Biological test and assay tetanus toxoid adsorbed ShameerAbid
these slides talked about the tests and assay method for tetanus toxoid adsorbed
Tetanus Toxoid
What Is Bioassay/Biological Assay?
Potency in guinea pigs and mice by the challenge
(lethal and paralysis)
Validity of the test
Validation and suitability
Other methods
Acronyms
Assay of adsorbed diptheria vaccine and adsorbed tetanusRAGHAV DOGRA
diphtheria and tetanus vaccine, assay method, lethal dose method, Method A. challenge toxins in the guinea pig, Method B. challenge toxins in mice, Determination of antibodies in the guinea pig, guidelines .
Biological test and assay tetanus toxoid adsorbed ShameerAbid
these slides talked about the tests and assay method for tetanus toxoid adsorbed
Tetanus Toxoid
What Is Bioassay/Biological Assay?
Potency in guinea pigs and mice by the challenge
(lethal and paralysis)
Validity of the test
Validation and suitability
Other methods
Acronyms
Assay of adsorbed diptheria vaccine and adsorbed tetanusRAGHAV DOGRA
diphtheria and tetanus vaccine, assay method, lethal dose method, Method A. challenge toxins in the guinea pig, Method B. challenge toxins in mice, Determination of antibodies in the guinea pig, guidelines .
In this slide contains definition and biological assay of Adsorbed Diphtheria Vaccine.
Presented by: G.CHIRANJEEVI (Department of pharmaceutical analysis).
RIPER, anantapur
Report on Rabies vaccine in India. Rabies is caused by lyssavirus which is a deadly virus which affects the CNS. And its genetic material consists of mainly RNA and it undergoes reverse transcription mechanism and multiply in the host.
In this slide contains definition and biological assay of Adsorbed Diphtheria Vaccine.
Presented by: G.CHIRANJEEVI (Department of pharmaceutical analysis).
RIPER, anantapur
Report on Rabies vaccine in India. Rabies is caused by lyssavirus which is a deadly virus which affects the CNS. And its genetic material consists of mainly RNA and it undergoes reverse transcription mechanism and multiply in the host.
ABSTRACT- The objective of our study is to determine its anti-inflammatory potential of protein extracted from the
stings of honey bee (Apis mellifera). In this study, protein extracted from the stings of Apis mellifera using Tris HCl/ice
cold acetone and determined through Nano drop method and then determined its Da protein using SDS-PAGE. In
addition, indirect ELISA was performed using rubella vaccine as coating antigen and determined its antibody titre using
variable concentration of sting protein (15.62-250 μg) and also determined its activity on human whole blood for
determining total cellular content and proliferation against rubella vaccine antigen. The results showed that protein from
stings of Apis mellifera showed drastic declined in antibody titre at higher doses but there is slightly enhancement in
antibody titre, total cellular content and proliferations at lower concentration as compared to control and rubella vaccine
(standard).Overall, this study suggest that stings protein of Apis mellifera showed anti-inflammatory potential against
rubella vaccine antigen.
Key-words- Anti-inflammatory, Apis mellifera, Stings, Nanodrop, ELISA
Production of African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV) Specific Polyclonal Antibod...iosrjce
Serological techniques are commonly used in the detection and characterization of plant viruses.
These methods employ the use of antisera produced by highly purified preparations in intramuscular,
intradermal and intraocular. In this study oral route was explored using crude extracts. Two groups (control
and experimental) of Swiss albino mice consisting of two replicates were immunized via the oral route with
crude extracts from uninfected cassava plants (Manihot esculenta) and cassava plants systematically infected
with African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV). Uninfected and infected leaves were grinded separately in saline
solution (0.15M) at 1:2 (w/v) with laboratory mortar and pestle and then filtered with double layered cheese
cloth of 75µm to obtain extracts. Clarified extracts were orally administered to the mice in daily doses of 200µl
per mice for 21 days and booster doses were also given at day 28 and 35 respectively. Antiserum were obtained
from the mice for 6 consecutive weeks after the commencement of immunization and were analyzed using
antigen coated plate (ACP) and triple antibody sandwich (TAS) indirect enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA). Group A antisera gave negative reactions (OD values < 1.5) while group B antisera reacted positively
(OD values ≥ 1.5) in the two methods used. The polyclonal antisera obtained were very specific to ACMV in
ACP and TAS ELISA. This appears to be the first antisera specific to ACMV obtained by oral immunization of
mice. Oral immunization is considered less stressful for animals, the method is a fast, simple and cheap way for
producing antisera to plant virus compared to the traditional methods of using purified preparations for
immunization. We have used this procedure in the production of antisera yet there is room for improvement in
immunization strategies to enhance antibody production. Immunization dosage can also be tried and
manipulated in bigger animals like rabbits and chicken. This research work leaves room for further exploration
of similar procedure in bigger experimental animals like rabbits and chicken for greater antiserum production.
