This document summarizes insect pests, diseases and their control measures for mango crops. It discusses various insect pests that affect mango including mango hopper, mealybug, fruitfly, scale insects, seed weevil and shoot borer. It also outlines cultural, biological and chemical control methods for these pests. The document also describes diseases like powdery mildew and anthracnose, and their symptoms and integrated management approaches combining cultural, biological and chemical control strategies.
This document discusses several insect pests and diseases that affect mango trees, as well as their symptoms and control methods. It describes pests such as mango hoppers, mealybugs, fruit flies, and shoot borers, and diseases such as powdery mildew, anthracnose, malformation, dieback, and bacterial canker. It provides details on the life cycles and damage caused by these pests, as well as both non-chemical and chemical control options.
1. The document identifies and describes several major insect pests that affect mango trees and fruit, including mango hoppers, mealybugs, fruit flies, and bark-eating caterpillars.
2. It provides details on the life cycles of the pests, damage symptoms caused, and highlights sooty mold as a common secondary issue.
3. Control recommendations are outlined for each pest, including cultural, biological, and chemical approaches. Cultural controls focus on sanitation while chemical controls recommend targeted application of specific insecticides at key life stages.
The document provides management strategies for various insect pests and diseases that affect mango, citrus, pomegranate, guava, and litchi crops. For mango, it discusses controlling fruit flies, hoppers, and mealybugs. For citrus, it covers leafminers, swallowtail butterflies, thrips, aphids, scales, scab, dieback, canker, and greening. For pomegranate, it mentions managing fruit borers, sucking moths, cracking, aphids, and thrips. For guava, it discusses anthracnose, rust, fruit flies, and weevils. Finally, for litchi, it
This document discusses three important diseases of mango: powdery mildew, anthracnose, and mango malformation. It provides details on the symptoms, causal fungi, and favorable conditions for each disease. It also outlines management strategies for each disease, including cultural practices like pruning and spacing, resistant varieties, and fungicide application timings and active ingredients. Key information includes that powdery mildew can cause up to 80% crop loss, anthracnose impacts both pre-and post-harvest fruit, and malformation distorts flowers and shoots.
This document discusses insect pests and their management in various fruit crops like mango, banana, and grapes. For mango, it describes pests like hoppers, mealybugs, stem borers, shoot borers, and fruit flies and their symptoms and management practices. It also discusses pests of banana like aphids, rhizome weevils, pseudostem borers and their management. For grapes, it covers grape phylloxera and grape flea beetle pests. It concludes with mentioning litchi mite as a pest of litchi and its symptoms. The document provides information on key pests that affect important fruit crops and strategies to manage them.
This document discusses several pests that affect tomato production, including whitefly, fruit borer, leaf minor, Epilachna beetle, tobacco caterpillar, root knot nematode, and recommendations for their control. For whitefly, recommendations include following clean cultivation, limiting irrigation, and spraying recommended insecticides. For fruit borer, recommendations include collecting infected fruits, using trap crops, releasing parasitoids, and spraying insecticides. For leaf minor, polythene mulching combined with irrigation and neem or insecticide sprays are recommended.
This document discusses several insect pests and diseases that affect mango trees, as well as their symptoms and control methods. It describes pests such as mango hoppers, mealybugs, fruit flies, and shoot borers, and diseases such as powdery mildew, anthracnose, malformation, dieback, and bacterial canker. It provides details on the life cycles and damage caused by these pests, as well as both non-chemical and chemical control options.
1. The document identifies and describes several major insect pests that affect mango trees and fruit, including mango hoppers, mealybugs, fruit flies, and bark-eating caterpillars.
2. It provides details on the life cycles of the pests, damage symptoms caused, and highlights sooty mold as a common secondary issue.
3. Control recommendations are outlined for each pest, including cultural, biological, and chemical approaches. Cultural controls focus on sanitation while chemical controls recommend targeted application of specific insecticides at key life stages.
The document provides management strategies for various insect pests and diseases that affect mango, citrus, pomegranate, guava, and litchi crops. For mango, it discusses controlling fruit flies, hoppers, and mealybugs. For citrus, it covers leafminers, swallowtail butterflies, thrips, aphids, scales, scab, dieback, canker, and greening. For pomegranate, it mentions managing fruit borers, sucking moths, cracking, aphids, and thrips. For guava, it discusses anthracnose, rust, fruit flies, and weevils. Finally, for litchi, it
This document discusses three important diseases of mango: powdery mildew, anthracnose, and mango malformation. It provides details on the symptoms, causal fungi, and favorable conditions for each disease. It also outlines management strategies for each disease, including cultural practices like pruning and spacing, resistant varieties, and fungicide application timings and active ingredients. Key information includes that powdery mildew can cause up to 80% crop loss, anthracnose impacts both pre-and post-harvest fruit, and malformation distorts flowers and shoots.
This document discusses insect pests and their management in various fruit crops like mango, banana, and grapes. For mango, it describes pests like hoppers, mealybugs, stem borers, shoot borers, and fruit flies and their symptoms and management practices. It also discusses pests of banana like aphids, rhizome weevils, pseudostem borers and their management. For grapes, it covers grape phylloxera and grape flea beetle pests. It concludes with mentioning litchi mite as a pest of litchi and its symptoms. The document provides information on key pests that affect important fruit crops and strategies to manage them.
