This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new digital system called Auto Depannage for fault recovery in digital circuits. The system adopts concepts from endocrine cellular communication biology. It has two layers - a functional layer with working and spare cells, and a gene control layer that directs fault recovery. When a fault is detected, the gene control layer isolates the faulty cell and replaces it with a spare cell while maintaining the system function. Simulation results show the system can recover from different fault types like transient and permanent faults. An analysis found it has better fault coverage and lower overhead than existing approaches like TMR and MUX TREE systems. Future work could address faults in the additional hardware used for fault recovery.
A Neural Network Based Diagnostic System for Classification of Industrial Car...CSCJournals
Even with many years of research efforts, the occupational exposure limits of different risk factors for development of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have not yet been established. One of the main problems in setting such guidelines is the limited understanding of how different risk factors of MSDs interact in causing the injury, as the nature and mechanism of these disorders are relatively unknown phenomena. The task of an industrial ergonomist is complicated because the potential risk factors that may contribute to the onset of the MSDs interact in a complex way, and require an analyst to apply elaborate data measurement and collection techniques for a realistic job analysis. This makes it difficult to discriminate well between the jobs that place workers at high or low risk of above disorders. The main objective of this study was to to develop an artificial neural network based diagnostic system which can classify industrial jobs according to the potential risk for physiological stressors due to workplace design. Such a system could be useful in hazard analysis and injury prevention due to manual handling of loads in industrial environments. The results showed that the developed diagnostic system can successfully classify jobs into low and high risk categories of above musculoskeletal disorders based on carrying task characteristics. The Neural network based system developed gave the correct classification of the analysed industrial jobs with low and high risk. So, the system can be used as an expert system which, when properly trained, will classify carrying load by male and female workers into two categories of low risk and high risk work, based on the available characteristics factors.
In this Paper, surveys, application, and comparison of three types of artificial
intelligence in machinery fault diagnosis: Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, and
Artificial Immune Recognition System have been introduced.
Selecting the correct features is the most important thing in training and diagnosis
field and it is the core issue of this field, in this thesis, a trial is made to improve the
accuracies of the three proposed methods by trying to select the proper features from time
domain. The training is done by using the data collected from two-channel, horizontal
and vertical in three cases first, both time and frequency domains are used as features
input to the three proposed methods, secondly, using frequency domain only or thirdly,
using part of the time domain features with frequency domain features; for two speed. All
the three methods show excellent accuracy when training and diagnosis at same specific
speed especially SVM, while the accuracy is low when diagnosis at a speed that differs
from training speed. Also all the three methods give excellent diagnosis results when the
applied load at the same speed of training speed.
SENSOR FAULT IDENTIFICATION IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS | J4RV3I12007Journal For Research
In the process control industries, one of the main works is to identify and channelize the fault sensor. The process of sensor troubleshooting is essential to increase the production flow without any interruption. In this project the level measurement in the conical tank is considered and the capacitive sensor is used to measure the level of the water inside the conical tank. First the standard sensor is placed inside and the level is measured and monitored and the history of data’s are obtained. Using LABVIEW, programming is done for the standard sensor to measure the level. Now the measuring sensor is placed and the measurement of the level is done. Using any of the soft computing techniques, the fault can be identified and it is indicated in the display or alarm.
A new design for fault tolerant and fault recoverable ALU System has been proposed in this paper. Reliability is one of the most critical factors that have to be considered during the designing phase of any IC. In critical applications like Medical equipment & Military applications this reliability factor plays a
very critical role in determining the acceptance of product. Insertion of special modules in the main design for reliability enhancement will give considerable amount of area & power penalty. So, a novel approach to this problem is to find ways for reusing the already available components in digital system in efficient way to implement recoverable methodologies. Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) has traditionally used
for protecting digital logic from the SEUs (single event upset) by triplicating the critical components of the system to give fault tolerance to system. ScTMR- Scan chain-based error recovery TMR technique provides recovery for all internal faults. ScTMR uses a roll-forward approach and employs the scan chain implemented in the circuits for testability purposes to recover the system to fault-free state. The proposed
design will incorporate a ScTMR controller over TMR system of ALU and will make the system fault tolerant and fault recoverable. Hence, proposed design will be more efficient & reliable to use in critical applications, than any other design present till today.
A Neural Network Based Diagnostic System for Classification of Industrial Car...CSCJournals
Even with many years of research efforts, the occupational exposure limits of different risk factors for development of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have not yet been established. One of the main problems in setting such guidelines is the limited understanding of how different risk factors of MSDs interact in causing the injury, as the nature and mechanism of these disorders are relatively unknown phenomena. The task of an industrial ergonomist is complicated because the potential risk factors that may contribute to the onset of the MSDs interact in a complex way, and require an analyst to apply elaborate data measurement and collection techniques for a realistic job analysis. This makes it difficult to discriminate well between the jobs that place workers at high or low risk of above disorders. The main objective of this study was to to develop an artificial neural network based diagnostic system which can classify industrial jobs according to the potential risk for physiological stressors due to workplace design. Such a system could be useful in hazard analysis and injury prevention due to manual handling of loads in industrial environments. The results showed that the developed diagnostic system can successfully classify jobs into low and high risk categories of above musculoskeletal disorders based on carrying task characteristics. The Neural network based system developed gave the correct classification of the analysed industrial jobs with low and high risk. So, the system can be used as an expert system which, when properly trained, will classify carrying load by male and female workers into two categories of low risk and high risk work, based on the available characteristics factors.
In this Paper, surveys, application, and comparison of three types of artificial
intelligence in machinery fault diagnosis: Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, and
Artificial Immune Recognition System have been introduced.
