1. The document discusses the importance of libraries and access to information for children's education and development. It outlines the role of school and classroom libraries, as well as science libraries, in fostering reading habits and cultivating curiosity in students. 2. Different types of search tools for finding information online are described, including web search engines, meta search engines, directories, and specialty search services that access hidden web content. Determining the authorship and reliability of online information sources is also highlighted. 3. Creating well-planned library programs and properly implementing class library activities can help make students lifelong learners and achieve educational goals.

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ON LINE ASSIGNMENT
LIBRARY
[ EDU 09.8 Theoretical Base of Physical Science Education-II ]
Submitted by
LEKSHMI PRASAD
ROLL.NO : 195
B.Ed PHYSICAL SCIENCE
DATE:31/05/14 K.U.C.T.E ARYAD

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INTRODUCTION
“The child shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall
include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds,
regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art , or
through any other media of the child’s choice.”(U.N_.Convention on the Rights
of the Child, Article 13(1), 1989).The Article clearly states the rights of a child,
his/her right to freedom of expression and the choice in seeking, receiving and
imparting information in any form. Library provides information and ideas that are
fundamental to functioning successfully in today’s information and knowledge
based society. The school library equips students with life long learning skills and
develops the imagination, enabling them to live as responsible citizens”.At the
earlier stages of their education, children come in contact with books and
reading in more than one ways. They may listen to the stories read out by their
parents or teachers or try to read whatever they see. Children should be encouraged
to use the library or participate in library activities in this tender age, as that will
make them more likely to remain users in future years.
LIBRARY
A room or building containing collection of books for reading or
reference.A library is an organized collection of sources of information and similar
resources ,made accessible to a defined communityfor reference or borrowing. It
provides physical or digital access to material and may be a physical building or
room or a virtual space or both.It includes books ,periodicals,news
papers,manuscripts,filims,maps,prints,documents,micro form CDs,cassettes, video
tapes,DVDs,Blue-ray disc,e-books,audio books,data bases and other formats.
The first library consisted of archieves of the earlist form of writing-the
clay tablets in cunieformscript discovered in Sumer in 2600 BC.We go through the
history of orgin of library found that Tianyi Chamber fonded in 1561by Fan Qin
during the Ming Dynasty ,is the oldest and existing library in China.The first text
book on library science was written by Martin Schrettingerand published in 1808.

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Library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an
institution, a corporation or individual.In addition to providing materials,library
also provide the services of librarians who are expert at finding and organizing
information and at interpreting information needs.Library often provide quite areas
for studying and public facilities for access to their electronic resources and
internet.Modern libraries are increasingly being redefined as places to get
unrestricted access to information in many formats and from many sources.They
are extending the services beyond the physical walls of a building , by providing
material accessible by electronic means and by providing the assistance of
librarians in navigating and analyzing very large amount of information with a
variety of digital tools.
SCHOOL LIBRARAY
Libray is an import part of a school ,it makes pupil to foster
in love of reading and also more helpful for the study.Th following conditions are
essential of good school library.
1. Well stocked and properly organized
2. A large and airy room.
3. Properly lighted.
4. Away from the disturbing noises.
5. Suitable furnished and comfortable seats,tables and shelves.
6. By the absence of trained Librarian ,a teacher can take response the charge
of library.
The following books and periodicals (both in English and
tongue) are definitely present in the school library.
Travel,fiction,poetry,drama,geography,history,fairy tales,myths,legends,religious
books,books of reference,picture books,dictioneries,daily news
papers,jornels,magazines etc.

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The role of the teacher
The duty of teacher is to cultivate the love of books and reading habit in
pupils . Teacher can help the students to intellectual browsing and stimulating pupil
to read is for the teacher to relate stories is then in the class in outline form,when
pupils becomes curious and they read complete stories themselves.An
understanding of children nature as well as the taste as well as the taste and
interest of puples at different ages is a great aid is suggesting books of the right
type to them.
For primary classes:- Pictures book, animal stories,fairy tales,nursary rhyme books
etc.
For middle classes:- Larger fairy tales,tales of wonder,adventure ,myths,legends,
travel stories,poems and religious stories.
Higher classes:-Stories of adventure,romance,biography,history,stories of science
&inventions,novels,dramas,essays and book of general information.
The school time table must include at least two period in a week for
using library . during this period class teacher may take pupil to library and
distribute books for them taste to read.Encouraging pupil to read more and more.
CLASS LIBRARY
Class libraries will be under the charge of class teachers. The
class teacher will get books from the main library, which will be in accordance
with the standard and interest of the age group of the children of the class
concerned. They should be attractively displayed in modulated cupboards having
aluminium frame and transparent acrylic sheet cover. The teacher would maintain
a register regarding the issue of books to the students sothat he/she can keep track
of the books read and students are not given books they have already read.The
class teacher will ensure that every pupil in the class maintains a notebook inwhich
the name of the book read, its author and a brief account of the content is recorded.
The selection of books for the class libraries will also be done by a committee
comprising of H.M., Librarian, Class teacher, two other teachers and two students
who will be nominated by the principal.Although the concept of Class library is
well defined in the policy, the functioning of that in many schools is not up to the
mark. Many of the teachers consider this as an extra work where as some do it for
namesake. The main problems that affect the proper functioning of class libraries
with some possible solutions are below.

