This document provides information on various pests that affect rice crops, including their names, descriptions of damage symptoms, and recommendations for management. It discusses pests such as rice thrips, rice grasshopper, rice gundhi bug, armyworm, rice caseworm, rice hispa, rice leaf folder, brown plant hopper, green plant hopper, white backed plant hopper, rice stem borer, and Asian gall midge. For each pest, it provides details on cultural, biological and chemical control methods that can be used for management.

3. Rice thrips:
Paddy thrips: Stenchaetothrips biformis
(Thripidae: Thysanoptera)
Local name: Thrips nusi
Damage symptoms
Leaves look like burnt appearance
Damaged leaves Damaged field

4. Management:
Cultural practice:
Flooding to submerge the infested field
for 2 days as a cultural control practice is very effective
against the rice thrips.
Biological control:
Coccinellid beetles, anthocorid bugs,
and staphylinid beetles are biological control agents that
feed on both the larvae and adults.
Chemical control:
Application of phorate 10 G @ 75g or
carbofuron 3 G @ 1.25kg / seed bed (300 sq mt area)
followed by light irrigation.
Spray monocrotophos 36 SL 1.3ml/l

5. Rice grass hopper
Rice grass hopper: Oxya hyla intricata
(Orthoptera :Acrididae)
Local name: Midate
Damage symptoms:
 Both nymph and adult feed on leaves.
 Nibble at the florets into base of inflorescence stalks
causing formation of white ears.

6. Management:
Cultural practices:
 Cleaning of bunds to destroy egg pods and
nymphs.
 Deep ploughing is recommended in winter season
to expose the egg mass.
Chemical controls:
 Spray chloropyriphos 20EC 2ml/l for about
130-135liters of chemical solution required for one
acre.
 Dusting of 50% malathion or 1.5% quinolphos or
1% endosalfon on bunds

7. Rice Gundhi bug
Rice Gundhi Bug: Leptocorisa acuta
(Hemiptera : Coreidae)
Local name: Gandhi Tigane
Damage symptoms
 The nymphs and adults suck the milk from the developing
grains and stem in the early stage of grain formation.
 Discolouration of panicles as well as the presence of some
empty or ill filled grains in the panicles.
 Infested paddy straw contains foul smell.

8. Adult gundhi bug
Chaffy seeds

9. Management:
Preventive measures
 Remove weeds from fields and surrounding areas
Biological control
 Small wasps parasitize the eggs and the meadow
grasshoppers prey on them.
 Both the adults and nymphs are preys to spiders,
coccinellid beetles and dragonflies
 A fungus infects both nymphs and adults.

10. Chemical control
 Look for rice bugs at pre flowering stage and continue
daily until the hard dough stage during early morning
or late afternoon hours.
 malathion dust 5% @ 8kg/acre or malathion 50EC @
2ml/l (350ml/acre) and take up spraying on panicle.
 270 liter of spraying chemical is required per acre.

11. Army worm
Armyworm/Climbing cutworm: Mythimna separata
(Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)
Kannada name: Tene kattarisuva hulu
Damage symptoms:
 Early instar larvae skeletonise the leaves whereas
later instar larvae are voracious feeders on leaves
during night.

12. Cut worm Panicles are cut off from the base
Fed upon leaf blades

13. Management:
Preventive measures:
 Remove weeds from fields and surrounding areas
Cultural practices:
 Flooding seed bed is the best defence
 Digging pits or trenches, covered with leaves gives
caterpillar a place to take shelter from the sunlight
 Ash filled trenches around the field serve as barriers
 Placing branches around the field gives a place for
armyworm to congregate where than can be easily collected
by hand.
Chemical control:
 1ml of methyl parathion 50EC or 0.5ml fenitrothion 100EC
or 0.9ml diazinon 60EC or 1.3ml monocrotophos 36SL or
2ml chloropyriphos 20 EC or 1.5ml fenthoate 50EC or 2ml
phasalone 35EC or 2ml endosalfon 35EC or 2ml quinolphos
25EC during evening

