Basic dyes
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Basic dyes are water-soluble cationic dyes that contain amino groups and produce bright shades on textiles like wool, silk, and acrylic. They have an unlimited shade range, are soluble in water, have good wet fastness properties but poor light fastness. Basic dyes are commonly used for dyeing wool, silk, acrylic and paper and show good brightness and tinctorial value though have limitations of poor shade stability and lightfastness.
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Disperse dye
This presentation provides an overview of disperse dyes. It was presented on November 27, 2016 at NUB by 4 students. Disperse dyes are organic compounds without ionizing groups that are insoluble in water but can be dispersed to dye synthetic fibers like polyester. The history and properties of disperse dyes are discussed. Disperse dyes are classified by chemical structure and fastness properties. Dispersing agents and carriers are used to aid disperse dyeing at high temperatures or through carrier methods. Examples of commercial disperse dyes and carriers are provided.
Basic Dye (Full PDF) | Basic Dye
Basic dyes are cationic dyes that ionize in solution, giving their colored components a positive charge. They are used for dyeing wool, silk, and acrylic fibers. Basic dyes are soluble in water when mixed with acids like acetic acid. They have high tinctorial strength and unlimited color ranges but poor lightfastness and washfastness. Modified basic dyes have improved properties like better fiber coverage, substantivity, and lightfastness compared to traditional basic dyes.
Reactive Dye
The document provides information about reactive dyes, including:
- Reactive dyes form covalent bonds with fiber polymers through reactive groups, giving excellent wash and light fastness.
- Important reactive groups include triazine, vinyl sulfone, and halogen groups.
- Reactive dyes were invented in 1956 and became popular for their bright colors, low temperature dyeing, and simple process.
- Common application methods are pad-batch and pad-dry processes at low temperatures. Proper pH, electrolyte, alkali, and time are required for effective dye fixation to the fiber.
Disperse Dyes (Full PDF) | Disperse Dye
1. Disperse dyes are organic coloring compounds that are insoluble in water but can be dispersed to dye hydrophobic fibers like polyester, nylon, and acrylic. They were developed in the 1920s and named "disperse dyes" due to their insoluble properties requiring dispersion.
2. Disperse dyes work by being dispersed in water using dispersing agents. They are then adsorbed onto the fiber surface and diffuse into the fiber structure. A series of equilibriums are established as the dye disperses, dissolves, is adsorbed, and diffuses.
3. Proper auxiliaries like dispersing agents, leveling agents, and wetting agents
Reactive dyes
Reactive dyes are organic dyes that form covalent bonds with cellulose fibers. They were first commercially produced in 1956 and have advantages like excellent color fastness and ease of washing. Reactive dyes contain three parts - a chromophore for color, a reactive group that bonds to fibers, and a bridging group connecting these. Dyeing involves exhaustion of dye onto fibers, fixation through alkaline conditions forming covalent bonds, and washing unfixed dye away. Reactive dyeing gives very colorfast results due to the strong covalent bonds formed.
Acid Dye (Full PDF)
This document discusses acid dyes, which are water-soluble dyes used on protein fibers like silk, wool, and nylon. Acid dyes are classified based on their leveling characteristics during dyeing and their fastness properties. They contain aromatic molecules with sulphonyl or amino groups that make them soluble in water. Acid dyes are applied in acidic dye baths and bond to fibers through hydrogen bonding and ionic linkages. Their fastness properties range from poor to excellent depending on the dye's structure and how it is applied.
Vat Dye (Full PDF) | Vat Dye
Vat dyes are insoluble natural or synthetic dyes that are converted to their soluble leuco form using a reducing agent like sodium hydrosulfite. This allows the dye to penetrate cellulose fibers during the dyeing process. After penetration, the fabric is oxidized, converting the dye back to its insoluble form within the fibers. Key steps are vatting to solubilize the dye, dyeing to allow penetration, and oxidation to fix the dye in the fibers. Vat dyes provide excellent washing fastness due to being locked inside the fibers. However, they are more difficult and costly to apply than other dyes.
Dyeing of polyester
The document discusses various methods for dyeing polyester fibers, including:
1) Batch dyeing without carriers involves dyeing at a boil without additives to help penetration.
2) Carrier dyeing uses compounds to swell the fibers and allow deeper dye penetration.
3) High temperature, high pressure (HTHP) dyeing penetrates dye rapidly at over 120°C without carriers.
4) Continuous thermosol dyeing involves padding, drying, and fixing dye within fibers at 190-220°C.
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Disperse dye
This presentation provides an overview of disperse dyes. It was presented on November 27, 2016 at NUB by 4 students. Disperse dyes are organic compounds without ionizing groups that are insoluble in water but can be dispersed to dye synthetic fibers like polyester. The history and properties of disperse dyes are discussed. Disperse dyes are classified by chemical structure and fastness properties. Dispersing agents and carriers are used to aid disperse dyeing at high temperatures or through carrier methods. Examples of commercial disperse dyes and carriers are provided.
Basic Dye (Full PDF) | Basic Dye
Basic dyes are cationic dyes that ionize in solution, giving their colored components a positive charge. They are used for dyeing wool, silk, and acrylic fibers. Basic dyes are soluble in water when mixed with acids like acetic acid. They have high tinctorial strength and unlimited color ranges but poor lightfastness and washfastness. Modified basic dyes have improved properties like better fiber coverage, substantivity, and lightfastness compared to traditional basic dyes.