This document discusses several pests that affect tomato production, including whitefly, fruit borer, leaf minor, Epilachna beetle, tobacco caterpillar, root knot nematode, and recommendations for their control. For whitefly, recommendations include following clean cultivation, limiting irrigation, and spraying recommended insecticides. For fruit borer, recommendations include collecting infected fruits, using trap crops, releasing parasitoids, and spraying insecticides. For leaf minor, polythene mulching combined with irrigation and neem or insecticide sprays are recommended.
1) Mango trees are infested by over 492 insect species, with about 45% being major pests that cause significant crop loss. These include mango hoppers, mealybugs, stem borers, fruit flies, stone weevils, scales, leaf webbers, leaf miners, and leaf eating caterpillars.
2) Chemical pesticides like monocrotophos, malathion, dimethoate, and quinalphos are used preventatively and curatively to control pests, though applications should be need-based and rotations used to prevent resistance.
3) Specific insecticides and application timings are recommended for different pests, such as methyl parath
This document summarizes five main diseases that affect cucumbers: 1) Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, 2) Bacterial wilt caused by the bacteria Erwinia tracheiphila, 3) Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, 4) Mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus and squash mosaic virus transmitted by aphids, and 5) Root knot nematode caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. It provides details on symptoms, life cycles, and management recommendations for each disease, which include using resistant varieties, rotation, fungicides/insecticides, and removing alternative hosts
The document discusses diseases that affect several fruit crops including mango, banana, and citrus. For mango, it describes the symptoms and management of powdery mildew, anthracnose, and red rust. For banana, it covers yellow and black sigatoka, Panama wilt, Erwinia rhizome rot, banana bunchy top virus, and anthracnose. Finally, for citrus it discusses gummosis and citrus canker, outlining the causal organisms, symptoms, and recommended control measures for each disease.
Pointed gourd is an important vegetable crop grown in West Bengal, India. It is damaged by seven fungal diseases and insect/mite pests. The three major fungal diseases are downy mildew, stem and fruit rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, and root knot caused by Meloidogyne incognita. Control measures include crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, and fungicide application. Fungicides like copper oxychloride and metalaxyl + mancozeb were found effective against these diseases. Proper sanitation and avoiding water stagnation are also recommended.
This document discusses three major pests that damage mango crops: the mango hopper, mango mealybug, and mango fruitflies. The mango hopper nymphs and adults suck sap from plant tissues, causing browning, deformity, and drying. The mango mealybug nymphs and adults also suck sap from leaves, flowers, branches, and fruits, resulting in flower and fruit drop. Mango fruitflies lay eggs inside ripening fruits, and the hatched larvae feed on the pulp. Management strategies for these pests include the use of biocontrol agents like fungi, insecticide sprays, removal of weeds that harbor mealybugs, release of ladybird beetles,
Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leading to the infestation of the fruit. Larvae feed on the seed, causing damage and reducing fruit quality.
3. **Mango Fruit Flies:** Fruit flies lay eggs in ripe mango fruits, and their larvae feed on the flesh, causing it to rot and become unsuitable for consumption.
Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leading to the infestation of the fruit. Larvae feed on the seed, causing damage and reducing fruit quality.
3. **Mango Fruit Flies:** Fruit flies lay eggs in ripe mango fruits, and their larvae feed on the flesh, causing it to rot and become unsuitable for consumption.
4. **Mango Scale Insects:** These insects attach themselves to branches and leaves, sucking sap from the tree. Heavy infestations can weaken the tree and reduce fruit yield.
5. **Mango Shoot Borers:** The larvae of these moths tunnel into mango shoots, causing wilting, dieback, and reduced growth.
**Diseases:**
1. **Anthracnose:** A fungal disease that causes dark lesions on leaves, flowers, and fruit. It can lead to premature fruit drop and post-harvest rot.
2. **Powdery Mildew:** This fungal disease appears as a powdery white coating on leaves, shoots, and flowers, affecting photosynthesis and fruit development.
3. **Bacterial Black Spot:** Characterized by black lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It can lead to defoliation and reduced fruit quality.
4. **Fusarium Wilt:** A soil-borne fungal disease that causes yellowing, wilting, and death of mango trees by blocking water uptake.
5. **Root Rot:** Caused by various fungi, root rot affects the roots, leading to stunted growth, wilting, and ultimately death of the tree.
Managing these pests and diseases often involves a combination of cultural practices, such as proper sanitation, pruning, and irrigation, as well as chemical control methods like insecticides and fungicides. Regular monitoring and early detection are crucial for effective management.Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leadinghbvhghbbv
Mango insects A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Prov...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses various insect pests that affect mangoes, including bark eating caterpillars, fruit piercing moths, mango stem borers, mango shoot caterpillars, mango leafhoppers, mango stem miners, mango fruit flies, red banded mango caterpillars, mango thrips, mango whiteflies, mango mealybugs, inflorescence midges, leaf webbers, shoot gall psyllas, and scale insects. It provides details on the damage caused by each pest as well as potential management strategies like pruning, destruction of infested plant parts, and chemical sprays to control pest populations and reduce damage.
