The document discusses two types of classroom assessment: assessment of learning and assessment for learning. Assessment of learning evaluates student progress against standards and is intended for those not involved in the classroom. Assessment for learning establishes next steps, provides descriptive feedback, and involves students to improve learning and assist teachers. The document also discusses how the brain learns best when students have choice, receive frequent feedback, and can self-assess. It provides strategies for effective classroom assessment, including teachers researching standards, discussing criteria with students, and giving students time to work at their own pace.