Reactive Dye
The document provides information about reactive dyes, including:
- Reactive dyes form covalent bonds with fiber polymers through reactive groups, giving excellent wash and light fastness.
- Important reactive groups include triazine, vinyl sulfone, and halogen groups.
- Reactive dyes were invented in 1956 and became popular for their bright colors, low temperature dyeing, and simple process.
- Common application methods are pad-batch and pad-dry processes at low temperatures. Proper pH, electrolyte, alkali, and time are required for effective dye fixation to the fiber.
Disperse Dyes (Full PDF) | Disperse Dye
1. Disperse dyes are organic coloring compounds that are insoluble in water but can be dispersed to dye hydrophobic fibers like polyester, nylon, and acrylic. They were developed in the 1920s and named "disperse dyes" due to their insoluble properties requiring dispersion.
2. Disperse dyes work by being dispersed in water using dispersing agents. They are then adsorbed onto the fiber surface and diffuse into the fiber structure. A series of equilibriums are established as the dye disperses, dissolves, is adsorbed, and diffuses.
3. Proper auxiliaries like dispersing agents, leveling agents, and wetting agents
Reactive dyes
Reactive dyes are organic dyes that form covalent bonds with cellulose fibers. They were first commercially produced in 1956 and have advantages like excellent color fastness and ease of washing. Reactive dyes contain three parts - a chromophore for color, a reactive group that bonds to fibers, and a bridging group connecting these. Dyeing involves exhaustion of dye onto fibers, fixation through alkaline conditions forming covalent bonds, and washing unfixed dye away. Reactive dyeing gives very colorfast results due to the strong covalent bonds formed.
Acid Dye (Full PDF)
This document discusses acid dyes, which are water-soluble dyes used on protein fibers like silk, wool, and nylon. Acid dyes are classified based on their leveling characteristics during dyeing and their fastness properties. They contain aromatic molecules with sulphonyl or amino groups that make them soluble in water. Acid dyes are applied in acidic dye baths and bond to fibers through hydrogen bonding and ionic linkages. Their fastness properties range from poor to excellent depending on the dye's structure and how it is applied.
Vat Dye (Full PDF) | Vat Dye
Vat dyes are insoluble natural or synthetic dyes that are converted to their soluble leuco form using a reducing agent like sodium hydrosulfite. This allows the dye to penetrate cellulose fibers during the dyeing process. After penetration, the fabric is oxidized, converting the dye back to its insoluble form within the fibers. Key steps are vatting to solubilize the dye, dyeing to allow penetration, and oxidation to fix the dye in the fibers. Vat dyes provide excellent washing fastness due to being locked inside the fibers. However, they are more difficult and costly to apply than other dyes.
Dyeing of polyester
The document discusses various methods for dyeing polyester fibers, including:
1) Batch dyeing without carriers involves dyeing at a boil without additives to help penetration.
2) Carrier dyeing uses compounds to swell the fibers and allow deeper dye penetration.
3) High temperature, high pressure (HTHP) dyeing penetrates dye rapidly at over 120°C without carriers.
4) Continuous thermosol dyeing involves padding, drying, and fixing dye within fibers at 190-220°C.
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Vat Dyes
Vat dyes are water-insoluble dyes that can be converted to a water-soluble form through chemical reduction. They were first developed in the 1850s as synthetic dyes and include indigo dye. The vat dyeing process involves three steps - vatting to convert the dye to its soluble leuco form, oxidation to convert it back to insoluble form in the fiber, and after treatment. Vat dyes have high color fastness but more limited shades than other dyes and their application process is complex and time-consuming.
DIRECT DYE
This presentation discusses direct dyes, which are water-soluble dyes used to dye cellulosic materials like cotton directly. There are two major types of direct dyes: anionic direct dyes, which are used for paper coloring and shade correction, and cationic direct dyes. Direct dyes have properties like water solubility and being anionic in nature. They dye materials through weak hydrogen and van der Waals bonding in alkaline conditions. The dyeing process involves dissolving the dye in boiling water with electrolytes before applying it to materials and boiling for 30-45 minutes. Direct dyes provide duller colors than reactive dyes and have lower wash fastness. They are used for applications where high fastness is
Textile Dyeing
This document provides an overview of different types of dyes used in textile dyeing, including their working principles and applications. It discusses vat dyes, reactive dyes, azoic dyes, acid dyes, sulphur dyes, metal complex dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, and direct dyes. For each dye type, it describes the general dyeing process, suitable fibers, advantages and limitations, and how the dye bonds to or reacts with the fiber on a molecular level. The document serves as an educational reference on the various classes of dyes and dyeing methods.
sulphur dyes
Sulphur dyes contain disulfide linkages and are used to produce black, brown, and other dark shades on cellulosic materials like cotton. They are water-insoluble so must be converted to a water-soluble leuco form using a reducing agent before application. After dyeing, an oxidizing agent turns the dye back to its insoluble form within the fiber. Issues like poor fastness, bronzing, and material tendering can occur but have corrective actions like ensuring complete dissolution and reaction of the dye and proper washing after dyeing.
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Vat dye
Vat dyes are insoluble in water but can be converted to soluble leuco compounds using reducing agents like sodium hydrosulphite and caustic soda. These leuco compounds are applied to cotton and oxidized back to insoluble dyes. Vat dyes are classified by application temperature and chemical requirements, with IK requiring the lowest temperatures and chemicals and IN-Special requiring the highest. The vat dyeing process involves vatting to solubilize the dye, dyeing to apply it to cotton, oxidation to fix it, and after treatment including soaping to improve fastness.