14. Rice case worm
Rice Caseworm: Paraponyx stagnalis
(Lepidoptera : Pyralidae)
Local name: Kolave Hulu, Goodu maru Hulu
Damage symptoms:
 The larva feeds on the foliage by scrapping chlorophyll
leaving horizontal rows of green material.
 The leaf tips are sharply cut off and the cut portions
are turned into cylindrical tubes, is either attached to
the plant or seen floating on the water surface

15. Adult caseworm
Fig:Damage symptoms of Case worm

16. Management
Cultural practices:
 Drain water from the field.
 Keep kerosene soaked gunny bags in the field water and
dislodge the leaf cases by passing rope or branches of
thorny plant.
 The use of correct fertilizer application, wider spacing (30
× 20 mm), and early planting.
Biological Control:
 Spiders, dragonflies, and birds eat the adults.
 There is a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, which is a potential
control agent against the rice caseworm.
Chemical control:
 10-12 DAS 1ml of methyl parathion 50EC or 1.3ml
monocrotophos 36SL or 2ml chloropyriphos 20 EC in 1
liter of water for spraying crop.
 Transplanted field require 225-230liter/acre spraying
chemical or carbofuron 3% 7.6kg/acre granules can be
used.

17. Rice hispa
Rice hispa: Dicladispa armig-era
(Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)
Kannada name : Mullu chippina dumbhi
Damage symptoms:
 Grubs make tunneling through leaf tissue causing
irregular translucent white patches that -are parallel
to the leaf veins.
 Damaged areas have white streaks that are parallel to
the midrib

18. Fig: Hispa affected field

19. Management:
Preventive measures :
 Clipping the tips of leaves at the time of transplanting
Biological control:
 Small wasps that attack the eggs and larvae.
 Reduviid bug eats upon the adults.
 Fungal pathogens that attack the adults.
Chemical control :
 ETL : 2adults or 2 damaged leaves/hill
 10-12 DAS 1ml of methyl parathion 50EC or 0.5ml
fenitrothion 100EC or 0.9ml diazinon 60EC or 1.3ml
monocrotophos 36SL or 2ml chloropyriphos 20 EC in 1 liter
of water for spraying crop.
 Transplanted field require 225-230liter/acre spraying
chemical or carbofuron 3% @7.6kg/acre granules can be
used.

20. Rice leaf folder
Rice Leaf Folder: Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Kannada name : Yele Suruli Hulu, Yele Madachuva
Hulu, Gari Suttuva Hulu
Damage symptoms
 Longitudinal white and transparent streaks on leaf
blades are created which later giving scorched
appearance.
 Folded leaf with larva inside along with excreta
 Sickly appearance of the filed

21. caterpillar Adult leaf folder

23. Management
Biological control :
 Five to six releases of the egg parasitoid
Trichogramma chilonis @1,00,000 adult parasites
per hectare starting from 15 days after planting, in a
crop season is effective and economical.
 Entomopahogenic bacteria such as Bacillus thuringiensis
Berliner and a granulosis virus cause mortality of rice
leaf folder larvae.
Chemical control :
 ETL: 1 larva per tiller
 10-12 DAS 1ml of methyl parathion 50EC or 0.5ml
fenitrothion 100EC or 0.9ml diazinon 60EC or 1.3ml
monocrotophos 36SL or 2ml chloropyriphos 20 EC in 1
liter of water for spraying on crop.
 Transplanted field require 225-230liter/ha spraying
chemical or carbofuron 3% @7.5kg/acre granules can be
used.

24. Brown plant hopper (BPH)
Brown plant hopper (BPH): Nilaparvata lugens .
(Hemiptera : Delphacidae )
Local name: Kandu jigi hulu
Vernacular name: Bili Dhomi, Solle
Damage symptoms:
 Leaves turn to yellow and later brownish.
 "Hopper burn".
 Presence of honeydew and sooty molds at the basal parts
 More severe during panicle initiation stage.
ETL: 5-10 adult BPH tillering to ear emergence in the field

25. Adult brown plant hopper
Infected field

26. Grassy stunt virus disease by BPH

27. Management:
Cultural practices:
 Avoid use of excess nitrogen.
 Monitoring of BPH at base of the plant 30 days after
transplanting at weekly interval
 Resistant varieties IET-7575 and IET-8116
 Alternate wetting and drying the field during peak
infestation.
 Apply recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer.
Biological control:
 Wolf Spider Pardosa psuedoannulata and Lynx spider
Oxyopes javanus prey on leaf-and plant hoppers
 Mirid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter prey on eggs
and small nymphs of GLH,BPH and WBPH