The document discusses several major insect pests that affect mango crops, including the mango hopper (Amritodus atkinsoni), mango mealybug (Drosicha mangiferae), stem borer (Batocera rufomaculata), stone weevil (Sternochaetus mangifera), shoot gall psylla (Apsylla cistella), and inflorescence midge (Erosomyia indica). For each pest, it provides details on taxonomy, life cycle, damage symptoms, and integrated pest management strategies with a focus on cultural, biological and chemical control methods. Mango is an important fruit crop for India, and effective management of these insect pests is
This document discusses several major insect pests that damage fruits in Pakistan. It begins by providing background on insects and then discusses six key pests in detail: 1) fruit flies, which lay eggs inside fruits and whose larvae feed on the flesh, causing economic losses; 2) the lemon butterfly, whose caterpillar larvae feed on citrus leaves; 3) aphids, which suck sap from plants and reduce yields; 4) red scales, an armored scale insect that sucks sap and can cause tree death; 5) mango hoppers, which feed on mango flowers, leaves, and fruits, stunting growth; and 6) the banana weevil, whose grub larvae bore into banana plants and rhizomes,
The document provides information on various diseases that affect horticultural crops. It discusses 16 different diseases affecting mangoes, including anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which causes spots on leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. It also discusses powdery mildew caused by Oidium mangiferae, mango malformation caused by Fusarium moliliforme, stem end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis and red rust caused by Cephaleuros virescens. It provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles and management practices for diseases of mangoes.
A serious and important disease that affects banana and got huge loss in its yield and growth. Some factors that are responsible for its cause and measures to eliminate this disease are briefly discussed.
This document provides information on various pests that affect rice crops, including their names, descriptions of damage symptoms, and recommendations for management. It discusses pests such as rice thrips, rice grasshopper, rice gundhi bug, armyworm, rice caseworm, rice hispa, rice leaf folder, brown plant hopper, green plant hopper, white backed plant hopper, rice stem borer, and Asian gall midge. For each pest, it provides details on cultural, biological and chemical control methods that can be used for management.
CULTURAL METHOD IN NEMATODE CONTROL HariniP.pptxakshayaaaswanth
This document discusses cultural control methods for plant-parasitic nematodes. Some key methods mentioned include selecting healthy seed and plant material to avoid introducing nematodes, adjusting planting times to avoid peak nematode life cycles, deep summer plowing to increase soil temperatures and kill nematodes, fallowing fields to starve nematodes, using manures and composts to encourage beneficial nematodes and microbes, flooding fields to create anaerobic conditions lethal to nematodes, trap cropping with highly susceptible crops to attract nematodes away from the main crop, using antagonistic crops like marigold and mustard with chemicals nematodes avoid, removing and destroying infected plants to limit spread, and growing resistant varieties that limit nematode damage.
This document provides information about almond production in Afghanistan. It discusses the history and nutritional profile of almonds as well as their major growing countries. It then summarizes almond cultivation in Afghanistan, including common varieties, suitable climate, production of saplings, transplanting, irrigation methods, pest and disease management, and pruning practices.
Disease and Insect Pest of Ber and their ManagementRamkumarrai3
Ber (Zizyphus Spp.) is a most important fruit and more nutritive value for the purpose of dryland fruit production. Its require heavy pruning during April- May .
This document discusses major insect pests that affect solanaceous crops like potato and tomato, and their management. It identifies pests like fruit borer, leaf miners, whiteflies, aphids, and cutworms. It recommends integrated pest management strategies like growing resistant varieties, cultural controls like crop rotation, and biological controls using parasites and predators. It also provides details on effective chemical controls using targeted insecticides to manage specific pests. The conclusion emphasizes the use of integrated approaches and biopesticides to control solanaceous crop insects in a sustainable manner.
This document provides information about rice production in Pakistan. It discusses the botanical name of rice, its importance as a staple food and export crop, common varieties grown in Pakistan, and cultural practices for rice production including land preparation, sowing, fertilizer use, irrigation, and pest and disease management. The key stages of rice growth are also outlined. Rice is an important crop for Pakistan's agriculture, contributing to GDP and fulfilling dietary requirements.
1. Physiological disorders in radishes can be caused by environmental factors like nutrient deficiencies, temperature fluctuations, poor soil conditions, and improper moisture levels.
2. Key physiological disorders discussed include pore development which causes pores in the root reducing quality, elongated or forked roots from excess moisture or compact soil, and bolting from warmer temperatures or planting too late.
3. Other disorders include increased pungency from heat or water stress, and cracking from uneven watering, over-fertilizing, or leaving radishes in the ground too long. Proper watering, fertilizing, harvesting, and variety selection can help control many of these physiological disorders.
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Similar to Azan -06 Mango Insect pests and diseases .pptx
1) Mango trees are infested by over 492 insect species, with about 45% being major pests that cause significant crop loss. These include mango hoppers, mealybugs, stem borers, fruit flies, stone weevils, scales, leaf webbers, leaf miners, and leaf eating caterpillars.
2) Chemical pesticides like monocrotophos, malathion, dimethoate, and quinalphos are used preventatively and curatively to control pests, though applications should be need-based and rotations used to prevent resistance.