There are hundreds of diseases of livestock and pet animals that can be printed through properly used quality vaccines. This presentation summarises different types of vaccines used by veterinarians to control/ prevent diseases. The presentation enlists the vaccine-preventable diseases of pets and livestock, and also the different vaccines used.
Differentiation of field isolates (wild) from vaccine strains (Marker, DIVA &...Bhoj Raj Singh
Nowadays vaccination is often reported as the cause of disease outbreaks. To ward off this misconception (vaccines are made to save the masses not to risk their lives)or to understand vaccination failures, it is necessary to understand the difference between a field strain causing the disease and a vaccine strain having attenuated virulence. This presentation talks about DIVA and DISA vaccines too.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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2. Rabies
Rabies is a zoonotic disease which is caused by a virus.
Rabies virus (RABV) belongs to the type species of the genus Lyssavirus
within the family Rhabdoviridae.
Rabies infects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people
through close contact with infected saliva through bite, scratch, aerosols
etc.,
Dogs,
Bats,
wild cats,
Jackals,
wolves etc
3.
4. RABIES VACCINE
DEFINITION :
Rabies vaccine is a suspension of a suitable strain
of fixed rabies virus grown in suitable approved
cell culture and inactivated by a suitable method.
The vaccine is prepared immediately before use
by reconstitution from the dried vaccine with a
suitable sterile liquid
Dried vaccine + sterile liquid Suspension.
5. BIOLOGICAL ASSAY OF RABIES VACCINE
Principle:
The potency of rabies vaccine is determined by comparing a lethal intracerebral dose
of a rabies virus with the dose of the standard preparation of rabies necessary to give
for same protection.
Standard preparation: Freeze – dried preparation.
6. Test animals:
• White mice weight 11gm – 15gm.
• 6 groups of 16 animals , 4 groups
of 10 animals.
• These two groups are used for
titration of LD50 challenge
suspension.
• Injected 0.03ml/mice
intracerebrally.
7. STANDARD CHALLENGE VIRUS SUSPENSION
Standard challenge virus suspension is prepared by injecting
Intracerebrally 0.03ml of 10 fold dilution standard strain horse serum to the test animal
Showing characteristic symptom of encephalitis are sacrified
Harvest the brain aseptically
Wash it with saline solution to remove blood clot
Homogenized brain with 10% digested casein hydrolysate (PH 7.2)
Centrifuge and separated liquid is distributed into sterile ampoules and stored at 2 – 80.
8. DETERMINATION OF CHALLENGE VIRUS
(Determination of virus titre of the challenge virus)
Prepare 3-10 fold dilution of standard challenge virus suspension.
0.03 ml inject intra cerebrally to a groups of 10 mice.
Observe for 14 days
Count the number of mice surviving in each group
Calculate the virus titre of standard challenge virus suspension by
statistical method.
9. DETERMINATION OF POTENCY OF THE VACCINE
Prepare 3-5 fold serial dilution of standard and test solution of vaccines
Separate mice in 6 groups of 16 each
Inject 0.03 ml intra peritoneally and after 7 days prepare same solution and inject
Both standard and test should prepared in such away
After 7 days inject 0.03 ml standard virus suspension to vaccinated mice
Observe if for 14 days and calculate its potency by statistical method.
11. Brand Name Composition Company Packing MRP Rs.
ABHAYRAB inj. Inactivated rabies vaccine prepared on vero
cells
HUMAN
BIOLOGICAL
Vial 254.00
RABIPUR inj. 2.5 iu inactivated rabies antigen (virus
multiplied in chicken fibroblast cell cultures),
stabilizer (1dose) TEN-haeacel and 0.1%
glutamate q.s.
SANOFI
AVENTIS
Vial 309.00
RABIVAX inj. Anti rabies vaccine on human diploid cells SERUM INT. Vial 322.00
VERORAB inj. Each freeze dried vaccine contains 1 dose
that the protective activity is > 2.5 iu
RANBAXY Vial 304.00
VEROVAX-R inj. Inactivated rabies vaccine prepared on vero
cells
AVENTIS
PASTEUR
0.5ml
prefilled
syringe
281.00
Currently available rabies vaccines in India
12. World Rabies Day is a
cooperative global event
planned to reduce the
suffering from rabies. This
day celebrates Dr. Louis
Pasteur’s vision of a rabies
free world.
WORLD RABIES DAY SEPTEMBER 28
13. REFERENCES
Wang, H., Zhang, G., Wen, Y ., Yang, S., Xia, X., & Fu, Z. F. (2011). Intracerebral
administration of recombinant rabies virus expressing GM-CSF prevents the
development of rabies after infection with street virus. PloS one, 6(9), e25414
Hicks, D. J., Fooks, A. R., & Johnson, N. (2012). Developments in rabies vaccines.
Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 169(3), 199-204.
McGettigan, J. (2010). Experimental rabies vaccines for humans. Expert Rev
Vaccines, 9(10),1177-1186
Sugiyama, M., & Ito, N. (2007). Control of rabies: epidemiology of rabies in Asia
and development of new-generation vaccines for rabies. Comparative
immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases, 30(5), 273-286.