Selecting the correct features is the most important thing in training and diagnosis
field and it is the core issue of this field, in this thesis, a trial is made to improve the
accuracies of the three proposed methods by trying to select the proper features from time
domain. The training is done by using the data collected from two-channel, horizontal
and vertical in three cases first, both time and frequency domains are used as features
input to the three proposed methods, secondly, using frequency domain only or thirdly,
using part of the time domain features with frequency domain features; for two speed. All
the three methods show excellent accuracy when training and diagnosis at same specific
speed especially SVM, while the accuracy is low when diagnosis at a speed that differs
from training speed. Also all the three methods give excellent diagnosis results when the
applied load at the same speed of training speed.
SENSOR FAULT IDENTIFICATION IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS | J4RV3I12007Journal For Research
In the process control industries, one of the main works is to identify and channelize the fault sensor. The process of sensor troubleshooting is essential to increase the production flow without any interruption. In this project the level measurement in the conical tank is considered and the capacitive sensor is used to measure the level of the water inside the conical tank. First the standard sensor is placed inside and the level is measured and monitored and the history of data’s are obtained. Using LABVIEW, programming is done for the standard sensor to measure the level. Now the measuring sensor is placed and the measurement of the level is done. Using any of the soft computing techniques, the fault can be identified and it is indicated in the display or alarm.
A new design for fault tolerant and fault recoverable ALU System has been proposed in this paper. Reliability is one of the most critical factors that have to be considered during the designing phase of any IC. In critical applications like Medical equipment & Military applications this reliability factor plays a
very critical role in determining the acceptance of product. Insertion of special modules in the main design for reliability enhancement will give considerable amount of area & power penalty. So, a novel approach to this problem is to find ways for reusing the already available components in digital system in efficient way to implement recoverable methodologies. Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) has traditionally used
for protecting digital logic from the SEUs (single event upset) by triplicating the critical components of the system to give fault tolerance to system. ScTMR- Scan chain-based error recovery TMR technique provides recovery for all internal faults. ScTMR uses a roll-forward approach and employs the scan chain implemented in the circuits for testability purposes to recover the system to fault-free state. The proposed
design will incorporate a ScTMR controller over TMR system of ALU and will make the system fault tolerant and fault recoverable. Hence, proposed design will be more efficient & reliable to use in critical applications, than any other design present till today.
AUTOMATIC FAULT TOLERANCE USING SELF ADAPTIVE SYSTEMMichael George
Fault tolerance (F-T) was an important issue in electronic device. However, such system was still impractical in many cases, particularly due to the complex rerouting process that follows cell replacement. In this project, proposed a dynamic reconfiguration capabilities system, therefore, a faulty module could be replaced and the whole system’s functions and connections were maintained by simply assigning the same encoded data to a spare (stem) module. The proposed system reroutes data flow. To detect permanent errors at runtime, a novel in-line test (ILT) method using spare wires and a test pattern generator wass proposed. In addition, an improved syndrome storing-based detection (SSD) method was presented. In the presence of permanent errors, the probability of correct transmission in the proposed systems was improved by up to 140% over the standalone hamming code. Furthermore, this method achieves up to 38% area, 64% energy, and 61% latency improvements.
Proposed Algorithm for Surveillance ApplicationsEditor IJCATR
Technological systems are vulnerable to faults. In many fault situations, the system operation has to be stopped to avoid
damage to machinery and humans. As a consequence, the detection and the handling of faults play an increasing role in modern
technology, where many highly automated components interact in a complex way such that a fault in a single component may cause
the malfunction of the whole system. This work introduces the main ideas of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control under the optics
of various research work done in this area. It presents the Arduino technology in both hardware and software sides. The purpose of this
paper is to propose a diagnostic algorithm based on this technology. A case study is proposed for this setting. Moreover, we explained
and discussed the result of our algorithm.
Sensors and Actuators Integration in Embedded SystemsIDES Editor
Sensors and actuators are critical components of
several embedded systems (ES) and can trigger the incidence
of catastrophic events [1-3]. Sensor and actuator faults detection
is difficult [2, 3] and impacts critically the system performance.
While integrating sensors and actuators with the rest of (sub)
system, there is a need to identify all failure modes and rectify
them. Several researchers have addressed software integration
issues [6, 7]; however sensors and actuators integration issues
were not addressed so far. This paper focuses on the problem
of integration testing of sensors and actuators in ES.
A fault model, applicable to both sensors and
actuators is proposed based on embedded system model in [12]
and some of the observed faults are described. They are similar
to the control flow and data flow faults [10]. The integration
testing of sensor / actuator within ES is the problem of
diagnosing faulty machine in a sequence of two CFSM [11].
For solving the diagnostic methodology [13] is used. The
integration testing of sensors / actuators is a subset of general
diagnostic problem. The sensor/actuator integration method
is described with an example and shows that solution exists for
the case of integration. Manifestation of faults in real interfaces
is described from integration point of view.
Recently, research has picked up a fervent pace in the area of fault diagnosis of electrical vehicle. Like failures of a position sensor, a voltage sensor, and current sensors. Three-phase induction motors are the “workhorses” of industry and are the most widely used electrical machines. This paper presents a scheme for Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI). The proposed approach is a sensor-based technique using the mains current measurement. Current sensors are widespread in power converters control and in electrical drives. Thus, to ensure continuous operation with reconfiguration control, a fast sensor fault detection and isolation is required. In this paper, a new and fast faulty current sensor detection and isolation is presented. It is derived from intelligent techniques. The main interest of field programmable gate array is the extremely fast computation capabilities. That allows a fast residual generation when a sensor fault occurs. Using of Xilinx System Generator in Matlab / Simulink allows the real-time simulation and implemented on a field programmable gate array chip without any VHSIC Hardware Description Language coding. The sensor fault detection and isolation algorithm was implemented targeting a Virtex5. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the efficiency of this FDI approach.