3) Specific insecticides and application timings are recommended for different pests, such as methyl parath
This document summarizes five main diseases that affect cucumbers: 1) Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, 2) Bacterial wilt caused by the bacteria Erwinia tracheiphila, 3) Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, 4) Mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus and squash mosaic virus transmitted by aphids, and 5) Root knot nematode caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. It provides details on symptoms, life cycles, and management recommendations for each disease, which include using resistant varieties, rotation, fungicides/insecticides, and removing alternative hosts
The document discusses diseases that affect several fruit crops including mango, banana, and citrus. For mango, it describes the symptoms and management of powdery mildew, anthracnose, and red rust. For banana, it covers yellow and black sigatoka, Panama wilt, Erwinia rhizome rot, banana bunchy top virus, and anthracnose. Finally, for citrus it discusses gummosis and citrus canker, outlining the causal organisms, symptoms, and recommended control measures for each disease.
Pointed gourd is an important vegetable crop grown in West Bengal, India. It is damaged by seven fungal diseases and insect/mite pests. The three major fungal diseases are downy mildew, stem and fruit rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, and root knot caused by Meloidogyne incognita. Control measures include crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, and fungicide application. Fungicides like copper oxychloride and metalaxyl + mancozeb were found effective against these diseases. Proper sanitation and avoiding water stagnation are also recommended.
This document discusses three major pests that damage mango crops: the mango hopper, mango mealybug, and mango fruitflies. The mango hopper nymphs and adults suck sap from plant tissues, causing browning, deformity, and drying. The mango mealybug nymphs and adults also suck sap from leaves, flowers, branches, and fruits, resulting in flower and fruit drop. Mango fruitflies lay eggs inside ripening fruits, and the hatched larvae feed on the pulp. Management strategies for these pests include the use of biocontrol agents like fungi, insecticide sprays, removal of weeds that harbor mealybugs, release of ladybird beetles,
Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leading to the infestation of the fruit. Larvae feed on the seed, causing damage and reducing fruit quality.
3. **Mango Fruit Flies:** Fruit flies lay eggs in ripe mango fruits, and their larvae feed on the flesh, causing it to rot and become unsuitable for consumption.
Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leading to the infestation of the fruit. Larvae feed on the seed, causing damage and reducing fruit quality.
3. **Mango Fruit Flies:** Fruit flies lay eggs in ripe mango fruits, and their larvae feed on the flesh, causing it to rot and become unsuitable for consumption.
4. **Mango Scale Insects:** These insects attach themselves to branches and leaves, sucking sap from the tree. Heavy infestations can weaken the tree and reduce fruit yield.
5. **Mango Shoot Borers:** The larvae of these moths tunnel into mango shoots, causing wilting, dieback, and reduced growth.
**Diseases:**
1. **Anthracnose:** A fungal disease that causes dark lesions on leaves, flowers, and fruit. It can lead to premature fruit drop and post-harvest rot.
2. **Powdery Mildew:** This fungal disease appears as a powdery white coating on leaves, shoots, and flowers, affecting photosynthesis and fruit development.
3. **Bacterial Black Spot:** Characterized by black lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It can lead to defoliation and reduced fruit quality.
4. **Fusarium Wilt:** A soil-borne fungal disease that causes yellowing, wilting, and death of mango trees by blocking water uptake.
5. **Root Rot:** Caused by various fungi, root rot affects the roots, leading to stunted growth, wilting, and ultimately death of the tree.
Managing these pests and diseases often involves a combination of cultural practices, such as proper sanitation, pruning, and irrigation, as well as chemical control methods like insecticides and fungicides. Regular monitoring and early detection are crucial for effective management.Sure, here's a more detailed overview of common pests and diseases that affect mango trees:
**Pests:**
1. **Mango Leafhoppers:** These sap-sucking insects can cause leaf yellowing, curling, and premature leaf drop. They also excrete honeydew, leading to the growth of sooty mold.
2. **Mango Seed Weevils:** These beetles lay eggs inside mango seeds, leadinghbvhghbbv
Mango insects A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Prov...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses various insect pests that affect mangoes, including bark eating caterpillars, fruit piercing moths, mango stem borers, mango shoot caterpillars, mango leafhoppers, mango stem miners, mango fruit flies, red banded mango caterpillars, mango thrips, mango whiteflies, mango mealybugs, inflorescence midges, leaf webbers, shoot gall psyllas, and scale insects. It provides details on the damage caused by each pest as well as potential management strategies like pruning, destruction of infested plant parts, and chemical sprays to control pest populations and reduce damage.
The document discusses several major insect pests that affect mango crops, including the mango hopper (Amritodus atkinsoni), mango mealybug (Drosicha mangiferae), stem borer (Batocera rufomaculata), stone weevil (Sternochaetus mangifera), shoot gall psylla (Apsylla cistella), and inflorescence midge (Erosomyia indica). For each pest, it provides details on taxonomy, life cycle, damage symptoms, and integrated pest management strategies with a focus on cultural, biological and chemical control methods. Mango is an important fruit crop for India, and effective management of these insect pests is
This document discusses several major insect pests that damage fruits in Pakistan. It begins by providing background on insects and then discusses six key pests in detail: 1) fruit flies, which lay eggs inside fruits and whose larvae feed on the flesh, causing economic losses; 2) the lemon butterfly, whose caterpillar larvae feed on citrus leaves; 3) aphids, which suck sap from plants and reduce yields; 4) red scales, an armored scale insect that sucks sap and can cause tree death; 5) mango hoppers, which feed on mango flowers, leaves, and fruits, stunting growth; and 6) the banana weevil, whose grub larvae bore into banana plants and rhizomes,
The document provides information on various diseases that affect horticultural crops. It discusses 16 different diseases affecting mangoes, including anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which causes spots on leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. It also discusses powdery mildew caused by Oidium mangiferae, mango malformation caused by Fusarium moliliforme, stem end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis and red rust caused by Cephaleuros virescens. It provides details on symptoms, pathogens, disease cycles and management practices for diseases of mangoes.
