Audience theory has evolved over time from three main perspectives: The first theory from the 1920s-1930s viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages. The two-step flow theory from the 1940s-1950s saw audiences as more active, with opinion leaders influencing others. Uses and gratifications theory from the 1960s saw audiences as active consumers who use media selectively to fulfill various needs like diversion, social interaction, identity, and information gathering.