Black Box Model based Self Healing Solution for Stuck at Faults in Digital Ci...IJECEIAES
The paper proposes a design strategy to retain the true nature of the output in the event of occurrence of stuck at faults at the interconnect levels of digital circuits. The procedure endeavours to design a combinational architecture which includes attributes to identify stuck at faults present in the intermediate lines and involves a healing mechanism to redress the same. The simulated fault injection procedure introduces both single as well as multiple stuck-at faults at the interconnect levels of a two level combinational circuit in accordance with the directives of a control signal. The inherent heal facility attached to the formulation enables to reach out the fault free output even in the presence of faults. The Modelsim based simulation results obtained for the Circuit Under Test [CUT] implemented using a Read Only Memory [ROM], proclaim the ability of the system to survive itself from the influence of faults. The comparison made with the traditional Triple Modular Redundancy [TMR] exhibits the superiority of the scheme in terms of fault coverage and area overhead.
Optimized sensor selection for control and fault tolerance of electromagnetic...ISA Interchange
This paper presents a systematic design framework for selecting the sensors in an optimized manner, simultaneously satisfying a set of given complex system control requirements, i.e. optimum and robust performance as well as fault tolerant control for high integrity systems. It is worth noting that optimum sensor selection in control system design is often a non-trivial task. Among all candidate sensor sets, the algorithm explores and separately optimizes system performance with all the feasible sensor sets in order to identify fallback options under single or multiple sensor faults. The proposed approach combines modern robust control design, fault tolerant control, multi-objective optimization and Monte Carlo techniques. Without loss of generality, it's efficacy is tested on an electromagnetic suspension system via appropriate realistic simulations.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION FOR IRIS RECOGNITION ijcsit
Iris is a powerful tool for reliable human identification. It has the potential to identify individuals with a
high degree of assurance. Extracting good features is the most significant step in the iris recognition
system. In the past, different features have been used to implement iris recognition system. Most of them are
depend on hand-crafted features designed by biometrics specialists. Due to the success of deep learning in
computer vision problems, the features learned by the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have gained
much attention to be applied for iris recognition system. In this paper, we evaluate the extracted learned
features from a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (Alex-Net Model) followed by a multi-class
Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to perform classification. The performance of the proposed
system is investigated when extracting features from the segmented iris image and from the normalized iris
image. The proposed iris recognition system is tested on four public datasets IITD, iris databases CASIAIris-V1,
CASIA-Iris-thousand and, CASIA-Iris- V3 Interval. The system achieved excellent results with the
very high accuracy rate.
Iris is a powerful tool for reliable human identification. It has the potential to identify individuals with a high degree of assurance. Extracting good features is the most significant step in the iris recognition system. In the past, different features have been used to implement iris recognition system. Most of them are depend on hand-crafted features designed by biometrics specialists. Due to the success of deep learning in computer vision problems, the features learned by the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have gained much attention to be applied for iris recognition system. In this paper, we evaluate the extracted learned features from a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (Alex-Net Model) followed by a multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to perform classification. The performance of the proposed system is investigated when extracting features from the segmented iris image and from the normalized iris image. The proposed iris recognition system is tested on four public datasets IITD, iris databases CASIAIris-V1, CASIA-Iris-thousand and, CASIA-Iris- V3 Interval. The system achieved excellent results with the very high accuracy rate.
Differential Protection of Generator by Using Neural Network, Fuzzy Neural an...Waqas Tariq
This paper describes Artificial Intelligences techniques for detecting internal faults in a generator. Three techniques uses Neural Net (NN), Fuzzy Neural (FNN) and Fuzzy Neural Petri Net (FNPN) to implements differential protection of generator. MATLAB toolbox has been used for simulations and generation of fault data to training the programs for different faults cases and to implement the relay. Result of different cases studies are presented and compares among three implements techniques.
Application of Neural Network for Cell Formation in Group TechnologyIJMER
Group Technology is a method for increasing productivity of manufacturing quality products.