A serious and important disease that affects banana and got huge loss in its yield and growth. Some factors that are responsible for its cause and measures to eliminate this disease are briefly discussed.
This document provides information on various pests that affect rice crops, including their names, descriptions of damage symptoms, and recommendations for management. It discusses pests such as rice thrips, rice grasshopper, rice gundhi bug, armyworm, rice caseworm, rice hispa, rice leaf folder, brown plant hopper, green plant hopper, white backed plant hopper, rice stem borer, and Asian gall midge. For each pest, it provides details on cultural, biological and chemical control methods that can be used for management.
CULTURAL METHOD IN NEMATODE CONTROL HariniP.pptxakshayaaaswanth
This document discusses cultural control methods for plant-parasitic nematodes. Some key methods mentioned include selecting healthy seed and plant material to avoid introducing nematodes, adjusting planting times to avoid peak nematode life cycles, deep summer plowing to increase soil temperatures and kill nematodes, fallowing fields to starve nematodes, using manures and composts to encourage beneficial nematodes and microbes, flooding fields to create anaerobic conditions lethal to nematodes, trap cropping with highly susceptible crops to attract nematodes away from the main crop, using antagonistic crops like marigold and mustard with chemicals nematodes avoid, removing and destroying infected plants to limit spread, and growing resistant varieties that limit nematode damage.
This document provides information about almond production in Afghanistan. It discusses the history and nutritional profile of almonds as well as their major growing countries. It then summarizes almond cultivation in Afghanistan, including common varieties, suitable climate, production of saplings, transplanting, irrigation methods, pest and disease management, and pruning practices.
Disease and Insect Pest of Ber and their ManagementRamkumarrai3
Ber (Zizyphus Spp.) is a most important fruit and more nutritive value for the purpose of dryland fruit production. Its require heavy pruning during April- May .
This document discusses major insect pests that affect solanaceous crops like potato and tomato, and their management. It identifies pests like fruit borer, leaf miners, whiteflies, aphids, and cutworms. It recommends integrated pest management strategies like growing resistant varieties, cultural controls like crop rotation, and biological controls using parasites and predators. It also provides details on effective chemical controls using targeted insecticides to manage specific pests. The conclusion emphasizes the use of integrated approaches and biopesticides to control solanaceous crop insects in a sustainable manner.
Similar to Azan -06 Mango Insect pests and diseases .pptx (20)
This document provides information about rice production in Pakistan. It discusses the botanical name of rice, its importance as a staple food and export crop, common varieties grown in Pakistan, and cultural practices for rice production including land preparation, sowing, fertilizer use, irrigation, and pest and disease management. The key stages of rice growth are also outlined. Rice is an important crop for Pakistan's agriculture, contributing to GDP and fulfilling dietary requirements.
1. Physiological disorders in radishes can be caused by environmental factors like nutrient deficiencies, temperature fluctuations, poor soil conditions, and improper moisture levels.
2. Key physiological disorders discussed include pore development which causes pores in the root reducing quality, elongated or forked roots from excess moisture or compact soil, and bolting from warmer temperatures or planting too late.
3. Other disorders include increased pungency from heat or water stress, and cracking from uneven watering, over-fertilizing, or leaving radishes in the ground too long. Proper watering, fertilizing, harvesting, and variety selection can help control many of these physiological disorders.
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This document summarizes several diseases that affect mangoes in Pakistan. It describes the causal organisms, symptoms, economic importance, and management strategies for anthracnose, powdery mildew, mango malformation, stem end rot, and sudden death disease. The key causal organisms identified are Colletotrichum gloeosporioides for anthracnose, Oidium mangifera for powdery mildew, Fusarium mangiferae for mango malformation, Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia natalensis for stem end rot, and L. theobromae for sudden death disease. Management involves sanitation, pruning diseased plant material, fungicide application, resistant
Bananas are believed to have originated over 10,000 years ago in Southeast Asia. They are now widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions between 30 degrees north and south of the equator. Bananas grow best in warm, humid conditions with fertile, well-draining soil between pH 6.5-7.5. They are propagated through rhizomes and suckers and require regular irrigation, fertilization, and pest management. Major banana producing countries include India, China, Indonesia, Ecuador, and the Philippines.
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Azan -06 Mango Insect pests and diseases .pptx
1. Presented by:- Muhammad Azan Asghar
Roll no:- AG-MC-20-06
Course no. :- HORT-302
Course Title:- Tropical and Sub-tropical
fruits
Presented to:- Prof. Dr. Sajjad Hussain
Department of Horticulture
BZU
3. Insect Pests of Mango
Nymphs and adults of Idioscopus species suck
sap from twigs, inflorescences, tender leaves
and fruits. Affected plant tissue turns brown,
may deform and dry up.
Mango Hopper
4. Sooty Mould formation on mango
leaves due to Mango Hopper
infestation : - A secondary symptom.