Reactive Dyes
This document discusses reactive dyes, including their classification, chemical properties, influencing dyeing factors, and application methods. Reactive dyes are classified based on their reactive groups and dyeing temperatures. They form covalent bonds with cellulose and protein fibers during dyeing. Key factors that influence dyeing include pH, temperature, electrolyte concentration, and time. Reactive dyes are applied using discontinuous, continuous, or semi-continuous methods. Their advantages include color permanence due to covalent bonding and easy washing without color transfer. Uneven dyeing can be difficult to strip due to the strong bonds formed.
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This document provides information about acid dyes. It begins with an introduction to acid dyes, noting that they are large dyes containing sulfonic or carboxylic acid groups that dye protein fibers like wool from acid solutions. It then discusses the properties of acid dyes, including that they are water soluble and have affinity for protein and nylon fibers. The document also covers the classification, structure, and dyeing processes for acid dyes. In particular, it differentiates between types of acid dyes like levelling, fast, milling, and super-milling dyes based on their molecular size and dyeing characteristics.
Azoic Dye (Full PDF)
Azoic dyes are produced by reacting a diazo-component or base salt with a coupling component like naphthol. This reaction forms an insoluble azo group that produces the dye within the fiber, resulting in excellent washing fastness. Azoic dyes can be used to dye cellulose fibers like cotton. The dyeing process involves three steps: naphtholation, diazotization, and coupling. Azoic dyes form an insoluble color product within the fabric, making them different from azo dyes which use a soluble azo group.
Reactive dyes
Reactive dyes readily dissolve in water and form covalent bonds with cellulose fibers, providing good washing fastness. They are classified based on their reactivity - alkaline controllable dyes require gradual alkali addition, salt controllable dyes require portion-wise salt addition, and temperature controllable dyes react above boiling temperatures. Bifunctional reactive dyes contain two reactive groups, allowing for high exhaustion and fixation during dyeing of cotton which involves dyeing with salt, forming covalent bonds with alkali, and post-treatment processes like soaping and washing.
Azoicdyes ppt~1
The impregnated material is treated in a bath containing diazonium solution to carry out coupling and thus color is produced inside the fabric.
Dye fiber interactions
1. There are six main theories that explain the interaction between dyes and fibers: physical, chemical, physico-chemical, fiber-complex, solid solution, and mechanical or pigment theories.
2. The physical theory involves dyes being physically retained on fibers through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, while the chemical theory involves chemical bonding between reactive groups on the dye and fiber.
3. The physico-chemical theory involves dyes first being attached physically and then chemically treated to further improve fastness.
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Softening.pptx
This document discusses softening of fabrics, which modifies surface properties to improve comfort, wear, and performance. Textiles undergo processes that make surfaces harsh, so softening is needed. Mechanical methods like breaking, calendering, and raising can soften fabrics. Chemical methods use softeners like cationic agents that coat fibers and prevent static cling while making fabrics softer. Cationic softeners orient positively on fibers' negatively charged surfaces. Testing evaluates softening effectiveness by measuring static cling, stiffness, and yellowing. Softened fabrics have benefits like improved lubricity, properties, and handle.
Bleaching, textile treatment
This document provides information on the bleaching process. It defines bleaching as the process of decolorizing natural pigments in fabric to produce a white color. The mechanism of bleaching involves breaking double bonds in color-producing organic compounds using oxidizing or reducing agents. Common bleaching agents discussed are sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chlorite. The effects of factors like pH, time, temperature, and metal ions on bleaching effectiveness are also explained.
Azo dye
Azo dyes are formed by the chemical reaction of two colorless components - napthols and bases (also called coupling and diazotization components). The dyeing process involves first treating the fabric with a napthol solution, then developing the dye by exposing the naptholated fabric to the diazotized base solution. This results in an insoluble azo compound that provides good light and washing fastness but poorer rubbing fastness. Rubbing fastness can be improved through a soaping treatment after dyeing. Azo dyes have excellent properties but require a multi-step process compared to ready-made dyes.
Dye classification .
This document discusses various types of dyes used for different textile fibers, including their classification, application methods, and suitability. It covers direct dyes for cellulosic fibers, azoic dyes which form insoluble colors within fibers, vat dyes which require chemical treatment, sulphur dyes for dark shades, and reactive and acid dyes for protein fibers like wool and silk. Each dye class has different properties in terms of color range, fastness, ease of use, and fiber compatibility. The appropriate dye must be selected based on the fiber and desired color and performance characteristics.
Textile & dyeing
For meeting the demand of 21th Century we need many qualified Textile Engineer but in our perspective there are two types of Textile Engineer one is more qualified another is more frantic about their position. No Frustration because you are the right key to touch your success. Don’t draw your life map with pen but pencil (because pencil is erasable). Let bygones be bygones & go ahead with our future as if it will be keep in touch. Make a whistle with vivacious life & vivid future.
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Some basic knowledge about textile dyeing. It will help to gather some information for textile dyeing.
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Vat dyes are water-insoluble dyes that can be converted to a water-soluble form through chemical reduction. They were first developed in the 1850s as synthetic dyes and include indigo dye. The vat dyeing process involves three steps - vatting to convert the dye to its soluble leuco form, oxidation to convert it back to insoluble form in the fiber, and after treatment. Vat dyes have high color fastness but more limited shades than other dyes and their application process is complex and time-consuming.
