Approach to a trauma patient - Advanced Trauma Life SupportParthasarathi Ghosh
Approach to a trauma patient from a Critical Care Medicine perspective with basics of Advanced Trauma Life Support.
References - ATLS Manual 10th Edition
INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF TRAUMA PATIENTS....(INSPIRED FROM CTLS AND ATLS GUIDELI...Prerna Biswal
THIS PRESENTATION WAS MADE AT IMA HOUSE IN BHUBANESWAR,ODISHA, BY DR.NIBEDITA PANI,HOD ,DEPT. OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY AND DR.PRERNA BISWAL,PG,ANAESTHESIOLOGY,SCBMCH,CUTTACK,
Approach to a trauma patient - Advanced Trauma Life SupportParthasarathi Ghosh
Approach to a trauma patient from a Critical Care Medicine perspective with basics of Advanced Trauma Life Support.
References - ATLS Manual 10th Edition
INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF TRAUMA PATIENTS....(INSPIRED FROM CTLS AND ATLS GUIDELI...Prerna Biswal
THIS PRESENTATION WAS MADE AT IMA HOUSE IN BHUBANESWAR,ODISHA, BY DR.NIBEDITA PANI,HOD ,DEPT. OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY AND DR.PRERNA BISWAL,PG,ANAESTHESIOLOGY,SCBMCH,CUTTACK,
Trauma is a global problem and continues to be a leading cause of disability and death.
Approximately 25% to 30% of deaths caused by trauma can be prevented when a systematic and organized approach is used.
The main goal of the initial assessment
Recognize the patient who does have life-threatening injuries
Establish treatment priorities, and
Manage them aggressively
polytrauma lecture prepare by three medical student in Kerbala university / college of medicine department of surgery to presented as seminar
for download as ppt
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1bc3HMEeJyhrOwag-AvTFMmPVKi12O1PU
Trauma is a global problem and continues to be a leading cause of disability and death.
Approximately 25% to 30% of deaths caused by trauma can be prevented when a systematic and organized approach is used.
The main goal of the initial assessment
Recognize the patient who does have life-threatening injuries
Establish treatment priorities, and
Manage them aggressively
polytrauma lecture prepare by three medical student in Kerbala university / college of medicine department of surgery to presented as seminar
for download as ppt
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1bc3HMEeJyhrOwag-AvTFMmPVKi12O1PU
2018 ATLS PROTOCOL
FOCUSING ON THE PRIMORDIAL MANAGEMENT OF PT IN THE APPROACH OF IMPROVING TRAUMA PT MANAGEMENT AND REDUCING MORTALITY OF TRAUMA PT AT OUR RESPECTIVE HEALTH FACILITIES AS DOCTORS AND CLINICIANS WORKING IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT.
GIVEN THE NECESSARY EQUIPMENT AND FAVOURABLE AMBIENT WORKING ENVIRONMENT WE SHOULD BE ABLE TO OFFER OUR HUMANITY RACE QUALITY SERVICES BEARING IN MIND THAT LIFE COME FIRST AND ALL THE OTHER ATTRIBUTES IN LIFE FOLLOWS
Detailed information on assessing the trauma patients with time dependent principle management and selection between early total care and damage control surgery.
Introduction and Epidemiology
Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) can be hidden; presence of distracting injuries, altered mental status, head injury or intoxication.
Anatomy of the abdomen
Thoracoabdomen
Anterior abdomen
Flank and Back
Pelvic cavity
Pathophysiologic mechanism
Management
Algorithm for initial evaluation
Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST)
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL)
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)
Liver
Spleen
Bleeding and Coagulopathy
Goal-directed therapy coagulation management
Thromboelastogram
Algorithm for the management of trauma-induced hemorrhage without viscoelastic testing
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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Atls; Advanced Trauma Life Support
1. ATLS
Advanced Trauma Life Support
Supervised by: Prof. Mahmoud Abu-Ebeeleh
Done by: Dr. Faisal Rawagah
2. History
Dr James Styner, An orthopedic surgeon crashed his plane in February 1976
“When I can Provide better care in the field with limited resources than what my children and I
received at the primary care facility, there is something wrong with the system, and the system
has to be changed”
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-Journal of Trauma Nursing April/June 2006, Volume :13 Number 2 , page 41 - 44
3. Do we Need ATLS?
ATLS Methods is accepted as a standard for the “first hour” of trauma care by
many who provide care for the injured.
5.8 million people die every year from unintentional injuries and violence.
Motor vehicle crashes alone case:
1.3 million deaths annually.
20 million to 50 million significant injuries.
Trauma the leading cause of death in persons 1 through 44 years of age in most
developed countries.
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
4. The trimodal distribution of deaths
Classically:
Immediate (seconds to minutes)
Severe brain or high spinal cord injury
Rupture of the heart, aorta, or other large blood
vessels
Early (minutes to several hours)
Subdural and epidural hematomas,
Hemopneumothorax
Ruptured spleen, lacerations of the liver, pelvic
fractures.
Late (Several days to weeks)
sepsis and multiple organ system dysfunctions.