Damage symptoms due to Mango
Hopper
5. Control measures for Mango hoppers
Cultural control:
1. The pruning of dense orchards in the month of November – December, orchard
sanitation and field sanitation.
2. Keep the nursery area clean, free of weeds and grasses.
3. Removal of weeds and alternate host plants like hibiscus, custard apple, guava etc.
4. Avoid excess use of nitrogenous fertilizers.
5. Smoking of orchards by burning of crop residues/cow dung cake during evening hours.
Biological Control:
Application of bio-agents, Metarhizium
anisopliae @ 1x 108 cfu/ml or
Beauveria bassiana @ 108 cfu /ml on
tree trunk once during off season and
twice at 7 days interval during
flowering season.
6. Control measures for Mango hoppers.
Chemical Control:
Application of any of the following insecticides gives a good control, but spray should
be done only after insect pest population crosses its ETL. First spray should be given at
the early stage of panicle formation. The second spray at full-length stage of panicles
but before full bloom and the third spray after the fruits set at pea size stage.
• Buprofezin 25% SC @ 1.25ml/ l of water, 5 - 15 l per tree.
• Deltamethrin 2.8% EC @ 0.03 - 0.05% (0.33 to 0.5 ml / lit) As per field requirement.
• Dimethoate 30% EC @ 990 - 1320 ml in 600-800 l of water/acre.
• Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 3ml / l of water, 10 l/ tree.
8. Mango Mealybug
Nymphs and adults suck the plant sap and
reduce the vigour of the plant.
Mealybug attacks every part of the plant. 9
9. Mango Mealy bug: Nature of infestation
1) The female adult mealy bug crawls down the tree in the month of April-May and enter in
the cracks in the soil for laying eggs.
2) Just after hatching, the minute newly hatched pink to brown coloured nymphs crawl up
the tree.
3) After climbing up the tree, they start sucking the sap of tender plant parts.
4) Only nymphs and female mealy bugs are harmful as they suck plant sap. Male do not eat
anything.
5) They are considered more important because they infest the crop during the flowering
season.
Control measures for Mango mealybug.
Cultural control:
1. Flooding of orchard with water in the month of October kill the eggs.
2. Ploughing of orchard in November and raking of soil around tree trunk helps to expose the
eggs to natural enemies and sun.
3. Removal of weeds.
12
10. Mealybugs are known to bribe ants with their
sugary secretion (honeydew) and in return
ants help in spreading of mealybugs and
provide protection from predator ladybird
beetle, parasites and other natural enemies.
13
11. Mango Fruitfly
• The female punctures the outer wall of the mature
fruits with its pointed ovipositor and insert eggs
inside the mesocarp of mature fruits.
16
12. Control measures for Mango FruitFly.
Cultural control:
1. Prior to harvest (30-40 days ahead) collect and disposed off infested and fallen fruits
to prevent further multiplication and carry-over of population.
2. Ploughing of orchard during November-December to expose pupae to sun’s heat which
kills them.
3. If infestation is heavy, bait splash on the trunk only, once or twice at weekly interval is
recommended. To prepare bait splash, mix 100 gm of jaggery in one litre of water and
add 1- 2 ml of deltamethrin by using an old broom.
4. Managing fruit flies also reduces Mango anthracnose disease and prevents late fruit
fall.
Physical control:
Hot water treatment of fallen mature fruits at 48 ± 1 ºC for 4 - 5 min
Mechanical control:
1. Male annihilation technique: Set up fly trap using methyl eugenol. Prepare methyl
eugenol 1 ml/l of water + 1 ml of malathion solution.
2. Take 10 ml of this mixture per trap and keep them at 25 different places in one ha
between 6 and 8 am.
17
14. Chemical control : The adult fruit flies can also be controlled by bait sprays.
Bait spray can be prepared by combining any one of the insecticides as given
below and protein hydrolysate or molasses or jaggery @ 10 gm per liter of
waater.
1. fenthion 10 EC 1ml/l,
2. malathion 50EC 2 ml/l,
3. dimethoate 30 EC 1 ml/l,
4. carbaryl 50 WP 4 g/l.
Spray the mixture at 2 weeks interval before ripening of fruits.
Control measures for Mango Fruit Fly.
15. Mango Scale Insects
The nymphs and adult scales suck the sap of the leaves and other tender parts and reduce
the vigour of the plants.
Control: Pruning of the heavily infested plant parts and their immediate destruction followed
by two sprays of Monocrotophos (0.04%) or Dimethoate (0.06%) at an interval of 20 days is
very effective in controlling the scale population. 20
17. Mango seed/stone weevil
Close-up of an egg-laying mark of
mango seed weevil
Grub of mango seed weevil Adult mango seed weevil
Cultural control:
Collection and destruction of infested and fallen fruits at weekly interval till fruit harvest.
Chemical control :
Spraying Dimethoate (0.1%) twice at 15 days interval when fruits are of marble size.
Spray main trunk, primary branches and junction of branches prior to flowing (November, December) with
carbaryl (0.2%) or fenthion (0.1%) or chlopyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml/l to control beetles hiding in the bark.
18. Mango Leaf webber
Symptoms: Initially caterpillars feed on leaf surface gregariously by scrapping. Later they
make web on tender shoots and leaves together and feed within.