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1. Quality of children’s books available is not as per s tandards.
2. Children need books that cater their interest and imagination.
3. For class libraries, a separate Book Selection Committee can be formed.
4. Proper planning should be there in the selection of children’s books.
5. Purchase oof books should be a year long process not a year end exercise.
6. multiple copies of the same books can be procured, Same books for the
same class for the whole year.
7. The interest of the children decreases if they have to rotate the same books
among them for the whole year. To avoid this, the sets of books taken from
the main library should be replaced with new ones for at least three times in
a year.
8. Teachers not getting enough time children like to become adults and ready
to take responsibilities.
Basic requirements
Proper planning is a must. Relationship between class teachers and librarians
should be cordial. A functional Class library committee and a Book Selection
Committee having 10 members with keen interest and imagination are positive
factors. Periodical evaluation of the functioning of class libraries should be
conducted. The number of books circulated and the details of activities conducted
in every class shall be recorded. The effectiveness of the activities should be
checked and if notsatisfactory, they must be restructured.Preparation of Class
library Programme In the line of the School Library Media Programme, a class
library programme should be prepared every year.The programme should clearly
mention the aim, current status, date wise activities,outcomes, evaluation and
future plans.Properly planned and effectively implemented class library
programme will the base for library services for primary children.
SCIENCE LIBRARY
A science library is a separate library for science books located in the science
room.One corner of the class room can be conviently used for housing the science
library.A library should provide students of all grades and classes sufficient
material for enriching their knowledge of science. The science teacher should
inculcate in the pupil the love for reading and ability to use reference books.The
pupil should write a brief review of the books they have read. The scope for
updating the knowledge of teachers and the students is only possible through the
books and material available for library.The books should cover all branches of

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science such as astronomy ,physics,chemistry,biology,geology, physiology,nature
study ,books on romance of science,history of scientific discoveries &
inventions,agriculture,engineering and books on the life and works of great
scientists.
The following category books are definitely placed in the sciece library.
1. Inspirational books, which inspires the readers and create interest in them for
studying science.
2. Background books ,which are the essential knowledge books on various
topics.
3. Reference books of varied coverage.
4. Science magazines and journals.
The teacher should be able to select suitable science books for library and also
covering a wide range of topics.Science library is unavoidable when the teacher
when the teacher desires to follow reference books method of learning science.The
science library should contain science books of advanced standards in order to
enable the talented pupils to explore the new areas of science as rapidly as the
ability to permit .
Importance
“ Reading maketh a full man “.The importance of books is quite evident.Not only
are they the vital forces of acquiring knowledge but they also act as great
friendsand companions in times of need.We get pleasure,peace
,consolation,strength , courage,ready advice and knowledge,from books.Good
books to the young mind are like the warm sun and refreshing rain to the seeds.
Our ultimate aim is not only to educate the child formally, but
also to make him useful and good citizen of the state,libraries are essential.They
will improve the mental faculties ,inspiring his spiritual qualities and leads to good
personality .
Organisation
A science teacher must keep the following points in mind while organizing
a science library.

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1.Place and accommodation : Most of the school have a general library,but there is
less chance for separate room for the establishment of science library.So make
collection of science books and place it in the respective class rooms almirahs
suiting the standard and grade of students.
2. Library in- charge : For deriving maximum benefit and value of a science
library,the students can take the in-charge of library under the guidance and
supervision of a science teacher.It gets keen interest among students not only for
the reading of science books but also for exploring sources of getting good on
science.One of the students may become in charge of the library to help in the
exchange of books themselves on the basis of rotation.This system will encourage
students for reading additional science books at home in their leisure hours.
3. Selection of science books and reading material : The effectiveness of science
library depends upon the books and reading material it possesses for it readers.It
requires a proper planning and wise selection on the part of organizers.Thebooks
and materials in the science library may be categorized as below.
a. All the prescribed books for each standards.
b. Books on detailed information and extensive study on every branch of
science.
c.Books on latest developments and progress in science.
d. Books on discoveries and inventions in science.
e. Books on the historical landmarksin the field of science including the
life history of scientists.
f. Books on scientific hobbies and amusements.
g.Interesting pictorials and well illustrated books on science.
h. Science periodicals and magazines.
i. Teaching and learning aid informative books.
j. References books,ctioneries related to the facts and processes of
sciences.
4.Management of science library : There should be proper classification of the
books so that a particular book on the given topic can easily located by the
readers.The register of issue and return of the book properly maintained and keep
the books with out any damage.The activities of libray follows certain rules and
principles.
5.Promoting student’s interest in the science library : The teacher should give
reference books with their authers,teacher displays and emphasizing the salient