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This presentation discusses direct dyes, which are water-soluble dyes used to dye cellulosic materials like cotton directly. There are two major types of direct dyes: anionic direct dyes, which are used for paper coloring and shade correction, and cationic direct dyes. Direct dyes have properties like water solubility and being anionic in nature. They dye materials through weak hydrogen and van der Waals bonding in alkaline conditions. The dyeing process involves dissolving the dye in boiling water with electrolytes before applying it to materials and boiling for 30-45 minutes. Direct dyes provide duller colors than reactive dyes and have lower wash fastness. They are used for applications where high fastness is
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This document provides an overview of different types of dyes used in textile dyeing, including their working principles and applications. It discusses vat dyes, reactive dyes, azoic dyes, acid dyes, sulphur dyes, metal complex dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, and direct dyes. For each dye type, it describes the general dyeing process, suitable fibers, advantages and limitations, and how the dye bonds to or reacts with the fiber on a molecular level. The document serves as an educational reference on the various classes of dyes and dyeing methods.
sulphur dyes
Sulphur dyes contain disulfide linkages and are used to produce black, brown, and other dark shades on cellulosic materials like cotton. They are water-insoluble so must be converted to a water-soluble leuco form using a reducing agent before application. After dyeing, an oxidizing agent turns the dye back to its insoluble form within the fiber. Issues like poor fastness, bronzing, and material tendering can occur but have corrective actions like ensuring complete dissolution and reaction of the dye and proper washing after dyeing.
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Vat dye
Vat dyes are insoluble in water but can be converted to soluble leuco compounds using reducing agents like sodium hydrosulphite and caustic soda. These leuco compounds are applied to cotton and oxidized back to insoluble dyes. Vat dyes are classified by application temperature and chemical requirements, with IK requiring the lowest temperatures and chemicals and IN-Special requiring the highest. The vat dyeing process involves vatting to solubilize the dye, dyeing to apply it to cotton, oxidation to fix it, and after treatment including soaping to improve fastness.
Reactive Dyes
This document discusses reactive dyes, including their classification, chemical properties, influencing dyeing factors, and application methods. Reactive dyes are classified based on their reactive groups and dyeing temperatures. They form covalent bonds with cellulose and protein fibers during dyeing. Key factors that influence dyeing include pH, temperature, electrolyte concentration, and time. Reactive dyes are applied using discontinuous, continuous, or semi-continuous methods. Their advantages include color permanence due to covalent bonding and easy washing without color transfer. Uneven dyeing can be difficult to strip due to the strong bonds formed.
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This document provides information about acid dyes. It begins with an introduction to acid dyes, noting that they are large dyes containing sulfonic or carboxylic acid groups that dye protein fibers like wool from acid solutions. It then discusses the properties of acid dyes, including that they are water soluble and have affinity for protein and nylon fibers. The document also covers the classification, structure, and dyeing processes for acid dyes. In particular, it differentiates between types of acid dyes like levelling, fast, milling, and super-milling dyes based on their molecular size and dyeing characteristics.
Azoic Dye (Full PDF)
Azoic dyes are produced by reacting a diazo-component or base salt with a coupling component like naphthol. This reaction forms an insoluble azo group that produces the dye within the fiber, resulting in excellent washing fastness. Azoic dyes can be used to dye cellulose fibers like cotton. The dyeing process involves three steps: naphtholation, diazotization, and coupling. Azoic dyes form an insoluble color product within the fabric, making them different from azo dyes which use a soluble azo group.
Reactive dyes
Reactive dyes readily dissolve in water and form covalent bonds with cellulose fibers, providing good washing fastness. They are classified based on their reactivity - alkaline controllable dyes require gradual alkali addition, salt controllable dyes require portion-wise salt addition, and temperature controllable dyes react above boiling temperatures. Bifunctional reactive dyes contain two reactive groups, allowing for high exhaustion and fixation during dyeing of cotton which involves dyeing with salt, forming covalent bonds with alkali, and post-treatment processes like soaping and washing.
Azoicdyes ppt~1
The impregnated material is treated in a bath containing diazonium solution to carry out coupling and thus color is produced inside the fabric.
Dye fiber interactions
1. There are six main theories that explain the interaction between dyes and fibers: physical, chemical, physico-chemical, fiber-complex, solid solution, and mechanical or pigment theories.
2. The physical theory involves dyes being physically retained on fibers through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, while the chemical theory involves chemical bonding between reactive groups on the dye and fiber.
3. The physico-chemical theory involves dyes first being attached physically and then chemically treated to further improve fastness.
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The document discusses different types of dyes used for textiles, including their chemical properties and fibers they can be used on. It covers natural dyes obtained from plants as well as synthetic dyes developed later. Key dye types discussed include reactive dyes, which chemically bond to cellulose fibers; vat dyes, which are applied in vats and can be used on cotton, wool and leather; acid dyes used for protein fibers like wool; and basic dyes also used for wool and silk. The document provides details on characteristics and applications of different dyes.
Dyes for fibers
This document discusses different types of dyes. It begins with an introduction to dyes, noting that they are colored substances that bond to substrates and are often water-soluble. It then covers the main types of dyes including reactive dyes, which form covalent bonds; disperse dyes, which are used for synthetic fibers; azo dyes containing the R-N=N-R' group; sulfur dyes for cotton; and vat dyes which are insoluble but become soluble during the dyeing process. The document provides details on the characteristics and applications of each dye type.
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This document discusses softening of fabrics, which modifies surface properties to improve comfort, wear, and performance. Textiles undergo processes that make surfaces harsh, so softening is needed. Mechanical methods like breaking, calendering, and raising can soften fabrics. Chemical methods use softeners like cationic agents that coat fibers and prevent static cling while making fabrics softer. Cationic softeners orient positively on fibers' negatively charged surfaces. Testing evaluates softening effectiveness by measuring static cling, stiffness, and yellowing. Softened fabrics have benefits like improved lubricity, properties, and handle.
Bleaching, textile treatment
This document provides information on the bleaching process. It defines bleaching as the process of decolorizing natural pigments in fabric to produce a white color. The mechanism of bleaching involves breaking double bonds in color-producing organic compounds using oxidizing or reducing agents. Common bleaching agents discussed are sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chlorite. The effects of factors like pH, time, temperature, and metal ions on bleaching effectiveness are also explained.
Azo dye
Azo dyes are formed by the chemical reaction of two colorless components - napthols and bases (also called coupling and diazotization components). The dyeing process involves first treating the fabric with a napthol solution, then developing the dye by exposing the naptholated fabric to the diazotized base solution. This results in an insoluble azo compound that provides good light and washing fastness but poorer rubbing fastness. Rubbing fastness can be improved through a soaping treatment after dyeing. Azo dyes have excellent properties but require a multi-step process compared to ready-made dyes.
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This document discusses various types of dyes used for different textile fibers, including their classification, application methods, and suitability. It covers direct dyes for cellulosic fibers, azoic dyes which form insoluble colors within fibers, vat dyes which require chemical treatment, sulphur dyes for dark shades, and reactive and acid dyes for protein fibers like wool and silk. Each dye class has different properties in terms of color range, fastness, ease of use, and fiber compatibility. The appropriate dye must be selected based on the fiber and desired color and performance characteristics.
Textile & dyeing
For meeting the demand of 21th Century we need many qualified Textile Engineer but in our perspective there are two types of Textile Engineer one is more qualified another is more frantic about their position. No Frustration because you are the right key to touch your success. Don’t draw your life map with pen but pencil (because pencil is erasable). Let bygones be bygones & go ahead with our future as if it will be keep in touch. Make a whistle with vivacious life & vivid future.
Introduction to dyes
Dyes are colored organic compounds that can impart color to substrates like cloth, paper, plastic or leather. There are several types of dyes classified by their chemistry and application method. Reactive dyes are widely used for cotton dyeing due to their high washfast properties. Disperse dyes are used predominantly on polyester fibers. Direct dyes are water-soluble and used for cotton and cellulose. Vat dyes are applied to cellulosic fibers from a soluble leuco form. Sulfur dyes provide good washfastness for economical cotton dyeing.
Introduction to dyeing
The document provides an introduction to textile dyeing, including definitions of basic terms like dyestuff and pigment, an overview of dyeing processes and factors that influence dye choices, and descriptions of different types of dyes including direct dyes for cellulosic fibers, reactive dyes, vat dyes, sulfur dyes, and disperse dyes for synthetic fibers. Classification methods for dyes and dyeing conditions for various fiber and dye combinations are also outlined.
basics of dyeing
This document discusses the process of dyeing textiles. It explains that there are three main types of dyeing: fiber, yarn and fabric dyeing. The dyeing process involves successive stages including dispersing dye in a dye bath, diffusion of dye onto and into the fiber substrate, and bonding between dye and fiber molecules. Dyes are also classified by their application method and chemical structure. Proper control of dye bath parameters like liquor ratio, electrolyte concentration, pH and temperature are important to ensure efficient dye absorption and an even color. Modern industrial dyeing is automated but still aims to produce textiles with homogeneous color in an economic manner with good colorfastness.
Dye classification and dying process
This document discusses the classification and properties of various dye classes. It states that different dye classes are only applicable to certain fibre types, and describes the main dye classes for cellulosic fibres (direct, azoic, reactive, vat, sulphur dyes), protein fibres (acid, metal-complex, chrome dyes), other fibres like polyester and acrylic (disperse, cationic dyes). Each dye class is defined in terms of its application method, colour range, fastness properties and main applications. Examples of individual dyes within each class are also provided.
Classification of dyes
This document discusses dyes, their classification, and properties. It defines dyes as colored organic compounds used to impart color. Dyes must be colorfast, soluble, able to bond to fibers, and withstand washing. There are several classification methods, including by source (natural vs synthetic), chromophore (nitro/nitroso, azo, triarylmethane, anthraquinone, indigo), and application method (direct, vat, mordant, azoic, disperse). Synthetic dyes account for most commercial use due to low cost, brightness, and ease of application. Azo dyes represent over half of dyes and provide a wide range of colors.
presentation on dye
Amir Hamza is a student at Daffodil International University with ID 132-23-193 in the Department of Textile Engineering (TE). The document defines and describes different types of dyes including natural dyes, synthetic dyes, and various classes of synthetic dyes such as acid dyes, basic dyes, direct or substantive dyes, mordant dyes, vat dyes, reactive dyes, disperse dyes, azoic dyes, and sulfur dyes. It also discusses dye classification, color fastness, the basis of color, molecular energy levels, and food dyes.
Dyeing of acrylic fibre
Acrylic fiber is produced from polyacrylonitrile and is difficult to dye due to its lack of affinity for dyes. To aid dyeing, acrylic fibers contain 15% of a co-monomer like acrylic acid that makes the fiber negatively charged. Cationic or basic dyes have good affinity for acrylic fibers due to electrostatic interactions between the positive dye ions and negative fiber charges. Dyeing with cationic dyes involves first dissolving the dye in a bath containing acetic acid and other compounds like sodium acetate and Glauber's salt. The fiber is then treated in this dye bath at increasing temperatures over an hour to evenly disperse the dye into the fiber.
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This document summarizes different types of dyes used for fabric production, including direct dyes, azoic dyes, and disperse dyes. Direct dyes are water-soluble anionic dyes primarily used for dyeing cotton and cellulosic fibers. Azoic dyes are water-insoluble azo compounds produced in the fiber through the interaction of two soluble components. Disperse dyes are frequently insoluble in water and applied to hydrophobic fibers like polyester from an aqueous dispersion, though their fastness properties are sometimes poor. Each dye type has distinct characteristics and uses for dyeing different fabric materials.
Basic dye
Basic dyes are cationic dyes that form colored cationic salts when dissolved in water, allowing them to react with anionic sites on textile substrates. They have fewer hydrophilic groups, making them insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or acetic acid when used for dyeing. Basic dyes include aromatic methane, triarylmethane, azo compounds and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structures. They are widely used for dyeing materials like jute, silk, wool, and acrylic fibers. While having good tinctorial strength and brightness, basic dyes suffer from poor lightfastness, shade stability, and backwaters. Modified basic dyes address some of these limitations with improved fiber coverage and
Cotton fibre dyeing in textile
Dyeing is the process of coloring fibers, yarns or fabrics using chemicals. Different types of dyes are used for different dyeing processes and for cotton dyeing specifically. Reactive, vat, sulphur, azoic, basic, and natural dyes can be used. Reactive dyes must be anionic, soluble, lightfast, washfast and fix under alkaline conditions. Azoic dyes must be soluble but produce insoluble color, have excellent lightfastness and increased rubfastness. Sulphur dyes must produce sulphur linkages, be insoluble in water but soluble when mixed with reducing agents under alkaline conditions. Dyeing requires additional chemicals like solubilizing
reactive_dye.ppt
This document provides an overview of different types of dyes used for coloring textiles, including their classification, descriptions, and main applications. It discusses direct dyes, which are easy to apply but have only moderate fastness; azoic dyes, which form insoluble dyes within fibers for improved fastness; vat dyes, which are difficult to apply but provide good fastness; sulphur dyes, which are cheap for dark shades but have poor fastness; and reactive dyes, which chemically react with fibers for good fastness. The document also provides examples of colors achievable with different dye types and notes characteristics like their suitability for specific fiber materials.
reactive_dye.ppt
This document provides an overview of different dye classes and their applications. It discusses direct dyes, which are easy to apply but have only moderate fastness, and are used for cellulosic fibers like cotton. It also covers acid dyes, which produce bright colors and are used for protein fibers like wool and silk, and reactive dyes, which chemically bond to fibers and are increasingly popular for cotton due to their good fastness. The document provides details on the characteristics and uses of different dye types including vat dyes, sulphur dyes, metal-complex dyes and chrome dyes.
Dye class
This document provides an introduction to dye classification and dyeing processes. It discusses various classes of dyes including direct dyes, azoic dyes, vat dyes, sulphur dyes, reactive dyes, acid dyes, and metal-complex dyes. For each dye class, it provides a general description, main applications, and some key details about how they work and are used. The document is intended to educate readers on dye types and which can be applied to different textile fibers like cotton, wool, silk, and nylon.
DR NICKAF PAINTS BASICS.pptxBasics paint composition and quality parameters
Basics paint composition and quality parameters
Paint
Paint is composed of pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. The pigments impart color while the binder forms a solid film and binds the pigments when dry. Common binders include resins, while solvents like water are used to adjust viscosity. Additives modify properties. Paint is manufactured through mixing, grinding, thinning, filtering, filling, and packaging steps to produce the final product. The ideal paint forms a protective film that is opaque, dries quickly, and resists corrosion, water, heat, fading, abrasion, and flexes without cracking.
Characteristics of industrial textile effluents and different types of effluents
This document discusses the characteristics of textile effluents and dye materials used in the textile industry. It describes the various processes involved in textile manufacturing like degumming, desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing. It explains that textile effluents contain a variety of organic and inorganic materials used in these processes. It also outlines the different types of dyes used for different fibers like direct dyes for cellulose, acid dyes for wool, and disperse dyes for polyester. Finally, it provides details on the properties and uses of common dyes like direct dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes, azo dyes, sulfide dyes
Dyes and pigment
Color is the sensation resulting from light waves of different wavelengths activating the retina of the eye. Longer wavelengths such as red have lower frequencies while shorter wavelengths like blue have higher frequencies. There are three aspects to color: hue (name), value (amount of black or white), and intensity (purity). Dyes are soluble colored organic compounds that can be applied to substrates to impart color, while pigments are insoluble colored particles that remain physically and chemically unaffected by the substrate. The key differences between dyes and pigments are their solubility, size, bonding method, longevity, and combustibility.
Acrylic enamel paints
Acrylic paint was first developed in the 1930s and became commercially available in the 1950s. It uses acrylic polymer emulsion to suspend pigments. Acrylic paint dries quickly and is water-soluble when wet but water-resistant when dry. It can mimic watercolor or oil painting techniques. Popularized in the 1960s by artists like Andy Warhol, it is commonly used for crafts and school art classes due to being non-toxic. Acrylic paint comes in various viscosities and grades for professional or student use. It offers advantages like quick drying, layering, and durability but also dries faster than oils, limiting blending techniques.
