The Articles of Confederation gave most powers to the states instead of the central government. It established a weak central government that had to request funds from the states and had no power to levy taxes or regulate commerce. There was no national executive or judicial branch. Unanimity was required to pass laws or amend the Articles. Disputes between states were resolved through arbitration. Sovereignty resided with the states. The Constitution established a stronger central government with powers such as the ability to levy taxes, establish federal courts, and regulate interstate commerce. It created a chief executive and lowered the threshold for amending the Constitution. Representation in Congress was based on population rather than each state having one vote.