Kayachikitsa IMP Schlok – Part 1 - PPT
By Prof. Dr. R. R. Deshpande
• This PPT has following features –
• Imp Contents – Definition of Chikitsa, Definition of Sharir, Chatushpad, Chikitsa dhistit Purush, Pathya –Apathya, Yukti Vyapashraya Chikitsa, Santarponattha Vyadhi, Vyadhi Samprapti, Causes of Vata,Pitta & Kapha Prakop, Shat Kriya Kal, Clinical Features of Vata,Pitta & Kapha Prakop, Vyadhi kshamatva,Dosha Pak & Dhatu Pak,Aam etc
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
Phone – 922 68 10 630
In Charaka explains Dashavidha Pariksha Bhavas and
while explaining the aspect of of Desha, Desha is divided into
Bhumi and Deha Desha,Under Deha Desha, Dasha Vidha Atura Pariksha are explained,Dashavidha pariksha is one of important daignostic tool explained in Ayurveda ,in the context of दशविध परीक्षा भािा’ s.
in ayurvedic pharmacology some drugs have action according to their aura. this aura treat patients in various aspects eg wearing of jems and different stones
Kayachikitsa IMP Schlok – Part 1 - PPT
By Prof. Dr. R. R. Deshpande
• This PPT has following features –
• Imp Contents – Definition of Chikitsa, Definition of Sharir, Chatushpad, Chikitsa dhistit Purush, Pathya –Apathya, Yukti Vyapashraya Chikitsa, Santarponattha Vyadhi, Vyadhi Samprapti, Causes of Vata,Pitta & Kapha Prakop, Shat Kriya Kal, Clinical Features of Vata,Pitta & Kapha Prakop, Vyadhi kshamatva,Dosha Pak & Dhatu Pak,Aam etc
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
Phone – 922 68 10 630
In Charaka explains Dashavidha Pariksha Bhavas and
while explaining the aspect of of Desha, Desha is divided into
Bhumi and Deha Desha,Under Deha Desha, Dasha Vidha Atura Pariksha are explained,Dashavidha pariksha is one of important daignostic tool explained in Ayurveda ,in the context of दशविध परीक्षा भािा’ s.
in ayurvedic pharmacology some drugs have action according to their aura. this aura treat patients in various aspects eg wearing of jems and different stones
Haritha Varga and Correlation With Modern Food Articles - Charka SamhithaDr Arpitha R Sachin
Haritha Varga and Correlation With Modern Food Article- Ayurveda being immortal science always establishes its own approach towards human wellbeing. In Ayurveda food is considered as medicine so to suggest to appreciate food on the basis of properties and to get good health
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
Haritha Varga and Correlation With Modern Food Articles - Charka SamhithaDr Arpitha R Sachin
Haritha Varga and Correlation With Modern Food Article- Ayurveda being immortal science always establishes its own approach towards human wellbeing. In Ayurveda food is considered as medicine so to suggest to appreciate food on the basis of properties and to get good health
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
The beginnings of psychology are to be found in the curiosity of primitive man about himself and his companions. The development of modern psychology as a science has followed a long and somewhat uncertain course through the centuries. The Greeks were first to study mental illness scientifically and separate the study of the mind from religion.
Wilhelm Wundt is the man most commonly identified as the father of psychology.
Goals of psychology
Describe- Frist goals of psychology are to describe the different ways that organisms behave.
Explain- the cause of behaviour.
Predict- how organisms will behave in certain situations
Control- the fourth goal of psychology is to control an organism’s behaviour.
Author: Dr. Sangeeta Gehlot, Professor
Dr. Vandana Verma
Assistant Professor
Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda,
IMS, BHU, Varanasi, India
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
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This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
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Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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MASS MEDIA STUDIES-835-CLASS XI Resource Material.pdf
Basic Concept of Psychiatric Disorders
1. Basic Concept of Psychiatric Disorders
Prof. Y. K. Sharma
Dean cum Principal
Rajiv Gandhi Govt Post Graduate Ayurvedic College and Hospital
Paprola - Himachal Pradesh
3. Perfect balance of Body, Mind and Soul is absolutely necessary for complete
health of individual.
Concept of mind in ancient India had been since Pre-vedic Period.
It is conceived to be functional element of Atma as is described in Vedas also.
Mind is seat of “Rational Thinking” or Manan/Chintan/Vicharan, etc..
It works from its seat in ‘Sirohridya”
It has its identity with three Gunas-Satva, Rajas, Tama.
Concept of Mana (Mind)
4. Due to its varied functionality Mana in ancient Vedic literature has different names
line Mana, Chitta, Ubhayindriya, Anthakaran, Satav.
Mana and Bhuddhi (Intelligence)
Mana is regulator of;
Dhee-Concentration.
Dhriti-Retention
Samiriti- Recollection memory
These are basic requirements of Learned memory, rational thinking and new ideas:
Foundation of functioning of mana is systematic recollection of sequences of
events of learned memory for purposeful actions.
Synonyms:
5. Mana is also seat of Diseases like Sharir.
It also gets associated with Physical disorders of body called as
psychosomatic diseases.