Management
Pruning of overcrowded and overlapping branches and mechanical removal of infested webs
by leaf web removing device and burning them.
Ploughing of orchard checks its population by destroying the hybernating pupae.
Two to three sprays commencing from last week of July with carbaryl (0.2%) or quinalphos
(0.05%).
The use of same chemical for every spray should be avoided.
19. Mango Shoot-borer
Larvae bore into young tender leaves during August and freshly hatched caterpillar bore
into mid rib.
Mango shootborer
31
20. Management of Mango Shoot Borer
1. Attacked shoots should be clipped off and destroyed.
2. Spray cabaryl or quinalphos (0.05%) at fortnightly interval from the commencement of new
flush.
Mango shoot borer
32
22. Nymphs and adults lacerate the tissues and suck the oozing cell sap. Thrips feeds on
leaves, florescence, and young fruits.
Management:
If the infestation is severe, can be controlled by either dimethoate (0.1.5%) or
Monocrotophos (0.1%). Spraying of Abamectin, Azadirachtin, Deltamethrin, Lambda-
cyhalothrin or Lufenuron in their recommended dose can control this pest. .
Mango Thrips
24. Symptoms: Tiny caterpillars mine under the dorsal epidemics of tender leaves and feed within;
as a result grayish white blisters appear on leaves.
Management
Clipped off destroy the affected shoots.
Spray quinalphos (0.05%) or fenthion (0.1%) from the emergence of new flush.
Mango Leaf miner
41
25. POWDERY MILDEW OF MANGO
MANGO POWDERY MILDEW IS CAUSED BY A FUNGUS, NAMED
OIDIUM MANGIFERAE.
IT ATTACKS PANICLE, FLOWERS AND LEAVES OF MANGO,
CAUSING A SUPERFICIAL WHITE POWDERY APPEARANCE ON
IT.
The disease is spread by wind and can spread very rapidly.
26. Powdery Mildew symptom on young mango
leaves
In severe infection, leaves become twisted,
brown, dry and fall.
POWDERY MILDEW SYMPTOMS ON MANGO
LEAVES
27. MANAGEMENT OF
DISEASE
Prune the mango tree branches to keep them short for easy
orchard management, entry of sun light and air flow within the
canopy – These reduces the disease incidence.
Proper spacing of plant should be maintained at the time of orchard
establishment. It should not be less than 6 m X 6 m.
Avoid excess application of nitrogen fertilizer to mango plants as it
welcomes fungal infestation.
Powdery mildew of Mango
28. FOR EFFECTIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT, FOUR SPRAYS OF
FUNGICIDES HAVE BEEN RECOMMENDED, BEGINNING FROM
FLOWER BUD INITIATION TILL COMPLETE FRUIT SET AT 7 – 14
DAYS INTERVAL. FUNGICIDE WITH SYSTEMIC NATURE SHOULD BE
ALTERED WITH CONTACT FUNGICIDE.
Chemical control of MANGO POWDERY MILDEW disease
29. ANTHRACNOSEIN
MANGO
It is a PRE – HARVEST and POST – HARVEST
disease of mango.
is caused by a fungus, named Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides.
It results different symptoms named as Leaf
Spots, Blossom Blight, Wither Tip, Twig Blight
and Fruit Rot symptoms on mango plant.
Favourable conditions for disease development
High humidity, frequent rains and a temperature of 24 - 320 C favours the
development of Mango Anthracnose disease.
In post harvest condition, it turns severe, if ripe mangoes are harvested in rain or
stored as wet condition.
30. ANTHRACNOSE IN M ANGO :
SYMPTOMS
Blossom blight
Small black or dark-
brown spots
appears on
inflorescence, which
later enlarge,
coalesce, and cause
flower drop.
THIS SYMPTOM IS
CALLED BLOSSOM
BLIGHT.
31. CONTROL OF MANGO
ANTHRACNOSE
Cultural practices
Sanitation of orchard: prune trees yearly and remove fallen plant-debris from
the ground.
Plant spacing: wider plant spacing will inhibit severe epidemics.
Intercropping: interpolating mango with other types of trees that are non – host
of Mango Anthracnose pathogen.
Biological control
Spray Pseudomonus fluorescence on mango plants, starting from October,
with a gap of 21 – 25 days.
32. Chemical control (before harvest)
When panicle / fruits / twigs are infested, then Spray one of the
following:
Difenoconazole @30 ml/100 litre water
Thiophenate methyl @200 gm/100 litre water
Chlorothalonil + Metalaxyl @250 gm/100 litre water
Fostyl aluminium @500 gm/100 litre of water
Azoxystrobin 23% SC @100 ml /100 l of water, depending on the size of
the tree canopy.
Copper oxy chloride @4 gm / L of water as a preventive measure.
CONTROL OF MANGO ANTHRACNOSE
33. MANGO
MALFORMATION . Fusarium mangiferae, a fungi
The disease can cause abnormal flower, leaf and shoot growth.
Mango Malformation disease can affect mango trees of all ages, though
nursery plants are most susceptible.
There are two types of malformation symptoms namely :
1) Vegetative Malformation & 2) Floral Malformation.
35. CONTROL MEASURES AGAINST MANGO
MALFORMATION
Use of disease free planting material. Infected rootstock at nursery should be destroyed.