28. Chemical control:
 Spray monocrtophos 35 EC @ 2ml/l (624ml/acre) at
nursery stage.
 Application of granular phorate 10G@ 4kg/acre or
carbofuran 3G@ 10kg/acre insecticides in presence of thin
film of water or
 Spray imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.5ml (125ml/acre) or
thiomethaxm 25WG @ 0.5g (125kg/acre) or phaslone 35
EC @ 2ml/l (800ml/acre) water or quinolphos 5G @
12kg/acre

29. Green plant hopper
Green Leaf Hopper : Nephotettix nigropictus and
Nephotettix virescens
(Hemiptera : Cicadellidae )
Local name: Hasiru Jigi Hulu
Damage symptoms:
 Stunted growth and reduced tillering.
 On tillers appearance of white patches at higher population
level.
 Transmits virus diseases: tungro, yellow dwarf, yellow-
orange leaf, and transitory yellowing.

30. Adult green plant hopper

31. Management:
Cultural practices
 Avoid use of excess nitrogen.
 Monitoring of GLH at base of the plant 30 days after transplanting at
weekly interval
 Alternate wetting and drying the field during peak infestation.
 Apply recommended dose of nitrogenous fertilizers
Biological control:
 Mirid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter prey on eggs and small
nymphs of GLH
Chemical control:
 Spray monocrtophos 35 EC @ 2ml/l (624ml/acre) at nursery stage.
 Application of granular phorate 10G@ 4kg/acre or carbofuran 3G@ 10kg/
acre .
 Spray imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.5ml (125ml/acre) or thiomethaxm 25WG
@ 0.5g (125kg/acre) or phaslone 35 EC @ 2ml/l (800ml/acre) water

32. White backed plant hopper
White Backed Plant Hopper : Sogatella furcifera
(Hemiptera : Delphacidae)
Local name:Bili Bennina Jigi Hulu
Vernacular name: Bili dhomi, Solle
Damage symptoms:
 Leaves turn yellow and later brownish.
 "Hopper burn".
 Sooty mould development due to honeydew secretion by
hoppers.

33. Nymphs and adults sucking the sap

34. Management:
Cultural practices:
 Avoid use of excess nitrogen.
 Monitoring of WBPH at base of the plant 30 days after
transplanting at weekly interval
 Alternate wetting and drying the field during peak
infestation.
 Apply recommended dose of nitrogenous fertilizers
Biological control:
 Mirid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter prey on eggs and
small nymphs of WBPH
 Spider (Paradosa, Tetragnatha, Argiope, Araenus,
Oxypes)feed on leaf-and plant hoppers
 Damsel flies, Dragon flies prey on hoppers and moths

35. Chemical control:
 Spray monocrtophos 35 EC @ 2ml/l (624ml/acre) at
nursery stage.
 Application of granular phorate 10G@ 4kg/acre or
carbofuran 3G@ 10kg/acre insecticides in presence of
thin film of
water.
 Spray imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.5ml (125ml/acre) or
thiomethaxm 25WG @ 0.5g (125kg/acre)

36. Rice Stem Borer
Rice Stem Borer :Scirpophaga incertulas
(Pyralidae : Lepidoptera)
Damage symptoms:
 Caterpillars bore central shoot of seedlings and tillers
leading to death of central shoot called "Dead Heart".
 Panicle turn whitish, erect with chaffy spikelets and
can be easily pulled out, is known as "white ears"

37. Adult stemborer
Stemborer infected plant

38. Stemborer larva
White ears Dead heart

39. Management:
Cultural practices:
 Clipping of seedling before transplanting for prevention
egg laying
 Harvesting done at the base of plant in order to avoid
pupae remain in the field.
Biological control:
 Five to six releases of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma
japonicum @1,00,000 adult parasites per hectare starting
from 15 days after planting, in a crop season is effective
and economical.
Chemical control:
 ETL:5-10% dead heart, 5% chaffy earhead per square
meter 1 adult/egg mass
 Spray endosulfan or monocrtophos or chloropyriphos 2ml /
liter (624ml/acre) in water.
 Before sowing apply 10kg/acre of 0.3 G fipronil or
carbofuron 3G @ 7.6kg/acre in soil and then go for
irrigation.

