Earlier in the month, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence issued a new guideline on bacterial meningitis and meningococcal disease in children. At the symposium we had two members of the Guideline Development Group. As well as our own Linda Glennie, we were joined by Dr Nelly Ninis, consultant paediatrician at St Mary's Hospital, who was able to explain the implications of this important guideline on the early recognition and treatment of septicaemia.
Earlier in the month, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence issued a new guideline on bacterial meningitis and meningococcal disease in children. At the symposium we had two members of the Guideline Development Group. As well as our own Linda Glennie, we were joined by Dr Nelly Ninis, consultant paediatrician at St Mary's Hospital, who was able to explain the implications of this important guideline on the early recognition and treatment of septicaemia.
This week, cerebrospinal meningitis is on the news. This disease, which is majorly prevalent during the dry season has been reported to be ravaging five states in the North-West region of Nigeria including- Zamfara, Sokoto, Kebbi, Katsina and Niger States.
This week, cerebrospinal meningitis is on the news. This disease, which is majorly prevalent during the dry season has been reported to be ravaging five states in the North-West region of Nigeria including- Zamfara, Sokoto, Kebbi, Katsina and Niger States.
It discusses laboratory tests involved in diagnosing meningitis with more emphasis on details of each test and findings, esp useful for microbiologists and medical students.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
3. 3 INTODUCTION High morbidity and mortality 60% of infant who survive G-ve bacillary meningitis have developmental disabilities and/or neurological sequelae 25% was the case-fatality rate in a review of 493 episodes of bact.meningitis in adults. It is a life-threatening medical emergency cases of meningitis are a leading cause of malpractice suits against emergency doctors
4. 4 Cont. introduction Meningitis is characterized by inflammation of the pia-arachnoid and surrounding CSF. Nasopharyngeal mucosal colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria is the usual first step, although the organism may be included by trauma or at the time of a neurosurgical or diagnostic procedure. Individuals who are especially susceptible include: -
5. 5 Cont.introduction Those who are asplenic ( sicklers, or splenectomized) who congenitally lack terminal complement components. Who have poor anti-body response to bacterial polysaccharides ( young children or persons with multiple myeloma ).
6. 6 Epidemiological trends The frequency of meningitis due to H. influenzae in children has declined dramatically because of widespread use of H. influenzae type b vaccines ( 95% reduction in incidence in the past decade). Lasker Award in 1996. H. influenzae meningitis has almost disappeared from U.S.A.
7. 7 Diagnostic evaluation It should be considered as a medical emergency and promptly evaluated. Typical CSF finding but -ve gram stain: - latex agglutination test: -specific c-reactive protein in CSF : sensitive petechial scraping :- diagnostic in 70% of cases. A CT scan is rarely needed (? Delay diagn.)
8. 8 Diagnostic evaluation Prior oral antibiotics can decrease the positive yield of CSF culturs by 4-33% and of Gram’s stain 7-41%. Cell count, glucose, and protein usually are not affected. C&S obtained 24h after initial antibiotic administration are +ve only in 20% of cases lymphocyte predominance in a patient who otherwise appears to have bact.meningitis.
9. 9 Empirical treatment When lumpar puncture is delayed or Gram’s stain of the CSF is nondiagnostic. Ceftriaxone is avoided in neonate because of concerns regarding protein binding and displacement of bilirubin. Many antibiotics penetrate BBB poorly under normal circumstances (penetration improves if meninges are inflamed). Patients with bacterial meningitis must
10. 10 cont always be admitted to a hospital ward for I.V antibiotics, observation, and supportive care (no role for oral or I.M. treatment)
11. 11 Adjuvant therapy Inflammatory potential of G+ve cell wall and G-ve lipopolysaccharide. Dexamethasone 0.15mg per kg every 6 h. for 2-4 days is recommended in children over 2m of age suspected to have bact.meningitis. It should be initiated I.V. with or slightly before the antibiotics if delayed 3-4h after 1st dose of antibiotics
12. 12 Cont. Do not give sever sepsis, suspected or documented is a contra-indication.
13. 13 Meningococcal meningitis Sudden onset of fever, intense headache, nausea, and often vomiting, stiff neck and, a petechial rash with pink macules. Case fatality rate (10-50%) in fulminant meningococcemia, the death rate remains high despite prompt antibacterial treatment. Neisseria meningitidis groups(A,B,C,X,Y,W135,Z)
14. 14 cont It occurs in winter and springs mainly preliminarily a disease of very small children*(m>f). Irregular epidemics man is the only reservoir. Transmitted by direct contact, including respiratory droplets during epidemics, over half of the men in
15. 15 cont In a military unit may be healthy carriers of pathogenic meningococci. I.P = 2-10 days C.P = Until eradicated from the nose and mouth. Susceptibility decrease with age group-specific immunity of unknown duration follows even subclinical infections
16. 16 Preventive measures Health education reduce overcrowding quadrivalent vaccine (A,C.Y.W135) is effective in adults and is only used vaccine in U.S.A. since 1971. Duration of protection is limited in children 1-3 y. of age.(poor immunogenicity especially C) no vaccine against B
17. 17 Control Report to local health authority. Respiratory isolation for 24h. After starting antibiotics concurrent disinfection of discharge close contacts (share utensils) need obsevat- Ion for early signs of the disease. Rifampicine 600mg BID for 2 d. (10mg/kg for children , 5mg/kg for neonate) ceftriaxone 250mg IM stat, 125mg if under 15 y. of age. Ciprofloxacin 500mg
18. 18 Cont. P.o stat for adults health care personnel :- only intimate exposure to nasopharyngeal secretions (e.g.mouth to mouth resuscitation) warrant prophylaxis.?? Vaccination of close Contact is of no practical use. The pt. should be given rifampicine prior to discharge from the hospital* the goal of prophylaxis is to eliminate the carrier state from naso-pharynx