Incidence can be reduced by spraying 100 -200 ppm NAA (Planofix) during October, followed by
the spraying of Carbendazim (0.1%) and Thiophanate Methyl (0.1 %).
Spraying of 1000 ppm Paclobutrazol (10-60 gm/tree), during the first week of October reduced
malformation, increased number of healthy flowers and increased the yield.
Pruning of diseased parts in the month of October, followed by the spraying of Carbendazim
(0.1%) helps to reduce disease infestation. This is followed by the spraying of Captafol (0.2%).
Spraying of trace element solution of zinc, boron, and copper before bloom and after fruit
harvesting provides effective to control or minimise the incidence of malformation
36. MANGO DIEBACK
c.o. Lasiodiplodia theobromae / Botryodiplodia
theobromae (fungi)
Mango die back is one of the serious fungal diseases of mango. The disease on the tree may
be noticed at any time of the year but it is most conspicuous during October - November.
The term 'Die back' implies death of a plant from top down wards.
38. Scion wood selected for propagation through grafting should be free from infection.
Pruning of the diseased twigs 2-3 inches below the affected portion and spraying Copper Oxychloride
(0.3%) on infected trees controls the disease. In small plants, the cut ends of the pruned twigs are pasted
with Copper Oxychloride paste (0.3%).
In nursery, any infected portion should immediately be pruned, followed by spraying/ pasting of copper
oxychloride (0.3 %) or pasting with cow dung at the cut ends.
CONTROL OF MANGO DIE
BACK DISEASE
39. BACTERIAL CANKER OF
MANGO c.o. Xanthomonas campestris pv.
It is a serious disease of Mango in India. The disease causes fruit drop (10-70%), yield loss (10-
85%) and storage rot (5 - 100%).
The disease symptoms first appear as minute water soaked irregular lesions on any part of leaf
/ leaf lamina, which later turns into irregular necrotic cankerous patches.
Cankerous lesions also appear on petioles, twigs and young fruits.
41. Management of Bacterial Canker disease:
Use of clean planting and grafting material and Use of certified
seedlings is recommended.
Mango stones for raising seedlings (root stock) should always be
taken from healthy fruits.
Two sprays of streptocycline – tetracycline mixture (90: 10) @
200-300 ppm at 20 -25 days interval reduce fruit infection. Dipping
the fruits in 200 ppm solution of plantamyxin is also effective.
Application of Bronopol bactericide @ 1.5 g / L of water / Copper
oxy – chloride @ 5 gm / L of water over the infected plant arrests
the spreading of disease.
Mango verities like Bombay green, fazali, Jehangir and
suvarnarekha are resistant.
BACTERIAL CANKER OF
M ANGO
42. STEM END ROT OF
M ANGO
c.o. fungal complex consists of
Botryodiploidia
theobromae,
Lasiodiplodia
theobromae,
Dothiorella
dominicana and
Phomopsis
mangiferae
This is a post – harvest disease of Mango.
The fruit while ripening suddenly becomes brown to black typically at stem end as the
disease symptoms appears first on pedicel part of the fruit.
The rotting is so fast that the entire fruit rots within 2-3 days.
The disease is observed on ripe fruits only.
Different symptoms of stem end rot on mango
43. STEM END ROT OF
M ANGO
Factors favourable for disease development:
1.Relative humidity above 80%, max. & min.
temperature around 310 C & 260 C encourage the
disease development, respectively.
2. Rains favour the disease development.
3. Nutritionally deficient plants are heavily affected.
Disease management
Fruit should not come in contact with the soil or fallen leaves and twigs during
harvesting.
Fruits should be harvested with 5 - 10 mm stalk.
Pre-harvest sprays of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl (0.1 %) or copper
oxychloride (0.3%), 15 days before harvesting reduces the incidence of stem end
rot.
Post-harvest dip of fruit in hot water containing Carbendazim or Thiophanate
methyl (0.05%) for 15 m at 52 ± 1°C controls the disease effectively.
44. SCAB OF MANGO c.o. Elsinoe mangiferae and Sphaceloma mangiferae, Fungus.
Boththeleavesandfruitsareaffected.
Theleavesbecomecrinkled,deformedandultimatelydefoliationoccurs.
Greyorbrownishspotsdeveloponyoungfruits. Astheymature,spotsenlargeandskin
becomecorkyleadingto spoilageof fruitsandreductionof themarketvalue.
APPLICATIONOFCOPPERFUNGICIDESIS EFFECTIVETOCONTROLTHISDISEASE.
Symptoms on leaf Symptoms on Fruits
45. GUMMOSIS OF
MANGO
Gummosis disease of mango is of great economic importance since
the affected trees die within a very short time
c. o. Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a fungi
Initial symptoms of gummosis Heavy gummosis on a branch
46. GUMMOSIS OF
MANGO
Different S ymptoms Of Mango Gummosis
Browning of Vascular Tissues
Bark splitting and gum oozing out
47. Plants growing under water stress conditions show more severe
symptoms compared to regularly watered plants
Pruning of diseased twigs 2 -3 inches below the affected
portion and paste cut portions with copper oxy chloride ( 0.3%) /
bordeaux paste.
The diseased bark portion should be removed, cleaned and
treated with copper based fungicide paste. `
GUMMOSIS OF
MANGO
Disease management