Paints and varnishes
The document discusses various types of paints and varnishes. It describes paint as a pigment, binder and solvent mixture that forms an adhering protective or decorative film. Good paint characteristics include adhesion, workability, protection, drying rate and resistance to weathering. Paint composition involves pigments, binders, solvents and additives. Various paint types like acrylic, automotive, epoxy, emulsion, enamel, metallic, PU and oil are outlined. Varnish is a resin dissolved in oil, turpentine or alcohol to protect and finish wood. Process of varnishing involves surface preparation, knotting, stopping and multiple coats. Types of varnish include oil, spar, turpentine and
Paints
This document provides information about paints and varnishes. It discusses the components of paints like pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. It describes the manufacturing process of paints and different types of paints like water based, oil based, interior, and exterior paints. It also discusses characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of paints. The document also provides details about types of varnishes, the varnishing process, and characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of varnishes.
Vat+dyes
This document discusses vat dyes, which are insoluble in water but can be solubilized by reduction into leuco compounds. It defines vat dyes and describes their general characteristics, including that they are applied to fabric in a reduced, soluble form and reoxidize upon exposure to air. The document also classifies vat dyes and outlines the steps of vat dyeing techniques, including vatting, oxidation, and after-treatment. It provides examples of indigo and anthraquinone vat dyes and how their chemical structures relate to solubility.
Paints and their compositions
Briefly describes the various possible examples of the main ingredients of paints and how much it constitutes in a paint formulation.
Reactive & Disperse Dye
This document discusses reactive dyes and disperse dyes used for dyeing textiles. It provides details on:
- Reactive dyes chemically bind to cellulose fibers and provide excellent wet fastness. Disperse dyes are used for synthetic fibers like polyester and acetate.
- Dyeing conditions like temperature, time and pH levels vary depending on the type of dye and fiber. Proper dye selection and process is needed to achieve good color fastness.
- Blends require multi-step dyeing using both reactive and disperse dyes in separate baths or a single bath approach to dye both natural and synthetic fiber components.
Paint and its application
This document provides an overview of the composition and application of paint. It discusses that paint is composed of a binder, pigment, extenders, and solvents. The binder is the film-forming component that forms an adherent film on the surface. Pigments provide characteristics like color and protection. Extenders modify properties and solvents make the paint flowable. Common binders include oils, resins, and polymers while common pigments are titanium dioxide, iron oxide, and phthalocyanine. Paint is applied to surfaces like houses, cars, and machines through various methods.
Direct dyes
Direct dyes are a class of dyes used for cellulose fibers like cotton. They provide duller colors than other dyes and have poor wash fastness without after-treatment. A few direct dyes have better light fastness than others. Direct dyes can be used with acid dyes in the same dye bath. Cationic dye fixatives can be added to improve wash fastness by bonding the dye to the fiber.
ye
Types of wall paints are discussed, including emulsion paint, distemper paint, enamel paints, wood finishes, primers, putties, aluminium paint, texture paints, cement paint, and synthetic enamel. Different types of paint are suitable for different surfaces like walls, wood, metal, and floors. Proper preparation of the surface is important before painting, such as cleaning, repairing cracks, and checking for moisture. Multiple thin coats are typically recommended for best results with drying time between coats.
Color Fastness.pptx
This document discusses color fastness in textiles. Color fastness refers to a dye or pigment's ability to retain its original hue without fading or changing when exposed to various conditions like washing, light, or rubbing. The document examines different types of color fastness tests and factors that influence fastness like fiber type, dye used, and dyeing process. It also describes common types of dyes like direct dyes, reactive dyes, acid dyes, and their properties as well as how they are applied and bonded to fibers. The level of color fastness required depends on an item's intended use to prevent fading or damage from typical wear and cleaning.
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DR NICKAF PAINTS BASICS.pptxBasics paint composition and quality parameters
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Community Skills Building Workshop | PMI Silver Spring Chapter | June 12, 2024
Community Skills Building Workshop | PMI Silver Spring Chapter | June 12, 2024Hector Del Castillo, CPM, CPMM
We recently hosted the much-anticipated Community Skill Builders Workshop during our June online meeting. This event was a culmination of six months of listening to your feedback and crafting solutions to better support your PMI journey. Here’s a look back at what happened and the exciting developments that emerged from our collaborative efforts.
A Gathering of Minds
We were thrilled to see a diverse group of attendees, including local certified PMI trainers and both new and experienced members eager to contribute their perspectives. The workshop was structured into three dynamic discussion sessions, each led by our dedicated membership advocates.
Key Takeaways and Future Directions
The insights and feedback gathered from these discussions were invaluable. Here are some of the key takeaways and the steps we are taking to address them:
• Enhanced Resource Accessibility: We are working on a new, user-friendly resource page that will make it easier for members to access training materials and real-world application guides.
• Structured Mentorship Program: Plans are underway to launch a mentorship program that will connect members with experienced professionals for guidance and support.
• Increased Networking Opportunities: Expect to see more frequent and varied networking events, both virtual and in-person, to help you build connections and foster a sense of community.
Moving Forward
We are committed to turning your feedback into actionable solutions that enhance your PMI journey. This workshop was just the beginning. By actively participating and sharing your experiences, you have helped shape the future of our Chapter’s offerings.
Thank you to everyone who attended and contributed to the success of the Community Skill Builders Workshop. Your engagement and enthusiasm are what make our Chapter strong and vibrant. Stay tuned for updates on the new initiatives and opportunities to get involved. Together, we are building a community that supports and empowers each other on our PMI journeys.
