this happens, the Victim is negating the ability to
effectively fight back or retreat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 48
49.
50. The “6 P’s Principle”
Proper
Prior
Planning
Prevents
Poor
Performance
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 50
52. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Criminal Act
1. Desire
The criminal (s) must have a desire and / or motivation to
justify the actions or receive some type of tangible /
intangible benefit from the criminal act.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 52
53. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Criminal Act
2. Ability
The criminal (s) need to recognize his ability, physical
skills, knowledge, available assets, etc. to commit the
criminal act.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 53
54. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Criminal Act
3. Opportunity
The criminal (s) selects his target based on vulnerability
and accessibility.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 54
55. 3 Elements of a Potential Criminal Act
Desire
Ability Opportunity
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 55
56. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
1. Suitability
Are you a Suitable Target?
Would coming after you further the criminal’s Goals,
Desires, or Motivations?
What do you possess that the criminal wants?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 56
57. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
2. Vulnerability
What type of security measures do you have in place to
protect yourself and your family?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 57
58. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
2. Vulnerability
Personal Behaviors
Physical Security (Alarms, Lights, Fences)
Information Security (Denying Access)
Computer Security (Passwords, Locks)
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 58
59. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
2. Vulnerability
Some Vulnerabilities can be very obvious
and can be detected without much effort.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 59
60. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
2. Vulnerability
A measure of your Attractiveness to a criminal or
terrorist.
What are your Vulnerabilities?
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 60
61. Victimization / Targeting
3 Elements of a Potential Victim
3. Probability of Success
What is the probability that if the criminal comes after you,
he will be successful?
Keep in mind that by the time the criminal comes after you,
he has already studied you and determined the Risks and
Threats to himself.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 61
62. 3 Elements of a Potential Victim
Suitability
Vulnerability Success
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 62
63. Victimization / Targeting
Victim Selection + Victim Behavior =
VICTIMIZATION
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 63
64.
65. Observation Skills
The eyes provide the visual information, which is sent
to the brain for processing, and causes a person to
respond to a particular situation.
Since you were a child, you have been trained using
your eyes.
You need to further develop this skill.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 65
66. Observation Skills
Your eyes are trained to SCAN an area within your
sight from LEFT to RIGHT.
This is the skill you use to read a book.
You are also trained to SCAN an area within your
sight from LEFT to RIGHT to LEFT.
This is the skill you use when driving a vehicle.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 66
67. Observation Skills
By SCANNING Left / Right / Left, the
retention of what you observe increases,
and gives you a better picture of what you
have seen.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 67
68. Observation Skills
SCANNING and GLANCING at something or someone
that has caught your attention are a more relaxing and
effective ways of observation.
Do not stare because this action tires your eyes and
causes your vision to become unclear and fuzzy.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 68
69. Observation Skills
One day, you might get the feeling or intuition that you
are being followed by another vehicle.
This is your mind warning you of a Potential or Real Risk
or Threat.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 69
70. Observation Skills
Surveillance Indicators
Multiple sightings of same suspicious individuals , a
vehicle, or other activity separated by:
Date Time Location
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 70
71. Observation Skills
Surveillance Indicators
TEDD
Time
Environment
Distance
Deportment
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 71
72. Observation Skills
What To Look For:
A vehicle that slows down when you slow down,
but keeps its distance.
A vehicle that does not pass you; this goes beyond
driving behavior.
A vehicle that turns a corner when you do.
A vehicle that stops at a distance when you stop at
your destination.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 72
73. Observation Skills
How To Respond:
Pull your vehicle over and try to get a license plate.
Keep driving but do not go directly to your destination;
go somewhere else.
Request police assistance.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 73
74. Auditory Skills
The most important rule for maximizing your Hearing
accuracy is:
Breathing Control
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 74
75. Auditory Skills
During a dangerous situation, the pace of your
Breathing increases, and so does your Heart Rate.
Take deep, slow breaths to control your heart rate and
increase your Auditory Skills.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 75
76. Smelling Skills
You are programmed to React to scents that are pleasing
or unpleasant.
A particular odor will trigger your sensory memories that
will correspond to your past events.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 76
77. Smelling Skills
To improve your sense of smell, practice these steps:
Close your eyes
Take a deep breath
Let your mind instead of your eyes determine
the scent
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 77
78.
79. Basic Criminal Warning Signs
A person intent on committing a Crime will put on a
“FALSE FACE”.
The criminal’s intent is to deceive the Target (Victim).
Everything that the criminal says and does will most
likely be LIES.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 79
80. Basic Criminal Warning Signs
The criminal will be extremely Charming and Friendly.
Alert: These behaviors are Warning Signs.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 80
81.
82. The Victimization Process
1. Pre-Victimization
At this point, the criminal will be searching for his
Victim.
This victim selection process is called “TROLLING”.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 82
83. The Victimization Process
1. Pre-Victimization
The criminal will Troll for his Targets at:
Malls
Colleges / Universities
Nightclubs
Grocery Stores
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 83
84. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
Once the criminal selects a Target, he will do all he can
to initiate contact.
At this point, the selected Target is unaware about the
Initial Contact’s intentions.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 84
85. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
The criminal will attempt to make contact with his target
in some manner.
The criminal will get close enough to begin a
conversation with the Target.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 85
86. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
The Initial Contact is to lower the selected Victim’s
defenses.
The conversation will be prepped in order to take control
of the situation.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 86
87. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
The Initial Contact can be made days or weeks before
the Target becomes a Victim.
The Initial Contact is part of the victim selection
process.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 87
88. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
The Initial Contact is to commit the Target into some
type of obligation and to gain trust.
The criminal might do a favor or task in which the Target
becomes in Debt to him.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 88
89. The Victimization Process
2. Initial Contact
The favor might be one that is ongoing and one that
makes the Target accompany the criminal into a more
private and secluded location.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 89
90. The Victimization Process
3. Follow-Up Contact
The criminal sets-up the situation in which the Target
runs into him to do a follow-up contact.
By this point, the criminal has already studied his Target
and has decided to Victimized the Target.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 90
91. The Victimization Process
4. Target Isolation
The objective now is to Isolate the Target.
If the criminal has previously gained the trust, it will be
easier to Isolate the Target from other people.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 91
92. The Victimization Process
4. Target Isolation
The Target must be prepared to refuse to be alone
with the criminal.
Ask yourself…Why should I go alone with this
person?
Be Inquisitive.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 92
93. The Victimization Process
5. Target Victimization
Once the Target is completely Isolated,
the criminal will attack.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 93
94. The Victimization Process
6. Post-Victimization
Once the criminal completes the attack,
he has to decide whether to release or
kill the Victim.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 94
95. The Victimization Process
6. Post-Victimization
More likely, the Victim will be killed.
The criminal will then attempt to cover
up the crime by destroying evidence
and disposing of the Victim’s body.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 95
96. The Victimization Process
6. Post-Victimization
The criminal will then depart the crime scene without
being seen.
Keep in mind that the seasoned, career criminal has
more experience and Situational Awareness that a
beginner and Victims.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 96
97. The Victimization Process
Alert
The criminal will make his move
when it is most convenient to him
and the Target is most Vulnerable.
Copyright (c) 2011. SOA. All Rights Reserved. 97
98. Sergio Olivares, MPA
President & General Manager
(361) 694 - 2385
research_and_analysis@yahoo.com