For improving the flexibility in manufacturing systems, cell formation is the main step in group
technology .Every manufacturing industry faces problem of productivity and their priority is to deliver
product to valuable customer in time. For fulfilling this purpose a proper engineering analysis is needed
which can reduce material handling and wait time. This can be done by cell formation. There are
various techniques which are available for cell formation and discussed by different researchers but
neural network is found the best among them due to its better and fast computation results. Here in this
paper Adaptive Resonance Theory ART1 is analyzed and proven a better way to cope up with the
manufacturing problems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN POWER SYSTEMSvivatechijri
In today’s world we require a continuous & definitive supply of electricity for proper functioning in
modern and advanced society. AI (AI) may be a field that was found on the idea of human intelligence where AI
precisely simulates natural intelligence. AI (Artificial Intelligence) is the mixture of expert task, mundane task
and formal task. Power Systems were used from the late 19th century and that they are one among the essential
needs that we'd like in our modern, developing day to day life. Power systems are used for transmission and
delivering the electricity to all or any machines. AI (Artificial Intelligence) plays a serious role in power systems
where they solve different problems in power systems like scheduling, calculating, statistics, forecast. As AI
(Artificial Intelligence) was being developed in several fields we could see the impact that it made on the facility
systems also, the humanly solved mathematical functions were solved by machines and every one the tasks are
performed by the machines.AI techniques became popular for solving different problems in power systems like
control, planning, scheduling, forecast, etc. These techniques can affect difficult tasks faced by applications in
modern large power systems with even more interconnections installed to satisfy increasing load demand. The
appliance of those techniques has been successful in many areas of power grid engineering
Automatic Fault Detection System with IOT BasedYogeshIJTSRD
The fault location is an important part for any transmission line and distribution system. The location of fault is difficult task sometimes it takes lot of times needed for the exact location of the fault. The exact fault location can help the service man to overcome the fault free system in very less time. In this paper we are able to detect the fault range in easy way using the ESP module and the message is transferred on the mobile. This project is cost effective and reliable. Fast fault detection provide the protection of equipment before any significant damage. Er. Sanjeev Kumar | Mohd Mehraj Khan | Nadeem | Shailesh Kumar Yadav | Harsh Gupta "Automatic Fault Detection System with IOT Based" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43806.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43806/automatic-fault-detection-system-with-iot-based/er-sanjeev-kumar
A BIST GENERATOR CAD TOOL FOR NUMERIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITSVLSICS Design
This paper describes a training and research tool for learning basic issues related to BIST (Built-In Self- Test) generator. The main didactic aim of the tool is presenting complicated concepts in a comprehensive graphical and analytical way. The paper describes a computer-aided design (CAD) that is used to generate automatically the BIST to any digital circuit. This software technique attempts to reduce the amount of extra hardware and cost of the circuit. In order to make our software being easily available, we used the Java platform, which is supported by most operating systems. The multi-platform JAVA runtime environment allows for easy access and usage of
the tool.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
More Related Content
Similar to Auto depannage digital system with endocrine cellular communication
AUTOMATIC FAULT TOLERANCE USING SELF ADAPTIVE SYSTEMMichael George
Fault tolerance (F-T) was an important issue in electronic device. However, such system was still impractical in many cases, particularly due to the complex rerouting process that follows cell replacement. In this project, proposed a dynamic reconfiguration capabilities system, therefore, a faulty module could be replaced and the whole system’s functions and connections were maintained by simply assigning the same encoded data to a spare (stem) module. The proposed system reroutes data flow. To detect permanent errors at runtime, a novel in-line test (ILT) method using spare wires and a test pattern generator wass proposed. In addition, an improved syndrome storing-based detection (SSD) method was presented. In the presence of permanent errors, the probability of correct transmission in the proposed systems was improved by up to 140% over the standalone hamming code. Furthermore, this method achieves up to 38% area, 64% energy, and 61% latency improvements.
Proposed Algorithm for Surveillance ApplicationsEditor IJCATR
Technological systems are vulnerable to faults. In many fault situations, the system operation has to be stopped to avoid
damage to machinery and humans. As a consequence, the detection and the handling of faults play an increasing role in modern
technology, where many highly automated components interact in a complex way such that a fault in a single component may cause
the malfunction of the whole system. This work introduces the main ideas of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control under the optics
of various research work done in this area. It presents the Arduino technology in both hardware and software sides. The purpose of this
paper is to propose a diagnostic algorithm based on this technology. A case study is proposed for this setting. Moreover, we explained
and discussed the result of our algorithm.
Sensors and Actuators Integration in Embedded SystemsIDES Editor
Sensors and actuators are critical components of
several embedded systems (ES) and can trigger the incidence
of catastrophic events [1-3]. Sensor and actuator faults detection
is difficult [2, 3] and impacts critically the system performance.
While integrating sensors and actuators with the rest of (sub)
system, there is a need to identify all failure modes and rectify
them. Several researchers have addressed software integration
issues [6, 7]; however sensors and actuators integration issues
were not addressed so far. This paper focuses on the problem
of integration testing of sensors and actuators in ES.
A fault model, applicable to both sensors and
actuators is proposed based on embedded system model in [12]
and some of the observed faults are described. They are similar
to the control flow and data flow faults [10]. The integration
testing of sensor / actuator within ES is the problem of
diagnosing faulty machine in a sequence of two CFSM [11].
For solving the diagnostic methodology [13] is used. The
integration testing of sensors / actuators is a subset of general
diagnostic problem. The sensor/actuator integration method
is described with an example and shows that solution exists for
the case of integration. Manifestation of faults in real interfaces
is described from integration point of view.
Recently, research has picked up a fervent pace in the area of fault diagnosis of electrical vehicle. Like failures of a position sensor, a voltage sensor, and current sensors. Three-phase induction motors are the “workhorses” of industry and are the most widely used electrical machines. This paper presents a scheme for Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI). The proposed approach is a sensor-based technique using the mains current measurement. Current sensors are widespread in power converters control and in electrical drives. Thus, to ensure continuous operation with reconfiguration control, a fast sensor fault detection and isolation is required. In this paper, a new and fast faulty current sensor detection and isolation is presented. It is derived from intelligent techniques. The main interest of field programmable gate array is the extremely fast computation capabilities. That allows a fast residual generation when a sensor fault occurs. Using of Xilinx System Generator in Matlab / Simulink allows the real-time simulation and implemented on a field programmable gate array chip without any VHSIC Hardware Description Language coding. The sensor fault detection and isolation algorithm was implemented targeting a Virtex5. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the efficiency of this FDI approach.