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features of books ,promoting students to prepare necessary notes from library
books and read them out to the whole class.To give students the full freedom for
selecting the books from the library.Also library helping more information for the
cocurricular activities such as science club,fairs, exhibitions,scince magazines of
the school etc.
WEB RESOURCES FOR ACCESSING INFORMATION
Search tools
The most popular search tools for finding information on the internet include Web
search engines, meta search engines, Web directories, and specialty search
services. A Web search engine uses software known as a Web crawler to follow
the hyperlinks connecting the pages on the World Wide Web. The information on
these Web pages is indexed and stored by the search engine. To access this
information, a user enters keywords in a search form and the search engine queries
its indices to find Web pages that contain the keywords and displays them in
search engine results page (SERP). The SERP list typically includes hyperlinks
and brief descriptions of the content found. Search results are ranked using
complex algorithms, which take into consideration the location and frequency of
keywords on a Web page, along with the quality and number of external hyperlinks
pointing at the Web page.
A Meta search engine enables users to enter a search query once and it runs against
multiple search engines simultaneously, creating a list of aggregated search results.
Since no single search engine covers the entire web, a meta search engine can
produce a more comprehensive search of the web. Most meta search engines
automatically eliminate duplicate search results. However, meta search engines
have a significant limitation because the most popular search engines, such as
Google, are not included because of legal restrictions.
A Web directory organizes subjects in a hierarchical fashion that lets users
investigate the breadth of a specific topic and drill down to find relevant links and
content. Web directories can be assembled automatically by algorithms or
handcrafted. Human-edited Web directories have the distinct advantage of higher
quality and reliability, while those produced by algorithms can offer more
comprehensive coverage. The scope of Web directories are generally broad, such

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as DOZ, Yahoo! and The WWW Virtual Library, covering a wide range of
subjects, while others focus on specific topics.
Specialty search tools enable users to find information that conventional search
engines and meta search engines cannot access because the content is stored in
databases. In fact, the vast majority of information on the web is stored in
databases that require users to go to a specific site and access it through a search
form. Often, the content is generated dynamically. As a consequence, Web
crawlers are unable to index this information. In a sense, this content is "hidden"
from search engines, leading to the term invisible or deep Web. Specialty search
tools have evolved to provide users with the means to quickly and easily find deep
Web content. These specialty tools rely on advanced bot and intelligent agent
technologies to search the deep Web and automatically generate specialty Web
directories, such as the Virtual Private Library.
When using the Internet for research, countless websites appear for whatever
search query is entered. Each of these sites has one or more authors or associated
organizations. Who authored or sponsored a website is very important to the
accuracy and reliability of the information presented on the website.
CONCLUSION
A child in his growing age needs books and libraries. It enriches his/her reading
experiences and develops skills as independent learners. Age specific strategies
should be followed to introduce them the information skills that should be
practiced through out their school career. A well planned Class library programme,
functional class libraries, creatively designed and well executed library activities
and proper evaluation make students lifelong learners. CMP for Qualitative
improvement of the Primary Education gives ample space for libraries. The
teachers and librarians have tomake it a reality.

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REFERENCES
1. B.D BHATIA AND KAMALA BHATIA THE PRINCIPLES AND
METHOD OF TEACHING DOABA HOUSE PUBLICATION.
2. DR.S.R JOSHY TEACHING OF SCIENCE APH PUBLISHING
CORPORATION.
3. R.C DAS SCINCE TEACHING IN SCHOOLS
4. DR.T.K MATHEW AND DR. T.M MOLLYKUTTY SCIENCE
EDUCATION THEORETICAL BASES OF TEACHING &PEDAGOGIC
ANALYSIS RAINBOW BOOK POUBLISHERS.
5. http://assets00.grou.ps/.../kvlibrarians/.../Library_as_classroom_activity_
6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_research
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library