The three factors responsible for human ailments i.e.
i. Asatmayaindriyaarth samyog.
ii. Pragyapradha
iii. Parinam.
Besides this The other factors like mind related diseases being Genetic,
Congenital or Familial is also established.
Seat of Disease:
6. The threefold strategy of management of Sharirik Diseases is also
relevant for mind Disorders. This includes:
1. Daivavyapasraya: Application of selected religious practices
especially from Hindu or Vedic literature.
2. Sattvavajaya: Psychological practices including Counseling,
behaviour therapy, etc.
3. Yuktivyapasaraya: Physiopharmacological methods of
management.
In addition “Nidanparivarjan” is very important
Management of Manas Roga:
7. Ayurveda highlights Mano-roga patients have three disease factors:
1. Alpasatava- Inadequate mental development leading to proneness.
2. Malapradhushta.:Precipitating etiology.
3. Buddhiniwas hridya pradushti- Disturbed intelligence and psyche
Pathogenesis of Psychiatric Ailments and Ayurveda:
8. 1. Mana-Emotions/Mood.
2. Buddhi – Intelligence/Thought process/Rational thinking/ Judgement/Insight, etc.
3. Sajnajnana – Orientation.
4. Smriti- Memory and memory based functions.
5. Bhakti – Desire/Will.
6. Sila – interests and habits.
7. Cheshta - Psychomotor activities.
8. Aachara –Behavior and conduct.
Charak has enumerated Eight features of impaired mental faculty in Unnmada
which are relevant to all psychiatric ailments. This includes disturbance of :
9. Ayurveda considers that all three Sharirik Doshas-Vata , Pitta , Kapha and
two Manas Dosha -Raja and Tama when in morbid state are responsible
for Manas Roga as such all the three modalities of disease management
are equally applicable in management of manasroga also. These are:
1. Daivavyapasraya: Application of selected religious practices especially
from Hindu or Vedic literature.
2. Sattvavajaya: Psychological practices including Counseling, behavior
therapy, etc.
3. Yuktivapasaraya: Physiopharmacological methods of management.
Ayurveda and management of Manas Roga:
10. Psychiatry also known as Psychological Medicine, is the branch of medicine
which deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental illnesses.
Psychology: Is science which studies the normal aspects of mind and expert of
this field is called psychologist.
Psychiatry/Psychology
11. Mind is one of the functions of brain.
• Intelligence
• Memory
• Thinking
• Emotions
• Orientation
• Perception
• Behavior
• Judgment
• Insight
• Attention
• Etc. are its functions.
These are often called as Higher Mental Functions.
What is Mind?
12. Conscious Mind:
Unconscious Mind:
Structure of Mind:
The strata of this mind are not within one’s awareness and it
constitutes 9/10 of mind. This is important since it influences
the mental functions of normal as well as psychologically
effected persons.
This is strata of mind within one’s awareness and forms only
small portion of mind i.e. One tenth of mind structure.
13. • Does not suffer from disorders of thinking, Emotions, Learning,
Intelligence, Memory, Orientation, Perception, Etc.
• Well adjusted to self and surrounding.
• Experiences sense of Tranquility, Happiness,
• Contentment and fulfillment.
• Establishes cordial relations with people around.
• Performs duty efficiently.
• Shoulders family and social responsibilities and obligations
satisfactorily.
• Should utilize his potential, capacities, and creativity for the welfare of
the community and humanity at large.
Characteristics of Mentally Healthy Person:
14. -Disturbed thinking, emotions, intelligence, memory and other Higher Mental Functions.
-Disturbed behavior like rowdy, violent, destructive, suicidal, etc.
-Anxiety, fears, Irritability, Poverty of concentration,
-Diminished work efficiency, unwanted ideas, repetitive meaningless activities.
-Somatic symptoms like headache, weakness, anorexia, sleeplessness, palpitation, etc.
-Antisocial behavior like criminality, sexual perversions, drug addiction, alcoholism, etc.
Recognition of Mentally Ill Person:
15.
16. No single reason. Multiple factors are incriminated. These include Initiation
Factors and Precipitating factors.
-Hereditary
-Life phase associated like Infancy, Puberty, Pregnancy, Menopause, Senescence, etc.
-Trauma.
-Infection.
-Metabolic and Endocrine disturbances.
-Deficiency states.
-Drugs and Alcohol.
-Physical defects and illnesses.
-Strained interpersonal relations at home, work, school, etc.
-Bereavement or loss of job or prestige.
-Other factors like childhood insecurities, educational problems, social deprivation, sexual
difficulties, economic and financial reasons, religious factors, adverse physical
environment, natural calamities, etc are other listed factors for psychiatric ailments.
Causes of Mental Illnesses:
17. Detailed History and Observation of activities and Behavior is key to
Evaluation of Mental State of Patient. Mental State Examination is based
on following observations:
-Attitude and Appearance.
-Consciousness.
-Emotions.
-Motor behavior.
-Thought process.
-Perception.
-Memory.
-Orientation.
-Intelligence.