Black Box Model based Self Healing Solution for Stuck at Faults in Digital Ci...IJECEIAES
The paper proposes a design strategy to retain the true nature of the output in the event of occurrence of stuck at faults at the interconnect levels of digital circuits. The procedure endeavours to design a combinational architecture which includes attributes to identify stuck at faults present in the intermediate lines and involves a healing mechanism to redress the same. The simulated fault injection procedure introduces both single as well as multiple stuck-at faults at the interconnect levels of a two level combinational circuit in accordance with the directives of a control signal. The inherent heal facility attached to the formulation enables to reach out the fault free output even in the presence of faults. The Modelsim based simulation results obtained for the Circuit Under Test [CUT] implemented using a Read Only Memory [ROM], proclaim the ability of the system to survive itself from the influence of faults. The comparison made with the traditional Triple Modular Redundancy [TMR] exhibits the superiority of the scheme in terms of fault coverage and area overhead.
Optimized sensor selection for control and fault tolerance of electromagnetic...ISA Interchange
This paper presents a systematic design framework for selecting the sensors in an optimized manner, simultaneously satisfying a set of given complex system control requirements, i.e. optimum and robust performance as well as fault tolerant control for high integrity systems. It is worth noting that optimum sensor selection in control system design is often a non-trivial task. Among all candidate sensor sets, the algorithm explores and separately optimizes system performance with all the feasible sensor sets in order to identify fallback options under single or multiple sensor faults. The proposed approach combines modern robust control design, fault tolerant control, multi-objective optimization and Monte Carlo techniques. Without loss of generality, it's efficacy is tested on an electromagnetic suspension system via appropriate realistic simulations.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION FOR IRIS RECOGNITION ijcsit
Iris is a powerful tool for reliable human identification. It has the potential to identify individuals with a
high degree of assurance. Extracting good features is the most significant step in the iris recognition
system. In the past, different features have been used to implement iris recognition system. Most of them are
depend on hand-crafted features designed by biometrics specialists. Due to the success of deep learning in
computer vision problems, the features learned by the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have gained
much attention to be applied for iris recognition system. In this paper, we evaluate the extracted learned
features from a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (Alex-Net Model) followed by a multi-class
Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to perform classification. The performance of the proposed
system is investigated when extracting features from the segmented iris image and from the normalized iris
image. The proposed iris recognition system is tested on four public datasets IITD, iris databases CASIAIris-V1,
CASIA-Iris-thousand and, CASIA-Iris- V3 Interval. The system achieved excellent results with the
very high accuracy rate.
Iris is a powerful tool for reliable human identification. It has the potential to identify individuals with a high degree of assurance. Extracting good features is the most significant step in the iris recognition system. In the past, different features have been used to implement iris recognition system. Most of them are depend on hand-crafted features designed by biometrics specialists. Due to the success of deep learning in computer vision problems, the features learned by the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have gained much attention to be applied for iris recognition system. In this paper, we evaluate the extracted learned features from a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (Alex-Net Model) followed by a multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to perform classification. The performance of the proposed system is investigated when extracting features from the segmented iris image and from the normalized iris image. The proposed iris recognition system is tested on four public datasets IITD, iris databases CASIAIris-V1, CASIA-Iris-thousand and, CASIA-Iris- V3 Interval. The system achieved excellent results with the very high accuracy rate.
Differential Protection of Generator by Using Neural Network, Fuzzy Neural an...Waqas Tariq
This paper describes Artificial Intelligences techniques for detecting internal faults in a generator. Three techniques uses Neural Net (NN), Fuzzy Neural (FNN) and Fuzzy Neural Petri Net (FNPN) to implements differential protection of generator. MATLAB toolbox has been used for simulations and generation of fault data to training the programs for different faults cases and to implement the relay. Result of different cases studies are presented and compares among three implements techniques.
Application of Neural Network for Cell Formation in Group TechnologyIJMER
Group Technology is a method for increasing productivity of manufacturing quality products.
For improving the flexibility in manufacturing systems, cell formation is the main step in group
technology .Every manufacturing industry faces problem of productivity and their priority is to deliver
product to valuable customer in time. For fulfilling this purpose a proper engineering analysis is needed
which can reduce material handling and wait time. This can be done by cell formation. There are
various techniques which are available for cell formation and discussed by different researchers but
neural network is found the best among them due to its better and fast computation results. Here in this
paper Adaptive Resonance Theory ART1 is analyzed and proven a better way to cope up with the
manufacturing problems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN POWER SYSTEMSvivatechijri
In today’s world we require a continuous & definitive supply of electricity for proper functioning in
modern and advanced society. AI (AI) may be a field that was found on the idea of human intelligence where AI
precisely simulates natural intelligence. AI (Artificial Intelligence) is the mixture of expert task, mundane task
and formal task. Power Systems were used from the late 19th century and that they are one among the essential
needs that we'd like in our modern, developing day to day life. Power systems are used for transmission and
delivering the electricity to all or any machines. AI (Artificial Intelligence) plays a serious role in power systems
where they solve different problems in power systems like scheduling, calculating, statistics, forecast. As AI
(Artificial Intelligence) was being developed in several fields we could see the impact that it made on the facility
systems also, the humanly solved mathematical functions were solved by machines and every one the tasks are
performed by the machines.AI techniques became popular for solving different problems in power systems like
control, planning, scheduling, forecast, etc. These techniques can affect difficult tasks faced by applications in
modern large power systems with even more interconnections installed to satisfy increasing load demand. The
appliance of those techniques has been successful in many areas of power grid engineering
Automatic Fault Detection System with IOT BasedYogeshIJTSRD
The fault location is an important part for any transmission line and distribution system. The location of fault is difficult task sometimes it takes lot of times needed for the exact location of the fault. The exact fault location can help the service man to overcome the fault free system in very less time. In this paper we are able to detect the fault range in easy way using the ESP module and the message is transferred on the mobile. This project is cost effective and reliable. Fast fault detection provide the protection of equipment before any significant damage. Er. Sanjeev Kumar | Mohd Mehraj Khan | Nadeem | Shailesh Kumar Yadav | Harsh Gupta "Automatic Fault Detection System with IOT Based" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43806.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43806/automatic-fault-detection-system-with-iot-based/er-sanjeev-kumar
A BIST GENERATOR CAD TOOL FOR NUMERIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITSVLSICS Design
This paper describes a training and research tool for learning basic issues related to BIST (Built-In Self- Test) generator. The main didactic aim of the tool is presenting complicated concepts in a comprehensive graphical and analytical way. The paper describes a computer-aided design (CAD) that is used to generate automatically the BIST to any digital circuit. This software technique attempts to reduce the amount of extra hardware and cost of the circuit. In order to make our software being easily available, we used the Java platform, which is supported by most operating systems. The multi-platform JAVA runtime environment allows for easy access and usage of
the tool.