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-Gunst M, Ghaemmaghami V, Gruszecki A, Urban J, Frankel H, Shafi S. Changing epidemiology of trauma deaths leads
to a bimodal distribution. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2010 Oct;23(4):349-54. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2010.11928649.
PMID: 20944754; PMCID: PMC2943446.
5. The “initial assessment”
Timing is crucial, systematic approach that can be rapidly and accurately applied is essential
•• Preparation
•• Triage
•• Primary survey (ABCDEs) with immediate resuscitation of patients with life-threatening injuries
•• Adjuncts to the primary survey and resuscitation
•• Consideration of the need for patient transfer
•• Secondary survey (head-to-toe evaluation and patient history)
•• Adjuncts to the secondary survey
•• Continued postresuscitation monitoring and reevaluation
•• Definitive care
6. Preparation
Prehospital Phase
Airway maintenance, Control of external bleeding and shock.
Immobilization of the patient, and immediate transport to the closest appropriate facility.
Obtaining and reporting information needed for triage at the hospital.
Time of injury events related to the injury, and patient history.
Hospital Phase
Resuscitation area.
Properly functioning airway equipment.
Warmed intravenous crystalloid solutions (37c-40c) + appropriate monitoring devices.
Protocol to summon additional medical assistance + laboratory and radiology personnel.
Transfer agreements with verified trauma centers.
PPE- standard precautions (face mask, eye protection, water-impervious gown,and gloves)
7. Triage
based on the ABC
The severity of injury.
Ability to survive.
Available resources.
Multiple-casualty event
Mass-casualty event
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-CDC, MMWR, Guidelines for Field Triage of Injured Patients:
Recommendations of the National Expert Panel on Field Triage, 2011
8. Primary Survey with
Simultaneous Resuscitation
During the primary survey, life-threatening conditions are identified and treated in a
prioritized sequence based on the effects of injuries on the patient’s physiology,
because at first it may not be possible to identify specific anatomic injuries.
• Airway maintenance with restriction of cervical spine motion.
• Breathing and ventilation.
• Circulation with hemorrhage control.
• Disability(assessment of neurologic status).
• Exposure/Environmental control.
9. Airway maintenance with restriction of cervical
spine motion.
Asking the patient for his or her name, and asking what happened.
Inspecting for foreign bodies.
Identifying facial, mandibular, and/or tracheal/laryngeal fractures and other injuries that
can result in airway obstruction.
Suctioning to clear accumulated blood or secretions.
Jaw-thrust or chin-lift.
Oropharyngeal airway.
Establish a definitive airway.
Cervical In-line stabilization.
Cervical collar.
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-Austin N, Krishnamoorthy V, Dagal A. Airway management in cervical spine injury. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci.
2014 Jan;4(1):50-6. doi: 10.4103/2229-5151.128013. PMID: 24741498; PMCID: PMC3982371.
10. Breathing and ventilation
Expose the patient’s neck and chest
Assess jugular venous distention.
Position of the trachea
Chest wall excursion
Tension pneumothorax, Massive hemothorax, Open pneumothorax, and tracheal or
bronchial injuries.
O2 mask-reservoir device.
Pulse oximeter to monitor.
Ask but do not stop at; Portable CXR.
NOT in Primary Survey: Simple pneumothorax, simple hemothorax, fractured ribs, flail
chest, and pulmonary contusion.
11. Circulation with hemorrhage control.
cABCDE; Catastrophic Haemorrhage Control.
Blood Volume and Cardiac Output
If there is no tension pneumothorax then consider that hypotension following injury is
due to blood loss until proven otherwise.
Evaluation:
Level of Consciousness
Skin Perfusion
Pulse
BP
Bleeding
Blood on the floor and four more
12. External hemorrhage is identified and controlled during the primary survey.
Direct manual pressure
Tourniquet: carry a risk of ischemic injury
Do NOT do Blind clamping.
Internal hemorrhage; Four More
Physical examination and imaging;
Chest x-ray, Pelvic x-ray, focused assessment with sonography for trauma [FAST], or diagnostic
peritoneal lavage [DPL].
Chest decompression, and application of a pelvic stabilizing device and/ or extremity splints.
Definitive management may require surgical or interventional radiologic treatment and pelvic and
long-bone stabilization.
Definitive bleeding control is essential, along with appropriate replacement of intravascular
13. Vascular access
Two large-bore peripheral venous catheters (g16 cannula)
Send 5 Blood samples
CBC
Blood gases and/or lactate level
Blood Group/ Xmach
Pt Ptt INR
Toxicology
+/- pregnancy test
Peripheral sites cannot be accessed
Intraosseous infusion, central venous access(Cordis catheter), or venous cutdown.
-Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
-Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery Eleventh Edition: chapter 7, page 183- 249
14. Aggressive and continued volume resuscitation is NOT a substitute for definitive
control of hemorrhage.
Bolus of 1 L warm (37°C to 40°C) normal saline IV
Unresponsive; activate massive blood transfusion protocol (1:1:1)
Your target is permissive hypotension
Tranexamic acid; best within 1 h of trauma, up to 3 h, followed by 2nd dose infusion
over 8 hours in the hospital.
15. Disability(assessment of neurologic status).
Patient’s level of consciousness and pupillary size and reaction.
Identifies the presence of lateralizing signs.
Determines spinal cord injury level, if present.
GCS
Decrease in a patient’s level of consciousness may indicate:
Decreased cerebral oxygenation and/or perfusion,
Direct cerebral injury
Hypoglycemia, alcohol, narcotics, and other drugs
Call neurosurgeon once a brain injury is recognized
Your main goal to Prevent secondary brain injury by maintaining adequate oxygenation and
perfusion.
16. Exposure/Environmental control
Cutting off his or her garments
Examine the anterior surface
Examine areas that not easy to access; axilla, perineum
Log rolling maneuver; Examine the back, PR.
Cover the patient with warm blankets or an external warming device.
Use only warm IV fluids.
Hypothermia one of the trauma’s lethal triad.
17. Adjuncts to the Primary Survey with
Resuscitation
Physiologic parameters such as pulse rate, blood pressure, pulse pressure,
ventilatory rate, ABG levels, body temperature, and urinary output are assessable
measures that reflect the adequacy of resuscitation. Values for these parameters
should be obtained as soon as is practical during or after completing the
primary survey, and reevaluated periodically.
It is important not to delay transfer to perform an indepth diagnostic evaluation.
19. Secondary Survey
The secondary survey does not begin until the primary survey (ABCDE) is completed,
resuscitative efforts are under way, and improvement of the patient’s vital functions
has been demonstrated.
History (Allergies, Medications, Past illnesses/Pregnancy, Last meal,
Events/Environment)
Blunt Trauma
Penetrating Trauma
Thermal Injury
Hazardous Environment
20. Physical Examination
Head
Maxillofacial Structures
Cervical Spine and Neck
Chest
Abdomen and Pelvis
Perineum, Rectum, and Vagina
Musculoskeletal System
Neurological System
29. -Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: current evidence Open Access Emerg Med. 2019; 11: 29–38. Published online 2019 Jan 14. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S166087
-Sridhar, Srikanth MD*; Gumbert, Sam D. MD*; Stephens, Christopher MD*; Moore, Laura J. MD†; Pivalizza, Evan G. MBChB, FFASA* Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta: Principles, Initial Clinical Experience, and Considerations for
the Anesthesiologist, Anesthesia & Analgesia: September 2017 - Volume 125 - Issue 3 - p 884-890 doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002150
Resuscitative endovascular
balloon occlusion of the
aorta (REBOA)
30. ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC TRAUMA
Blunt
Spleen (40% to 55%)
Liver (35% to 45%)
Small bowel (5% to 10%)
Retroperitoneal hematoma
Pelvic Fractures
Penetrating
Stab wounds
Liver (40%), Small bowel (30%),
Diaphragm (20%), colon (15%)
High-energy low-energy
gunshot wounds
small bowel (50%), colon (40%),
liver (30%), and abdominal
vascular structures (25%).
33. References
Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual 10th edition
Journal of Trauma Nursing April/June 2006, Volume:13 Number 2 , page 41-44
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
Gunst M, Ghaemmaghami V, Gruszecki A, Urban J, Frankel H, Shafi S. Changing epidemiology of trauma deaths leads to a bimodal distribution. Proc
(Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2010 Oct;23(4):349-54. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2010.11928649. PMID: 20944754; PMCID: PMC2943446.
CDC, MMWR, Guidelines for Field Triage of Injured Patients: Recommendations of the National Expert Panel on Field Triage, 2011
Austin N, Krishnamoorthy V, Dagal A. Airway management in cervical spine injury. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2014 Jan;4(1):50-6. doi: 10.4103/2229-5151.128013.
PMID: 24741498; PMCID: PMC3982371.
Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery Eleventh Edition: chapter 7, page 183- 249
Carney N, Totten AM, O'Reilly C, Ullman JS, Hawryluk GW, Bell MJ, Bratton SL, Chesnut R, Harris OA, Kissoon N, Rubiano AM, Shutter L, Tasker RC,
Vavilala MS, Wilberger J, Wright DW, Ghajar J. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Fourth Edition. Neurosurgery. 2017 Jan
1;80(1):6-15. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001432. PMID: 27654000.
Trial of Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension N Engl J Med 2016; 375:1119-1130, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1605215
https://www.grepmed.com/images/2422/echocardiogram-tamponade-clinical-cardiac-pocus
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: current evidence Open Access Emerg Med. 2019; 11: 29–38. Published online 2019 Jan
14. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S166087
Sridhar, Srikanth MD*; Gumbert, Sam D. MD*; Stephens, Christopher MD*; Moore, Laura J. MD†; Pivalizza, Evan G. MBChB, FFASA* Resuscitative
Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta: Principles, Initial Clinical Experience, and Considerations for the Anesthesiologist, Anesthesia & Analgesia:
September 2017 - Volume 125 - Issue 3 - p 884-890 doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002150
34. Thank you
Supervised by:
Prof. Mahmoud Abu-Ebeeleh
Cardiothoracic surgery consultant
Done by:
Dr. Faisal Rawagah
Critical Care Fellow
Jordan University Hospital 17.03.2022