-Insight.
Mental State Examination:
18. Traditionally classified as:
Organic Functional.
But this classification has now been discarded and current classification is
based on:
ICD-10 ( International Classification of Diseases-10th Edition)
DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
ICD -10 Classification is formulated by W.H.O.
Classification:
21. Mental and Behavioural Disorders Due to Psychactive
Substance Abuse.
This includes intoxications, dependence, withdrawl states,
Use of Alcohol. Cannabis, Opiates, Cocaine, and other
psychoactive drugs are common examples.
22. • These are characterized by Disorders of thinking, perception, inappropriate
blunted mood.
• Patient have delusions, hallucinations and demonstrable thought disorders
and all these symptoms occur in clear consciousness.
• Schizotypical disorders: Characterized by eccentric behavior and anomalies
in thinking and mood. Delusions and hallucinations may be absent.
• Delusional Disorders include a variety of disorders with long standing
delusional.
Schizophrenia, Schizotypical and Delusional Disorders:
23.
24.
25. This includes change in mood to depression or elation.
Persistent and recurrent depressive mood is classified as Major
Depressive Illness
Depression with lesser intensity and longer duration is classified as
Dysthymic Disorder.
Mania and Depression are commonly seen as Unipolar or Bipolar Mood
Disorders.
Mood Disorders
26.
27.
28. • These consists of disorders associated with
• Anxiety
• Phobia
• Panic
• Obsessive Compulsive disorders
• Adjustment disorders
• Dissociative disorders
etc.
Neurotic, Stress-Related and Somatoform Disorder:
36. Psychological Tests to evaluate Intelligence, Adjustment, psychopathology,
Personality tests, Projective tests,
To evaluate Organic Brain Damage tests to evaluate memory, Problem solving
tests like Bender –Gestalt Test, PGI Memory Test,
Electrophysiological investigations like EEG,
Imaging like CT, MRI, PET are useful.
Neuroendocrine tests.
Blood,Urine Tests for Substance abuse
Special Diagnostic Tests in Psychiatry:
37. Treatment of psychiatric disorders is based on:
1.Physical therapy.
2.Drug therapy.
3.Psychotherapy and Case work.
4.Other therapies such as Surgical therapy, Behavior therapy.
Treatment of psychiatric disorders may be optional as well as mandatory and
have legal implications also.
Treatment in Psychiatry:
38. This includes:
-Convulsive therapy-ECT.
-Insulin Therapy.
-Abreactive Therapy like Hypnosis, Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis.
Physical Therapy:
Antipsychiotics :
• Phenothiazines- Chloropromazine, Trifluperazine, Thioridazine, etc.
• Butyropheraphenones-Haloperidol, Trifluperidol, etc.
• Serotonin Dopamine antagonists-Resperidon.
• Receptor targeted anti-psychotics- Olanzapine,
• Sarapgandha was traditionally used for treatment of Psychosis but this has
now been discarded.
Drug Therapy:
39. Tricyclics- Imipramine, Amitryptiline, Doxepin, Nortryptilin, etc.
MAO inhibitors- Phenelegine, Selegeline, etc.
Serotonin uptake inhibitors- Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram,
Escitalopram, etc.
Serotonin norepinephrine uptake inhibitors- Duloxetine, Milnaciparan, etc.
Anti-Depressants:
41. Individual,
Family
or Group Psychotherapy.
Psychotherapy may be short term also called as Supportive psychotherapy or
Long Term called as Analytical Psychotherapy.
Educative Psychotherapy e.g. Epileptics and their parents, Relatives of
psychotic patients, etc.
Psychotherapy and Case Work:
Commonly used to treat certain psychological processes and to relieve the patient’s
symptoms. It also corrects the psychopathology and modifies personality patterns.
It may include:
42.
43. First choice in neurotic illnesses like anxiety, phobias, hysterias, obsession, etc.
Psychosomatic illnesses.
Alcoholism, Drug addiction, sexual deviations, personality and character disorders.
It is of little help in psychotic ailments.
Indications of Psychotherapy:
44. Surgical therapy: Leucotomy, Lobectomy, but of limited practical utility.
Behavior therapy: Recommended for neurotic ailments, addictions,
psychopathy, Results are based on conditioning, extinction, reciprocal
inhibition and desensitization, etc.
Miscellaneous therapy: This includes occupational therapy, work therapy,
recreational therapy, music therapy. These are commonly used as adjuvant
to other forms of treatment. They help to express conflicts and release
tension, aggression, and regain confidence.
Hypnosis: Commonly used to manage hysteria, habit disorders like
stammering, etc.
Other Therapies:
45. -Psychiatric disorders have same basis of etiopathogenesis as Somatic disorders.
-Any age group may be involved.
-Early recognition is key to better recovery.
-Like somatic illnesses psychiatric illness too have potential to kill the person.
-Patients with psychiatric illness should be treated like a somatic illness and no
stigma should be attached to such illnesses when the appear in an individual.
-Psychiatric diagnosis like psychosis have legal implications and hence such
diagnosis should be confirmed by experts of field,
Last Word: