The document discusses planning and assessing student learning. It emphasizes starting with clear learning goals and using formative and summative assessments to understand what students have learned and where they still need support. A variety of assessment types are described, including performance, authentic, traditional, and alternative assessments. The importance of pre-assessments to understand students' prior knowledge and misconceptions is highlighted. Effective planning involves understanding what students should know, understand, and be able to do. Student learning should be demonstrated through ongoing feedback and evidence aligned to learning criteria. A multi-tiered response system can provide differentiated instruction and intervention for students who need additional support.