Similar to Auto depannage digital system with endocrine cellular communication (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
2. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
7
biological concepts and are more suitable in fault tolerant digital system design [1]-[16]. One of the
delegate approaches, MUX TREE method [13] offers better self repairing and replication, but has
only less fault coverage. Another approach uses endocrine systems [9] to improve redundancy, but
needs a complex communication for rerouting. This paper presents a new methodology to overcome
these problems, thereby using endocrine cellular communication for self-repairing [1] in digital
systems. The Auto Depannage mechanism improves the fault detection and reduces hardware
overhead for digital system design.
2. AUTO DEPANNAGE MECHANISM USING ENDOCRINE CELLULAR
COMMUNICATION
Auto Depannage digital system is a self-recovering digital system that can recover from
different types of functional faults. In endocrine cellular communication, endocrine cell secretes a
specific hormone for cell replacement only after it receives another specific hormone of damage cell
indication. By adopting the similar mechanism, proposed system [16] isolates the faulty cells and
replaces with a proper spare cell.
3. ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
The entire architecture of Auto Depannage digital system is composed of two layers, called
functional layer and gene control layer as in Fig1.
Fig 1: Auto Depannage digital system architecture
Both layers are operated in parallel, thus the system can recover even several faults occur in
different modules a same time. Functional layer contain artificial cells (modules). Module may be
working cell(WC), spare cell(SC) or isolated cells. Every WC is surrounded with its 4 SC as shown
in Fig 1, and each SCs is connected to its neighbouring WC. Each WC having its own ICU and SCs
has it own DU in gene control layer. The gene control layer is functionally positioned in parallel with
the functional layer. Thus, the gene control layer must control the functional layer properly without a
collision. Fig 2. shows interaction between layers for fault recovering. Here WC is replaced by SC
when a permanent fault arises in it.
3. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
8
3.1. FunctionalLayer
Functionality of target digital system is dividing into different genome and fed in each
working cells (WC). Each WC surrounded by its own stem (spare) cells and it contains genome of
neighboring working cell. The isolated cells are cells, which are isolated due to permanent fault.
These three types of cells are commonly known as module. All modules have similar basic structure
and these different modules forms a layer called functional layer (structural layer).
Every module contains two major units. They are,
Fig 2: Interaction between layers for fault recovery
3.1.1. Genome and Basic Structure
The genome plays the most important role in each cell. Genome is similar to a memory,
which contains encoded data about functionality and routing structure. Using the proper genome,
module constructs a basic structure corresponding to functionality of WC. The output from it fed into
fault detection and correction unit.
3.1.2. Fault Detection and Correction Unit
The drawbacks of existing system are, it requires large memory for fault detection and
correction, and less functional fault recovery.
Fig 3: Fault detection and correction unit
4. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
9
The proposed architecture overcomes it by elementary operational unit as shown in Fig 3.
The elementary unit produce bitwise fixed result corresponding to inputs of WC. This result is fed
into comparator unit 1 and cross check the data in (True or fault output). Then it is set flag if any
mismatch is present. Faulty data and its location, is found out by using comparator unit 2. If it is a
transient fault, then try to correct it using elementary unit and perfect genome and send corrected
data to cell. If the fault appears simultaneously, even after fault correction and genome replacement,
then it is a permanent fault. It is due to the fault in genome, the entire cell has to be replaced, set a
fault signal and given to gene control layer.
3.2. Gene Control Layer
The gene control layer assigns proper spare cell by producing control signals after receiving
fault signal as in Fig 2. It finds available spare cell and selects proper genome to the particular spare
cell. Then the spare cell takes the functionality of the faulty working cell. The gene control layer is
composed of,
3.2.1. Index Changing Unit
Index changing unit (ICU) receives faulty signals and changes the index bits. TABLE I
shows index bits and its ideal values.
State bit: It shows whether the cell is a SC or a WC or an isolated cell.
Direction bit: It indicates the direction of the WC for which stem cell is differentiated
Differentiation bit: It signifies the indication to enable spare cell.
TABLE I. INDEX BITS FOR EACH STEM CELL
State bit
Stem cell 0
Working or Isolated cell 1
Direction bits
The direction
of the WC
for which
stem cell is
differentiated
Left 00
Down 01
Right 10
Up 11
Differentiation
bit
No change 0
Differentiate the stem
cell
1
3.2.2. Differentiation Unit
The Differentiation Unit (DU) receives index bits and sends differentiated signal to
corresponding stem cell. At the same time, the isolation signal is sent to faulty module from ICU.
Thereby, the fault recovery is achieved and the target system maintains the normal operation
4. FUNCTIONAL FAULT COVERAGE
Auto Depannage mechanism offers functional fault coverage. It may be a transient,
permanent, or simultaneous fault. Fig 4 shows Auto Depannage ALU without any fault. Consider it
can perform 4 different operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and shifting. The WC
and SC arranged as in Fig 4.
5. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
10
Fig 4: Auto Depannage ALU without any fault
4.1. Transient Fault
Transient fault or a temporary fault can recover by fault detection and correction unit itself.
4.2. Permanent Fault
Permanent fault corrupt the genome or its basic structure. Thus, it can recover by selecting
proper spare and isolates faulty cell. Consider the case of selecting addition operation. If there is no
fault in adder WC’s, the system continue it’s working in without using SCs as in Fig 4.
Fig 5: Permanent fault recovery by left SC
But when the adder 4 WC suffer by temporary fault, it will try to overcome by fault detection
and correction unit and retain it’s working condition. Sometimes it is not possible correct the fault,
due to permanent fault in genome. Thus the WC replaced by stem cells and also isolated the faulty
cell. Gene control layer generate corresponding signals according to the status of functional layer.
The following figures show fault recovery occurred in Auto Depannage ALU. If any permanent fault
occurs in WC ADD4, it will be replaced by its left stem cell and will isolate the faulty WC ADD4.
Thus recovered from fault and the normal operation continued as in Fig 5. When there is permanent
fault in left SC and WC ADD4 ,it is replaced by down stem cell as in Fig 6. If WC ADD4 and left &
down stem cell become fault, it is recovered by right stem cell as in Fig 7.
6. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
11
Fig 6: Permanent fault recovery by down SC Fig .7: Permanent fault recovery by right SC
Fig 8: Permanent fault recovery by top SC Fig 9: Permanent fault in adder 4 WC and its all SCs
If WC ADD4 and left, down and right stem cell become fault, it is recovered by top stem cell
as in Fig 8. Then if 4 SCs and its working cell WC ADD4 become fault, the one addition operation
module stops its working by isolating SCs as in Fig 9. Thus the adder 4 unit becomes fault.
4.3. Simultaneous Fault
There is a chance to occur simultaneous fault in this ALU. Here the Fig 10. shows the
simultaneous fault occurring in working cell of WC ADD3 and left stem cell of WC ADD4.SC for
both cell are same. In that case gene control layer assigns the next proper stem cell to WC ADD4,
that is its down cell, as in Fig 10. These are shows only several conditions of fault in adder cell.
Similarly it is possible to recover different kinds of faults in other functional modules in Auto
Depannage ALU .
Fig 10: Simultaneous fault recovery
7. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
12
Simulation Works
Fig 11: Simulation result of system after fault recovery
5. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The proposed system is embedded in a digital platform with an Xilinx Spartan 6
(XC6SLX45-3CSG 324) FPGA for the application of an ALU. Several cases of recovery from a
permanent fault and transient fault are demonstrated in the platform. To verify the system, push
switches, dual in-line package switches and LEDs used.
Fig 12: Autodepannage ALU
The switches denoted as case_modes indicate the fault injecting input switches corresponding
to each module. By selecting “case_mode,” switches generate a permanent or transient fault at the
corresponding modules. Output of ALU displayed on the LEDs. Working and SCs arranged as
shown in Fig 4. When the transient fault is detected, at the rising of the next clock faulty data
recovered to normal data and the system operates normally.
8. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
13
In permanent fault, the normal operation is maintained using spare cells. Fig.5 to Fig 10
shows the changed states of cells by the fault recovery after a fault is injected in cells. Here, the
system repairs the permanent fault in a counter clockwise sequence. However, if the fault is generate
in TS after a faulty RS is replaced by TS, the entire system stops operating because there is no SC
left for repair. The speed of the clock used for the recovery is much faster. Thus, the ALU can
operate normally after fault generation. Through various demonstrations, the proposed system
verified.
6. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS WITH EXISTING APPROCHES
The main aim of the proposed Autodepannage architecture is to reduce the area, memory usage,
time delay and thereby increase scalability and accuracy. Xilinix ISE Design Suite 14.2 platform
provides a summary for logic utilization, time constraints and memory usage. By analysing the
graphs we can conclude that compare to existing self repair ALU, proposed Autodepannage ALU
reduce the area, memory usage, time delay.
Fig 13: Memory Usage
Fig 14: Timing analysis
9. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
14
Fig 15: Area Analysis
Here the Fig.13 shows proposed Auto Depannage ALU reduce in memory usage existing self
repair ALU. This will happen mainly due to the modified architecture of Fault detection and
correction. Timing Analysis shows in Fig.14, the proposed system reduces the total time delay. It is
the sum total of logic time and the routing time. The total time required to Auto Depannage ALU
got reduced. Area Analysis Fig 15 shows that the proposed system reduces the total area compared to
the existing one. These 3 Plots were drawn by analysing the design summary of both approaches
after synthesis
TABLE II: SUMMARY OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES
Approach Proposed system
Self-healing
system
MUX TREE
system
TMR
Number of WC N×N N×N N×N N×N
Number of
SC
(N+1)×
(N+1)
(N×N)/2 NXM 2×N×N
Number of hardware for
rerouting
__ (N×N)/2 N ×(N +M) __
Overhead (%)
100 × (1 + 2/N +
1/N)2%
100%
100 × (1 +
2M/N)%
200%
Simultaneous fault
coverage
N×N (N×N)/2 1 N×N
FFC 4 1 M 1
Necessary for rerouting NO YES YES NO
10. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
15
The proposed system was compared to other major self-repair approaches and it was found
that the proposed system has good fault coverage, low overhead, and no unutilized resources for fault
recovery. The results summarized in TABLE II.