40. Asian Gall Midge
Asian Gall Midge :Orseolla oryzae
( Diptera : Cecidomyiidae )
Damage symptoms:
 Damaged tillers turns into tubular galls which dry off
without bearing panicles.
 Main external symptom is SILVER SHOOT or GALL
which resembles onion leaf.
 Attack to rice seedlings leads to profuse tillering and
these new tillers often become infested

41. Adult gallmidge Infected plant
Larva

42. Management:
Cultural practices:
 Adopt early planting adjust planting time so that tillering
is completed before 15th August.
 Grow resistant varieties like ‘Pothana’, ‘Divya’, ‘Kavya’,
‘Yerramallelu’,‘Kesava’, ‘Oragallu’, ‘Badrakali’, ‘Siva’,
‘Rudrama’, ‘Varsha’, ‘Surekha’,‘palguna’.
 Several workers observed that cultivars with high levels of
resistance to gall midge received no benefit from
insecticidal treatment.
 Avoid dense planting which increases population.
 Removing weeds like Echinochloa colonum, Leersia
hexandra, Cynodon dactylon and Panicum miliaceum etc.,
which are alternative hosts to maintain field sanitation.
 Avoid excess irrigation.
Biological Control:
 Platigaster spp is more active in months of October-
November and suppresses the gall midge by parasitization.

43. Chemical control :
 Dusts and spray formulations are not very effective
against gall midge.
 So granular application of insecticides is preferred.
 Seedling root dip in Chlorpyriphos also helps in
preventing early infection.
Nursery:
 Apply Carbofuran or Phorate @ 1kg to 1.25 kg a.i./ha or
spray Monocrotophos @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha or Carbaryl 0.75 kg
a.i./ha. In endemic areas adopt seedling dip with
Chlorpyriphos.

44. Whorl Maggot
Whorl Maggot :Hydrellia spp
(Diptera: Ephydridae)
Damage symptoms:
 The maggots attack the leaf blades even before
uncurling and the initial damage is characterized by
the presence of narrow stripes of whitish area in the
blade margins.
 Heavy infestation causes a marked stunting of the
plant and reduction of tillers.

45. Adult whorl maggot Maggot
Infected plant

46. Management:
Chemical control:
 Apply Phorate 10 G @ 10 kg / ha or Carbofuran 3 G @ 25
kg / ha or spray Fenitrothion 50 EC at 0.1 % (2 ml/lit).
 Apply Carbofuran granules @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha or Fipronil
granules @ 75 g a.i./ha.

47. Rice horned
caterpillar
Rice horned caterpillar: Melanitis ismene
Damage symptoms:
 Larva feeds on leaf blades of rice.
 Leaves are defoliated from the margin or tip
irregularly.

48. Adult
Caterpillar

49. Management
 Spray endosulfan 35 EC 1000 ml / ha or monocrotophos 36
WSC 500 ml / ha

50. larva Adult

51. Management
 Kerosenate the water while irrigation – suffocation
 Allow ducks into the field
Nursery
 Drain the water
 Spray chlorpyriphos 20 EC 80ml or endosulfan 35 EC 80ml + 20
lit of water for 8 cents

52. Caterpillar Adult

53. Management
 Spray endosulfan 35 EC 1000 ml / ha or
monocrotophos 36 WSC 500 ml / ha

54. Mealy bug

55. Management
Cultural practice:
 Durin field preparation - remove the grasses from the bunds
and trim the bunds
 Remove and destroy the affected plants.
Biological control:
o Conserve the natural enemies like Scymnus sp.,Anatrichus
pygmaeus, and Mepachymerus ensifer
Chemical control:
 Spray any one of the following insecticides in the initial stage
of infestation
dimethoate 30 EC 500 ml/ha
methyl demeton 25 EC@ 500 ml/ha.