Stay connected, stay engaged, and let’s continue to grow together!
About PMI Silver Spring Chapter
We are a branch of the Project Management Institute. We offer a platform for project management professionals in Silver Spring, MD, and the DC/Baltimore metro area. Monthly meetings facilitate networking, knowledge sharing, and professional development. For more, visit pmissc.org.美洲杯投注-美洲杯投注比分-美洲杯投注比分投注|【网址🎉ac44.net🎉】
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LinkedIn for Your Job Search June 17, 2024
This webinar helps you understand and navigate your way through LinkedIn. Topics covered include learning the many elements of your profile, populating your work experience history, and understanding why a profile is more than just a resume. You will be able to identify the different features available on LinkedIn and where to focus your attention. We will teach how to create a job search agent on LinkedIn and explore job applications on LinkedIn.
按照学校原版(UofT文凭证书)多伦多大学毕业证快速办理
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留信网认证的作用:
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4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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留信网服务项目：
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3、留学人员区块链存储服务
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我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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按照学校原版(ArtEZ文凭证书)ArtEZ艺术学院毕业证快速办理
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【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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一比一原版(EUR毕业证)鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：95270640】【鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证EUR学位证成绩单】【微信：95270640】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：95270640】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：95270640】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：95270640】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证毕业证offerEUR学位证【微信：95270640 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证EUR学位证毕业证offer【微信：95270640 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证毕业证offerEUR学位证【微信：95270640 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证毕业证offerEUR学位证【微信：95270640 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
一比一原版美国西北大学毕业证(NWU毕业证书)学历如何办理
原版办理【微信号:BYZS866】【美国西北大学毕业证(NWU毕业证书)】【微信号:BYZS866】《成绩单、外壳、雅思、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信号BYZS866】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信号BYZS866】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
欧洲杯外围-欧洲杯外围赛程-欧洲杯外围压注|【网址🎉ac99.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac99.net🎉】欧洲杯外围是爱尔兰的博彩公司，成立于1988年，位于爱尔兰的都柏林。欧洲杯外围通过在爱尔兰和英国的一系列持牌博彩商店以及经营爱尔兰最大的电话博彩服务来开展业务。在互联网上，欧洲杯外围提供体育博彩，在线扑克，在线宾果游戏，在线赌场和在线游戏。
一比一原版布拉德福德大学毕业证（bradford毕业证）如何办理
一模一样【微信：A575476】【布拉德福德大学毕业证（bradford毕业证）成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Switching Careers Slides - JoyceMSullivan SocMediaFin - 2024Jun11.pdf
Joyce M Sullivan, Founder & CEO of SocMediaFin, Inc. shares her "Five Questions - The Story of You", "Reflections - What Matters to You?" and "The Three Circle Exercise" to guide those evaluating what their next move may be in their careers.
A Guide to a Winning Interview June 2024
This webinar is an in-depth review of the interview process. Preparation is a key element to acing an interview. Learn the best approaches from the initial phone screen to the face-to-face meeting with the hiring manager. You will hear great answers to several standard questions, including the dreaded “Tell Me About Yourself”.
在线办理(UOIT毕业证书)安大略省理工大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(UOIT毕业证书)安大略省理工大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Connect to Grow: The power of building networks
In the intricate tapestry of life, connections serve as the vibrant threads that weave together opportunities, experiences, and growth. Whether in personal or professional spheres, the ability to forge meaningful connections opens doors to a multitude of possibilities, propelling individuals toward success and fulfillment.
Eirini is an HR professional with strong passion for technology and semiconductors industry in particular. She started her career as a software recruiter in 2012, and developed an interest for business development, talent enablement and innovation which later got her setting up the concept of Software Community Management in ASML, and to Developer Relations today. She holds a bachelor degree in Lifelong Learning and an MBA specialised in Strategic Human Resources Management. She is a world citizen, having grown up in Greece, she studied and kickstarted her career in The Netherlands and can currently be found in Santa Clara, CA.
欧洲杯买球-欧洲杯买球买球推荐-欧洲杯买球买球推荐网站|【网址🎉ac10.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac10.net🎉】欧洲杯买球是一家极具特色的欧洲主流博彩公司，对于自己所擅长的赛事往往把赔率值压得很低，掩饰平局是他们一贯的手法。例如，当伟德旗帜鲜明地支持客胜，降低客胜值，提升主胜值，而平局赔率却与欧洲杯买球、欧洲杯买球的态度较吻合时，这场比赛往往以平局收场。
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Switching Careers Slides - JoyceMSullivan SocMediaFin - 2024Jun11.pdf
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Basic dyes
- 1. BASIC DYES Basic dyes are water soluble cationic dyes . These dyes consist of amino groups (trialkyl amines , dialkyl amines ) and are usually aniline dyes . Basic dyes produce bright shades on textile materials . Eg. Methylene Blue
- 2. PROPERTIES OF BASIC DYES • Ionic Nature : cationic • Shade range :unlimited shade range with high tinctorial value , brightness • Solubility : soluble in water • Leveling Properties : poor leveling • Affinity : very affinity towards wool , silk and acrylic fibre • Fastness Properties : light fastness is poor but wet fastness is good
- 3. • APPLICATIONS : These dyes are applied to wool , silk and acrylic fibre , usually acetic acid is added to dyebath to help the take up of the dye onto the fibre . These dyes are also used in colouration of paper •ADVANTAGES : Relatively economical Shows good brightness High tinctorial values • LIMITATIONS : Poor shade stability Very poor lightfastness