7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
The AutoDepannage digital system provides good scalability and fault coverage. New
architecture for the fault detection has less memory usage and more fault coverage. Furthermore, due
to the new architecture, the cells could be arranged in densely and flexible way, also the WC could
be expanded to any four directions. The exact control in the gene-control layer offers fault recovery
without collision. As a result, all these create the system efficient compare to other existing
approaches.
For further improvement of the proposed AutoDepannage system, there remain several issues
awaiting further studies. The primary goal of developing a fault tolerant or AutoDepannage system is
to deal with faults that can occur in the target system. Other faults that might occur in additional
hardware are not considered. Hence, the secondary faults that can occur in the additional functional
hardware should be considered as well in the consideration of the cost and frequency. This means
that addressing possible faults in the additional functional hardware remains as a topic for further
study.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to acknowledge the support of the Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, SNGCE for technical facilities. I am thankful to our supervisors
Dr. S.P Namboothiri (H.O.D ECE, SNGCE) and Ms. Divya S. (Assistant Prof., SNGCE) for their
motivational support for carrying out this work. I am also grateful to my beloved guide,
Ms. Arathy Iyer R. (Assistant Prof., SNGCE), for her valuable contributions and encouragement
which make this work successful. Last but not the least; I humbly extend my gratitude to other
faculty, my friends and family, especially Ms. Ann Varghese, for her unending support. Above all, I
thank God Almighty for giving me strength, courage and blessings to complete this work.
REFERENCES
[1] Isaak Yang, Sung Hoon Jung, and Kwang-Hyun Cho,” Self Repairing Digital System With
Unified Recovery Process Inspired by Endocrine Cellular Communication”- IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS,
JUNE 2013
[2] M. Samie, G. Dragffy, and T. Pipe, “UNITRONICS: A novel bioinspired fault tolerant
cellular system,” in Proc. NASA/ESA Conf. Adapt.Hardw. Syst., Jun. 2011, pp. 58–65.
[3] M. Samie, G. Dragffy, and T. Pipe, “Bio-inspired self-test for evolvable fault tolerant
hardware systems,” in Proc. NASA/ESA Conf. Adapt.Hardw. Syst., Jun. 2010,
pp. 325–332.
[4] M. Samie, G. Dragffy, A. Popescu, T. Pipe, and C. Melhuish, “Prokaryotic bio-inspired
model for embryonics,” in Proc. NASA/ESA Conf.Adapt. Hardw. Syst., Jul.–Aug. 2009,
pp. 163–170.
[5] M. Samie, G. Dragffy, A. Popescu, T. Pipe, and J. Kiely, “Prokaryotic bio-inspired system,”
in Proc. NASA/ESA Conf. Adapt. Hardw. Syst., Jul.–Aug. 2009, pp. 171–178.
11. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
16
[6] W. Barker, D. M. Halliday, Y. Thoma, E. Sanchez, G. Tempesti, and A. M. Tyrrell, “Fault
tolerance using dynamic reconfiguration on the POEtic tissue,” IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput.,
vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 666–684, Oct. 2007.
[7] P. K. Lala, B. K. Kumar, and J. P. Parkerson, “On self-healing digital system design,”
Microelectron. J., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 353–362, Apr. 2006.
[8] S. Mitra, N. Seifert, M. Zhang, Q. Shi, K. S. Kim, “Robust System Design with Built-In
Soft-Error Resilience,” Computer, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 43-52, February 2005.
[9] A.J. Greensted and A.M.Tyrrell, “An endocrinologic-inspired hardware implementation of a
multicellular system,” in Proc. NASA/DoD Conf.Evolvable Hardw., 2004, pp. 245–252.
[10] X. Zhang, G. Dragffy, A. G. Pipe, N. Gunton, and Q. M. Zhu, “A reconfigurable self-
healing embryonic cell architecture,” in Proc. ERSA, Jun. 2003, pp. 134–140.
[11] P. K. Lala and B. K. Kumar, “An architecture for self-healing digital systems,” J. Electron.
Testing: Theory Appl., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 523– 535, Oct. 2003.
[12] D. Mange, M. Sipper, A. Stauffer, and G. Tempesti, “Toward robust integrated circuits: The
embryonics approach,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 88,no. 4, pp. 516–541, Apr. 2000.
[13] D. Mange, E. Sanchez, A. Stauffer, G. Tempesti, P. Marchal, and C. Piguet, “Embryonics:
A new methodology for designing field programmable gate arrays with self-repair and self-
replicating properties,” IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst., vol. 6, no. 3,
pp. 387–399, Sep. 1998.
[14] C. Ortega and A. Tyrrell, “Design of a basic cell to construct embryonic arrays,” IEE Proc.
Comput. Digital Tech., vol. 145, no. 3, pp. 242–248, May 1998.
[15] D. Mange, S. Durand, E. Sanckez, A. Stauffer, G. Tempesti, P. Marchal, and C. Piguet, “A
new paradigm for developing digital systems based on a multi-cellular organization,” in
Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst.,vol. 3. Apr.–May 1995, pp. 2193–2196.
[16] Archanalakshmi K.S, Arathy Iyer,”Design of Auto Depannage digital system with efficent
fault coverage, ” IJARECE,Vol 3 Issue 9 September 2014, pp.1063-1068.
[17] Y.S.V.Raman, Dr S.Sri Gowri and Dr B.PrabhakaraRao, Performance Analysis of Cellular
System using Distributed Dynamic Channel Allocation”, International Journal of
Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET), Volume 3, Issue 1,
2012, pp. 147 - 153, ISSN Print: 0976- 6464, ISSN Online: 0976 –6472.