This document summarizes a study on minimizing surface defects in bars and wire rods that originate from continuous cast billets. It describes a methodology developed to determine the origin of defects, which includes metallographic studies using etchants on samples from rolled products and billets. Common defects like pin holes and transverse cracks are analyzed, showing their appearance in billets and during rolling. Causes of pin holes are identified as internal oxidation from casting powder decomposition, and causes of transverse cracks include tensile stresses during casting or strengthening that lead to cracks, especially in corners. Solutions recommended involve optimizing casting powder distribution and secondary cooling to avoid temperature ranges that cause cracking.